Present Perfect; Present Perfect Continuous; Past Perfect; Past Perfect Continuous -Discussing actions that have and haven't occurred / -Discussing duration of activity/ -Discussing things people had done I. A: Can you sing? B: Yes. I've sung for many years. 1.you- swim 2.Julie- draw pictures 3.Charlie- drive trucks 4.you-speak French 5.Gwen- fly airplanes 6.Ed and Jim- take inventory 7.Walter- grow corn 8.Gloria-ride horses 9.the president's assistant- write speeches II.A: Have you eaten lunch yet? B: Yes, I have. I ate lunch a little while ago . A: Has Tina written her composition yet? B: Yes, she has. She wrote her composition a little while ago. 1.you- go to the post-office 2.Dan- give out the paychecks 3.you and Susan- take a break 4.you- do Room 24 5.the employees- see the new copy machine 6.Michael- feed the dog III.A: Have you given blood recently? B: No, I haven't. I haven't given blood in (for) a long time. A: Has your father gone fishing recently? B: No, he hasn't. He hasn't gone fishing in (for) a long time. 1.you-write in your journal 2.Dorothy- be sick 3.your son- get a haircut 4.you and your wife- run in a marathon 5.you-have a medical checkup 6.Anthony- wear his tuxedo IV. A: How long have you known how to water-ski? B: I've known how to water-ski for many years. A: How long has Alex been a vegetarian? B: He's been a vegetarian since he started college. 1.you and your husband- be married-ten years 2.you-have a toothache- 10 o'clock this morning 3.Mr Martinez- be in hospital-last week 4.your grandparents- own a car- 32 years 5.Irene- have a British accent- she moved to London 6.you- know each other- 2001 7.your son- play the violin- he was in the first grade 8.you-like hip-hop music- a long time 9.your sister- want to be an actress- she was 4 years old V. A: How long have your friends been dancing? B: They've been dancing for ten hours. 1.Henry- wait for the bus- since 8 o'clock 2.you-study- for five hours 3.Mrs McGee - work here- for 35 years 4.you two- argue- since we got here 5.Cheryl and Mike- go out- for 3 months 6.your roof- leak- since last week 7.your parents- live in Florida- since they retired 8. I - snore- all night VI. A: Cynthia looks tired. What has she been doing? B: She's been taking orders. A: How many orders has she taken? B: She's taken more than 100. A: Wow! That's a lot of orders! B: That's right. She's never taken that many orders before. 1.Ted- give tennis lessons- more than 20 2.you-write memos- more than 25 3.Amy and Rick- assemble cell phones- at least 75 4.Kevin- draw portraits- around 30 5.Ms Gomez- read resumes- more than 200 6.you- deliver packages- over 50 7.Jessica- sing songs- at least 40 8.you and your brother- sell T -shirts- well over 300 9.Ron- do sit-ups- at least 90 10.Dr Chin- see patients- around 45 10.your children- build sandcastles- 10 or 11 12.Jason- make smoothies- more than 150 VII A: Did Andrew eat lunch at Burger Town yesterday? B: No. He didn't want to. He had eaten lunch at Burger Town the day before. 1.Sheila- drive to the beach last weekend- the weekend before 2.you-go dancing last night- the night before 3.Paul-make pancakes for breakfast yesterday morning- the morning before 4.your children- have peanut butter and jelly sandwiches for lunch yesterday- the day before 5.you and your friends- see a movie yesterday evening- the evening before 6.the Browns- take their children to the aquarium last Saturday- the Saturday before VIII.A:Did Alan get to the movie on time? B: No, he didn't.By the time he got to the movie,it had already begun. 1.you-airport- plane-take off 2.Vicky- bank- close 3.Mr and Mrs Slater-theatre- play-begin 4.you and your friends- stadium- game-begin 5,Howard- meeting-end 6.Emily- station- train- leave 7.the Taylors- ferry- sail away 8.Kathleen- space launch- happen 9. Jerry- graduation ceremony- finish Perfect Modals: should have, might have, may have, could have, must have Evaluating people's activities/Job interviews/ Making deduction/ Expressing concern about others/ Apologizing/ Recounting difficult situations/ Driving rules/ Directions/ Drawing a map/ Bus and train schedules/ Interactions with the police I.A: Did Richard speak loud enough at the meeting this morning? B: No, he didn't. He should have spoken louder. 1.Gail-run fast enough during the marathon 2.Fred- drive carefully enough during the driving test 3.Mr and Mrs Lopez get to the airport early enough 4.you and your classmates- study hard enough for the science quiz 5.Jason- write legibly enough on his employment application 6.you- take the cookies out of the oven soon enough 7.Sally- speak confidently enough at her job interview 8.Brian- dance well enough at the audition II.A: Why is Alice upset? B: She thinks she shouldn't have driven to work today. She should have taken the train. 1.Carl- buy a computer - get a computer 2.Donna- take Advanced French last semester - take Beginning French 3.you- cook vegetable stew for my guests- make a salad 4.you and your husband- see a movie last night- stay at home and watch TV 5.Michael- wear jeans to a job interview today- wear a suit 6.Mr and Mrs Parker- go on a safari for their vacation- go to the beach 7.Jennifer- write her composition on the bus- do it at home 8.Eric- eat an entire cake for dessert- have just one piece III. A: I wonder why Sheila hasn't come back from lunch yet. B: I'm not sure. She might have (may have) gone to the bank. A: Hmm. Maybe you're right. I wonder why 1.Tom was late for the meeting - get stuck in traffic 2.Professor Jones didn't come to class yesterday- be sick 3.Mr and Mrs. Lane didn't come to our party- forget about it 4.Jimmy was late for school this morning- miss the bus 5.Peggy didn't want to go to the play with us- see it already 6.the neighbours haven't returned our ladder- break it 7.Dad left the rock concert early- have a headache 8.Grandma and Grandpa aren't answering their phone- go away for the weekend IV.A: If you ask me, Jack shouldn't have gone hiking by himself in the mountains. B: You're right. He could have got lost. 1.Gloria- swim to the other side of the lake- drown 2.Billy- play baseball in the rain- catch a bad cold 3.Ann- ride her bicycle downtown during rush hour- get hurt 4.Jim- move his piano by himself- break his back 5.Jenny- use her computer during a thunderstorm- be electrocuted 6.your friends- go skating on the town pond- fall through the ice 7.Grandpa- shovel all the snow in the driveway- have a heart attack 8.Dad- argue with a police officer - wind up in jail V. A: Richard came to work late today. B: I'm really surprised to hear that. He never comes to work late. A: I know. He must have overslept. B: You're probably right. 1.Maria missed English class all last week- be very sick 2.Gary skipped dessert at the restaurant today- go on a diet 3.Mrs Grimsley smiled at her employees this morning- be in a very good mood 4.Peter handed in his homework late this morning- have a problem with his computer 5.Beverly yelled at me this morning- be very upset 6.Walter was in a terrible mood today- "get up on the wrong side of the bed" 7.you talked in your sleep last night- have a bad dream 8.Rover refused to eat his dinner- eat too many dog biscuits during the day VI. A: Tim looks frightened! He must have seen a scary movie today. B: I'm not so sure. He might have (may have) seen a scary movie, but that doesn't usually make him so frightened. A: I'm a little concerned. Maybe we should talk to him. B: That's a good idea. 1.Janet looks tired- work overtime 2.Mr Jenkins looks exhausted- swim fifty laps 3.Rachel looks upset- fail an exam 4.Steve looks angry- have a fight with his landlord 5.Margaret looks tired- jog for a long time 6.Wayne looks upset- have an argument with his boss 7.Our English teacher looks disappointed- find a lot of mistakes in our homework 8.Rick looks exhausted- do a lot of sit-ups 9.Senator Wilson looks tired- shake a lot of hands VII. A: I want to apologize to you. B: What for? A: You must have been very angry with me yesterday. B: I don't understand. Why should I have been angry with you? A: Don't you remember? We had planned to see a movie yesterday but I completely forgot. B: Don't worry about it. Actually, I owe you an apology. A: You do? Why? B: I couldn't have seen a movie with you anyway. I had to take care of my little sister yesterday... and I completely forgot to tell you. A: That's O.K. Maybe we can see a movie some other time. 1.go to the beach- study for my final exams 2.have lunch- go to an important meeting 3.take a walk in the park- visit a friend in the hospital READING 1.THEY DIDN'T DO AS WELL AS THEY SHOULD HAVE Barry didn't do as well as he should have at a job interview today. He didn't get the job and he now realizes that he should have done a few things differently. He should have spoken more confidently, he should have told more about his previous experiences and he probably should have worn more conservative clothes. In addition, he shouldn't have arrived late for his appointment. He shouldn't have asked questions only about vacations and sick days. And he definitely shouldn't have eaten his lunch in the interviewer's office. Barry will certainly do a few things differently the next time he has a job interview! Vicky didn't do as well as she should have in a tennis tournament yesterday. She didn't win and she now realizes that she should have done a few things differently. She should have practiced more during the week, she should have done more warm-up exercises before the tournament and she probably should have got a good night's sleep the night before. Furthermore, she shouldn't have used her old tennis racket. She shouldn't have eaten such a large breakfast that morning. And she definitely shouldn't have gone out dancing with her friends the night before. Vicky will certainly do a few things differently the next time she plays in a tennis tournament. 2.GEORGE HASN'T COME TO ENGLISH CLASS George hasn't come to English class this evening and all the students in the class are wondering why. Henry thinks he might have got sick. Linda thinks he might have had a doctor's appointment. Mr. and Mrs. Kim think that one of George's children may have caught a bad cold. Carla thinks he may have had to work overtime. Mr and Mrs Sato think he might have gone to the airport to meet his relatives who are arriving from overseas. And Maria thinks he may have decided to study in another school. All the students are curious about why George hasn't come to English class this evening... and they're a little concerned. 3.LUCKY PEOPLE Gary must have been daydreaming while he was driving to work yesterday. He drove through a red light at the busiest intersection in town. Fortunately, he didn't hit anyone. Gary was lucky. He could have caused a terrible accident. Mrs Chen must have been very scared yesterday. There was a big, mean dog outside while she was putting out the garbage. Fortunately, the dօg didn't see her.Mrs Chen was lucky. That big, mean dog might have bitten her. Howard must have been extremely irritable this morning. He was rude to his supervisor when she pointed out a mistake he had made. Fortunately, his supervisor was in a good mood and she didn't get angry. Howard was lucky. His supervisor could have fired her. Ms Kendall must have been feeling very brave last night. She refused to hand over her purse to a man who was trying to mug her. Fortunately, the man got scared and ran away. Ms Kendall was very lucky. She might have got hurt. Mr and Mrs Gray must have had a lot of financial problems last year. They were never able to pay their rent on time. Fortunately, their landlord was very understanding. Mr and Mrs Gray are pretty lucky. Their landlord could have evicted them. Irwin must have been very lonely yesterday. All evening he made long-distance phone calls to his friends throughout the country. Fortunately, most of his friends weren't at home. Irwim was very lucky. He could have run up quite a big phone bill. Conditional: Present Real (If....will); Present Unreal (If...would); Hope-Clauses -Describing Plans and Intentions/ Consequences of Actions/ Dsicussing Future Events/ Expressing Hopes/ Asking for and Giving Reasons/ Making Deductions/ Emergencies/ Reporting an Emergency/ Responding to Directions of Emergency Personnel/ Home Fire Safety/ Smoke Detectors. I. A: How is Angela going to get to work tomorrow? B: She isn't sure. If the weather is good, she'll probably ride her bicycle. If the weather is bad, she'll probably take the bus. 1.Ben- to do this Saturday- to be sunny-to go to the beach, to rain- watch TV 2.you-to do tomorrow- still to have a cold- lie in bed- to feel better- to go to work 3. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor- to do tonight- to be tired- to read - to feel energetic- to go dancing 4.Roy- to have lunch today- to be busy- in the office- not to be busy- to go to the restaurant 5.Lisa- to go after school today- to have a lot of homework- to go home- not to have much homework- to go to the park 6.Alan- to have for dessert this evening- to decide to stay on his diet- to eat salad- to decide to forget about his diet- to eat ice-cream II. A: Do you think Roger should come to the beach with us today? B: No, I don't. If he comes to the beach with us today, he might get carsick. 1.Abigail- to go to school today- to give her cold to the other children 2.I - to skip my history class today- to miss something important 3. Roger- to quit his job- to have trouble finding another one 4.I- to put some more salt in the soup- to spoil it 5. we- to try to break up that fight- to get hurt 6.Ricky- to stay up and watch TV with us- to have trouble getting up in the morning 7.I - to marry Norman- to regret for the rest of your life III. A: I hope our team wins the game tomorrow. B: I hope so, too / A: I hope the teacher doesn't give a quiz today. B: I hope not, too. 1.I- to get the job 2. the cake- not to be burnt 3.the weather- to be nice this weekend 4.our dinner guests- not to be late 5.it- not to rain tomorrow 6.our new boss- to be friendly 7.Dad- not to be laid off again 8.we- to be invited to our English teacher's birthday party IV. A: Do you think the train will be crowded? B: I hope not. If the train is crowded, we'll have to stand. And if we have to stand, we'll be exhausted by the time we get to work! A: You're right. I hope the train isn't crowded. Do you think... 1.the boss- to retire this year- his son to take his place- everybody to quit 2.the economy to get worse this year- I to have to get a second job- my family to be very upset 3.Mr Mudge to increase our rent this year- we not to be able to pay it- we to have to move 4.our computer to be at the repair shop for a long time- we not to have access to the Internet- we not to be able to read our emails V. A: Why don't our grandchildren visit us more often? B: They don't live close enough. If they lived closer, they'd visit us more often. 1.Why don't I feel energetic? -You don't sleep enough. 2.Why isn't Sally a good driver? - She isn't careful enough. 3.Why doesn't Brian get good grades? - He doesn't study enough. 4.Why aren't you satisfied with your job?- I don't get paid enough. 5.Why doesn't Amy have friends at school? - She isn't outgoing enough. 6.Why doesn't Stan have a yearly check-up? He doesn't care enough about his health. 7.Why aren't most Americans in good physical condition? - They don't exercise enough. 8.Why isn't Melvin a good salesman? - He isn't aggressive enough. 9.Why doesn't my car get better gas mileage? You don't tune up your engine often enough. 10. Why don't you and Janet get along with each other? - We don't have enough in common. 11.Why don't our representatives in Congress do something about pollution? - They aren't concerned enough about the environment. 12.Why doesn't our English teacher buy a new pair of shoes? - He doesn't make enough money. 13.Why isn't Alexander able to lift weights? - He isn't strong enough. VI. A: I wonder why Olivia works so hard. B: She must like her job. A: You're probably right. If she didn't like her job, she wouldn't work so hard. I wonder why.... 1.Gary is so nervous- have an exam today 2.our supervisor is shouting at us today- be in a bad mood 3.Rover is barking at trhe door- want to go outside 4.Melanioe wants to be a schoolteacher- like children 5.Gregory makes so many mistakes- be careless 6.Beth is at home tonight- have to take care of her little brother 7.Donald gets into so many fights- like to argue with people 8.my brother and his girlfriend hold hands all the time- be in love 9.I am sneezing so much- be allergic to my perfume 10.Paul is dressed up- have a job interview Present Unreal Conditional (continued); Wish-Clauses -Advice / Expressing wishes / Job satisfaction / Expressing ability / Asking for and giving reasons / Life in cities and suburbs / Requesting bank services / Opening a bank account / Bank brochures / Budget-planning strategies I. A; Do you think the boss would be angry if I went home early? B: Yes, I do. I think she'd be VERY ANGRY. A: Do you really think so? B: Yes, I'm positive. I wouldn't go home early if I were you. A: I suppose you're right. 1.Do you think Ted would be disappointed if I missed his birthday party? 2.Do you think Mom would be angry if I drove her new car? 3.Do you think the neighbours would be annoyed if I practiced the drums now? 4.Do you think Mrs Riley would be upset if I skipped English class tomorrow? 5.Do you think the owners of the building would be upset if I painted the kitchen purple? 6.Do you think my parents would be disappointed if I dropped out of medical school? 7.Do you think Roy would be jealous if I went out with his girlfriend? 8.Do you think Dad would be mad if I borrowed his cell phone? 9.Do you think the voters would be upset if I raised taxes? 10.Do you think my fans would be unhappy of I got a haircut? 11.Do you think Matt would be embarrassed if I showed his baby pictures to his girlfriend? II.A: I'm thinking of growing a beard. What do you think? B: To tell the truth, I wouldn't grow a beard if I were you. A:Why do you say that? B: If you grew a beard,you' d probably look very funny. A: Hmm. You might be right. 1.buy a used car from Ralph Jones- spend a lot of money on repairs 2.get a dog- be evicted from your apartment building 3.start an Internet company- "lose your shirt" 4.move to the city centre- pay a lot more for the apartment III. A: Do you enjoy driving a taxi? B: Not really. I wish I drove a school bus. A: Does Mr Miller enjoy being a teacher? B: Not really. He wishes he were an actor. 1.Alice-living in the suburbs- in the city 2.Barry- being single- married 3.Mrs Dexter- teaching music- something else 4.you- working the night shift- the day shift 5.Vincent- painting houses- partraits 6.Ann- having two part-time jobs- one good full-time job 7.you-being the vice-president- the president 8.Albert- having a cat- a dog IV. A: Can Jeffrey cook? B:No, he can't...but he wishes he could. If he could cook, he'd invite his friends over for dinner. 1.Brian- dance- go dancing every night 2.Cheryl- type fast- be able to leave work in time 3.Steve- speak a foreign language- be able to get a better job 4.Martha- knit- make sweaters for her grandchildren 5.Gary- fix his car by himself- save a lot of money 6.Mr and Mrs Bradley- ski- take their children skiing in Colorado 7.Abby- play a musical instrument- be able to march in the town parade 8.Jessica - talk- tell her parents she doens't like her baby food 9.Richard- roll his "R"s- have better pronunciation in Spanish V. (My TV is fixed) A:You know, I wish my TV weren't fixed. B: Why do you say that? A: If it weren't fixed, I could (=I'd be able to) talk to my children. (My son wants to be a dentist) A: You know, I wish my son didn't want to be a dentist. B: Why do you say that? A:If he didn't want to be a dentist, I could (=I'd be able to) convince him to manage my shoe store when I retire. 1.The weather is going to be nice this weekend.- wear my new raincoat this Saturday 2.I have a doctor's appointment this Saturday- go to the beach 3.I live in a high-rise building- have a garden 4.My daughter is going to college out of town- see her more often 5.My new office has a view of the park- concentrate more on my work 6.There's a company picnic this Sunday- go away for the weekend 7.I have to go to my nephew's piano recital tomorrow- invite my friends over to watch the Super Bowl 8. My son takes drum lessons- have some "peace and quiet" around the house Reading texts. "All Thumbs" Ethel can never fix anything around the house. In fact, everybody tell her she's "all thumbs". She wishes she were more mechanically inclined. If she were more mechanically inclined, she would be able to repair things around the house by herself. Robert can't dance very well. In fact, all the girls he goes out with tell him he has "two left feet". Robert wishes he could dance better. If he could dance better, he wouldn't feel so self-conscious when he goes dancing. Maria is having a hard time learning English. She's having a lot of trouble with English grammar and pronunciation. Maria wishes she had a "better ear" for languages. If she had a "better ear" for languages, she probably wouldn't be having so much trouble in her English class. They wish they lived in the city. The Anderson family lives in the suburbs but they wish they lived in the city. If they lived in the city, Mr Anderson wouldn't have to spend all his spare time mowing the lawn and working around the house. Mrs Anderson wouldn't have to spend two hours commuting to work every day.Their son Michael would be able to take the bus to the baseball stadium. Their daughter Jennifer would be living close to all of her favourite bookstores. And their other son Steven could visit the zoo more often. If would be very difficult for the Anderson family to move to the city now but perhaps some day they'll be able to. They cetrtainly hope so. Past Unreal Conditional (If.... would have); Wish-Clauses (continued) -Asking for and giving reasons / Making deductions / Discussing unexpected events / Expressing wishes and hopes / Emphasizing / Consequesnces of actions / Rumours / I. A: Why didn't Brenda take her umbrella to work today? B: She didn't know it was going to rain. If she had known it was going to rain, she would have taken her unbrella to work today. A: Why weren't you in class yesterday? B: I wasn't feeling well. If I had been feeling well, I would have been in class yesterday. 1.Why didn't Jason stop at the traffic light? - He didn't notice it. 2.Why didn't you go to the movies last night?-I wasn't in the mood to see a film. 3.Why wasn't Mark on time for work today?- His alarm clock didn't ring. 4.Why didn't you hand in your paper today? - My printer wasn't working last night. 5.Why didn't the Kramers buy the house on Pine Street? - Their mortgage wasn't approved. 6.Why didn't Mr and Mrs Park enjoy their ski vacation? - There wasn't enough snow. 7.Why didn't you send us a postcard?- We didn't remember your address. 8.Why didn't you go to the party last night? - I wasn't invited. 9.Why didn't Mr and Mrs Sanchez enjoy the play last night? -They didn't have good seats. 10. Why wasn't Senator Harrington re-elected? -The people didn't trust him.11.Why didn't Mr Kelly's students give him a birthday present? - He didn't tell them it was his birthday. 12.Why wasn't Sophia asked to sing an encore last night?- The audience wasn't pleased with her performance. II.A: I wonder why Charles ran by without saying hello? B: He must have been in a hurry. A:You're probably right. If he hadn't been in a hurry, he wouldn't have run by without saying hello. I wonder why... 1.the boss was so irritable today- be upset about something 2.Pamela arrived late for work- miss the bus 3.Larry quit- find a better job 4.Donna went home early today- be feeling "under the weather" 5.Rover got sick last night- eat something he shouldn't have 6.Jill prepared so much food - expect a lot of people to come to her party 7.Diane went to sleep so early- have a hard day at the office 8.my shirt shrank so much- be 100 percent cotton 9.my computer shut down - run out of power 10.my cactus plant died- have a rare disease 11.Mom got stopped by the police officer- be driving too fast 12.Dad got searched by the security person- set off the metal detector 13.minister arrived late for the wedding- get lost III.(I don't know my neighbours. I'm so lonely.) A: I wish I knew my neighbours. B: Why do you say that? A: If I knew my neighbours I wouldn't be so lonely. B: I know what you mean. (I didn't know how to get around town when I moved here. I was so confused.) A: I wish I had known how to get around town when I moved here. B: Why do you say that? A: If I had known how to get around town when I moved here, I wouldn't have been so confused. B: I know what you mean. 1.I don't drive to work. I have to wait for the train every morning. 2. I didn't drive to work today. I had to wait an hour for the bus. 3.I don't do daily exercises. I have to go on a diet. 4. I didn't do my homework last night. I had to do it early this morning. 5.I don't have a good job. I'm concerned about my future. 6.I didn't have a flue shot last fall. I was sick all winter. 7.I'm not an optimist. I get depressed so often. 8.I wasn't prepared for my math test. I got a low grade. 9.My husband and I don't take dance lessons. We "feel out of place" at parties. 10.I didn't take medicine when my tooth began to hurt. I felt miserable all day. Reading text: Rumours. All the people at the office are talking about Samantha these days. There's a rumour rhat Samantha is going to be transferred to the company's office in Paris, and everybody is convvinced that the rumour is true. After all, if she weren't going to be transferred to the company's office in Paris, she wouldn't have put her condo up for sale. She wouldn't have started French lessons. And she definitely wouldn't have broken up with her boyfriend. Of course, the people at the office don't know for sure whether Samantha is going to be transferred to the company's office in Paris. It's only a rumour. They'll just have to wait and see. All the assembly-line workers at the National Motors automobile factory are worrying about the future these days. There's a rumour that the factory is going to close down soon and everybody is convinced that the rumour is true. After all, if the factory weren't going to close down soon, everybody on the night shift wouldn't have been laid off. The managers wouldn't all be reading the want ads and working on their resumes. And the boss definitely wouldn't have cancelled the annual company picnic. Of course, the assembly-line workers at National Motors don't know for sure whether the factory is going to close down soon. It's only a rumour. They'll just have to wait and see. Wishing it had happened differently Andrew didn't save his work on his computer yesterday. He really wishes he had saved it. If he had saved it, he wouldn't have lost his history paper. And if he hadn't lost his history paper, he would have been able to hand it in on time today. Marilyn's alarm clock didn't ring this morning. She really wishes it had rung. If it had rung, she wouldn't have been late for work this morning. And if she hadn't been late, her supervisor wouldn't have scolded her. Stan filled out his income tax very quickly this year. He really wishes he had filled it out more carefully. If he had filled it out more carefully, he wouldn't have made so many mistakes. And if he hadn't made so many mistakes, he wouldn't have got into trouble with the Internal Revenue Service. Mr and Mrs Carson didn't follow the directions on the box when they baked cookies yesterday. They really wish they had. If they had followed the directions, they would have used the right ingredients. And if they had used the right ingredients, the cookies wouldn't have been as hard as rocks! Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses. -Reporting what people have said /-Reporting information /-Expressing surprise / Leaving,taking and conveying messages / -Advice /-Job interviews: Talking about personal qualities; Asking appropriate questions ; Answering difficult questions. I. (Grandma- I am sick)A: I forgot to tell you. Grandma called yesterday. B: Really? What did she say? A: She said / She told me (that) she was sick. 1.Miguel and Maria- We are engaged 2.Robert - I 'm doing very well in college this semester. 3.Aunt Margaret- I like my new apartment 4.our upstair neighbours- We're going to move away 5.our niece Terry- I got a raise this month 6.Uncle Ted- I was on TV last week 7.your brother in Detroit- I've fallen in love 8.your sister in Seattle- I'll call you again next week 9.the woman from the furniture shop- We can deliver your new sofa on Saturday 10.the TV repairman- I can't fix your TV 11.my boss- You don't have to work overtime next week 12.our nephew Paul- I'll send you a postcard from Honolulu 13.the little girl down the street- I won't be able to babysit this Saturday night 14.the auto mechanic- The car is ready and you can pick it up any time you want to 15.my boyfriend- I'm sorry I forgot about your birthday 16.Uncle Frank- I was planning to visit you this weekend but I won't be able to come because I have the flu. II. (Our English teacher is in the hospital) A: What's everybody talking about? B: Haven't you heard? Our English teacher is in the hospital. A: You're kidding!(I can't believe it!) I didn't know (that) our English teacher was in the hospital. B: You didn't? I thought EVERYBODY knew (that) our English teacher was in the hospital. 1.Jack is going to be a father! What's everybody talking about? 2.Our landlord wants to sell the building! What's everybody so upset about? 3.We're going to get raises next week! What's everybody so happy about? 4.We can't use our dictionaries during the English test! What's everybody so nervous about? 5.The president is going to raise taxes next year! What's everybody so angry about? 6.We don't have to come to work tomorrow! What's everybody so happy about? 7.A lion has escaped from the zoo! What's everybody so anxious about? 8.All the TVs in the store are on sale this week! What's everybody so excited about? 9.The bride and the groom have decided to cancel the wedding! What's everybody talking about? III. (Do you want to receive a raise this year?) A: You won't believe what my boss asked me today! B: What did he ask you? A: He asked me if/ whether I wanted to receive a raise this year. B: I can't believe he asked you that! A: I can't either. (Why is there a Santa Claus in every department store in town?) A: You won't believe what a three-year-old boy asked me today! B: What did he ask you? A: He asked me why there was a Santa Claus in every department store in town? B:I can't believe he asked you that! A: I can't either. 1.my history teacher- Who is your barber? 2.my boyfriend- Do you want to get married? 3.my 9-year-old nephew- When will you teach me how to drive? 4.the woman at my job interview- Have you ever been arrested? 5.my students- Can we have English class at the beach tomorrow? 6.my parents- When are you going to break up with your boyfriend? 7.my philosophy professor- What is life? 8.my daughter- Do you know about the birds and the bees? IV. (Keep your dog in the house! I 'm afraid to deliver your mail.) A: I'm a little annoyed at the mailman. B: How come? A: He told me to keep my dog in the house. B:Why did he tell you that? A: He said (that) he was afraid to deliver my mail. (Don't play your music so loud! You'r bothering us!) A:I'm a little annoyed with my neighbours. B:How come? A:They told me not to play my music so loud. B: Why did they tell you that? A: They said (that) I was bothering them. 1.my doctor- Lose some weight. You're too heavy! 2.my dentist- Don't eat candy! It's bad for your teeth! 3.my math teacher- Do your homework over! You made too many mistakes. 4. the school bus-driver- Sit down and be quiet! You're disturbing me.! 5.my girlfriend- Don't call me this weekend! I want to be alone 6.my parents- Stop going out with Raymond! You're getting too serious about each other. 7.my boss- Come to work early tomorrow! I need some help and you're the only one who can help me! 8.my landlord- Don't pour grease down the kitchen sink! You're clogging the pipes! 9.my 7-year-old son- Don't kiss me in front of my friends any more! I'm a big boy now. Reading text. A lot of messages Sally was home alone this afternoon while her parents were at work. There were a lot of phone calls and Sally wrote down a lot of messages. Her mother called from the office. Create dialogs based on the following model and information: A: Tell me, have there been any calls? B: Yes, ... called. A: Oh? What did ... say? B: ... said .... Grandma- Grandpa is feeling much better today. / the landlord- I haven't received this month's rent yet. / Uncle Harry- I'll call back later./ the neighbours across the street - We were robbed last night. / the plumber - I won't be able to fix the bathtub today because I'm sick. / Joe's Auto Repair Shop- We fixed the radiator but we've found something wrong with the engine. Home from the navy. Bill serves as a lieutanant in the navy. He returned home last weekend after being at sea for several months. Since she hadn't been in touch with his family for a long time, he was very surprised at all the things that had happened while he was away. He didn't know that his brother had got engaged. He also didn't know that his sister and brother-in-law were going to have a baby. And he was unaware that his father was planning to retire next month. In addition he didn't know there had been a big fire at the high school. He hadn't heard that the dog had had six puppies. And he had no idea that his high school sweetheart had married a movie-star and had moved to Hollywood.A lot of things certainly had changed while Bill was away. The Job Interview. Charles had a job interview a few days ago at the United Insurance Company. The interview lasted almost an hour and Charles had to answer a lot of questions. First, the interviewer asked Charles where he had gone to school. Then he asked if he had had any special training. She asked where he had worked. She also asked whether he was willing to move to another city. She wanted to know if he could work overtime and weekends. She asked him how his health was. She asked him whether he had ever been fired. She wanted to know why he had had four different jobs last year. And finally the interviewer asked the most difficult question. She wanted to know why Charles thought he was more qualified for the position than the other 62 people who had applied. Charles had never been asked so many questions at a job interview before. He doesn't know how well he did but he tried his best. Good advice Margaret had a bad stomachache yesterday afternoon. She called her doctor and asked him what she should do. Her doctor told her to rest in bed. He also told her not to eat too much for dinner. And he told her to call him in the morning if she was still sick. Margaret felt better after speaking with her doctor. She's glad she can always depend on him for good advice. Eric went out on his first date yesterday evening. Before he left the house, he asked his parents if they had any advice. They told him to be polite when he met the girl's mother and father. They also told him not to drive too fast. And they told him not to bring his date home later than 10 o'clock. Eric felt more prepared for his date after speaking to his parents. He's glad he can always depend on them for good advice. Mrs Tanaka's students are going to take the college entrance examination this Saturday and they're very nervous. They asked Mrs Tanaka if she had any helpful advice. She told them to answer the questions carefully. She also told them not to spend too much time on a question that was too difficult. And she told them to get a good night's sleep the night before the examination. Mrs Tanaka's students felt more confident after speaking with her. They're glad they can always depend on her for good advice. Mr and Mrs Pratt are going away on vacation soon and they're concerned because they have been several robberies in their neighborhood recently. They called the police and asked them what they could do to prevent their house from being broken into while they were away. The police told them to lock all the windows and leave on a few lights. They also advised them to ask the neighbours to pick up the mail. And they warned them not to tell too many people that they would be away. Mr and Mrs Pratt felt reassured after speaking with the police. They're glad they can always depend on them for good advice.. The Job Interview. Charles had a job interview a few days ago at the United Insurance Company. The interview lasted almost an hour and Charles had to answer a lot of questions. First, the interviewer asked Charles where he had gone to school. Then he asked if he had had any special training. She asked where he had worked. She also asked whether he was willing to move to another city. She wanted to know if he could work overtime and weekends. She asked him how his health was. She asked him whether he had ever been fired. She wanted to know why he had had different jobs last year. And finally the interviewer asked the most difficult question. She wanted to know why Charles thought he was more qualified for the position than the other 62 people who had applied. Charles had never been asked so many questions at a job interview before. He doesn't know how well he did but he tried his best. Good advice Margaret had a bad stomachache yesterday afternoon. She called her doctor and asked him what she should do. Her doctor told her to rest in bed. He also told her not to eat too much for dinner. And he told her to call him in the morning if she was still sick.Margaret felt better after speaking with her doctor. She's glad she can always depend on him for good advice. Eric went out on his first date yesterday evening. Before he left the house, he asked his parents if they had any advice. They told him to be polite when he met the girl's mother and father. They also told him not to drive too fast. And they told him not to bring his date home later than 10 o'clock. Eric felt more prepared for his date after speaking to his parents. He's glad he can always depend on them for good advice. Mrs Tanaka's students are going to take the college entrance examination this Saturday and they're very nervous. They asked Mrs Tanaka if she had any helpful advice. She told them to answer the questions carefully. She also told them not to spend too much time on a question that was too difficult. And she told them to get a good night's sleep the night before the examination. Mrs Tanaka's students felt more confident after speaking with her. They're glad they can always depend on her for good advice. Mr and Mrs Pratt are going away on vacation soon and they're concerned because they have been several robberies in their neighborhood recently. They called the police and asked them what they could do to prevent their house from being broken into while they were away. The police told them to lock all the windows and leave on a few lights. They also advised them to ask the neighbours to pick up the mail. And they warned them not to tell too many people that they would be away. Mr and Mrs Pratt felt reassured after speaking with the police. They're glad they can always depend on them for good advice.. Tag Quesions; Emphatic Sentences -Verifying / Expressing surprise / Reporting information / Congratulating / Expressing opinions / Expressing agreement/ Writing a personal letter/ Feedback on job performance I. A: This is the bus to the Zoo, isn't it? B: Yes, it is. A: That's what I thought. 1.Neil Armstrong was the first person on the moon, ...? 2. I can skateboard here, ...? 3.Ms Lee will be on vacation next week, ...? 4.It' s going to rain today, ...? 5.We've already seen this film, ...? 6.I'm on time for my interview, ...? 7.You work in the Shipping Department, ...? 8.You locked the front door, ...? 9. You're a famous movie star, ...? II. A: This TV isn't on sale this week, is it? B: No, it isn't. A: That's what I thought. 1.There weren't any computers when you were young, ...? 2.I can't fish here, ...? 3.Mr Martinez won't be in the office tomorrow, ...? 4.You aren't really going swimming, ...? 5.The mail hasn't come yet, ...? 6.I'm not allowed to park here, ...? 7.The children don't use this old wagon anymore, ...? 8.We didn't have a homework assignment yesterday, ...? 9.I haven't taught "tag questions" before, ...? III. A:You like spaghetti, don't you? B: Actually, I don't. A:You DON'T?! I'm really surprised! I was SURE you liked spaghetti! /A: This ride isn't scary, is it? B: Actually, it is. A:It IS?!I'm really surprised!I was SURE this ride wasn't scary! 1.It's going to be a nice day tomorrow, ...? 2.I don't have to wear a jacket and tie here, ...? 3.This building has an elevator, ...? 4.You can swim, ...? 5.The bank hasn't closed yet, ...? 6.I did well on the exam, ...? 7.I'm going to play today, ...? 8.Dolphins can't talk, ...? 9.I wasn't going over 55 miles per hour, ...? 10.We have a spare tyre, ...? 11.You aren't allergic to fish, ...? 12.I'm not a suspect, ...? IV. A: I have some good news. B: What is it? A: My wife and I are celebrating our 50th wedding anniversary tomorrow! B: You ARE? A: Yes, we are. B: I don't believe it! You aren't REALLY celebrating your 50th wedding anniversary tomorrow, are you? A: Yes, it's true. We ARE. B: Well, congratulations! I'm very glad to hear that.// A: I have some good news. B: What is it? A: I just got a big raise! B: You DID?! A: Yes, I did. B: I don't believe it. You didn't REALLY get a big raise, did you? A:Yes, it's true. I DID. B: Well, congratulations! I'm very glad to hear that! 1.I'm going to have a baby! 2.We won the basketball championship! 3. I've been promoted! 4.I can tie my shoes by myself! 5.My son is going to be in the Olympics! 6.I got a perfect score on the SAT test! 7.Steven Spielberg wants me to star in his new movie! 8.I've been invited to perform at the White House! 9.I was interviewed by Time Magazine yesterday! 10. My daughter has been accepted at Harvard University! 11.I've discovered a cure for the common cold! V. A: You know.. the colour blue looks very good on you. B; You're right! The colour blue DOES look very good on me, doesn't it? // A:You know... it isn't a very good day to fly a kite. B: You're right! It ISN'T a very good day to fly a kite, is it? 1....you work too hard. 2...Charlie is a very talented dog. 3...Aunt Betty hasn't called in a long time. 4...you're playing this song too slowly. 5...this milk tastes sour. 6...these hamburgers are overcooked. 7...you have quite a few gray hairs. 8...you've been online for a long time. 9... we really shouldn't be playing frisbee here. 10....Peter looks just like his father. 11...children these days don't dress very neatly. 12...you missed a few spots. 13...Ms Taylor gave us a lot of homework yesterday. 14...I won't be able to play in the game tomorrow. 15...your brother and my sister would make a nice couple. 16...this new toaster doesn't work very well. 17...Howard was a very generous person. Reading. A Broken Engagement. -"Dear John! It's been a long time since I've written to you, hasn't it! I'm sorry it has taken me such a long time to write, but I really don't know where to begin this letter. You see, John, things have been very difficult since you took that job overseas several months ago. It has been very difficult for me to be engaged to somebody who is 4000 miles away, so I've decided that things have got to change. I've decided to move out of my parents' house. I'm going to get my own apartment. I've started dating other guys. I want to break our engagement. And I gave your mother back the ring you had given me. I'm sorry things have to end this way. You DO understand why I must do this, don't you? Sincerely- Jane" -"Dear Jane, I received your letter today and when I opened it I was shocked. I couldn't believe what you had written. You haven't really decided to move out of your parents' house, have you? You aren't really going to get your own apartment, are you? You haven't really started dating other guys, have you? You don't really want to break our engagement, do you? And you didn't really give my mother back the ring I had given you, did you? Please, answer me as soon as possible! Love-John. P.S. You DO still love me, don't you?" -"Dear John, I HAVE decied to move out of my parents' house. I AM going to get my own apartment. I HAVE started dating other guys. I DO want to break our engagement.And I DID give your mother back the ring you had given me. I know this must hurt,but I DO have to be honest with you, don't I?I hope that someday you will understand.Good-bye, Jane. Unfair Accusations "To: Michael Parker From: Ms. Lewis Re; Your performance at work. I'm concerned about your performance at work. You have been working too slowly. You have to get to work late. You took too many vacation days last month. You aren't very polite to the customers. And you don't get along well with the other employees. I'd like to meet with you as soon as possible to discuss this." Michaels's boss, Ms Lewis sent him a memo recently about his performance at work. In the memo, she said he had been working too slowly. She also said that he often got to work late. In addition, she observed that he had taken too many vacation days last month. She also mentioned that he wasn't very polite to the customers. And finally she complained that he didn't get along well with the other employees. When Michael got the memo, he was very upset. He feels that his boss is making unfair accusations. Michael feels that he HASN'T been working too slowly. He also feels thathe DOESN'T often get to work late. In Michael's opinion, he DIDN'T take too many vacation days last month. He thinks he IS very polite to the customers. And he maintains that he DOES get along well with the other employees. Michael realizes that he and his boss see things VERY differentlyl and he plans to speak to her about this as soon as possible. Embedded Questions -Asking for infromation / -Indicating uncertainty / -Referring people to someone else/ Reporting a crime / Reporting a missing person / Returning ad Exchanging defective products I. A: Where is the cheese? B: I don't know where the cheese is. 1.Where are the plane tickets? 2.What was his license number? 3. What are they arguing about? 4. When will the bus from Chicago arrive? 5.Who was the third prime minister of Canada? 6. How long have the Wilsons been married? 7.How long has Alice been working here? 8.Who should I vote for? 9.When is Santa Claus going to come? II. A: When does the movie begin? B: I don't know when the movie begins. 1.Where does Mr Webster work? 2. How much do eggs cost this week? 3.Why did Richard get fired? 4. What time did the plane to Miami leave? 5/How often does the ice-cream truck come by? 6.Where did Mom and Dad get married? 7.What does this word mean? 8.What did we do in class yesterday? 9/Why do young people like such loud music? III. "What is the homework assignment?" A: Do you know what the homework assignment is? B: I'm sorry. I don't know. You should ask Ronald. HE can tell you what the homework assignment is. / "How much does this computer cost? " A:Do you know how much this computer costs? B: I'm sorry. I don't know. You should talk to that salesperson. SHE can tell you how much this computer costs. 1.Where are the restrooms? -ask that security guard 2.When does the train to Boston leave? - check with the ticket agent 3.How did HGrandma sprain her ankle? -ask Grandpa 4.Why was I fired? - talk to the boss 5.When will my car be ready? -check with the mechanic 6.When did the Second World War begin?- ask your sister 7.Whose dog is this? - ask the people next door 8.Why did Roger leave work early today? -talk with the supervisor 9.How long have I been here? -ask your nurse IV. "Is surfing allowed at this beach?" A: Do you know if(=whether) surfing is allowed at this beach? B: I'm not really sure. Why don't you ask the lifeguard? SHE can tell you if(=whether) surfing is allowed at this beach. "Did anybody here find a cell phone?" A:Do you know if (=whether) anybody here found a cell phone? -I'm not really sure. Why don't you ask the cashier? HE can tell you if (=whether) anybody here found a cell phone. 1.Is there going to be a science quizz tomorrow?- A:Do you by any chance know...?- ask Mr Blake 2. Does this bus go all the way to the airport?-A:Could you please tell me...? - ask the bus driver 3.Is talking permitted in the library? - A: Can you tell me...? - check with the librarian 4.Do I have the flu? A:Do you know ...? - speak with Dr. Bell 5.Was Frank fired? A:Do you by any chance know...? -talk to our suoervisor 6.Has the movie begun? A:Do you have any idea...? - ask the usher 7.Are we almost there? A: Do you know...? - speak to the flight attendant 8.Will the train arrive on time? A: Do you by any chance know...? - check with the conductor 9.Did a man with a big bag of money run by here? A:Can you tell me...? - ask those people over there Reading Text: A Surprise Quiz. Mrs Murphy is giving her students a "surprise" history quiz today and Jeffrey isn't very happy about it. He has been absent for the past several days and he' having a lot of trouble answering the questions. He doesn't know who the 19th presedent of the United States was. He isn't sure when the Civil War ended. He doesn't remember when California became a state. He has forgotten where George Washington was born. He can't remember how many people signed the Declaration of Independence. He doesn't know where Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. He has forgotten why Washington, D.C> was chosen as the capital. And he has no idea what Alexander Graham Bell invented! Jeffrey is very upset. He's sure he's going to fail Mrs Murphy's "surprise" history quiz. At the Midtown Medical Clinic. It's a busy afternoon at the Midtown Medical Clinic. Lots of people are sitting in the waiting room and thinking about the questions they're going to ask the doctor. Frank wants to know if he broke his arm. Mrs Wilkins needs to know if she has lost too much weight. Arnold wants to find out whether he should go on a diet. Mrs Parker is wondering whether her children have the measles. Dan is hoping to find out if he'll be able to play in the soccer match next week. Linda is going to ask the doctor whether she has to have her tonsils taken out. Edward expects to find out whether he needs glasses. And Vicky is anxious to know if she's pregnant. Everybody is waiting patiently but they hope they don't have to wait too long. They're all anxious to hear the answers to their questions. Role play "I want to report a missing person" Police Department. Missing Person Information Sheet. 1.What is your name? 2.What is the missing person's name? 3.What is his/ her address? 4.How old is he/ she? 5.How tal is he/ she? 6.How much does he/ she weign? 7.Does this person have any scars, birthmarks, or other special characteristics? 8.Where was he/ she the last time you saw him/ her? 9.What was he/ she wearing at that time? 10.What was he / she doing? 11.What is your relationship to that person? 12.What is your telephone number? A student is your class is missing! Call the police! I want to report a ,missing person! A:Please tell me what your name is. B:... A: And can you tell me what the missing person's name is? B:... A: Can you tell me...? / Do you know...? / Do you have any idea...? / Could you please tell me...? / Do you by any chance know...? / And can you tell me...? Passive Voice; Relative Pronouns -Discussing creative works/ Describing work tasks accomplished / Discussing things that have happened to people / Describing accomplishments/ Securing services/ Auto