台灣大學政治學系中國大陸暨兩岸關係教學與研究中心 「中國學的知識社群」計畫 MEMORY OF BRAZILIAN SYNOLOGY Interview Schedule 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 What follows now is the script of our interviews carried out in Brazil, seeking to gather experiences, impressions and opinions about Sinology in Brazil and its participation in this field. This structure was adapted from the oral interview script – a modality that unfortunately we could not perform at that time for health and logistical reasons, among other reasons. We seek an overview of the personal and educational trajectory; next, what led to the study of China, and from what aspect; finally, some of the academic and personal opinions about Sinology in Brazil and its future. It was not necessary to answer all the questions, but if possible, to form a scenario of the personal trajectory, academic performance and vision of Sinology . We allow for less formal language, telling personal stories and expressing opinions. There was no set size for each answer, you could use as much space as you want. Note: Professor Carlos Francisco Moura, one of the greatest Brazilian scholars in China-Brazil historical relations, wrote a memorial text for this interview, based on the questions presented. André Bueno Prof. adj. Eastern History UERJ/Brazil Coord. Project Orientalism Carlos Francisco Moura I am an Architect graduated from the former National Faculty of Architecture of the University of Brazil, and for a long time I divided my activities between the practice of Architecture and Academic activities. When I retired, I returned to an activity I had never given up on: historical research. The production was great when researching at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, and also in collaboration with the 1 Academia de Marinha (Lisbon). The research carried out and the resulting bibliography resulted in the election to important cultural institutions: Academia Portuguesa da História (Acadêmico de Número), Academia de Marinha, de Lisboa (Acadêmico Efectivo), Academia das Ciências de Lisboa (Brazilian Correspondent), Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brazilian (Foreign Correspondent). 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 I will restrict myself here to studies, many of them pioneering, referring to China. My involvement with the subject began with a research I carried out when I was teaching at the Brazilian Center for Portuguese Studies at the University of Brasília – “The urbanism of Japan in the 17th century, according to João Rodrigues Tçuzzu ”. This famous Portuguese Jesuit (1562-1638) was very young for Japan where he lived for many years and became very knowledgeable about the language and culture of the country, and the culture of China where he also lived after being deported from Japan. The Director of CBEP – Prof. Agostinho da Silva sent me to Portugal to research the presence of the Portuguese in the East, especially in China and Japan. In Portugal, while waiting for a grant from the Gulbenkian Foundation, I stayed in Évora for almost two years , and researched in the city's Public Library and Archive. By recommendation of Prof. Agostinho da Silva, from there I started to correspond with Luís Gonzaga Gomes, then the most important Macanese intellectual, Director of the Luís de Camões Institute, based in that city. The history of the collaboration between us is reported in the book Luís Gonzaga Gomes and a fruitful cultural collaboration: Brazil – Macau – Portugal , published by the International Institute of Macau (Moura, 2014). In Évora I immediately started publishing the research I was carrying out, and also sending it to Macau. 2 After the scholarship was awarded, I moved to Lisbon, where I researched at the National Library, the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, Torre do Tombo and other cultural institutions. I was still in Lisbon, when Prof. Agostinho da Silva decided to return to Portugal, and shortly afterwards the CBEP in Brasília was closed. Therefore, the Luso-Oriental research program cannot proceed as 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 planned. But I decided to continue, on my own and as far as possible, the research started in Évora and Lisbon. With the end of the Gulbenkian scholarship, and another that had been granted to me by the Overseas Scientific Research Board, I returned to Rio de Janeiro, and went to work in Architecture. And, at the same time, I was complementing some researches, and even starting others. I can divide my studies and research on China into two main cycles: the first, ÉVORA/LISBON/MACAU and the second, that of the INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MACAU. The first began in Évora, with research on the foundation, by the Portuguese, of the port of Nagasáki : “ Nagasáki , Portuguese city in Japan” (Lisbon: STVDIA, nº 26, 1969). The first study published in Portugal on the subject, it also resulted in entries for the Dictionary of History of Portugal , by Joel Serrão (1st and 2nd ed.), for the Verbo Enciclopédia Luso-Brasileira , and for the Verbo Enciclopédia Luso-Brasileira de Cultura Século XXI. Research on navigation routes between China and Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries resulted in the following publications: O Primeiro Roteiro de Nagasáki (Évora, 1970), and “Os Roteiros do Japão do Códice Cadaval” (16th century), until then unpublished. We also wrote, for the first time, the biography of “Tristão Vaz da Veiga, Captain-Major of the voyage that opened the port of Nagasáqui in 1571”, which was published in Macau, in 1972, in the Bulletin of the Instituto Luís de Camões. 3 “Macau and Portuguese Trade with China and Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries” was also published, with the subtitle: The Travels of China and Japan, the nau do tracto and the galeotas. It appeared in Macau in 1979, in the Bulletin of the Instituto Luís de Camões. These publications were in honor of the 400th anniversary of the founding of the Japanese port. 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 The study on the foundation of Nagasáqui and the biography of Tristão Vaz da Veiga had second editions in the Bulletin of the Maritime Museum of Macau. Smaller studies were also published: “Chinese settlers in Brazil in the reign of D. João VI” (Boletim do ILC, Macau, 1973); “Relationship between Brazil and Macau in the early 19th century according to the Memoirs of Father Perereca” (ILC Bulletin, Macau, 1973); “Chinese in Rio de Janeiro require a Consul and Interpreter from D. João VI”, manuscript from the National Library of Rio de Janeiro, hitherto unpublished (Boletim do ILC, Macau, 1974); “The City of the Name of God in 1880, seen by a Brazilian” (ILC Bulletin, Macau, 1975). An offshoot of this first cycle occurred some two decades later. Luís Sá Cunha, Director of the Revista de Cultura , from the Macau Institute of Culture, requested our collaboration for a thematic issue that was being prepared on relations with Brazil. I then wrote the article “Relations between Macau and Brazil in the 19th century” (20 p.), which appeared in the three versions in which the Magazine was published: in Portuguese (Macau, RC, 1995); in Chinese and English: “Relations between Macau and Brazil in the 19th century”, Revista de Cultura . Macau: Institute of Culture of Macau, nº 22 (Series II), Jan/Mar, 1995, 20 p. Ill. “ Relations between macao and Brazil in the nineteen Century ” (Macau, Review of Culture , nº 22 (2 nd Series) January / March , 1995, English Edition , p. 32-55, il. Macau (China): Institute of Culture of Macau. 4 “Relations between Macau and Brazil in the 19th century”, Chinese translation of Revista de Cultura , nº 22 (II Series), Jan/Mar, 1995. Macau: Institute of Culture of Macau. 20 p. Ill. pp. 29-41, il. In 2000, the second cycle began: I was invited by Dr. José Lobo do Amaral, vice-president of the International Institute of Macau, to carry out, with Professors Andreia Doré and Anita Correia de Almeida, research on the Macanese of Rio de Janeiro, which resulted in the book Macau 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 Somos Nós: A Mosaico de Memórias dos dos Macaenses of Rio de Janeiro (Macau: IIM, 2001). From there, I carried out a series of research projects that I proposed to the International Institute of Macau, which resulted in the publication of five books. The first was Antonio de Albuquerque Coelho: Mestizo de Camutá , in Grão-Pará, Governor of Macau, Timor and Pate (Macau: International Institute of Macau / Rio de Janeiro: Royal Portuguese Office of Reading, 2009). In this book I also published, for the first time, a facsimile of the very interesting Journey from Goa to Macao in 1717-1718 , described by Velles Guerreyro , in Portuguese, printed in China in 1718 by the Chinese woodcut process. In 2011, the book Liou She-Shun – Plenipotentiary of the Empire of China: Viagem ao Brasil em 1909 was published , a pioneering book on the beginning of diplomatic contacts between China and Brazil, which had two prefaces: one by Prof. Wu Zhiliang , President of the Macau Foundation, another by Prof. Arno Wehling , President of the Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute (Suma Oriental 2 Collection, Macau: International Institute of Macau / Rio de Janeiro: Royal Portuguese Office of Reading, 2011). The book had a second edition, this time in Chinese, translated by Prof. Zhang Minfen , from the University of Shanghai (Macao: Instituto Internacional de Macau, 2013, ISBN: 978-99937-45-65-5). 5 Chinese and tea in Brazil at the beginning of the 19th century 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 (Suma Oriental Collection nº 5. Macau: International Institute of Macau / Rio de Janeiro: Royal Portuguese Office of Reading, Supported by the Macau Foundation, 2012). Luís Gonzaga Gomes: A productive cultural collaboration – Portugal-Macau-Brazil (Mosaico Collection, Macau: International Institute of Macau / Rio de Janeiro: Real Gabinete Português de Leitura, 2014). The book, in addition to chronicling the beginning of studies and research on China and the reciprocal collaboration with the important Macau intellectual of the 20th century, contains the bibliography published to date. Brazilians in the Eastern Extremities of the Empire in the 16th to 19th Centuries (Suma Oriental Collection, no. 7. Macau: International Institute of Macau / Rio de Janeiro: Royal Portuguese Reading Office, 2014). The book is an offshoot of the communication with the same title, presented by us at the Brazil-Portugal Seminar, held from May 2 to 4, 2013 at the Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro. Also from the IIM cycle, is the communication “The Journey of the Paraense Antonio de Albuquerque Coelho from Goa to Macau in 1717-1718” presented at the II Meeting of Portuguese Language Writers: Literature and Lusophony , held in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte , in 2011, in which I participated as a representative of the International Institute of Macau, and was published with the same title in the Annals of that Meeting (Lisbon: UCCLA, 2013). Other works were also published in Cultural magazines. 6 “The project of Brum da Silveira, Macau ombudsman, to send Chinese carpenters to the royal arsenals of Brazil”, appeared in nº 20, v. 10, 2014, of the Navigator magazine , published in Rio de Janeiro by the Board of Historic Heritage and Documentation of the Navy. The publication of books by the Portuguese in China has been addressed by us in writings published in the Revista Portuguesa de 台 灣 大 學 政 治 學 系 中 國 大 陸 暨 兩 岸 關 係 教 學 與 研 究 中 心 História do Livro , especially in the article “Four books published by the Portuguese in China: two in the 16th century, one in the 17th and one in the 18th” ( vol. 43-44, 2019, pp. 403-430). Editora Távola Redonda, Lisbon. Historical summary of research published until 2012 on the Portuguese presence in China and Japan are the object of the article published in the Bibliographic Studies section of the Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro under the title “Portuguese Presence in China (16th-19th centuries) and in Japan (16th-17th century) – Relations between Brazil and Macau in the 16th century. XIX” (vol. 456, pp. 315-328, 2012). ● CBEP – Brazilian Center for Portuguese Studies at the University of Brasília ● IIM – International Institute of Macau ● CR - Magazine of Culture , from Macao ● ILC – Luís de Camões Institute, Macau 7