Papers by MOHAMAD FHAIZAL MOHAMAD BUKHORI
Carica papaya L. is a member of Caricaceae family with four native genera. This fruit is economic... more Carica papaya L. is a member of Caricaceae family with four native genera. This fruit is economically important as in multi-purpose fruit produced for dessert and vegetable and is highly in demand for pharmaconomical trade particularly the plant compound as source of medicine. This species is a popular fruit crop in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. It is also one of the most widely grown fruits in Malaysia and is mainly cultivated in Johor, Perak and Selangor. The Eksotika papaya variety was introduced to the farmers in the late eighties and this resulted in an increase in the production areas. Therefore, the innovation of getting sufficient and superior material has to be made in order to fulfill the high demand of superior planting material and also as a source of material for the purpose of further research and development of Carica papaya L. cell cultures and for its bioactive compound. Papaya tissue culture researchers ...
Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology
New and improved fertilisers are constantly being introduced to the market to help increase crop ... more New and improved fertilisers are constantly being introduced to the market to help increase crop yields. However, the common usage of chemical fertilisers had brought upon negative impacts to the environment and the study for sustainable fertiliser is still ongoing. This review will highlight the usage of bat guano as a valuable fertiliser which has a potential to diminish the effects of chemical fertiliser usage, increase yield and is cost effective. Its role as a fertiliser can support the agricultural growth and in turn provides additional care for plants. The chemical compositions of guano which was found to be subpar with other fertilisers support its usage of guano as an alternative for crop yield enhancement. Plant growth performance that shows a significant positive impact of guano on crops, further demonstrates its usage as organic fertilisers. In-depth study of the chemical composition of guano should be pursued as the fertiliser has high beneficial value to the ecology an...
Trends in Undergraduate Research
The state of Sarawak is blessed with vast wilderness and thriving wildlife (Abu Bakar et al., 201... more The state of Sarawak is blessed with vast wilderness and thriving wildlife (Abu Bakar et al., 2016). The state has a flourishing biodiversity, ecology, and environment, packed with amazing national parks, which are world-renowned. The parks are home to lush tropical rainforests and peculiar wildlife, all of which can be found in natural parks such as Kubah, Bako, and Santubong National Park. This documentation was briefly notes biodiversity, ecology, and environment-related information in the exceptionally rich ecosystems of flora and fauna of these national parks.The documentation was aimed at observing and documenting the ecosystem in Kubah, Bako and Santubong National Parks to assess future needs for ecosystem and education for a sustainable future. The documentation is also targeted at creating awareness on ecosystem and education, inspiring sustainable development goals, studying the selected flora and fauna of the area, and boosting the academic, research, and development valu...
Malaysian Journal of Science, 2018
Secondary metabolites biosynthesis regulation study of herbal plants plays a significant role in ... more Secondary metabolites biosynthesis regulation study of herbal plants plays a significant role in the discovery of phytochemical compounds with a wide range of uses. These phytochemical compounds are important nature-derived drugs such as antibiotics, agrochemicals substitutes (allelopathy), pigments, and medicinal immuno-suppressor. Generally, there is a firm scheme for regulating secondary metabolites based on their components, function and synthesis: alkaloids, enzyme, fatty acid, phenolic, polyketides, polypeptides, steroids, and terpenoids. Therefore, with the increasing in economic importance of these valuable compounds has led to a great interest in secondary metabolism, mainly the possibility of modifying and regulating the production of metabolites by means of biotechnological and agricultural practice. This review presents information about the production regulation of bioactive compounds under various stress conditions, particularly on abiotic influence such as water supply and fertilizer application that could be included in G. procumbens production systems. Brief analysis was done by reviewing various collected works and material from articles in related issues. Therefore, it will permit quantitative comparison of studies to address intended questions based on procedures, study systems, locations and scale of used.
Malaysian Applied Biology
Applying biochar in crop farming or agriculture activity generally increases productivity through... more Applying biochar in crop farming or agriculture activity generally increases productivity through improved soil fertility and water holding capacity. However, there is a lack of empirical data on the effects of sago bark waste-derived biochar on the growth media of Capsicum annuum L. This work, reported the effect of sago bark biochar and acid-base treated sago bark biochar on Capsicum annuum L. var. Kulai growth media fertility. The plant growth study was carried out using completely random design experimental layouts with five replicates and 8 treatments at various biochar application rates (0.5,1.5, & 3.0%, w/w). Results showed that plant grown with 1.5% sago bark biochar has the highest number of the leaf (122.90). Plant with 1.5% acid-base treated sago bark biochar showed a significantly (p<0.05) higher number of flower buds (1.90) and stem height (69.00 cm) during 4 months of the vegetative period. Meanwhile, plants with 3% acid-base treated sago bark biochar obtained the ...
Malaysian Applied Biology, 2022
Chili is among the most popular vegetables in Asia including Malaysia. This vibrant red color veg... more Chili is among the most popular vegetables in Asia including Malaysia. This vibrant red color vegetable has its level of heat and is usually used in various cuisines, in dried and powdered forms, or even in flakes. Capsicum annuum L. var. Kulai originated in South America but is favored in Asia (Khandaker et al., 2017). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO] (2019), the total harvested area of chili in the world was 1,990,926 hectares, with Malaysia roughly covering only 0.14% (2,843 hectares) of the worldwide area. Total chili production in Malaysia has been decreasing over time, with 27,555 tonnes produced in 2019 compared with 59,775 tonnes in 2013 (FAO, 2019). Agriculture and Agro-based industry stated that approximately 300,000 tonnes of chili per year had been consumed by Malaysians between January and July 2018 (Daros, 2019). The average chili production in Malaysia is still very low, and it is necessary to increase crop productivity to meet the current demand for chili. According to the Department of Statistics
Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, 2020
Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlook... more Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlooking the importance of agronomic requirements for high yields and phytochemical content that vary due to environmental variations. The study was carried out to examine the effects of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and evapotranspiration replacement (ER) on growth and phytochemical content. Treatments affected parameters significantly (p≤0.05) with a stronger effect on physiological and biochemical attributes (p≤0.0001). Highest and lowest yield of biomass and phytochemical content were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. Treatments interaction was highly significant (p≤0.0001) in Cond, TPrC, and TFC, (p≤0.05) in CF and PWP, and not significant (p>0.05) in Photo, TCC, and TPC. The 75% ER had significant (p≤0.05) output of biomass and phytochemical content. As ER decreased from 100 to 25%, the Photo and CF were reduced. Phytochemical content displayed a significant negative relationship with PWP. Caffeic acid, kaempferol, and ferulic acid demonstrated as lead compounds. Following this, there were correlations between phenolic biosynthesis-regulated gene and gene expressions such as PAL, CHS, and F3H primers.
Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 2020
Despite the progressive reports on potential pharmacological properties of G. procumbens, the imp... more Despite the progressive reports on potential pharmacological properties of G. procumbens, the importance of agronomic requirements to produce high yields and phytochemical content that may vary due to environmental variations are often overlooked. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effects of N, K and ER interaction on the growth and phytochemical content of G. procumbens. The study was a three-factorial experiment; two rates of N and K, four rates of ER and three H time. The treatments have affected plant growth and phytochemical content significantly (p≤0.05) with stronger effect on physiology and biochemical attributes (p≤0.01). The study has shown discrete effect on growth, physiology, and phytochemicals content with N0K30>N90K0 and ER 75>50>100>25% treatment. The highest and lowest yield of plant biomass and phytochemical were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. The results have shown that the interaction and effect of treatments ar...
Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 2020
To facilitate the learning objectives of ecology, biodiversity and environment course, in situ ac... more To facilitate the learning objectives of ecology, biodiversity and environment course, in situ activities remain the finest key to complement by conducting real fieldwork and hands on study. The specific objectives of the study are to promote sustainable learning, adopting effective practice in academic and scientific documentation, and implementing holistic and blended learning approach in the course by introducing a comprehensive learning experience in biodiversity-related discipline. Therefore, Basidiomycota and Ascomycota study based on diversity, host association and community structure in Gunung Gading National Park was chosen and resulted with the following attributes, where, four different species of macrofungi were identified and classified including Ganoderma, Coprinellus and Cookeina. Information on Basidiomycota and Ascomycota diversity species present in the parks is useful for educational and research purposes such as in Malaysian fungal diversity, climate change marke...
Tropical Life Sciences Research, 2021
The study was carried out to examine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilisation on phytochemical c... more The study was carried out to examine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilisation on phytochemical content quality, to determine types of phytochemicals compositions, and to establish phytochemicals marker compounds in Gynura procumbens. In this two factors study, three stages of harvesting (H) time and three rates of N were laid out according to Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD). Physiological and biochemical attributes were recorded to exhibit the trend for plant quality. The results showed that, N has affected phytochemical content significantly (p < 0.05) with stronger effect on physiological and biochemical attributes (p < 0.01). The results suggested that 0 and 90 kg/ha N, respectively are highly and least effecting the Photo, Cond, TChlC, TCC, TPrc, TLiC, TPC and TFC.
Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 2018
In order to accomplish the learning objectives of ecology, biodiversity and environment course, i... more In order to accomplish the learning objectives of ecology, biodiversity and environment course, in situ activities remain the finest key to complement by conducting real fieldwork experiments. The specific objectives of the fieldwork are to ensure sustainable learning, adopting best practice in scientific documentation, and implementing holistic and integrated learning approach in the course. Therefore, related field topic was given to the students and resulted with the following attributes. Four different species of pitcher plants were identified and classified throughout the study. The recent biology educational trip to Bako National Park had documented various well-known species of Nepenthes. Information on Nepenthes species present in the parks is useful for educational and research purposes, developing a conservation plan and management and also helps in promoting ecotourism. The trip was conducted to introduce a comprehensive learning experience to the students in biodiversity-related discipline.
Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 1970
To explore the potential for embryogenic callus induction protocol through cell suspension cultur... more To explore the potential for embryogenic callus induction protocol through cell suspension culture forhigh frequency plant regeneration of Maspine pineapple (Ananas comosus L.), eight different culturemedia formulation were evaluated for their effects on the induction of somatic embryos from suckerexplants. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various media concentration(NAA, Dicamba and BAP, Picloram, Kinetin and NAA, 2,4-D, TDZ, and TDZ and BAP).Embryogenic callus induction percentage, color and texture of the callus were assessed after fivemonths of culture. The optimum medium for the proliferation of in vitro shoots from sucker explantswas MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BAP. Meanwhile, the optimum medium for the inductionof fastest and high percentage of embryogenic callus growth from in vitro leaf-based was MS mediumsupplemented with Picloram. Results of mean comparison showed that 3 mg/L Picloram were moreeffective on explants than 10 mg/L. Results of the ...
Asian Social Science, 2017
The purpose of this study is to recognize the influencing factors in program selection in pre-uni... more The purpose of this study is to recognize the influencing factors in program selection in pre-university level and its relationship with student’s achievement. Competition among school leavers to further their studies at a higher level institution is getting tougher; making choosing a program offered by universities becomes a real challenge. After completing secondary school studies, most universities require students to complete a minimum of 1–2 years of post-secondary education before enrolment. Pre-university program is one of the options of post-secondary education. Since the curriculum of pre-university program is very comprehensive, students attending this program have to undergo various challenges throughout their academic sessions. Therefore, students are expected to have their own targets and focus prior to attending any of these studies. In this study, the researchers use a survey to investigate and analyze factors that influence students’ decisions in choosing a pre-unive...
Malaysian Journal of Science, 2006
ABSTRACT Embryogenic callus could be established from immature embryo of Carica papaya L. var. Ek... more ABSTRACT Embryogenic callus could be established from immature embryo of Carica papaya L. var. Eksotika I after 3 - 4 months of culture on Callus Induction (CI) medium. Embryogenic callus was successfully induced (100 %) on CI medium supplemented with 250 mg/L Carbenicillin plus 10 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acids (2,4-D). Transparent somatic embryos then proliferated from the light brown friable embryogenic callus. Carbenicillin that was frequently used as an antibiotic to prevent fungal contamination in in-vitro cultures was found to stimulate the growth of somatic embryos of Carica papaya L. var. Eksotika I. Somatic embryos were maintained in a medium containing either reduced or without 2,4-D. The cultures could be maintained for a period of 5 - 6 months with no apparent loss of regenerative potential. The somatic embryos germinated on Germination (G) medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2.0 mg/L 1-Napthaleneacetic acids (NAA) produced high regeneration frequency (88.41 %) with initial development of hypocotyls followed by rapid growth of plantlets. The in vitro shoots were readily rooted in G medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with 75 % successful rate.
Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2021
Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological ... more Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological properties, many are overlooking at the importance of agronomic requirements, such as fertilization, to produce high phytochemical content which have not been conclusively concluded.
Biochar application as a soil amender can alter soil physical properties with its effects on soil... more Biochar application as a soil amender can alter soil physical properties with its effects on soil aeration, water holding capacity, soil workability and plant growth. Sago biochar (SBB) was produced through carbonization of the sago bark waste in an oxygen free environment. This study aims to improve the morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties of SBB. The SBB was chemically treated using HCl and NaOH. The morphological characteristics of samples were analysed using SEM and BET. Meanwhile, the physicochemical analysis was performed using FTIR, CHN analyser and AAS. The treated sago biochar (TSB) showed the highest surface area (158.82 m2 /g) and can be classified as macropores (53.4 nm). This indicates that the TSB has large pores influencing the cohesiveness of soil particles, water storage, and increase in water holding capacity (97.63%). It also had the highest Ca and Mg (6.67% and 4.37%, respectively) which can assist in the production of chlorophyll in plant...
Program pengajian sains hayat dan sains fizikal pada asasnya disasarkan kepada kelompok pelajar y... more Program pengajian sains hayat dan sains fizikal pada asasnya disasarkan kepada kelompok pelajar yang berbeza. Setiap program mempunyai kelebihan dan perspektif yang tersendiri. Memandangkan program pra-universiti, asasi dan matrikulasi mengambil masa yang singkat untuk ditamatkan, maka pelajar yang mengikuti program ini perlu melalui proses kehidupan dan pembelajaran yang begitu ketat dan mencabar sepanjang tempoh pengajian. Ekoran tersebut, secara dasarnya pelajar harus mempunyai fokus dan ketetapan untuk mengikuti program pengajian sains hayat ataupun sains fizikal secara jelas kerana sukatan pelajaran pra-universiti, asasi dan matrikulasi telah disusun mengikut kursus yang tertentu untuk diikuti di peringkat ijazah pertama nanti. Selain itu, kemasukan pelajar-pelajar yang mengikuti program pengajian sains hayat dan sains fizikal di institusi terpilih ini adalah berdasarkan kepada pilihan sendiri dan memenuhi syarat syarat dan kriteria kemasukan yang telah ditetapkan. Namun, syara...
Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 2020
Despite the progressive reports on potential pharmacological properties of G. procumbens, the imp... more Despite the progressive reports on potential pharmacological properties of G. procumbens, the importance of agronomic requirements to produce high yields and phytochemical content that may vary due to environmental variations are often overlooked. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effects of N, K and ER interaction on the growth and phytochemical content of G. procumbens. The study was a three-factorial experiment; two rates of N and K, four rates of ER and three H time. The treatments have affected plant growth and phytochemical content significantly (p≤0.05) with stronger effect on physiology and biochemical attributes (p≤0.01). The study has shown discrete effect on growth, physiology, and phytochemicals content with N0K30>N90K0 and ER 75>50>100>25% treatment. The highest and lowest yield of plant biomass and phytochemical were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. The results have shown that the interaction and effect of treatments ar...
Uploads
Papers by MOHAMAD FHAIZAL MOHAMAD BUKHORI