The transition from severe disciplinary measures (such as kneeling, beating and other types of corporal punishment) to children’s rights was neither short nor smooth. The A. retraces this transition in Slovenia from 1870 – when corporal punishment was, at least officially, banned by legislation on school punishment – to the first decades of the 20th century. Even though punishment actually continued to be experienced on a daily basis by young people, a new attitude begun to spread at the end of the 19th century, in liberal pedagogical journals as well as Catholic ones, which manifested a growing criticism of beatings at school, advising teachers to be careful when handing out punishment, the unacceptability of kneeling in religion classes, and support for teachers who educated through the strength of their personalities, guided by love for children and based on Christ’s teachings.

В данной статье дается краткая характеристика журнала и обзор историографии о нем.

To link: Новоселова С.А. Журнал «Старые годы» (1907-1916) как исторический источник // Состояние и перспективы социально-экономического развития Северо-Запада России: Тезисы докладов 11-й научной межвузовской конференции аспирантов и студентов, посвященной 300-летию взятия Выборга войсками Петра I и 65-летию Победы в Великой отечественной войне (27-28 апреля 2010 года). Выборг, 2010. С.159-164.
Key words: old magazines, art, Veiner, heritage

During the German Occupation of France (1940-44), Spanish poetry translated in French thrived (since Spain was tacitly an ally to the Nazi regime, its literature was not then concerned by censorship), in particular F. García Lorca’s works. We will question the reasons of Lorca’s prominence during the Occupation and investigate the networks and editorial supports which contributed to its popularity (in France as well as in the Colonial Empire). Finally we will turn our attention towards the translators and the critics, and the onset of a comparative approach of translation in times of war.

Az 1925 és 1927 közötti rövid, átmeneti időszak meghatározó volt a magyar avantgárd történetében. Számos avantgárd művész vállalt szerepet az 1919-es Tanácsköztársaságban, akiknek, miközben a kommunista vezetéssel is konfliktusba kerültek, a rezsim bukása után emigrációba kellett vonulniuk az ellenforradalmi rendszer megtorlásai
elől. A húszas évek közepén több, a nemzetközi avantgárd  laphálózathoz és intézményekhez kapcsolódó emigráns szereplő célja volt, hogy hazatérjen és alakítsa a magyarországi irodalmi és művészeti életet. Ez a törekvés a 20. századi magyar kultúrtörténet egyik ambiciózus kísérlete volt, amelynek során a hazatérő radikális értelmiségiek megpróbáltak azokból a tapasztalataikból építkezni, amelyeket az ezekben az években létrejött és világszerte nagy hatást gyakorló műhelyek – mint a weimari Bauhaus, a párizsi és berlini dada, a formálódó szürrealizmus, vagy éppen a nemzetközi konstruktivizmus
egyik meghatározó fóruma, a bécsi Ma folyóirat – körül szereztek.

This unique volume addresses the journalistic, economic, and cultural/historical changes that have spawned the magazines of today. Specifically, it analyses the major transformation of the American consumer magazine during the 1960s: the decline of many large mass-market, general-interest publications and the emergence of a wide variety of smaller special-interest magazines focused on specific leisure and recreational subjects and aimed at specialized audiences. Like all communications media, magazines are not only selfcontained artifaccts, but important products and catalysts of the social and economic realities of their times. Thus, the study uses not only established methods of historical research, but original analyses of the contemporary magazine form itself. In addition to the broader sociocultural context, the book examines the internal economic changes affecting the magazine industry, for example, competition from television, apparent mismanagement in the industry, the effect of new publishing technology, and the major shift in national advertising.

Tobolsk governor V.A. Artsimovich (1854-1858) played a significant role in publishing of the first newspaper in Siberia «Tobolsk provincial sheets» in 1857. Though his management of the newspaper was short (less than a year), newspaper’s informal part gained educational character (and further, these features were preserved). Authors and correspondents came from educated part of officials, teachers and priests. Future ideologist of «oblastnichestvo» (Siberian regionalism), G.N. Potanin, began his literary career in informal part of «Tobolsk provincial sheets». He sent his 13 articles from Omsk and received an honorarium (which was not common for provincial sheets). New Tobolsk governor A.V. Vinogradsky (1859-1862) had more conservative views therefore the number of publications and authors decreased. At the beginning of A.I. Despot-Zenovich’s govemorate (1862-1867), the informal part of «Tobolsk provincial sheets» was used for strengthening of personal authority of the governor and for open discussion of some parts of local life. In 1863— 1864, Tyumen merchant N.M. Chukmaldin who did not fall under a typical image of "the Siberian merchant Kondrat" was published in «Tobolsk provincial sheets» (with the governor’s permission). N.M. Chukmaldin's articles were written in a feuilleton genre and devot¬ed the topics of economy, self-government and education in Tobolsk. A.I. Despot-Zenovich petitioned before the Ministry of Internal Affairs for extension of the program of informal part. The program was expanded, nevertheless many of genres and subjects, that were touched upon in provincial sheets, were beyond the scope. It led to the censorial warning in 1864 and polemic articles were not pub¬lished anymore. Chronology of «Tobolsk provincial sheets» is based on the mixed characteristics - activity of governors and editors. Period of V.A. Artsimovich’s governorship (1857-1858) and period of I.N. Yushkov’s editorship (1859-1870). Archival sources and articles allow to claim that role of governors and editors in «rise» and «decline» of the newspaper was conditional. For example, I.N. Yushkov was appointed the editor by conservative governor A.V. Vinogradsky. When A.I. Despot-Zenoviche was a governor he used «Tobolsk provincial sheets» as an official mouthpiece only in 1863-1864 till the censorial warning from Petersburg.

У фондах НПГКМЗ  прадстаўлена  160 адзінак перыяд
Вялікай айчыннай вайны. З іх толькі 6 – навукова-дапаможнага фонда, а астатнія - асноўнага фонду захоўвання. Частка газет знаходзіцца ў экспазіцыі музеяў запаведніка: МБК-3,
МТМ-8, МБС-4. Большасць газет , якія складаюць дадзены
каталог, уваходзяць у калекцыю А.Л. Матусевіча (41 адз.).
Значную частку, у асноўным нашых полацкіх газет, перадалі
ўдзельнік Вялікай Айчыннай вайны, настаўнік, краязнаўца,
пісьменнік Маніс М.А. (16), ганаровы грамадзянін горада
Полацка Сіманоўскі Н.Ф. (19), карэспандэнт газеты «Сцяг
камунізму» Ясюкевіч Л.І. (11). Газеты гэтага перыяду павінны
стаць важнай крыніцай па вывучэнні гісторыі Полаччыны і ўсёй
краіны падчас Вялікай Айчыннай вайны.

Воднева, І.П.  Газеты ў фондах НПГКМЗ. 1941-1945 гг. / І.П. Воднева // Матэрыялы навукова-практычнай канферэнцыі (па выніках навукова-даследчай работы ў 2005 г.) — Полацк: НПГКМЗ, 2006. — С. 82-130.

Published after two international conferences dedicated to the issue of the relation between mediums and architecture, this work examines the productive forces behind the architectural discourse between the 1960's and the 1980's. Observing the roles of Alvin Boyarsky, Charles Moore, Ettore Sottsass et Alessandro Mendini, Reima Pietilä, Peter Eisenman, and others in exhibitions and journals, this publication shows how the aforementioned were able to shape the architectural discourse and production of their time by using magazines and exhibitions as privileged spaces for the fabrication of postmodern architecture.

Editors: Véronique Patteeuw, Léa-Catherine Szacka

Authors: Berry Bergdoll, Eva Branscome, Stephanie Dadour, Irina Davidovici, Daniela Fabricius, Kim Foerster, Elisabeth Keslacy, Michael Kubo, Andrew Leach, Igor Marjanovic, Sylvia Micheli, Patricia Morton, Véronique Patteeuw, Eeva-Liisa Pelkonen, Léa-Catherine Szacka.

Special collections are a priceless heritage of mankind and preserving those collections of intellectual and cultural heritage become not only an academic commitment but also the moral responsibility of librarians. As the Library of Eastern University is the heart of the University, it plays a major role in providing resources and services not only for the staff and students but to the community as well. Therefore, this study focuses on special collections of the Eastern University library and the objectives of the study are to explore how to conserve and preserve those collections and identify the challenges during the processes. The data was collected through observation and content analysis. It was found that, the Library of Eastern University is enriched with valuable, unique and rare collections. It includes Ceylon collections, Batticaloa collections and Eastern University Sri Lanka collections, (EUSL) manuscripts, antique collections, wooden collections and periodicals. It was recommended that the special collections should be conserved andpreserved through maintaining suitable environmental conditions, harmless chemical treatments and efficient use of human resources.The study concluded that the library of Eastern University has immense collections on the cultural and historical heritage of the Eastern region as well as at national. It maintains and sustains these historical and cultural records cultural heritage through the conservation and preservation practices for the benefit of the both present and future.

In der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts ist der Kikeriki eines der auflagenstärksten Satireblätter Wiens. Von 1861 bis 1874 verwendet das Journal 16 verschiedene Titelköpfe und hebt sich damit merklich von der Konkurrenz ab. Setzt diese auf Kontinuität und Wiedererkennbarkeit, nutzt der Kikeriki den Titelkopf als Bühne für das Publikations-Maskottchen. Hier präsentiert es sich und seine Intentionen – mithin die der Redaktion, allen voran jene des Gründers O.F. Berg (d.i. Ottokar Franz Ebersberg), der als Bühnenautor und langjähriger Journalherausgeber mit lauter Stimme am Wiener Kultur- und Politikdiskurs teilnimmt. Der Kikeriki dient ihm als Sprachrohr, die Titelfigur als Schauspieler und Alter Ego. Die kommunikative und ästhetische Funktion der Bilder geht dabei weit über eine bloße Rahmung hinaus.
Erstmals werden hier die 25 zwischen 1861 und 1933 verwendeten Titelköpfe des Kikeriki philologisch erfasst, einzeln beschrieben, kommentiert und im Vergleich mit Konkurrenzjournalen im kulturhistorischen Kontext verortet. Sie erscheinen als Capriccios mit eigenem ästhetischem Wert, eingebettet in eine sich wandelnde Selbstdarstellungsstrategie des Journals. Den Titelköpfen des Kikeriki-Anzeigers ist ein eigener Abschnitt gewidmet. Seine häufigen Titelkopfwechsel machen den Kikeriki zu einem journalmedialen Ausnahmefall, der besondere Aufmerksamkeit rechtfertigt. Gleichzeitig versteht sich das vorliegende Heft auch als Einladung zur Titelkopfphilologie.

The underground magazines of the seventies were innovative, provocative and often made with limited resources. In the second half of the 20th century, they represented a fertile laboratory for experimenting. They came about in the wake of the 1968 protests, fostered by the common drive for a sort of revolt, and seemed to anticipate some of the trends that would fully develop with the advent of the digital era: from an innovative definition of the boundaries of the public sphere to a more original structure of hierarchies between producers and consumers.
A rich and multifaceted array of experiences paying particular attention to the renovation called for by a number of social stakeholders – from the fierce, second-generation feminism to the most extreme fringes of extra-parliamentary political action – is here explored by scholars from different fields of study through the analysis of the single cases and/or specific genres.
Such an array has inevitably drawn the renewed attention of periodical studies: indeed, while it should be said that such a period was short lived, the results it produced, the traces and the problematic legacy it left are now to be found in the ambitious, perhaps utopian project of a shared, polyphonic culture, fuelled by constant dialectics between the one and the many.

The study followed a four-phase design. In Phase I an exhaustive search was conducted for all English language coaching research published in journals from 1970 to 2001. In Phase II, copies of the research were obtained. An expert panel conducted a manual search and a review in Phase III to address validity. Analysis of the research was completed in Phase IV (Culver, Gilbert, & Trudel, 2003; Silverman & Skonie, 1997). Over 1,100 articles were reviewed, and 610 met the inclusion criteria. Selected findings include: (a) a relatively low mean spread across many journals, (b) a focus on coaching behavior using quantitative methodologies, and (c) a primary emphasis on team sports in school contexts.

La plupart des textes de Roland Barthes sont le produit d’une commande – amicale, événementielle ou éditoriale. L’inscription dans un genre ou l’investissement d’un mode d’écriture s’appuie donc sur une situation de communication dont les paramètres sont bien déterminés et qui est elle- même guidée par une demande préalable, de sorte que dispositif générique et horizon d’attente s’entre-déterminent. Plus encore, les commandes passées à Barthes, avant d’être des livres, prennent souvent la forme d’articles dans des périodiques. Ce constat rappelle la dimension intrinsèquement circonstancielle de l’écriture barthésienne, propice à la relation d’actualité. L'article examine dans quelle mesure la pratique de la chronique peut rendre compte du cheminement de pensée et d’écriture de Barthes. Il apparaît que c’est l’ensemble d’un parcours intellectuel et professionnel qui peut ainsi être passé en revue(s).

This essay recommends a revised framework for approaching periodicals by putting the Bay Area Dadaists’ 1970s “Dadazines” into
dialogue with San Francisco punk zines, and by linking these periodicals
with each group’s performances. For these artists and for punks, zines offered a shared, cheap, quick means of expression and communication. Their zines also show that periodicals have the potential to be dynamic sites, like performances, that foster cross-fertilization and interaction and productively hold in tension materiality and ephemerality, mediation and liveness. Indeed, we can understand them as performances in their own right.

This article summarizes the major categories of ethical violations encountered during submission, review, and publication of scientific articles. We discuss data fabrication and falsification, plagiarism, redundant and duplicate publication, conflict of interest, authorship, animal and human welfare, and reviewer responsibility. In each section, pertinent historical background and citation of relevant regulations and statutes are provided. Furthermore, a specific case(s) derived from actual situations is(are) presented. These cases were chosen to highlight the complexities that investigators and journals must face when dealing with ethical issues. A series of discussion questions follow each case. It is our hope that by increasing education and awareness of ethical matters relevant to scientific investigation and publication, deviations from appropriate conduct will be reduced.

Recognizing the importance of geography instruct on, this packet was designed to provide sources of materials and information to aid the classroom teacher in preparing geography lessons. Global geography and map skills are emphasized. Materials included in the listings are: (1) professional organizations; (2) journals and newletters; (3) ERIC documents; (4) textbooks; (5) atlases; (6) computer software; (7) audio visual materials; and (8) teacher resources. (SW

Обобщены признанные отечественными источниковедами свойства периодической печати как исторического источника, сформулированы недостатки такого подхода и предложения по их преодолению.
  Ключевые слова: периодическая печать, исторический источник, классификация исторических источников, источниковедческая критика. 
  The recognized by the domestic specialists on source study features of periodicals as the historical sources are generalized, the shortcomings of this approach and the offers on their overcoming are formulated.
  Keywords: periodicals, historical source, classification of historical sources, source criticism.

Περίληψη Το άρθρο παρουσιάζει το Ηλεκτρονικό Ευρετήριο Ελληνικών Επιστημονικών Περιοδικών Εκδόσεων (ΗΕΕΕΠΕ), το οποίο αναπτύχθηκε στο πλαίσιο της πράξης «Προηγμένες Κεντρικές Υπηρεσίες Ψηφιακών Βιβλιοθηκών Ανοικτής Πρό-σβασης ΣΕΑΒ», και συγκεκριμένα τις ενέργειες που ολοκληρώθηκαν στο πλαίσιο της αυτεπιστασίας του έργου. Σκοπός του ΗΕΕΕΠΕ είναι να συγκεντρώσει και να καταγράψει βιβλιογραφικές πληροφορίες για τα άρθρα που περιέχονται στα ελληνικά επιστημονικά περιοδικά, διευκολύνοντας την αναζήτηση της ελληνικής επιστημονικής βιβλιογραφίας και τον εντοπισμό του υλικού που περιλαμβάνεται στις ελληνικές επιστημονικές δημοσιεύσεις. Η πύλη που δημιουργήθηκε αποτελεί τον κεντρικό κόμβο σύνδεσης με τις παρεχόμενες υπηρεσίες και σχετικές πηγές. Προσφέρει πρόσβαση στον κατάλογο των ευρετηριασμένων άρθρων, σε έναν ενημερωμένο κατάλογο περίπου 500 τρεχόντων ελληνικών περιοδικών και στο wiki της υπηρεσίας που αναφέρεται σε θέματα ευρετηρίασης και θεματικής πρόσβασης. Το σύστημα προσφέρει απλή και σύνθετη αναζήτηση, αναζήτηση με βάση τον τίτλο του περιοδικού, τον συγγραφέα, το θέμα και το ISSN του περιοδικού και άλλους περιορισμούς. Επίσης, παρέχει σχετική βοήθεια προς τους χρήστες μέσω εγχειριδίων και ηλεκτρονικής επικοινωνίας και εκμεταλλεύεται τα κοινωνικά μέσα δικτύωσης. Abstract The article presents the Online Index to Greek Scholarly Journals which was developed as part of the project " Advanced Central Services of HEAL-Link's Open Access Digital Libraries ". The Index analyses the contents of Greek scientific journals in all fields and disciplines, facilitating searching and retrieval of valuable information. A portal was created to provide access to all relevant content, sources and services: the indexed articles, an up-to-date catalogue of approximately 500 current Greek journals, and a wiki covering subject indexing and related topics. The system provides a variety of search options, user guides and online communication tools.

Our study investigated factors that influence attitudes toward cosmetic surgery in middle-aged women. A sample of 108 women, aged between 35 and 55 years, completed questionnaire measures of body dissatisfaction, appearance investment, aging anxiety, media exposure (television and magazine), and attitudes toward cosmetic surgery (delineated in terms of general attitudes, social motivations, and actual consideration). Body dissatisfaction, appearance investment, aging anxiety, and both media variables predicted some facet of attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. Specifically, appearance investment, aging anxiety, and television exposure were unique predictors of endorsement of social motivations for cosmetic surgery, whereas body dissatisfaction, appearance investment, and television exposure were unique predictors of actual consideration of cosmetic surgery. Regression analysis revealed that the effects of media on cosmetic surgery attitudes were primarily direct. We concluded that there are multiple influences on attitudes toward cosmetic surgery for women of middle age.

The structure of the pre-revolutionary Jewish press, consisted of three clusters in Yiddish, Hebrew, and also Russian, is considered in the article. We can see the internal unity between these three clusters. There was an internal unity between them, expressed in common authors’ and editors’ teams, general subject of publications, cross references and reciprocal advertisements. Similar contacts can be seen between the Jewish and All-Russian press. This suggests that the Jewish press was an integrated part of the Russian press.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of social comparison processing in women's responses to thin idealized images. In particular, it was predicted that comparison with the images on the basis of appearance would lead to more negative outcomes than comparison on the basis of intelligence. A sample of 114 women viewed fashion magazine advertisements featuring thin and attractive models under one of three instructional set conditions: control, appearance comparison, and intelligence comparison instructions. We found that both comparison instructional set conditions led to decreased mood relative to the control condition, but they had no effect on subsequent body dissatisfaction. However, regression analyses indicated that the form of processing in which individuals (irrespective of experimental condition) actually engaged was crucial. In particular, both appearance comparison processing (positively) and intelligence comparison processing (negatively) were associated with increased body dissatisfaction. In addition, poorer recall of both products and their brand names was associated with a greater impact of the media images on mood and body dissatisfaction. We concluded that the dimensions on which social comparison takes place are critical in women's response to media-portrayed thin ideal images, with comparisons on the basis of intelligence or education associated with more positive reactions. More generally, the results offer strong support to appearance social comparison as the mechanism by which idealized media images translate into body dissatisfaction for many women.

Im Anschluß an die aktuelle Realismusforschung arbeitet der vorliegende Band die zentrale Bedeutung des medialen Publikationskontextes der Literatur des Realismus im 19. Jahrhundert in den Familienzeitschriften der Zeit heraus. Vor diesem Hintergrund erweist sich Realismus seit der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts weniger als möglichst detailgetreue (Re-)Konstruktion einer (zugleich idealisierten, poetisierten) Wirklichkeit, sondern als »medialer Realismus«, der die medialen Voraussetzungen, die sozialen Implikationen und ethischen Imperative von (massenmedialen) Realitätskonstruktionen selbstreflexiv thematisiert. Entsprechend versucht der Band das vielfältige, produktive Wechselverhältnis von Medien und Realismus systematisch für eine Neudiskussion des Realismus – vom poetischen/bürgerlichen Realismus über den dokumentarischen Realismus bis zu den neuen Realismen der Gegenwartsliteratur – fruchtbar zu machen.

The proliferation of print in mid nineteenth century Bengal witnessed several self-reflexive exercises in writing that tried to capture the incongruence between the colonial administration and indigenous everyday lives. Hutom Pyanchar Naksha (or The Observant Owl) written by Kaliprasanna Sinha (1862) is possibly the closest representation in print of such incongruities. This article focuses on the text of Hutom in relation to visual representations and reports by the colonial administration in contemporary English newspapers like The Hindoo Patriot, The Bengal Harkaru and others. In doing so, it will highlight the sensory world of colonial Calcutta that is so vividly captured in Hutom.

La antropología española del último tercio del siglo XIX a través de las revistas culturales de la época • Señalemos, por último, que la importancia de estas revistas, sobre todo de las tres principales, ha sido apreciada y resaltada en la mayor parte de las 4 Juan LóPEZ MORILLAS, El krausismo español (México: FCE, 1956), 9. s Iris M. ZAVALA, op. cit., 188. 6 LóPEz MORILLAS, op. cit., 190. 7 También se ha revisado la Revista Internacional, propiedad de los mismos editores de La España Moderna, que acaba refundiéndose en ésta tras un año de vida (1894). Los artículos que publica no interesan en nuestro trabajo.

Tulisan pengantar ini bermaksud merangkai konteks-konteks yang mengiringi kemungkinan pembacaan atas pemikiran dan sosok Oei Sian Yok, Pembantu Seni Lukis Kita. Pada bagian Situs saya memaparkan sejarah singkat dan karakter majalah Star Weekly tempat Pembantu Seni Lukis Kita hadir secara reguler. Pada bagian Wacana, saya mencoba menempatkan pandangannya tentang seni, seniman, dan sejarah seni yang berinteraksi dalam medan pergulatan wacana kebudayaan selama periode 1950-an – 1960-an. Terakhir, pada bagian Sosok saya menceritakan kembali momen-momen terhubungnya jaringan keingintahuan-pengetahuan dan potongan narasi ingatan yang memungkinkan kita merekonstruksi sosok Oei Sian Yok dalam ketidakutuhannya.

Oei Sian Yok lahir di Magelang pada 1926. Ia belajar seni di Balai Pendidikan Universiter Guru Gambar di bawah Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknik Universitas Indonesia, Bandung (1949- 1953), kemudian melanjutkan studi sejarah seni di Belanda. Sepulangnya ke Jakarta tahun 1956, ia mulai bekerja menulis sebagai “Pembantu
Seni Lukis Kita” untuk majalah Star Weekly sampai majalah ini dibredel pemerintah pada 1961. Setelahnya meninggalkan dunia kritik
seni ia lantas mengerjakan banyak hal, antara lain menjual kerajinan tangan buatannya dan membuka biro periklanan di rumahnya. Pasca tragedi 1965 dan akibat tekanan politik rasial Orde Baru, Oei Sian Yok mengganti namanya menjadi Eugenie Darmawinata. Ia meninggal dunia di Jakarta pada 2002.

Kontak saya untuk mendapatkan versi utuh buku ini.

სამეცნიერო სივრცეში ავტორთა დიფერენცირება/რანჟირება ხორციელდება მათ მიერ მეცნიერების ამა თუ იმ სფეროში შეტანილი წვლილის, განხორციელებული გავლენის მიხედვით. გავლენა, რომელსაც ახორციელებს ესა თუ ის ტექსტი იზომება იმის მიხედვით, თუ რამდენად ხვდება ეს ტექსტი სხვა მეცნიერთა მიერ წარმოებულ კვლევებში, რაც ვლინდება განხორციელებულ მითითებებში (ციტირებებში). ის თუ როდის, ვის მიერ და რომელ ტექსტშია გამოყენებული სხვა ავტორთა ნააზრევი, დღევანდელ სამეცნიერო სივრცეში დგინდება ე.წ. პროგრამული უზრუნველყოფის მეშვეობით, რაც, გამოყენებათა რაოდენობის სისტემურ, თვისობრივ და რაოდენობრივ აღრიცხვას გულისხმობს. წარმოდგენილ სტატიაში საუბარი მექნება იმ პრობლემურ საკითხზე, რომელსაც აწყდებიან ავტორები, რომლებიც ტექსტებს ქართულ ენაზე წერენ და გამოსცემენ საქართველოში არსებულ პერიოდულ გამოცემებში. ყველაზე პოპულარული (ხშირად მითითებადი) ტექსტები/ავტორები მაინც ვერ ხვდებიან პროგრამული უზრუნველყოფის ალგორითმის აღქმად არეალში, რაც წარმოქმნის დისბალანსს, რეალურად ტექსტის სხვა ავტორთა მიერ გამოყენების რაოდენობასა და ალგორითმის მიერ აღქმულ რაოდენობას შორის. ნაშრომში განხილულია არსებული პრობლემის საფუძვლები და შემოთავაზებულია გადაჭრის გზები, როგორც ავტორთათვის, ასევე გამომცემლებისათვის.

Este trabalho é uma análise baumaniana de 19 manchetes de jornais brasileiros publicados no mês de abril do ano de 1964. O corpus da pesquisa qualitativa foi obtido pela pesquisa quantitativa realizada pelo pesquisador Mário Magalhães, que já havia selecionado preliminarmente as capas que considerou como apoiadoras (16) ou como legalistas (3). A
presente análise partiu da articulação teórica do sociólogo Zygmunt Bauman, que distingue liberdade de segurança: pois a liberdade implica a satisfação das próprias vontades de um indivíduo, o que nem sempre vai coincidir com as normas sociais - e a vida em sociedade torna mais facilitada à sobrevivência material. Em que medida as manchetes optam com mais ênfase por uma ou por outra? Algumas são palavras como "paz" ou "rebelião" (que remetem à segurança) e outras utilizam palavras como "empossar", "sublevação" (que remetem  explícitas e utilizam à liberdade). Assim, é ressignificada a justiça da própria lei escrita.

Periodická tlač, predovšetkým noviny a časopisy, bola od počiatku
svojej existencie odrazom a výrazom doby, v ktorej vychádzala. Inak
tomu nie je ani v súčasnosti. Napriek skutočnosti, že podmienky, za
akých sa žurnalistika a periodická tlač zrodila, a v akých sa vyvíjala,
sa za takmer štyristo rokov jej jestvovania radikálne zmenili, poslaním
žurnalistiky a jej produktov je aj naďalej informovať čitateľov o aktuálnom
spoločenskom dianí prostredníctvom novinárskych prejavov, ktorých
sú nositeľmi. Kým do konca 20. storočia patrilo tlači ako masovému
médiu výsostné miesto v sprostredkúvaní informácií o aktuálnom
dianí verejnosti (spravodajstvo a publicistika), výdobytky vedeckého
(a častokrát aj nevedeckého či inak motivovaného) bádania jej priniesli
konkurentov: najskôr v podobe fotografi e (ktorá sa postupne dostala aj
na stránky novín a časopisov), fi lmu, rozhlasu, televízie a v súčasnosti
aj internetu. Spektrum médií, ktoré sa stali nositeľmi žurnalistiky
a jej výtvorov, sa tak zreteľne rozšírilo. Konkurencia elektronických
médií spôsobila, že periodická tlač prišla o početnú skupinu svojich
priaznivcov, o ktorých musí bojovať ešte aj dnes. Tlačový trh, a to tak na
Slovensku ako aj v zahraničí, sa v súčasnosti musí vyrovnávať s mnohými
problémami predovšetkým ekonomického charakteru, keďže vydávanie
novín vždy bolo a bude otázkou fi nančných prostriedkov. Pod krízu
periodickej tlače sa podpísali najmä úbytok čitateľov a zníženie príjmov
z inzercie, keďže fi rmy v dôsledku hospodárskej a fi nančnej krízy začali
obmedzovať výdavky na marketingové a reklamné aktivity. Nárast
informačnej ponuky, predovšetkým internetového spravodajstva,
spôsobil, že dnes sa tradičné tlačené noviny čítajú menej ako kedykoľvek
predtým. Vydavateľstvá a redakcie musia pružne reagovať na meniace
sa podmienky na trhu ako aj preferencie čitateľov, pokiaľ ide o obsah
novín, jeho stvárnenie i prezentáciu.

»C'est Paris tout entier qui tient dans ces pages, l'immense ville, non pas immobile et froide, mais vivante, saisie sous ses aspects innombrables, avec sa physionomie, son mouvement et son atmosphère«, 1 so formulieren die Verleger den Anspruch von Paris instantané, einem an der Wende zum 20. Jahrhundert erschienenen Lieferungswerk. Doch was motiviert die Werbung zu dem vollmundigen Versprechen, dass auf diesen Seiten ganz Paris seinen Platz finde? Immerhin handelt es sich, wie der Werbetext selbst hervorhebt, um eine riesige Stadt, die sich selbst von der Vielzahl der in dem Band versammelten Fotografien allenfalls in Ausschnitten einfangen lässt. Auch noch als Reklame muss die Aussage für die Zeitgenossen eine gewisse Sinnhaftigkeit beanspruchen, um das Produkt überzeugend anzupreisen. Die Tragfähigkeit des Versprechens wird, so die meinem Aufsatz zugrundeliegende These, durch die Medien sichergestellt, die in Paris instantané zusammenkommen: die Momentfotografie einerseits, die serielle Publikation des Lieferungswerks andererseits. In einer medienwissenschaftlichen Betrachtung möchte dieser Beitrag exemplarisch zeigen, wie Medienspezifik an der Formung eines jeweils spezifischen Bildes der Stadt beteiligt ist. In diesem Zusammenhang werden Medien nicht als unwandelbare, durch ihre Technik ontologisch fixierte Gegebenheiten vorausgesetzt, sondern als dynamischer Möglichkeitshorizont medialer Formbildung, dessen Grenze sich in kontinuierlichem Wandel befindet. Jede Aktualisierung einer medialen Form gewinnt ihren Sinn vor dem Hintergrund des Mediums, umgekehrt arbeitet jeder Gebrauch eines Mediums zugleich an dessen fortlaufender Konstituierung mit, insofern er sich auf die gegebenen Voraussetzungen bezieht, diese affirmiert oder modifiziert. In diesem Sinn gilt es nicht, durch die mediale Form das Wesen des Mediums, was auch immer das sein könnte, zu ergründen, sondern der Begegnung der Fotografie mit einem periodischen Printmedium in einer historisch spezifischen kulturellen

В этой статье  с использованием короткого экскурса исследована роль периодического фонда Национальной библиотеки Азербайджана имени М.Ф.Ахундова в развитии Азербайджанской культуры и науки в период 85 летней деятельности.
In this article, using a short digression, the role of the periodical fund of the Azerbaijan National Library named after M.F.Akhundov in the development of Azerbaijan culture and science during the period of 85 years of activity has been studied.

This article elaborates on the role of the periodical fund of the National Library named after M.F.Akhundov in the development of the Azerbaijani culture and science through a short survey of the funding history. The main goal of this article is to create a comprehensive historical scene of the periodical fund of this library which was established in the first half of the XX century and to determine its function vis-a-vis the scientific idea of national librarianship.