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    Compute A Limit by Using The Basic Trigonometric Limit

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    ksr131
    The document provides examples of computing limits involving trigonometric functions by converting them into a form where the basic trigonometric limit limθ→0 (sinθ/θ) = 1 can be applied. It demonstrates this by computing limits of expressions such as limx→0 (1 - cosx)/x^2, limx→0 sin(ax)/ax, and limx→0 tan(3x)/tan(5x) through algebraic manipulations and use of trigonometric identities to put the expressions in a form involving sinθ/θ. The key idea is to algebraically convert the limit into an equivalent expression where the basic trigonometric limit can be directly applied.

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    Compute A Limit by Using The Basic Trigonometric Limit

    Uploaded by

    ksr131
    15 views2 pages
    The document provides examples of computing limits involving trigonometric functions by converting them into a form where the basic trigonometric limit limθ→0 (sinθ/θ) = 1 can be applied. It demonstrates this by computing limits of expressions such as limx→0 (1 - cosx)/x^2, limx→0 sin(ax)/ax, and limx→0 tan(3x)/tan(5x) through algebraic manipulations and use of trigonometric identities to put the expressions in a form involving sinθ/θ. The key idea is to algebraically convert the limit into an equivalent expression where the basic trigonometric limit can be directly applied.

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    The document provides examples of computing limits involving trigonometric functions by converting them into a form where the basic trigonometric limit limθ→0 (sinθ/θ) = 1 can be applied. It demonstrates this by computing limits of expressions such as limx→0 (1 - cosx)/x^2, limx→0 sin(ax)/ax, and limx→0 tan(3x)/tan(5x) through algebraic manipulations and use of trigonometric identities to put the expressions in a form involving sinθ/θ. The key idea is to algebraically convert the limit into an equivalent expression where the basic trigonometric limit can be directly applied.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views2 pages

    Compute A Limit by Using The Basic Trigonometric Limit

    Uploaded by

    ksr131
    The document provides examples of computing limits involving trigonometric functions by converting them into a form where the basic trigonometric limit limθ→0 (sinθ/θ) = 1 can be applied. It demonstrates this by computing limits of expressions such as limx→0 (1 - cosx)/x^2, limx→0 sin(ax)/ax, and limx→0 tan(3x)/tan(5x) through algebraic manipulations and use of trigonometric identities to put the expressions in a form involving sinθ/θ. The key idea is to algebraically convert the limit into an equivalent expression where the basic trigonometric limit can be directly applied.

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    Compute a limit by using the basic trigonometric limit

    The basic trigonometric limit


    sin
    = 1.
    0
    Using the basic limit, we can also have another form of the basic limit.
    lim

    lim

    1
    1
    1
    =
    = = 1.
    sin
    sin
    1
    lim
    0

    1 cos x
    .
    x2
    Solution: The key idea is to convert the limit into one that the basic limit can be applied.
    Example 1 Compute lim

    x0

    From trigonometry, we recall that sin x and cos x are related by an identity sin2 x + cos2 x =
    1. Therefore, use limit laws and limx0 cos x = 1 to get
    1 cos x
    x0
    x2
    lim

    1 cos x 1 + cos x
    x0
    x2
    1 + cos x
    (1 cos x)(1 + cos x)
    1
    1 cos2 x
    1
    = lim
    =
    lim
    2
    2
    0
    x
    1 + cos x 0
    x
    1 + cos x
    2
    sin x
    1
    sin x
    sin x
    1
    = lim
    = lim
    lim
    lim
    0 x2 1 + cos x
    0 x 0 x 0 1 + cos x
    1
    1
    = 11
    = .
    1+1
    2
    =

    lim

    sin(ax)
    , where a 6= 0 is a real constant.
    ax
    Solution: The key idea is to convert the limit into one that the basic limit can be applied.
    Example 2 Compute lim

    x0

    Let u = ax. Then when x 0, u = ax 0. Therefore,


    sin(ax)
    sin(u)
    = lim
    = 1.
    x0
    u0
    ax
    u
    lim

    sin(2x2 )
    .
    x0
    x2
    Solution: The key idea is to convert the limit into one that the basic limit can be applied.
    Example 3 Compute lim

    Let u = 2x2 . Then x2 = u2 , and when x 0, u = 2x2 0. Therefore,


    2 sin(u)
    sin(u)
    sin(2x2 )
    = lim
    = lim 2
    = 2.
    u0
    u0
    x0
    x2
    u
    u
    lim

    tan(3x)
    .
    tan(5x)
    Solution: The key idea is to convert the limit into one that the basic limit can be applied.

    Example 4 Compute lim

    x0

    To do that, use tan =

    sin
    cos

    (here = 3x and 5x, respectively) to get the sine functions

    out from the tangent functions. Thus, apply Example 2 above with a = 3 and a = 5,
    respectively, and use limx0 cos ax = 1 to get
    lim

    x0

    tan(3x)
    tan(5x)

    sin(3x) cos(5x)
    cos(3x) sin(5x)
    sin(3x) 3x cos(5x) 5x
    = lim
    x0
    3x cos(3x) 5x sin(5x)
    
    
    sin(3x)
    3
    cos(5x)
    5x
    = lim
    lim
    lim
    x0
    x0 sin(5x)
    3x x0 cos(3x)
    5
    3
    3
    = 1 1= .
    5
    5
    =

    lim

    x0

    Example 5 Compute lim x csc x sec x.


    x0

    Solution: The key idea is to convert the limit into one that the basic limit can be applied.
    To do that, use csc x sin1 x to get the sine function out from the co secant function. Thus,
    use limx0 sec x = 1 to get
    x
    x
    sec x = lim
    lim sec x = 1.
    x0 sin x
    x0 sin x x0

    lim x csc x sec x = lim

    x0

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