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    Timing Diagram

    Uploaded by

    nikhilesh walde
    The timing diagram represents the execution time taken by instructions in a graphical format using T-states. It takes 4 clock cycles, or T-states, for an instruction to enter the CPU during an opcode fetch machine cycle. Different machine cycles like memory read, memory write, and I/O cycles take 3 T-states to complete.

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    Timing Diagram

    Uploaded by

    nikhilesh walde
    18K views25 pages
    The timing diagram represents the execution time taken by instructions in a graphical format using T-states. It takes 4 clock cycles, or T-states, for an instruction to enter the CPU during an opcode fetch machine cycle. Different machine cycles like memory read, memory write, and I/O cycles take 3 T-states to complete.

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    The timing diagram represents the execution time taken by instructions in a graphical format using T-states. It takes 4 clock cycles, or T-states, for an instruction to enter the CPU during an opcode fetch machine cycle. Different machine cycles like memory read, memory write, and I/O cycles take 3 T-states to complete.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    18K views25 pages

    Timing Diagram

    Uploaded by

    nikhilesh walde
    The timing diagram represents the execution time taken by instructions in a graphical format using T-states. It takes 4 clock cycles, or T-states, for an instruction to enter the CPU during an opcode fetch machine cycle. Different machine cycles like memory read, memory write, and I/O cycles take 3 T-states to complete.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    V Timing Diagram is a graphical representation.

    It
    represents the execution time taken by each instruction in
    a graphical format. The execution time is represented in T-
    states.
    ›  
    
    V The time required to execute an instruction is called
    instruction cycle.
    ž  
    
    V The time required to access the memory or input/output
    devices is called machine cycle.
      
     The machine cycle and instruction cycle takes multiple
    clock periods.
     A portion of an operation carried out in one system
    clock period is called as T-state.
    Instruction Cycle

    M1 M2 M3 M4 M5

    T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6

    ž ž  
    
       
    The 8085 microprocessor has 5 (seven) basic
    machine cycles. They are
    V Opcode fetch cycle (4T)
    V Oprand fetch Cycle(3T)
    V Memory read cycle (3 T)
    V Memory write cycle (3 T)
    V I/O read cycle (3 T)
    V I/O write cycle (3 T)
    V Interrupt acknoledge cycle
    V Idle machine cycle
    V %       
    
      
    V        
     
             
    
         
    
    V     
       
       
     
    V     
         
       
     
    V ›         
         
      
                 
       
      
    Instruction
    (opcode)
    reaches the
    instruction
    decoder now !

    It takes four
    clock cycles to
    get one
    instruction into
    the CPU.
    Machine Cycle IO/ M S1 S2

    Opcade fetch 0 1 1

    Memory read 0 1 0

    Memory write 0 0 1

    I/O read 1 1 0

    I/O write 1 0 1

    Interrupt 1 1 1
    Acknowledge
    Bus Ideal 0 0 0
    Instruction Operation performed
    CALL Stack pointer is
    decremented by 1
    CALL conditional Stack pointer is
    PUSH RP decremented by 1
    DCX RP Regester pair
    decremented by 1
    INX RP Regester pair
    incremented by 1
    PCHL HL pair trancfered to
    PC
    SPHL HL pair trancfered to
    SP
    RET conditional The condition of flags
    checked
    V The memory read machine cycle is executed
    by the processor to read a data byte from
    memory.
    V The processor takes 3T states to execute this
    cycle.
    V The instructions which have more than one
    byte word size will use the machine cycle
    after the opcode fetch machine cycle.
    V The memory write machine cycle is executed
    by the processor to write a data byte in a
    memory location.
    V The processor takes, 3T states to execute
    this machine cycle.
    V The I/O Read cycle is executed by the
    processor to read a data byte from I/O port
    or from the peripheral, which is I/O, mapped
    in the system.
    V The processor takes 3T states to execute this
    machine cycle.
    V The IN instruction uses this machine cycle
    during the execution.
    ALL MOV R1,R2 ALL ADD R
    ALL ADC R CMA,CMC,STC
    ALL CMP R ALL INR R
    ALL DCR R ALL ORA R,ANA R,XRA R
    ALL ROTATE ALL SUB R
    INSTRUCTIONS
    ALL SBB R RIM,SIM
    DAA EI,DI
    NOP XCHG
    
    

    

    
    
    

    

     
    
    

    
    

    
    

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    ADI DATA ANI DATA
    ACI DATA ORI DATA
    SUI DATA XRI DATA
    SBI DATA MVI R,DATA

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