ANSWERS 293

ANSWERS
EXERCISE 1.1
1. (a) Lahulspiti: –8°C, Srinagar: –2°C, Shimla: 5°C, Ooty: 14°C, Bangalore: 22°C
(b) 30°C (c) 6°C (d) Yes; No 2. 35
3. –7°C; –3°C 4. 6200 m 5. By a positive integer; Rs 358
6. By a negative integer; – 10. 7. (ii) is the magic square
9. (a) < (b) < (c) > (d) s<
(e) >
10. (i) 11 jumps (ii) 5 jumps (iii) (a) –3 + 2 –3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 –3 + 2 –3 = – 8
(b) 4 – 2 + 4 – 2 + 4 = 8
8 in (b) represents going up 8 steps.

EXERCISE 1.2
1. One such pair could be:
(a) –10, 3 (b) – 6, 4; (– 6 – 4 = –10) (c) –3, 3
2. One such pair could be:
(a) –2, –10; [–2 – (–10) = 8] (b) – 6, 1
(c) –1, 2; (–1 – 2 = –3)
3. Scores of both the teams are same, i.e., –30; Yes
4. (i) –5 (ii) 0 (iii) –17 (iv) –7
(v) –3
EXERCISE 1.3
1. (a) –3 (b) –225 (c) 630 (d) 316 (e) 0
(f) 1320 (g) 162 (h) –360 (i) –24 (j) 36
3. (i) – a (ii) (a) 22 (b) –37 (c) 0
4. –1 × 5 = –5, –1 × 4 = – 4 = – 5 + 1, – 1 × 3 = – 3 = – 4 + 1,
–1 × 2 = – 2 = – 3 + 1, – 1 × 1 = – 1 = – 2 + 1, – 1 × 0 = 0 = – 1 + 1 so, – 1 × (–1) = 0 + 1 = 1.
5. (a) 480 (b) – 53000 (c) – 15000 (d) – 4182
(e) – 62500 (f) 336 (g) 493 (h) 1140
6. – 10°C 7. (i) 8 (ii) 15 (iii) 0
8. (a) Loss of Rs 1000 (b) 4000 bags
9. (a) – 9 (b) – 7 (c) 7 (d) – 11
 294 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 1.4
1. (a) –3 (b) –10 (c) 4 (d) –1
(e) –13 (f ) 0 (g) 1 (h) –1 (i) 1
3. (a) 1 (b) 75 (c) – 206 (d) –1
(e) – 87 (f ) – 48 (g) –10 (h) –12
4. (–6, 2), (–12, 4), (12, – 4), (9, –3), (–9, 3) (There could be many such pairs)
5. 9 p.m.; – 14°C 6. (i) 8 (ii) 13 7. 1 hour

EXERCISE 2.1

7 39 7 31 91
1. (i) (ii) 4 (iii) (iv)
5 8 8 35 165

13 3 37 1 39 7
(v) 2 (vi) 6 (vii) 4
5 5 6 6 8 8

2 8 2 7 3 1 139 1
2. (i) , , (ii) , , 3. Yes 4. 46 cm
3 21 9 10 7 5 3 3

17 5
5. (i) 8 cm (ii) 7 cm ; Perimeter of ΔABE is greater.
20 6

3 2 1 1
6. cm 7. ; Ritu; 8. Vaibhav; by of an hour.
10 5 5 6

EXERCISE 2.2
1. (i) (d) (ii) (b) (iii) (a) (iv) (c)
2. (i) (c) (ii) (a) (iii) (b)
1 1 5 1 2
3. (i) 4 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) 1 (v) 2
5 3 7 9 3

2 1
(vi) 15 (vii) 6 (viii) 16 (ix) 4 (x) 9
7 3

4. One way of doing this is:

(i) (ii) (iii)

5. (a) (i) 12 (ii) 23 (b) (i) 12 (ii) 18 (c) (i) 12 (ii) 27 (d)(i) 16 (ii) 28
 ANSWERS 295

3 3 3 1
6. (a) 15 (b) 33 (c) 15 (d) 25
5 4 4 3
1 1
(e) 19 (f) 27
2 5
3 1 19 1 3
7. (a) (i) 1 (ii) 2 (b) (i) 2 (ii) 6 8. (i) 2 litres (ii)
8 9 48 24 5

EXERCISE 2.3
1 3 1 2 6 3
1. (i) (a) (b) (c) (ii) (a) (b) (c)
16 20 3 63 35 70
7 2 9 2
2. (i) 1 (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
9 9 16 25
5 13 13
(v) (vi) 1 (vii) 1
8 20 48
1 44 1 33 4 1
3. (i) 2 (ii) 4 (iii) 8 (iv) 2 (v) 1 (vi) 7 (vii) 2
10 45 42 35 5 7

3 5 1 6 1 1
4. (i) of (ii) of 5. 2 m 6. 10 hours 7. 44 km
5 8 2 7 4 2
5 1 8 8
8. (a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) (ii)
10 2 15 15

EXERCISE 2.4
84 24 3 9 7
1. (i) 16 (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
5 7 2 7 5
7 8 7
2. (i) (improper fraction) (ii) (improper fraction) (iii) (proper fraction)
3 5 9
5 7
(iv) (proper fraction) (v) (proper fraction) (vi) 8(whole number)
6 12
(vii) 11 (whole number)
7 4 6 13 7 31
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
6 45 91 9 8 49
4 2 3 35 21 4
4. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
5 3 8 9 16 15
48 11
(vii) (viii)
25 6
 296 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 2.5
1. (i) 0.5 (ii) 0.7 (iii) 7 (iv) 1.49 (v) 2.30 (vi) 0.88
2. (i) Rs 0.07 (ii) Rs 7.07 (iii) Rs 77.77 (iv) Rs 0.50 (v) Rs 2.35
3. (i) 0.05m, 0.00005 km (ii) 3.5 cm, 0.035m, 0.000035 km
4. (i) 0.2 kg (ii) 3.470 kg (iii) 4.008 kg
1 1 1 1
5. (i) 2 × 10 + 0 × 1 + 0 × +3× (ii) 2 × 1 + 0 × +3×
10 100 10 100
1 1
(iii) 2 × 100 + 0 × 10 + 0 × 1 + 0 × +3×
10 100
1 1 1
(iv) 2 × 1 + 0 × +3× +4×
10 100 1000
6. (i) Ones (ii) Hundredths (iii) Tenths (iv) Hundredths (v) Thousandths
7. Ayub travelled more by 0.9 km or 900 m 8. Sarala bought more fruits 9. 14.6 km

EXERCISE 2.6
1. (i) 1.2 (ii) 36.8 (iii) 13.55 (iv) 80.4 (v) 0.35 (vi) 844.08
(vii) 1.72
2. 17.1 cm2
3. (i) 13 (ii) 368 (iii) 1537 (iv) 1680.7 (v) 3110 (vi) 15610
(vii) 362 (viii) 4307 (ix) 5 (x) 0.8 (xi) 90 (xii) 30
4. 553 km 5. (i) 0.75 (ii) 5.17 (iii) 63.36 (iv) 4.03 (v) 0.025
(vi) 1.68 (vii) 0.0214 (viii) 10.5525 (ix) 1.0101 (x) 110.011

EXERCISE 2.7
1. (i) 0.2 (ii) 0.07 (iii) 0.62 (iv) 10.9 (v) 162.8 (vi) 2.07
(vii) 0.99 (viii) 0.16
2. (i) 0.48 (ii) 5.25 (iii) 0.07 (iv) 3.31 (v) 27.223 (vi) 0.056
(vii) 0.397
3. (i) 0.027 (ii) 0.003 (iii) 0.0078 (iv) 4.326 (v) 0.236 (vi) 0.9853
4. (i) 0.0079 (ii) 0.0263 (iii) 0.03853 (iv) 0.1289 (v) 0.0005
5. (i) 2 (ii) 180 (iii) 6.5 (iv) 44.2 (v) 2 (vi) 31
(vii) 510 (viii) 27 (ix) 2.1 6. 18 km

EXERCISE 3.1
2. Marks Tally Marks Frequency
1 | 1
2 || 2
 ANSWERS 297

3 | 1

4 ||| 3

5 |||| 5

6 |||| 4

7 || 2

8 | 1

9 | 1

(i) 9 (ii) 1 (iii) 8 (iv) 5

0+8+6+ 4 18 9
3. 2 4. 50 5. (i) 12.5 (ii) 3 (iii) = or (iv) A
4 4 2
6. (i) Highest marks = 95, Lowest marks = 39 (ii) 56 (iii) 73 7. 2058
8. (i) 20.5 (ii) 5.9 (iii) 5 9. (i) 151 cm (ii) 128 cm (iii) 23 cm (iv) 141.4 cm (v) 5

EXERCISE 3.2
1. Mode = 20, Median = 20, Yes. 2. Mean = 39, Mode = 15, Median = 15, No.
3. (i) Mode = 38, 43; Median = 40 (ii) Yes, there are 2 modes.
4. Mode = 14, Median = 14
5. (i) T (ii) F (iii) T (iv) F

EXERCISE 3.3
1. (a) Cat (b) 8
4. (i) Maths (ii) S. Science (iii) Hindi
5. (ii) Cricket (iii) Watching sports
6. (i) Jammu (ii) Jammu, Bangalore
(iii) Bangalore and Jaipur or Bangalore and Ahmedabad (iv) Mumbai
EXERCISE 3.4
1. (i) Certain to happen (ii) Can happen but not certain (iii) Imposible
(iv) Can happen but not certain (v) Can happen but not certain
1 1 1
2. (i) (ii) 3.
6 6 2

EXERCISE 4.1
1. (i) No. (ii) No (iii) Yes (iv) No (v) Yes (vi) No
(vii) Yes (viii) No (ix) No (x) No (xi) Yes
 298 MATHEMATICS

2. (a) No (b) No (c) Yes (d) No (e) No (f) No

3. (i) p=3 (ii) m = 6

b
4. (i) x+4=9 (ii) y – 2 = 8 (iii) 10a = 70 (iv) =6
5
3t x
(v) = 15 (vi) 7m + 7 = 77 (vii) – 4 = 4 (viii) 6y – 6 = 60
4 4
z
(ix) 3 30
3
5. (i) The sum of p and 4 is 15 (ii) 7 subtracted from m is 3
(iii) Twice a number m is 7 (iv) One-fifth of a number m is 3
(v) Three-fifth of a number m is 6 (vi) Three times a number p when added to 4 gives 25
(vii) 2 subtracted from four times a number p is 18
(viii) Add 2 to half of a number p to get 8
6. (i) 5m + 7 = 37 (ii) 3y + 4 = 49 (iii) 2l + 7 = 87 (iv) 4b = 180°

EXERCISE 4.2
1. (a) Add 1 to both sides; x = 1 (b) Subtract 1 from both sides; x = –1
(c) Add 1 to both sides; x = 6 (d) Subtract 6 from both sides; x = – 4
(e) Add 4 to both sides; y = –3 (f) Add 4 to both sides; y = 8
(g) Subtract 4 from both sides; y = 0 (h) Subtract 4 from both sides; y = – 8
2. (a) Divide both sides by 3; l = 14 (b) Multiply both sides by 2; b = 12

25
(c) Multiply both sides by 7; p = 28 (d) Divide both sides by 4; x =
4

36 15
(e) Divide both sides by 8; y = (f) Multiply both sides by 3; z =
8 4

7 1
(g) Multiply both sides by 5; a = (h) Divide both sides by 20; t =
3 2
3. (a) Step 1: Add 2 to both sides (b) Step 1: Subtract 7 from both sides
Step 2: Divide both sides by 3; n = 16 Step 2: Divide both sides by 5; m = 2
(c) Step 1: Multiply both sides by 3 (d) Step 1: Multiply both sides 10
Step 2: Divide both sides by 20; p = 6 Step 2: Divide both sides by 3; p = 20
4. (a) p = 10 (b) p = 9 (c) p = 20 (d) p = –15 (e) p = 8 (f) s = –3
(g) s = – 4 (h) s = 0 (i) q = 3 (j) q = 3 (k) q = –3 (l) q = 3
 ANSWERS 299

EXERCISE 4.3
18 5
1. (a) y = 8 (b) t = (c) a = –5 (d) q = – 8 (e) x = – 4 (f) x =
5 2
1 4
(g) m = (h) z = –2 (i) l = (j) b = 12
2 9
17
2. (a) x = 2 (b) n = 12 (c) n = –2 (d) y = 4 (e) x =
4
1
(f) x = – (g) p = 7 (h) p = 7
4
14 6 6
3. (a) p = (b) p = (c) p = – (d) t = 0 (e) t = 3 (f) m = 2
5 5 5
x 2
4. (a) Equations are: 10x + 2 = 22; = ; 5x – 3 = 7
5 5
(b) Equations are: 3x = – 6; 3x + 7 = 1; 3x + 10 = 4

EXERCISE 4.4
x 3
1. (a) 8x + 4 = 60; x = 7 (b) – 4 = 3; x = 35 (c) y + 3 = 21 ; y = 24
5 4
x + 19
(d) 2m – 11 = 15 ; m = 13 (e) 50 – 3x = 8 ; x = 14 (f) = 8 ; x = 21
5
5n 11
(g) –7 =
;n=5
2 2
2. (a) Lowest score = 40 (b) 70° each (c) Sachin: 132 runs, Rahul: 66 runs
3. (i) 6 (ii) 15 years (iii) 25 4. 30

EXERCISE 5.1
1. (i) 70° (ii) 27° (iii) 33°
2. (i) 75° (ii) 93° (iii) 26°
3. (i) supplementary (ii) complementary (iii) supplementary
(iv) supplementary (v) complementary (vi) complementary
4. 45° 5. 90° 6. ∠2 will increase with the same measure as the decrease in ∠1.
7. (i) No (ii) No (iii) Yes 8. Less than 45°
9. (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) Yes (iv) Yes (v) Yes (vi) ∠COB
10. (i) ∠1, ∠4; ∠5, ∠2 + ∠3 (ii) ∠1, ∠5; ∠4, ∠5
11. ∠1 and ∠2 are not adjacent angles because their vertex is not common.
12. (i) x = 55°, y = 125°, z = 125° (ii) x = 115°, y = 140°, z = 40°
13. (i) 90° (ii) 180° (iii) supplementary (iv) linear pair (v) equal
(vi) obtuse angles
 300 MATHEMATICS

14. (i) ∠AOD, ∠BOC (ii) ∠EOA, ∠AOB (iii) ∠EOB, ∠EOD
(iv) ∠EOA, ∠EOC (v) ∠AOB, ∠AOE; ∠AOE, ∠EOD; ∠EOD, ∠COD

EXERCISE 5.2
1. (i) Corresponding angle property (ii) Alternate interior angle property
(iii) Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary
2. (i) ∠1, ∠5; ∠2, ∠6; ∠3, ∠7; ∠4, ∠8 (ii) ∠2, ∠8; ∠3, ∠5
(iii) ∠2, ∠5; ∠3, ∠8 (iv) ∠1, ∠3; ∠2, ∠4; ∠5, ∠7; ∠6, ∠8
3. a = 55°; b = 125°; c = 55°; d = 125°; e = 55°; f = 55°
4. (i) x = 70° (ii) x = 60° (iii) x = 100°
5. (i) ∠DGC = 70° (ii) ∠DEF = 70°
6. (i) l is not parallel to m (ii) l is not parallel to m
(iii) l is parallel to m (iv) l is not parallel to m

EXERCISE 6.1
1. Altitude, Median, No.

EXERCISE 6.2
1. (i) 120° (ii) 110° (iii) 70° (iv) 120° (v) 100° (vi) 90°
2. (i) 65° (ii) 30° (iii) 35° (iv) 60° (v) 50° (vi) 40°

EXERCISE 6.3
1. (i) 70° (ii) 60° (iii) 40° (iv) 65° (v) 60° (vi) 30°
2. (i) x = 70°, y = 60° (ii) x = 50°, y = 80° (iii) x = 110°, y = 70°
(iv) x = 60°, y = 90° (v) x = 45°, y = 90° (vi) x = 60°, y = 60°

EXERCISE 6.4
1. (i) Not possible (ii) Possible (iii) Not possible
2. (i) Yes (ii) Yes (iii) Yes 3. Yes 4. Yes 5. No
6. Between 3 and 27

EXERCISE 6.5
1. 26 cm 2. 24 cm 3. 9 m 4. (i) and (iii) 5. 18m 6. (ii)
7. 98 cm 8. 68 cm

EXERCISE 7.1
1. (a) they have the same length (b) 70° (c) m∠A = m∠ B
3. ∠A ↔ ∠F, ∠B ↔ ∠E, ∠C ↔ ∠D, AB ↔ FE, BC ↔ ED, AC ↔ FD
4. (i) ∠C (ii) CA (iii) ∠A (iv) BA
 ANSWERS 301

EXERCISE 7.2
1. (a) SSS Congruence criterion (b) SAS Congruence criterion
(c) ASA Congruence criterion (d) RHS Congruence criterion
2. (a) (i) PE (ii) EN (iii) PN (b) (i) EN (ii) AT
(c) (i) ∠RAT = ∠EPN (ii)∠ATR = ∠PNE
3. (i) Given (ii) Given (iii) Common (iv) SAS Congruence criterion 4. No
5. ΔWON 6. ΔBTA, ΔTPQ 9. BC = QR, ASA Congruence criterion

EXERCISE 8.1
1. (a) 10:1 (b) 500:7 (c) 100:3 (d) 20:1 2. 12 computers
3. (i) Rajasthan : 190 people ; UP : 830 people (ii) Rajasthan

EXERCISE 8.2
4
1. (a) 12.5% (b) 125% (c) 7.5% (d) 28 %
7
2. (a) 65% (b) 210% (c) 2% (d) 1235%

1 3 3
3. (i) , 25% (ii) ; 60% (iii) ;37.5%
4 5 8

3
4. (a) 37.5 (b) minute or 36 seconds (c) Rs 500
5
(d) 0.75 kg or 750 g
5. (a) 12000 (b) Rs 9,000 (c) 1250 km (d) 20 minutes (e) 500 litres

1 3 1 1
6. (a) 0.25; (b) 1.5; (c) 0.2; (d) 0.05; 7. 30%
4 2 5 20
8. 40%; 6000 9. Rs 4,000 10. 5 matches

EXERCISE 8.3
1. (a) Profit = Rs 75; Profit % = 30 (b) Profit = Rs 1500; Profit % = 12.5
(c) Profit = Rs 500; Profit % = 20 (d) Loss = Rs 100; Loss % = 40
2. (a) 75%; 25% (b) 20%, 30%, 50% (c) 20%; 80% (d) 12.5%; 25%; 62.5%

5
3. 2% 4. 5 % 5. Rs 12,000 6. Rs 16,875
7
7. (i) 12% (ii) 25 g 8. Rs 233.75 9. (a) Rs 1,632 (b) Rs 8,625
10. 0.25% 11. Rs 500
 302 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 9.1
2 1 2 1 2 3 5 8 10 9
1. (i) , , , , (ii) , , , ,
3 2 5 3 7 2 3 5 7 5
35 7 34 33 11 32 31 1 1 1 1
(iii) , , , , (iv) , ,0, ,
45 9 45 45 15 45 45 3 4 3 2
15 18 21 24 4 5 6 7
2. (i) , , , (ii) , , ,
25 30 35 40 16 20 24 28
5 6 7 8 8 10 12 14
(iii) , , , (iv) , , ,
30 36 42 48 12 15 18 21
4 6 8 10 10 15 20 25 8 12 16 28
3. (i) , , , (ii) , , , (iii) , , ,
14 21 28 35 6 9 12 15 18 27 36 63
3
4
4. (i)
–2 –1 0 1 2

(ii)
–1 –5 0 1
8
–7
4
(iii)
–2 –1 0 1 2
7
8
(iv)
–1 0 1
7 8 4 5
5. P represents Q represents R represents S represents
3 3 3 3
6. (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
4 5 11 4
7. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
3 9 18 5
8. (i) < (ii) < (iii) = (iv) > (v) < (vi) = (vii) >
5 5 2 1 2
9. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 3
2 6 3 4 7
3 2 1 4 1 2 3 3 3
10. (i) , , (ii) , , (iii) , ,
5 5 5 3 3 9 2 4 7
 ANSWERS 303

EXERCISE 9.2
3 34 17 82
1. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
2 15 30 99

26 2 34
(v) (vi) (vii)
57 3 15
13 23 1 89 73
2. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
72 63 195 88 9

63 27 54 6 6
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
8 10 55 35 55
(vi) 1
3 4 1 14
4. (i) –6 (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
10 15 6 13

91 15
(vi) (vii)
24 4

EXERCISE 11.1
1. (i) 150000 m2 (ii) Rs 1,500,000,000
2. 6400 m2 3. 20 m 4. 15 cm; 525 cm2 5. 40 m
6. 31cm; Square 7. 35cm; 1050 cm2 8. Rs 284

EXERCISE 11.2
1. (a) 28 cm2 (b) 15 cm2 (c) 8.75 cm2 (d) 24 cm2 (e) 8.8 cm2
2. (a) 6 cm2 (b) 8 cm2 (c) 6 cm2 (d) 3 cm2
3. (a) 12.3 cm (b) 10.3 cm (c) 5.8 cm (d) 1.05 cm
4. (a) 11.6 cm (b) 80 cm (c) 15.5 cm
2
5. (a 91.2 cm (b) 11.4 cm
6. length of BM = 30cm; length of DL = 42 cm
60
7. Area of ΔABC = 30 cm2; length of AD = cm
13
8. Area of ΔABC = 27 cm2; length of CE = 7.2 cm

EXERCISE 11.3
1. (a) 88 cm (b) 176 mm (c) 132 cm
550
2. (a) 616 mm2 (b) 1886.5 m2 (c) cm2
7
 304 MATHEMATICS

3. 24.5 m; 1886.5 m2 4. 132 m; Rs 528 5. 21.98 cm2

6. 4.71 m; Rs 70.65 7. 25.7 cm 8. Rs 30.14 (approx.) 9. 7 cm; 154 cm2; 11cm; circle.
2 2
10. 536 cm 11. 23.44 cm 12. 5 cm; 78.5 cm2 13. 879.20 m2
14. Yes 15. 119.32 m; 56.52m 16. 200 Times 17. 94.2 cm

EXERCISE 11.4
1. 1750 m2 ; 0.675 ha 2. 1176 m2 3. 30 cm2
4. (i) 63 m2 (ii) Rs 12,600 5. (i) 116 m2 (ii) Rs 31,360
6. 0.99 ha; 1.2 ha 7. (i) 441 m2 (ii) Rs 48,510 8. Yes, 9.12 m cord is left
2 2 2
9. (i) 50m (ii) 12.56 m (iii) 37.44m (iv) 12.56m
2 2 2
10. (i) 110 cm (ii) 150 cm ; 11.66 cm

EXERCISE 12.1
1 1
1. (i) y–z (ii) (x + y) (iii) z 2 (iv) pq (v) x2 + y2 (vi) 5 + 3mn
2 4
(vii) 10 – yz (viii) ab – (a + b)

2. (i) (a) (b) (c)

(d) (e)

(ii) Expression Terms Factors

(a) – 4x + 5 – 4x – 4, x
5 5
(b) – 4x + 5y – 4x – 4,x
5y 5,y
(c) 5y + 3y2 5y 5,y
3y 2 3,y,y
(d) xy+2x 2y 2 xy x, y
2x 2y 2 2, x, x, y, y
(e) pq + q pq p, q
q q
 ANSWERS 305

(f) 1.2ab–2.4b+3.6a 1.2ab 1.2,a,b

–2.4b – 2.4, b
3.6a 3.6, a
3 1 3 3
(g) x x ,x
4 4 4 4
1 1
4 4
(h) 0.1p2 + 0.2q2 0.1p2 0.1, p, p
0.2q2 0.2, q, q

3. Expression Terms Coefficients

(i) 5 – 3t2 – 3 t2 –3
(ii) 1 + t + t2 + t3 t 1
t2 1
t3 1
(iii) x + 2xy + 3y x 1
2xy 2
3y 3
(iv) 100m +1000n 100m 100
1000n 1000
(v) – p2q2 + 7pq – p 2q 2 –1
7pq 7
(vi) 1.2a + 0.8b 1.2 a 1.2
0.8 b 0.8
(vii) 3.14r2 3.14r2 3.14
(viii) 2(l + b) 2l 2
2b 2
(ix) 0.1y + 0.01y2 0.1y 0.1
0.01y2 0.01

4. (a) Expression Terms with x Coefficient of x

(i) y2x + y y 2x y2

(ii) 13y2–8yx – 8yx – 8y

(iii) x+y+2 x 1

(iv) 5 + z + zx zx z
 306 MATHEMATICS

(v) 1 + x + xy x 1
xy y
(vi) 12xy2 + 25 12xy2 12y2
(vii) 7 + xy2 xy 2 y2

(b) Expression Terms with y2 Coefficient of y2

(i) 8 – xy2 – xy2 –x
(ii) 5y2 + 7x 5y 2 5
(iii) 2x2y – 15xy2 + 7y2 –15xy2 –15x
7y 2 7

5. (i) binomial (ii) monomial (iii) trinomial (iv) monomial

(v) trinomial (vi) binomial (vii) binomial (viii) monomial
(ix) trinomial (x) binomial (xi) binomial (xii) trinomial
6. (i) like (ii) like (iii) unlike (iv) like
(v) unlike (vi) unlike
7. (a) – xy2, 2xy2; – 4yx2, 20x2y; 8x2, –11x2, – 6x2; 7y, y; – 100x, 3x; – 11yx, 2xy.
(b) 10pq, –7qp, 78qp; 7p, 2405p; 8q, – 100q; –p2q2, 12q2p2; –23, 41; –5p2, 701p2; 13p2q, qp2

EXERCISE 12.2
1. (i) 8b – 32 (ii) 7z3 + 12z2 – 20z (iii) p – q (iv) a + ab
2 2 2 2
(v) 8x y + 8xy – 4x – 7y (vi) 4y2 – 3y
2. (i) 2mn (ii) – 5tz (iii) 12mn – 4 (iv) a + b + 3
(v) 7x + 5 (vi) 3m – 4n – 3mn – 3 (vii) 9x2y – 8xy2
(viii) 5pq + 20 (ix) 0 (x) – x2 – y2 – 1
3. (i) 6y 2 (ii) – 18xy (iii) 2b (iv) 5a + 5b – 2ab
(v) 5m2 – 8mn + 8 (vi) x2 – 5x – 5
(vii) 10ab – 7a2 – 7b2 (viii) 8p2 + 8q2 – 5pq
4. (a) x2 + 2xy – y2 (b) 5a + b – 6
2 2
5. 4x – 3y – xy
6. (a) – y + 11 (b) 2x + 4

EXERCISE 12.3
1. (i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) –1 (iv) 1 (v) 1
2. (i) –1 (ii) –13 (iii) 3 3. (i) –9 (ii) 3 (iii) 0 (iv) 1
 ANSWERS 307

4. (i) 8 (ii) 4 (iii) 0 5. (i) –2 (ii) 2 (iii) 0 (iv) 2

6. (i) 5x – 13; –3 (ii) 8x – 1; 15 (iii) 11x – 10; 12 (iv) 11x + 7; 29
7. (i) 2x+4; 10 (ii) – 4x + 6; –6 (iii) –5a + 6;11 (iv) – 8b + 6; 22 (v) 3a – 2b – 9; – 8
2
8. (i) 1000 (ii) 20 9. –5 10. 2a + ab + 3; 38

EXERCISE 12.4

1. Symbol Number of Digits Number of Segments

2. (i) 2n – 1 → 100th : 199
(ii) 3n + 2 → 5th : 17;
5 26 10th : 32;
10 51 100th : 302
100 501 (iii) 4n + 1 → 5th : 21;
10th : 41;
5 16 100th : 401
10 31 (iv) 7n + 20 → 5th : 55;
100 301 10th : 90;
100th : 720
5 27 (v) n2 + 1 → 5th : 26;
10 52 10th : 101
100 502

EXERCISE 13.1
1. (i) 64 (ii) 729 (iii) 121 (iv) 625
4 2 4
2. (i) 6 (ii) t (iii) b (iv) 52 × 73 (v) 22 × a2 (vi) a3 × c4 × d
3. (i) 29 (ii) 73 (iii) 36 (iv) 55
4. (i) 34 (ii) 35 (iii) 28 (iv) 2 100 (v) 2 10
5. (i) 23 × 3 4 (ii) 5 × 34 (iii) 22 × 33 × 5 (iv) 24 × 32 × 52
6. (i) 2000 (ii) 196 (iii) 40 (iv) 768 (v) 0
(vi) 675 (vii) 144 (viii) 90000
7. (i) – 64 (ii) 24 (iii) 225 (iv) 8000
12 8
8. (i) 2.7 × 10 > 1.5 × 10 (ii) 4 × 10 < 3 × 1017
14

EXERCISE 13.2
1. (i) 3 14 (ii) 65 (iii) a 5 (iv) 7x + 2 (v) 53 (vi) (10)5
(vii) (ab) 4 (viii) 3 12 (ix) 28 (x) 8t – 2
2. (i) 33 (ii) 53 (iii) 55 (iv) 7 × 115 (v) 30 or 1 (vi) 3
(vii) 1 (viii) 2 (ix) (2a)2 (x) a 10 (xi) a 3 b (xii) 28
 308 MATHEMATICS

3. (i) False; 10 × 1011 = 1012 and (100)11 = 1022 (ii) False; 23 = 8, 52 = 25

(iii) False; 65 = 25 × 35 (iv) True; 30 = 1, (1000)0 = 1
5t 4
4. (i) 28 × 34 (ii) 2 × 33 × 5 (iii) 36 × 26 (iv) 28 × 3 5. (i) 98 (ii) (iii) 1
8

EXERCISE 13.3
1. 279404 = 2 × 105 + 7 × 104 + 9 × 103 + 4 × 102 + 0 × 101 + 4 × 100
3006194 = 3 × 106 + 0 × 105 + 0 × 104 + 6 × 103 + 1 × 102 + 9 × 101 + 4 × 100
2806196 = 2 × 106 + 8 × 105 + 0 × 104 + 6 × 103 + 1 × 102 + 9 × 101+ 6 × 100
120719 = 1 × 105 + 2 × 104 + 0 × 103 + 7 × 102 + 1 × 101 + 9 × 100
20068 = 2 × 104 + 0 × 103 + 0 × 102 + 6 × 101 + 8 × 100
2. (a) 86045 (b) 405302 (c) 30705 (d) 900230
3. (i) 5 × 107 (ii) 7 × 106 (iii) 3.1865 × 109 (iv) 3.90878 × 105
(v) 3.90878 × 104 (vi) 3.90878 × 103
4. (a) 3.84 × 108m (b) 3 × 108 m/s (c) 1.2756 × 107m (d) 1.4 × 109 m
(e) 1 × 1011 (f) 1.2 × 1010 years (g) 3 × 1020 m (h) 6.023 × 1022
(i) 1.353 × 10 km3 (j)
9
1.027 × 109

EXERCISE 14.1
1.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

 ANSWERS 309

(g) (h) (i)

(j) (k) (l)

2.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e)

3.

(a) Square (b) Triangle (c) Rhombus

 310 MATHEMATICS

(d) Circle (e) Pentagon (f) Octagon

4.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f) (g) (h)

7. (a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 4 (e) 2 (f) 4

(g) 0 (h) 0 (i) 6 (j) Infinitely many
8. (a) A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y (b) B, C, D, E, H, I, O, X
(c) O, X, I, H
10. (a) Median (b) Diameter
EXERCISE 14.2
1. (a), (b), (d), (e), (f)
2. (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 (e) 4 (f) 5
(g) 6 (h) 3
EXERCISE 14.3
3. Yes 5. Square 6. 120°, 180°, 240°, 300°, 360°
7. (i) Yes (ii) No
EXERCISE 15.1
1. Nets in (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi) form cubes.