Pnpw C^vcopw Ipn-m-

- mcpw C_veokpw IqSpIqn-bn-cp _jo-dns Ipn-m-p-b

- psS Xn\nv Bt]-nI knm--ns ASn--n-fp l\m _nXv lmin-ans a^vX-bn-te-p ZqcamWv Xhpw a^vXbpw Xn-ep-X
- v. ]Zbpw a^vXbpw
[cn-p A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-cmb sNdp--m-cn-Isf hnainm Imc-t-cnsbtmep ]pcp-j
- mv F-hImiw Fpw tNmZn-t--Xp-v. Cu bph-Xn-I kzbw
kwkm-cn-m Adn-bp-h
- c
- m-Wv. AXn-\m Kmb{Xo
kv]nhmIv ]d-t- ]mse kzw ]-n-cpv kwkm-cnm Fp-sImv Ahsc A\p-hZ
- n-p-IqSm?
teJ\w
l

tUm. Da H. Xkv\ow

(Xw) Ipn-m-p--bn\nv
(a-^vX) l\m _nXv lmin-an-tev
"apkvenw kv{Xo: ]Z-hn-I-fpsS ]pdw t]mp-I' F iojI-n (am-Xr-`qan BgvN--Xn-v, sk]vw-_ 27) Fw.-F Imctcn Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-amWv Cu Ipdn-n-m-[m-cw. ]Zsb Ipdn-p Av amXrII-fpsS (Stereotypes) efnX bpnv Ffpw
hg-n-sm-Sp-p teJI kmw-kI
v- m-cnI Nn-f
- psS AYs k-`-\n-c-t]-hpw mbo-hIr-X-hp-ambn hn-e-bn-cpp-p. Imc-t-cn-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-n h--am\ ae-bmf
kml-Nc- y-n ]Z-bpsS cwK-{]-thiw {]Xn-tem-aX
- z-n-sbpw
\ntj-[m--I-X-bp-sSbpw hnP-b-am-Wv. ]Z--Is s]-v Cu
hmb-\-b-\p-k-cnv \nXy XS-h-d-bn-em-Wv.
apJw apqSpw aqSp, Iap-n-se Xmtm kpjn-c-fn-eqsS am{Xw temIw ImWm Ign-bp ]Z-bm-N-cn-p--h
tIcf apkvenwIn-Sb
- n Hc-Xn-kqva \yq\-]
- a- m-Wv. AXncm-bn-c
- n-sbmXv

\hw_ Ccp-]
- n-sbv

\m tIcf apkvenw-I ]pXp-Xmbn

]Z-bn-tev {]th-in-p-p-sh--XpsImv teJ-I- D-t-in-pXv ]mknbnse Xnc-o-e-sb-Yw h-cp- ]Zb-s-pw, apJhpw apssI-bp-sam-gnp ico-c-`m-K- ad-p-, ae-bmfn-I a^vX-sbv ]d-bp Ad-_nbnse lnPm-_m-sW-Xpw hyw.
Jp-Bs imk-\{- ]-Imcw kv{- Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw A]c enwK-n\v Cnfn-bp-m-p hkv{X-co-Xn-I-fn\nv
hnp-\nt-X
- mWv. ]t am\y-amb
h-kv{X-[m-c-W-ns Afhpw Nm-Wpw
AXv hnh- c n- p- n- . apJhpw apssIbpw am{Xw shfn-hm-Ip h-kv-{Xw
[cnv \_n-bpsS Ime-v kv{XoI,
]pcp- j - m- c n\nv thXn- c n- p
adtbm Npatcm CmsX \a-kvI-cn-ncp-p. AXn-\m apJhpw apssIbpw ad-t--Xn-s-mWv `qcn-]w ]n-X-m-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. Imc-t-cn-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-n, ]gb Ipnm-p--w tIc-fob Imem-h--pw {]_p--Xpw tN-Xm-bn-cp-p-shn ]pXnb lqen, ]ho ]Z-I A-Im-c-sbpw "]nd-tImp't]mns\bpw Ipdn-p-p.
Hcp kmwkvIm-cnI Nnw F \nev ]Z-bpsS AYw efn-X-amb
Ccw mbo-h-cW
-
- v hn-t[-ba- mtWm Fv ]cn-tim-[n-t-X
- pv;
AXv hynXz \ncm-ks- bpw ssewKn-Im-Sn-a
- sbpw Ipdn-p-p-sh {]XoNo-hn-Zzm-m-cpsS (oriental-ists) \qm-p-I-fm-bp hmsam-gn-I a-e-bm-f-n
Bhn--s-Sp-tm hnti-jn-pw.
aX -`q-an-imkv{X AXnn-Isf Dw-Lnv \qm-p-I-fmbn \ne-\n-p Hcp m]-\-sa \nev ]Zsb Ah-tem-I\w sNbvX {]ikvX {_n-o-jv
Fgp-p-Imcn Um^vs\ s{K-bv-kn-s A`n-{]m-b-n, intcm-hkv{Xw kml-Ncy-a\
- p-kc- nv ASn-a
-
- n-s-tbm hntam-N\
-
- n-stbm D]m-[n-bm-tb-mw. `mhn-stbm cn-Xm-f
- p-sStbm kZ-n\v hgn Xe-ad-
- p kv{Xov AXv
Z-\-ns {]Xo-I-am-bn-cn-pw. Fm A]-c-enw-K-ns ZrjvSn-t`m-Ks
sNdp-p-Ib
- pw ssZh-{]oXn Imwn-p-Ibpw sN-pI F Dt-iy-tmsS ]Z
[cn-p sNdp--m-cnv AsXm-cm-ob [\y-Xbpw ssNX\y t{kmX-p-ambn-cn-pw.
Z hpa C Z akven amkvIv F IrXn-bn s{Kbvkv D-cm-[p-\nI
kmlnXy kt-X--fp-]-tbm-Knv hkv{X-ns AY-am-\- hne-bn-cp-pp. Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-n LS-\m-\--c-hm-Zn-I ]d-bm-dp-Xv t]mse,
Fm kmwkvIm-cnI Nn--fp-sSbpw AYw Am-bnbpw Bt]-n-I-hp-amWv. Cu ]cn-t{]-y-n-eq-sS t\mn-bm Xmen-_ms AXn-bm-Ym-n-XnI
Bbn-cn \m\qn apXv

Zplv ]Xn-s\mv

`c-W-n\p Iogn aqSp-]-S-am-N-cn-m \n_-n-X-cmb kv{Xo-Iv AXv

hynXz \ncm-k
- n-s-bpw ASn-a
-
- n-sbpw AS-bm-fa- mbn tXmn-bn-p-mImw. F-m, APo-cn-b-bn {^v A[n-\n-th-is sN-dp-m AS-cm-Snb
kv-{Xo-c-Xv\-v ]Z Hcp ]S--bpw hn-tam-N-\-bp--n-s {]Xo-I-hp-am-bncp-p. {^kv ^m-\s\ t]mep InS-b km{am-Py-Xz-hn-cp sskm-n-I
t]mepw Cu Ncn-{X-k-n-bn ]Zsb A[n-\n-thi hn-tcm-[-ns {]Xo-I-ambmWv I-sX-v s{Kbvkv Nqn-m-p-p. km{am-Py-Xzw Xt-io-b-cpsS `qanbpsS am{Xw A-[n-\n-th-i-am-bn-cp-n; adnv s^an-\n-v sskm-n-I ]d-bmdp-Xp t]m-se, AXv H-tc-bh
- k
- cw {]Ir-Xnpw kv{- Xopw t\sc-bp ssItb-am-bn-cp-p. AXn-\m Xs ]Z km{am-PyXz ZrjvSnsb (imperial gaze) sNdpm-\p- Hcm-bp-[-ambn amdn. Cpw ]Z-sb-v tIp-tm \ntm-fkv
k-tm-kn-sb-tm-ep--h hndfn ]nSn-p--Xn\v ]nn sNdp-p-\n]ns

X kzX-{-cm-sW anYym {]XoXn D]-t`m-m--fn

P\n-nv Ahsc \m\m-`m-K
- p-\npw hcn-p-ap-dp-p-Ib
- mWv
Itmf sImtfm-Wn-be
- nkw sNp-X
- v. kv{Xoi-cocw I-tmf-i
- n-If
- psS ]c-ky-e
- I
- I
- f
- mbn amdp-Xv Chn-sS-bm-W.v hncep-Iv izmkwhnSm Ign-bm--hn[w CSp-n-b, aS-pb jq [cn-p kv{Xo Itmf hyh--bp]m-Zn-np kucy k]-ns ASn-a-bm-Wv.
C-cw Ncn-{X-kva-c-W-I-fpsS tijn-p-I-fp-v.
km{am-PyXz ZrjvSn-bpsS CtX Ak-p-enX LS-\-bmWv ]pcp-j- tatmbva Fpw B{K-ln--Xv. AXn-\m-emWv kzmX-{ym-\-c kaq-l--fn-epw
kv{XoI intcm-hkv{Xw sNdp-p-\n]ns {]Xo-I-ambn ImWp--Xv. Zr-jvSnt`m-Kmknsb {]Xn-tcm-[n-p ]Z ]pcp-j\v Atem-k-c-ambn `hn-p-p.
kam dpivZn-bpsS A[cm{Xn-bpsS ]-m-cn keow ko\mbvv Xs
apn adp ]nSn--s kv-{Xo-icocw Htc-b-hkcw shp-hn-fnbpw s\mchpw Atem-k-c-hp-am-bm-W-\p-`-h-s-Sp--Xv. Imc-t-cn-bpsS ]cn-tZ-h-\-n\pw
Cu s\m-c-hp-ambn kam-\-X-bp-v.

\-Xbpw kzmX-{yhpw
kv{XobpsS \-ta\n Ah-cpsS kzmX-{y-n-sbpw D_p--X-bp-sSbpw am]n-\n-bmbn ImWp {]h-WX B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS \nan-Xn-bm-Wv. \hpw A[ \-hp-amb kv{Xoi-cocw A-`n-\-h-I-tmf hyh--bpsSbpw A[n\n-th-i-`m-h-\-bpsSbpw \nXm--th-Zn-bm-sW hkvXpX ChnsS kuI-cy-]qhw hnkva-cn--s-Sp-p. B[p-\nI apX-em-fn kaq-l--fn hyhm temI-n\v (System world), Poh-tem-I
- n-\v (Life world)ta A[o-iXzw m]n-m\p-X-Ip _lp-hn[ amK--sf-p-dnv tl_amkv hni-Z-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-Xm-Wv. X kzX-{-cm-sW anYym {]XoXn D]-t`m-m--fn P\n-nv
Ahsc \m\m-`m-K-p-\npw hcn-p-ap-dp-p-I-bmWv Itmf sImtfm-Wn-benkw sNp--Xv. kv{Xoi-cocw I-tm-f-i-n-I-fpsS ]c-ky--e-I-I-fmbn amdpcm-bn-c
- n-sbmXv

\hw_ Ccp-]
- n-sbv

Kmb{Xn kv]nhmIv

Iaem kpd

Cthm dnUven

Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. hnc-ep-Iv izmkwhnSm Ign-bm--hn[w CSp-n-b, aSp-b jq [cn-p kv{Xo Itmf hyh--bp]m-Zn-n-p kucy
k]-ns ASn-a-bm-Wv. Xm kzX-{-bm-sW Ah-fpsS hn-Nmcw shdpw
Hcp lmep-kn-t\-j! ]Sn-m-dn\v AXns KpW-\n-e-hm-c-an-m- an D]- hn-gn-m \-amb kv{Xota\n-bm-Wm-hiyw; AXn-\m-emWv Ahv
]Z-tbmSv Xocm A-cn-i-sav Cdm-\nb Fgpp-Imcn c-lv\m hZ-bpsS
\nco-Ww ChnsS {]k-w.
]Z Ncn-{X-]-c-ambn ASn-a--s Ipdn-p-p-sh ]c--cm-KX [m-cW
CubnsS Gsd Xncp--ep-Iv hnt[-b-am-bn-p-v. Dkvam\n sImm-c-
kinv Ahn-Ss ld-ap-I-fn Xma-kn tacn samt-Kp-hns\ t]mep-h \nco-n--Xv, Dkvam\o kv{XoI ka-Im-eo-\-cmb bqtdm-]y kv{XoIsf
At]-nv Gsd kzX-{-cm-sW-m-Wv. Ah-cn ]epw kz--ambn hcpam\ t{kmX-p-I-fp-m-bn-cp--Xmbpw `m-hn-t\m-Sm-tem-Nn-m-sX Ah
ssIImcyw sNm kzmX-{y-ap-m-bn-cp-X
- mbpw Ah hne-bn-cp-p-p. Cub`n-{]mbw icn-sh-p _no saam hnIvtSm-dn-b, am-(corset)bpambn
Xmc-Xayw sNp-tm intcm-hkv{Xw \ncp-]-{Z-h-Im-cn-bm-sWv hne-bn-cp-pp.
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse Hcp k-h-I-em-im-e-bn GXm\pw hjw ]Tnn-t- mgpw e-\nse Hcp tacw Iem-eb
-
- n Kth-jW
-
- n-\h
- k
- cw Innb-tmgpw Cu teJ-I\v t_m[y-s-Xpw adn-m-bn-cp-n-. kpDuZn A-td-_ybn kv{Xopw ]pcp-j\pw ]c-kv]cw IqSn--e-cm Ah-k-c-an-s--Xv icn;
]t kv{XoImbn {]-tXy-I Pnp-Ifpw kznwnwKv ]qfp-Ifpw D-X hnZym`ymk m]-\-fpw Fm-ap-v. Chn-Ss km if ]n-I-bn 40 iXam-\-n-e-[nIw kv{XoI-fm-sW-Xv ]pdw-tem-I-n\v IuXp-I-I-c-amb hkvXp-XbmWv.
sXcp-hp-I-fn-eqsS Ch k-cn-p-Xv ImWp-tm Nen-p Idp-
IqSm-c--fmbn tXmpw. Imc-tcn ]d--Xp-t]mse icocw samw aq-Sp
Ch-cpsS hkv{X-[m-cW
- c- oXn C-ke
v m-anI imk-\I
- -p-da- m-W.v A-Xns Dhw
Ckvemw ]qh Atd-_y-bnse tKm{XmN-c-W--fp-ambn _--sv InS-p-p.
]t Nen-p Cu IqSm-c--Iv {]hn-p- Xe-tm-dp-Ifpw anSnp lrZ-b-hp-ap-s-dn--Xv _Z-hn-I-fp-ambn A-Sp-n-S-]-g-In-b-tm-gm-Wv.
kh-I-em-im-em hnZymYn-I-fpsS D-amcpw s]-m-cp-sa-m-am-bn-cp Ah
Bbn-cn \m\qn apXv

Zplv ]Xn-s\mv

apJw apqSpw aqSp, Iap-nse Xmtm kpjn-c--fneqsS am{Xw temIw ImWm Ign-bp ]Z-bm-Nc
- n-p-h
-
tIcf apkvenwIn-S-bn Hc-Xn-kqva \yq\-]--am-Wv.
AXn-\m tIcf apkvenw-I ]pXp-Xmbn ]Z-bn-tev {]thin-p-p-sh--Xp-sImv teJ-I- D-t-in-pXv ]mknbnse Xnc-o-e-sb-Yw hcp ]Z-b-s-pw, apJhpw
apssI-bp-sam-gn-p ico-c`
- m-K
- ad-p-, ae-bm-fn-I
a^vXs
- bv ]d-bp Ad-_n-bnse lnPm-_m-sW-Xpw hyw.
A[ym-]n-I-amcpw \gvkvamcpw am{Xam-bn-cp-n-, henb hmWnPy kwcw-`--fpsS
DS-a-Ifpw ap-sam-s-bm-bn-cp-p. Fn-\-[n-Iw, kpDuZn kv{XoI-fpsS tZiob
k-nse B\p-]m-XnI hnlnXw bq-tdm-]y cmPy--fptS-Xn-t\-m IqSp-Xem-Wv.
e kvIq Hm^v CtWman-Ivkn Hcp hjw sNe-h-gn Rm,
Ahn-Ss apkvenw hnZymYn-\n-I-fn `qcn-`m-Khpw a^vX [cn-p--h-cm-bmWv
IXv. shPo-\nbm hq^v A Room of One's Own F {]_--n ]d-t]m-se, kzIm-cy-X-bpsS Hcp Xp-cpv \Im ]Zv Ign-bp-sav A-`ykvX-hn-Zy-cmb Cu kv{XoI hniz-kn-p-p. Cthm dnUven-sbbpw Im-Y-do
_p-n-s\bpw Iaem kpd--sbbpw t]mep kv{XoI ]Z-bn-te-m-IrjvS-cm-hp--Xn\pw ImcWw asm--. `m--m-cp-sSbpw cn-Xm--fp-sSbpw
NndIv ]n A[n-Imc tkm]m-\
- f
- n-te-dn-b, Imc-tcn hnh-cn-p-, teUo enbmJvamtc-mfpw ^ntdm-kvI-tf-mfpw Hpw Xmsg-b Ch-cp-sS-sbmpw kmaqlnI ]Z-hn-I.
Imc-tcn tIc-fob `q{]-Ir-Xn-pw Imem-h-pw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn
ImWp X-n\nv a^vX-bn-te-p Zqcw GXm\pw Cp-I-fp-tS-Xm-Wv.
Fm Cu Ime-b-f-hn ap-kvenw kv{XoIv hnZym-`ymk kmw-kvIm-cnI
cwK-f
- n-ep-mb ]ptcm-KXn {]Im-ih
- j- sImv Af-t-X
- m-Wv. saUn, Fn-\o-b-dnwKv tImtf-Pp-I-f-S--ap DX Iem-e-b--fnse Ah-cpsS
kPoh kmn[yw CXn\v \nZi-\-ambn ImWmw. Pnpw C^vcopw Ipn-m-mcpw C-_v-eo-kpw IqSpIq-n-bn-cp _jo-dns Ip-n-m-p--bpsS Xn\nv B-t]-nI knm-
- ns ASn-
- n-f
- p l\m _nXv lminans a-^vX-bn-te-p Zqc-amWv Xhpw a-^v-Xbpw Xn-ep--Xv.
]Zbpw a^vXbpw [cn-p A-`y-kvX-hn-Zy-cmb sNdp--m-cn-Isf hnain-m Imc-t-cnsbtmep ]p-cp-j-mv F-h-Imiw Fpw tNm-Znt--Xp-v. Cu bph-Xn-I kzbw kwkm-cn-m Adn-bp--h-cm-Wv. AXn\m Kmb{Xo kv]nhmIv ]d--t]m-se kzw ]-n-cpv kwkm-cn-m
Fp-sImv Ahsc A\p-hZ- n-p-IqSm? Hmlm ]map-ns av F- t\mhense \mbnI JmZn^ns\ th-Zn-bn shv ]c-ky-ambn intcm-h-kv-{Xm-t-]n\v \n_-n-p kp-\mbv kmbn-ans\ Ah t\cn-Sp-Xv shSn-bp
sImm-Wv. kv{XobpsS h-kv{Xm-h-Im-i-n\p ta ssIsh--Xn-\v ]pcp-j\v
e`n {]Xn-^-ew! Imc-t-co, \apv amdn \nmw!!
cm-bn-c
- n-sbmXv

\hw_ Ccp-]
- n-sbv