Intrinsic Elements of Literary Prose (Short Story and Novel) Intrinsic elements are the elements that build

up in the literary works of literature itself. The purpose of the entry of such elements or parts of the literary work itself. In general, the intrinsic elements of literary works include the theme, plot, characterizations, setting, tension and padahan, the atmosphere, the central narrative, and style. 1. Theme The theme is the basic story that dominated the subject matter of a literary work (suharianto). The theme was the starting point in compiling the work of literary authors. This theme is to be conveyed and solved by the author through his story. The theme became the basis of development of the whole story; the theme was nature animates all parts of the story from beginning to end. 2. Flow Story Plot or plots can be defined as the way the author to establish the events in a row by taking into account the law of cause and effect so it is a unitary piece, round, and intact (Suharianto). The flow of the story consists of five parts: exposition / introduction, penggawatan, penanjakkan, peak or climax, and denouement. The flow of his own views of how to structure the events in the story is divided into two straight grooves and groove flashback. It is said grooved straight when the story began even earlier arranged forwarded to the events subsequent to the end of the story. And it is said grooved flashback (flashback) if the stories compiled from the back / end and then move forward toward the starting point of the story. But there is also implementing two-way flow at the top storytelling alternately. Both ways are forged in solid so as to avoid the impression of two separate stories. Apart from how to structure the flow of events is also distinguished from cohesion storyline. This distinction raises two models namely the telling of stories and groove grooved meeting tenuous. The flow of the story requires meeting only centered on a character, and plot tenuous story requires the main character and is accompanied on the other figures in the story. In the meeting flow figures besides the main characters are raised and grown, but the flow of auxiliary characters eventually merge with the main character because it's just to support the development of the story so that the cohesion / centering the story is maintained. Unlike the loose grooves that allow the reader split its attention to all the characters. In carrying out the flow of a story is usually the author uses the following phases: a. exposure or introduction, which is part of the story where the author began melukisakan a state as the beginning of the story.

b. Penggawatan, namely the part where the characters begin to move. In this section the conflict began to be raised. c. Penanjakan, namely the part where the conflicts that have been raised started to rise. d. Peak or climax, which is the part that describes the event reached its peak. e. Denouement, which is the part where the author gives the solution of all the events that have happened in the story. 3. Characterizations Literature is a story which tells the story of human life with all the miscellaneous life. With that understanding there would have been required as a manifestation of the human figure and his life to be told. The characters in this story will do its job to be "a source story". Figure is a living thing (humans) who have physical and temperament. Characterizations Characterizations often called disposition, which is depiction of the characters. This depiction includes a state of physical and spiritual leaders. State of birth is a physical form and who the characters figure, circumstances of birth figures cover the view of life, character attitudes, beliefs, customs, etc. In presenting the characterizations on the short story or novel the author uses 2 ways directly and indirectly. Say directly when the author directly describes, describes the state figures. The author directly conveys how the outward figure and character owned the character. Submission of indirect author subtly done. For example, by describing how the characters speak, how the characters behave, how the characters respond to the problem, and so that ultimately the reader can imagine and conclude for yourself how these figures. 4. Background All events that occur in human life certainly will not escape from the bondage of space and time. So also in the short story or novel in which it is the telling of human life and all permasalahanya. The scene and will continue to establish the timing behavior of the life of every character in the story. Thus it can be interpreted that the background is a place and time of occurrence or the story. Background or setting is often called in literature prose (short stories and novels) not only serves as a pointer place and time of the story. Background in literary prose is also used as a place of extraction of these values to express the author of the story. According Nurgiyantoro (2004:227-233) background can be divided into three main elements, among others, as follows. a. Background Places Background refers to the location where the events are recounted in a work of fiction. The element may be used where the places with the specified name as well as certain initials.

b. Background Time Background of time associated with the problem of "when" the occurrence of the events recounted in a work of fiction. Problem of "when" is usually associated with time c. Social Background Social setting refers to matters relating to the social behavior of people in a place that is told in a work of fiction. The procedure for the social life of the community includes a variety of issues within the scope of a fairly complex and can be life habits, customs, traditions, beliefs, world view, way of thinking and behaving. Besides the social background is also associated with social status figures are concerned. 5. Voltage and Padahan Suspense or tension is part of the story that makes the reader excited to continue reading the story. Desire arose because the author seemed promising the reader will find something that readers expect. While padahan or foreshadowing is part of the story that gives an idea of something that will happen. So padahan and voltage are inseparable, in other words the presence padahan it created tension. 6. Atmosphere As well as the time and place in a story, the atmosphere is also a thing that always accompanies an event. The atmosphere can be defined as any experienced event experienced by a character in a story. For example a sad atmosphere, fun, and so forth. 6. Narration Center The story is a picture that displays the life of character. Positioning of characters to display the author of stories about the life of the characters in the story telling is what is called the center (point of view) or sometimes also called the point of view. Several types of central narrative: The author as the main story, here the author mentions himself as "me" so the story as if it is a story or experience of the author himself. The author comes into play but not as a main character. In the center of this story telling is a story of someone else but the author was involved in the story / stories. Author all present. In the center of this narrative the author was not involved at all in the story or do not play anything. The main offender is the other person, which is expressed by "he" or the name of the character. But the central narrative of this kind of omniscient author / know everything that is in character as well as thoughts and feelings of characters.

 Author observers. Center narration is almost the same as the author of all present. But what distinguishes the author here seoalah though not knowing what to do with character and characters thoughts. The author here merely to tell what is seen in the story. 7. Style of Language Language in literary prose (short stories and novels) has a dual function as a transmitter of the intention of the author and as a transmitter of feelings. Author in making works of literature not only a wish to inform readers of what is experienced by the characters, but the authors also intend to invite the reader to feel what is experienced by the characters in the story. Because desire is a style that is used in literature are often different from the style of language in everyday life. To reach the author's intention is to invite the reader to feel what the author experienced leaders typically use special phrases (language frames) with various kinds, such as the use of various kinds of figure of speech to describe the situation / event. However, the most important in achieving this aim is not the use of language frames, but how the author can animate the paintings events in the story with the right choice of words and sentences preparation of an efficient and effective. The selection of words and sentences that good preparation will readers be able to imagine and enter into the "feel" the story (be imaginative) The Elements of Prose Fiction PLOT: the framework or plan of action of the story; the sequence of events of which a story is composed. PROTAGONIST: the central character 1n the story. ANTAGONIST: the forces acting against the protagonist; may be persons, things, conventions of society, or traits of his own character. CONFLICT: a clash of actions, desires, ideas or wills. Types of Conflict: Human against human: the main character pitted against some other person or group of persons. Human against environment: the main character in conflict with some external force such as physical nature, society, or fate. Human against themselves: the main character in conflict with some element of their own nature. Emotional, intellectual, spiritual conflict: the main character is in conflict with an emotional, spiritual, or intellectual entity or ideal.

METHODS OF MAINTAINING SUSPENSE: foreshadowing: a hint of what is to happen mystery: something unusual happens that needs explaining dilemma: a character must choose between two equally undesirable courses of action

Types of Endings: happy: the protagonists problems are solved unhappy: the protagonist's problems remain unsolved surprise: the outcome of the story is the opposite of logical expectation indeterminate: no definite conclusion is arrived at

CHANCE: the occurrence of an event for no apparent cause COINCIDENCE: the chance occurrence of two events that have a highly unusual and unlikely correspondence ARTISTIC UNITY: the selection of only relevant details and the arrangement of these details in an effective, logical order PLOT MANIPULATION: the author gives the story a turn unjustified by the characters or events in the story SETTING: time and place