Overview
Water moves from the earth's surface to the atmosphere and then returns to the surface. However, the actual path water may take in its cycle is far more complicated. The students will discover more of these cycles by acting as water molecules and traveling through parts of the overall water cycle.
| TOTAL TIME | 20 minutes |
|---|---|
| SUPPLIES | A die for each student or each pair of students (or some device where a random number from 1 through 6 can be generated). |
| PRINTED/AV MATERIAL | Station cards (8 mb) for each station in the water cycle (print two-sided). Large labels (13 mb) for each station. Water cycle worksheet (for each student). |
| TEACHER PREPARATION | Before the exercise, print the front and back sides of each station card on its own sheet. Cut out each of the six cards for each station. Around the classroom, select locations to represent different stations in the water cycle. Place the large labels and numbered cards (1-6), picture side up, at each station. |
| SAFETY FOCUS | Flash Flood Safety |
Procedure
- Distribute a die to each student or pair of students (or distribute dice at each station). Distribute a worksheet for each student.
- Pre-station the students to different portions of the water cycle by:
- Placing one-half of students at the 'Oceans' station.
- Evenly spreading the remaining students across the other stations except for the 'plants' station.
- Have each student circle their starting location on their worksheet.
- Each student is to roll their die.
- Based upon the number rolled, the student turns that number card over to determine their progress in the water cycle.
- If told to move, draw an arrow on their worksheet from their current position to the station indicated by the card. Label that arrowhead with a number one (1). The student then moves to their new location.
- If told to stay at their current position, have the students place a number one (1) inside their drawn circle.
- Each student is to roll their die again.
- If told to move, on their worksheet, draw an arrow from their current location to their new position. Label that arrowhead with a number one (2). The student then moves to their new location.
- If told to stay at their current position, have the students write a number two (2) at their current location.
- Repeat the "die roll and move" procedure up to a total of ten (10) times.
Discussion
Most students should have traveled to several stations and have completed some sort of a cycle. Some students may have traveled through most of the water cycle while others have moved very little. There also may be a student or two who remained in the ocean through all ten turns.
While this exercise is to be somewhat realistic, in actuality it is far more complicated to leave the ocean via evaporation due to the fact that nearly all of the earth's water is confined to the oceans. To truly represent the water cycle we would need approximately 100,000 people located at each station as seen in the table (right).
Not only would there be over 97,000 people who represented the ocean, it would take close to 3,600 rolls of the die before just one person would move to the atmosphere station via evaporation.
This exercise also does not take into consideration human and animal interactions with the water cycle. The water humans and animals consume is stored and then eventually eliminated or it evaporates (via perspiration).
| Water Source | Total Water (%) |
Number of people |
|---|---|---|
| Oceans | 97.24 | 97,240 |
| Glaciers & Snows | 2.14 | 2,140 |
| Aquifers | 0.61 | 610 |
| Rivers & Lakes | 0.017 | 17 |
| Ground | 0.005 | 5 |
| Atmosphere (w/clouds) | 0.001 | 1 |
| Plants | 0 | 0 |
Building a Weather-Ready Nation
Flash floods are the deadliest natural disaster in the world. They are usually caused by thunderstorms that stay over one area for a long time and produce heavy rain over a small area.
Hilly and mountainous areas are especially vulnerable to flash floods, because steep terrain and narrow canyons funnel heavy rain into small creeks and dry ravines, turning them into raging walls of water. Even on the prairie, normally-dry low spots can fill with rushing water during heavy rain.
When traveling or outdoors:
- Research the area you are visiting to find out if it is near a flood prone area.
- Take a NOAA Weather Radio with you wherever you go. These radios will alert you to floods and other hazards.
- Check the weather forecast before a trip or outdoor activity. Postpone your plans if flooding thunderstorms or other severe weather is forecast.
- Choose campsites AWAY from creeks and other low-lying areas.
- Be especially cautious at night, when dangerous rising water is more difficult to detect.
- Seek sources for obtaining local warning information such as from your phone, TV, or the NOAA Weather Radio.