Set No.

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2011

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. (a) The analysis of magnesite ore obtained from chalk hill area, Salem district
yields 81% MgCO3, 14% SiO2 and 5% H2 O (by weight). Convert the analysis
into moleAtomic weights: Mg : 24.3, Si: 28.08, H: 1.007, O: 16, C: 12
(b) Write short notes on the following: Normality, molality, limiting reactant and
excess reactant
[8+8]
2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.274 gm-mole of HCl, 0.337 gm-mole of N2 and 0.089
gm-mole of O2 . Calculate the volume occupied by the mixture, density and
partial pressure of each component at a pressure of 2.7 atm and a temperature
of 30o C.
(b) Explain any equation of state

[12+4]

3. The following is the vapor pressure of benzene and chloro-benzene

Temperature (0 C)
Benzene (mmHg)
Chloro-benzene (mmHg)

79.6
760
85

90
1013
208

100
1340
293

110
1744
408

120
2235
542

132.3
2965
760

Assuming the Raoult?s law is valid use the above data to plot T-x-y and x-y at
a total pressure of 760 mmHg. Where T is the temperature, x is the liquid phase
mole fraction and y is vapor phase mole fraction
[16]
4. Define the following terms and give their respective equations explaining the symbols used in the equations
(a) Humidity
(b) Saturated gas
(c) Relative humidity
(d) Percentage humidity

[16]

5. A rich copper ore analysis gives the following constituent percent: CuS ? 10%;
F eS2 ? 30% and inert ? 60%. By crushing and floating, 2/3 inert is eliminated.
The ore is roasted with carbon. Inert are unchanged. In the reduction of the Cu2O
to Cu, there is 5% loss. Find the weight of copper obtainable from 1 tonne of ore.
2CuS + 2.5O2 Cu2 O + 2SO2
2FeS2 + 5.5 O2 Fe2 O3 + 4SO2
Cu2 O + C 2Cu + CO
[16]

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Set No. 1

Code No: W0803/R05

6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation .

CO + 2H2 CH3 OH
Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol
product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled.
The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed
enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate
(a) Volume of fresh feed gas and
(b) The recycle ratio.

[16]

7. Chlorinated diphenyl is heated from 313 0 K to 553 0 K at the rate of 4000 Kg/hr.
in an indirectly fired heater. In this particular temperature range the heat capacity
of the fluid is given by the equation Cp = 0.7511 + 1.465 * 103 T KJ /KMol The
Cp at of diphenyl at 313 0 K is 1.1807 KJ /Kg 0 K and Cp at of diphenyl at 553 0 K
is 1.5198 KJ /Kg 0 K. Calculate the heat to be supplied in the fluid in the heater
using the heat capacity equation. Also, calculate the % error involved in using the
mean heat capacity data for the heat change calculations.
[16]
8. The sulphate process for the production of hydrochloric acid is described by following reaction:2NaCl + H2 SO4 Na2 SO4 + 2HCl . Calculate the heat of reaction
and the consumption of the coke oven gas for the production of 500 kg of HCl. The
heats of formation in MJ/kmol are NaCl = 410.9; H2 SO4 =811.3; Na2 SO4 =1384
and HCl = 92.3. The calorific value of coke oven gas is 19.0 MJ/m3 ;
[16]
?????

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Set No. 2

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2011

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. If 5 kg of methanol and 2 kg of ammonia are reacted to form mono ethyl amine by
the reaction:
CH3 OH + N H3 CH3 NH2 + H2 O
(a) Which is the limiting reactant?
(b) What is the percent excess of other reactant?
(c) Find the degree of completion?
(d) If the conversion is 90% find the composition of product stream?

[16]

2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.274 gm-mole of HCl, 0.337 gm-mole of N2 and 0.089
gm-mole of O2 . Calculate the volume occupied by the mixture, density and
partial pressure of each component at a pressure of 2.7 atm and a temperature
of 30o C.
(b) Explain any equation of state

[12+4]

3. (a) Write short notes on group contribution method and write its applications
(b) Draw and explain the schematic diagram of vapor liquid equilibrium diagram
for a binary system when total pressure is constant.
[8+8]
4. Air at a temperature of 200 C and pressure 750 mm Hg has a relative humidity of
80%
(a) Calculate the molal humidity of air.
(b) Calculate the humidity of this air if its temperature is reduced to 100 C and
its pressure increased to 2.38 atm, condensing out some of the water.
(c) Calculate the weight of water condensed from 28 m3 of gas.
(d) Calculate the final volume of wet air leaving. Data: Vapor pressure of H2 O at
200 C is 17.5 mm Hg and at 100 C is 9.2 mm Hg.
[16]
5. In the common process for the production of nitric acid sodium nitrate is treated
with 95% H2 SO4 . In order that the resulting ?niter cake? may be fluid, it is
desirable to use excess acid, so that final cake contains 34% sulfuric acid. It may
be assumed that the cake will contain 1.5% water and that the reaction will go to
completion. 2% of HNO3 formed will remain in the cake.
(a) Calculate the composition of niter cake by weight %, formed per 100 kg of
sodium nitrate charged.
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Set No. 2

Code No: W0803/R05

(b) Calculate the weight of sulfuric acid to be used.

(c) Calculate the weight of HNO3 and water vapor distilled from the niter cake.
[16]
6. Ethylene oxide is produced by catalytic oxidation of ethylene and oxygen. The
total feed to the catalytic bed of the reactor contains 10:1 volume ratio of oxygen
to ethylene and the conversion per pass is un-reacted ethylene is recycled. The
oxygen for the reaction is supplied from air. Calculate:
[16]
(a) inlet and outlet composition of the streams and
(b) moles of fresh oxygen required for recycle gases
Reaction: C2 H4 +0.5O2 C2 H4 O.
7. (a) What is Kopps rule
(b) Define heat capacity, specific heat, enthalpy
(c) Write a note on heat capacities of liquids and gases .
8. (a) What is heat of hydration.

[4+6+6]
[5+5+6]

(b) Differentiate between heat of solution and heat of salvation.

(c) Calculate the standard heat of reaction of the following:
HCl (g) + NH3 (g) = NH4 Cl (s)
Standard heat of formation of HCl(g) Hf = -22,063cal
Standard heat of formation of NH3 (g), Hf = -11,040cal
Standard heat of formation of NH4 Cl (s), Hf = -75,380cal

?????

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Set No. 3

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2011

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. A natural gas has the following composition on volume basis CH4-83.5%,C2H2 -9%
and N2-7.5%. Calculate:
[16]
(a) composition in mole %.
(b) the composition in weight %,
(c) average molecular weight of the gas and
(d) specific gravity of the mixture.
2. (a) Nitric acid is produced in the Ostwald process by the oxidation of ammonia
with air. In the first step of the process ammonia and air are mixed together
and passed over a catalyst at a temperature of 7000 C. The following reaction takes place: 4NH3 +5O2 6H2 O +4NO The gases from this process are
passed into towers where they are cooled, and the oxidation is completed according to the following theoretical reactions 2NO+O2 2NO2 3NO2 +H2 O
2HNO3 +NO The ammonia and air enters the process at a temperature of
200 C and a pressure of 755 mmHg. The air is present in a such proportion
that the oxygen will be 20% of that required for complete oxidation of the
ammonia to nitric acid and water.
i. Calculate the volume of air to be used per 100 m3 of ammonia entering
the process
ii. Calculate the percentage composition by volume of the gases entering the
catalyzer
(b) Define partial pressure and pure component volume

[12+4]

3. Assuming Raoults law to be valid for the system of Benzene (1) and ethyl benzene
(2).Prepare T-x-y and x-y diagram at a pressure of 101.33Kpa.Vapour pressure of
pure species is given by
2788.51
InPsat
2 = 13.8858 t+220.79
InP2sat = 14.0045

3279.47
t+213.20

Where vapor pressure is in Kpa and t is in O C. x is the liquid phase mole fraction
and y is vapor phase mole fraction.
[16]
4. Air at a temperature of 200 C and pressure 750 mm Hg has a relative humidity of
80%
(a) Calculate the molal humidity of air.
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Set No. 3

Code No: W0803/R05

(b) Calculate the humidity of this air if its temperature is reduced to 100 C and
its pressure increased to 2.38 atm, condensing out some of the water.
(c) Calculate the weight of water condensed from 28 m3 of gas.
(d) Calculate the final volume of wet air leaving. Data: Vapor pressure of H2 O at
200 C is 17.5 mm Hg and at 100 C is 9.2 mm Hg.
[16]
5. (a) 500 kg/hr of pure sulfur is burnt with 20% excess air (based on S to SO2 ) 5%
S is oxidized to SO3 and rest to SO2 . Find the exit gas analysis.
(b) A gas containing 80% ethane and 20% oxygen is burnt with 200% excess air.
80% ethane goes to CO2 ; 10% to CO2 ; and 10% remains unburnt. Calculate
the stack gas composition.
[8+8]
6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation .
CO + 2H2 CH3 OH
Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol
product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled.
The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed
enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate
(a) Volume of fresh feed gas and
(b) The recycle ratio.

[16]

7. (a) What is Kopps rule

(b) Define heat capacity, specific heat, enthalpy
(c) Write a note on heat capacities of liquids and gases .

[4+6+6]

8. When 16 g of copper sulphate were dissolved in 384 g of water, the temperature

raised by 3.95 0 C. Determine the enthalpy of formation of copper sulphate with five
molecules of water of crystallization from anhydrous salt and water, if the enthalpy
of solution of the crystal hydrate is 11.7 kJ/mol, and the specific heat of solution
is 4.18 kJ/kg 0 K. The molar mass of copper sulphate is 159.6 g/mol.
[16]
?????

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Set No. 4

Code No: W0803/R05

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2011

CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????
1. An aqueous solution of ammonium chloride contains 25gms of ammonium chloride
per 100 cc of solution at 200 C. It is given that density of ammonium chloride
solution at 20o C is 1.246 g/ml). Calculate the following:(a) weight percent of ammonium chloride.
(b) mole percent.
(c) normality.
(d) Kgs of solute per 100 m3 of solution at 200 c.
(e) Kg moles of solute per kg of solvent.

[16]

2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.274 gm-mole of HCl, 0.337 gm-mole of N2 and 0.089
gm-mole of O2 . Calculate the volume occupied by the mixture, density and
partial pressure of each component at a pressure of 2.7 atm and a temperature
of 30o C.
(b) Explain any equation of state

[12+4]

3. The following is the vapor pressure of benzene and chloro-benzene

Temperature (0 C)
Benzene (mmHg)
Chloro-benzene (mmHg)

79.6
760
85

90
1013
208

100
1340
293

110
1744
408

120
2235
542

132.3
2965
760

Assuming the Raoult?s law is valid use the above data to plot T-x-y and x-y at
a total pressure of 760 mmHg. Where T is the temperature, x is the liquid phase
mole fraction and y is vapor phase mole fraction
[16]
4. (a) Helium contains 12% by volume of ethyl acetate.Calculate
i. the percent relative saturation and
ii. the percent absolute saturation of the mixture at a temperature of 300 C
and a pressure of 98 kPa
(b) The percent absolute humidity of air at 860 F and a total pressure of 750 mm
Hg is 20%. Calculate
i. the percent relative humidity and
ii. the partial pressure of the water vapor in the air.
iii. What is the dew point of the air?

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[16]

Set No. 4

Code No: W0803/R05

5. (a) A cotton mill dries a water soaked fabric in a drier from 54% to 9% moisture.
How many kg of water are removed by drying operation per 1200 kg of feed.
(b) A gas containing 2% NH3 , 25.4% N2 and the rest H2 is flowing in a pipe. To
measure the flow rate an ammonia rich gas containing 96% NH3 , 3% H2 and
1% N2 is sent at a rate of 100 cc/min. The concentration of NH3 in the down
stream is 6%. Find the flow rate of gas at inlet.
[8+8]
6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation .
CO + 2H2 CH3 OH
Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol
product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled.
The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed
enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate
(a) Volume of fresh feed gas and
(b) The recycle ratio.

[16]

7. Four kilograms of water at 27 0 C and 200 kpa is heated at constant pressure until
the volume of the water becomes 1000 times the original value. What is the final
temperature of water. Use steam tables.
[16]
8. Write short notes on
(a) Standard heat of reaction
(b) Standard heat of formation.

[8+8]
?????

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