3161 03110
3161 03110
3161 03110
3161 Governor
Manual 03110
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal
injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid
possible injury or death.
• DANGER—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death
or serious injury.
DEFINITIONS • WARNING—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
• CAUTION—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
minor or moderate injury.
• NOTICE—Indicates a hazard that could result in property damage only (including
damage to the control).
• IMPORTANT—Designates an operating tip or maintenance suggestion.
The engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover should be equipped with an
overspeed shutdown device to protect against runaway or damage to the prime
mover with possible personal injury, loss of life, or property damage.
The overspeed shutdown device must be totally independent of the prime mover
control system. An overtemperature or overpressure shutdown device may also
be needed for safety, as appropriate.
Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before
installing, operating, or servicing this equipment. Practice all plant and safety instructions and
precautions. Failure to follow instructions can cause personal injury and/or property damage.
This publication may have been revised or updated since this copy was produced. To verify that
you have the latest revision, be sure to check the Woodward website:
www.woodward.com/pubs/current.pdf
The revision level is shown at the bottom of the front cover after the publication number. The latest
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latest copy.
Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified mechanical,
electrical, or other operating limits may cause personal injury and/or property damage, including
damage to the equipment. Any such unauthorized modifications: (i) constitute "misuse" and/or
"negligence" within the meaning of the product warranty thereby excluding warranty coverage
for any resulting damage, and (ii) invalidate product certifications or listings.
Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information
provided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed
by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken.
© Woodward 1991
All Rights Reserved
Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
Contents
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
Chapter 1.
General Information
Introduction
This manual describes the operation, repair, and calibration of the Solid Piston
Air Pressure Fuel Limiter that is available for the 3161 governor. This device is
installed and calibrated at the factory.
Description
The Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter limits fuel in proportion to air pressure
from the air manifold or air box. The device improves performance of a
turbocharged engine.
In operation, the limiter uses the limit/shutdown pilot-valve plunger to allow the
governor output (fuel setting) to increase only with a corresponding increase in
turbocharger air pressure.
References
03101 3161 Governor
03102 3161 Governor product specification
03103 3161 Governor, Manual Shutdown Device
03104 3161 Governor, Pressure Shutdown Device
03105 3161 Governor, Electric Shutdown Device
03106 3161 Governor, Pneumatic Speed Setting Device
03107 3161 Governor, Speed Adjusting Motor with Manual Speed Adjust
03108 3161 Governor, Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
03109 3161 Governor, Load Limit Control
25075 Commercial Preservation Packaging for Storage of Mechanical-Hydraulic
Controls
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
Chapter 2.
Principles of Operation
Operation
The Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter is factory adjusted to provide an
output shaft position limit while the turbocharger boost pressure is below a
certain level, usually about 103 kPa (15 psi). As pressure in the air manifold
builds, the limiter raises the output shaft position limit until it reaches a maximum
position limit.
The limiter curve will resemble that shown in Figure 2-1. The slope and the lower
and upper limits are set during factory testing of the governor. Field changes are
nearly impossible to accomplish. The sealed covers to the adjustments should
never be removed unless the governor will be adjusted on a test stand.
Notice in Figure 2-1 that the fuel position is limited at a constant position until the
air pressure increases above 7 kPa (1 psi). This position is normally 19 or 20
degrees, depending upon the application. The position is adequate to provide
starting fuel if the linkage and rack are correctly set up. The adjustment for this
position is the Level Adjustment, located beneath the lock-wired plug on the
cover.
The position of the limiter is always a maximum allowable shaft position with
respect to the air manifold pressure. Output errors at less than the limited
position indicate possible problems in other parts of the governor, the linkage, or
the engine.
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
As air pressure in the air manifold builds, the piston in the limiter cylinder rises,
allowing the fuel-limit lever to rise and increase the maximum allowed position of
the output shaft.
The limit slope is a linear function of air pressure. The slope of the limiter function
is determined by a combination of the position of the range adjustment and the
spring rate of the limiter spring. The range adjustment provides a fine adjustment
of the slope.
The upper end of the limiter curve is horizontal, providing a maximum output
position, usually about 31 degrees. This maximum position is usually reached
with air pressure of more than 103 kPa (15 psi). The maximum position is set by
adjusting the high pressure stop with a small Allen wrench (screw 4 in the
exploded view). The adjustment is reached through a hole in the 0.250-inch Allen
socket (6) of the preload adjustment. Both of the adjustments are located
beneath a factory installed permanent seal which must be destroyed for access.
The proper slope and minimum and maximum limiter positions are
included in test specifications specifically designed for the engine
designation and application. These specifications are available from
Woodward by supplying the governor designation and serial number.
Within the governor, the limit/shutdown pilot valve controls the availability of
pressure oil to the speed-setting pilot valve which controls the position of the
power piston. The limit floating lever links the output shaft to the limit/shutdown
pilot-valve plunger with the pivot point determined by the limiter linkage rod.
This linkage allows the governor to function unimpeded, as long as the governor
Is not attempting to call for more fuel than the limiter schedule allows.
Control Functions
Turbo air pressure is a function of exhaust flow. Since the limiter works on air
pressure, allowing more fuel with increased pressure, the control provides a
maximum fuel schedule in accordance with the availability of air to the
combustion chamber. This helps to prevent smoke from the exhaust and
improves fuel efficiency.
Pressure Sensor
The limiter assembly balances the turbo air pressure against a spring. The air
pressure is applied against a rolling diaphragm at the bottom of the limiter
assembly. This attempts to push up on the piston, compressing the limiter spring.
The position of the piston sets the position of the limit lever, which determines the
location of the pivot pin on the limit floating lever.
The floating lever connects between the output shaft and the limit pilot-valve
plunger. Limiting occurs if the output shaft rotates enough to make contact with
the limit floating lever. At this point, any additional increase in output-shaft
rotation causes the limit floating lever to pivot and press down on the
limit/shutdown pilot-valve plunger. In turn, this limits the pressure oil to the power
piston, which rotates the output shaft. Because the floating lever is connected to
both the limit/shutdown rod and the output shaft, the movement of the pivot point
provides a constant ratio between turbo air pressure and the fuel setting.
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
Chapter 3.
Troubleshooting
Use the following Troubleshooting guide to troubleshoot the Solid Piston Air
Pressure Fuel Limiter.
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
Chapter 4.
Replacement Parts
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
Figure 4-1. Exploded View of 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
Chapter 5.
Service Options
OEM and Packager Support: Many Woodward controls and control devices are
installed into the equipment system and programmed by an Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) or Equipment Packager at their factory. In some cases, the
programming is password-protected by the OEM or packager, and they are the best
source for product service and support. Warranty service for Woodward products
shipped with an equipment system should also be handled through the OEM or
Packager. Please review your equipment system documentation for details.
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
This option allows you to call your Full-Service Distributor in the event of an
unexpected outage, or in advance of a scheduled outage, to request a
replacement control unit. If the unit is available at the time of the call, it can
usually be shipped out within 24 hours. You replace your field control unit with
the like-new replacement and return the field unit to the Full-Service Distributor.
Charges for the Replacement/Exchange service are based on a flat rate plus
shipping expenses. You are invoiced the flat rate replacement/exchange charge
plus a core charge at the time the replacement unit is shipped. If the core (field
unit) is returned within 60 days, a credit for the core charge will be issued.
Flat Rate Repair: Flat Rate Repair is available for the majority of standard
products in the field. This program offers you repair service for your products with
the advantage of knowing in advance what the cost will be. All repair work carries
the standard Woodward service warranty (Woodward Product and Service
Warranty 5-01-1205) on replaced parts and labor.
Flat Rate Remanufacture: Flat Rate Remanufacture is very similar to the Flat
Rate Repair option with the exception that the unit will be returned to you in “like-
new” condition and carry with it the full standard Woodward product warranty
(Woodward Product and Service Warranty 5-01-1205). This option is applicable
to mechanical products only.
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3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
When shipping the item(s), attach a tag with the following information:
• return number;
• name and location where the control is installed;
• name and phone number of contact person;
• complete Woodward part number(s) and serial number(s);
• description of the problem;
• instructions describing the desired type of repair.
Packing a Control
Use the following materials when returning a complete control:
• protective caps on any connectors;
• antistatic protective bags on all electronic modules;
• packing materials that will not damage the surface of the unit;
• at least 100 mm (4 inches) of tightly packed, industry-approved packing
material;
• a packing carton with double walls;
• a strong tape around the outside of the carton for increased strength.
Replacement Parts
When ordering replacement parts for controls, include the following information:
• the part number(s) (XXXX-XXXX) that is on the enclosure nameplate;
• the unit serial number, which is also on the nameplate.
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Manual 03110 3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter
Engineering Services
Woodward offers various Engineering Services for our products. For these services,
you can contact us by telephone, by email, or through the Woodward website.
• Technical Support
• Product Training
• Field Service
Technical Support is available from your equipment system supplier, your local Full-
Service Distributor, or from many of Woodward’s worldwide locations, depending
upon the product and application. This service can assist you with technical
questions or problem solving during the normal business hours of the Woodward
location you contact. Emergency assistance is also available during non-business
hours by phoning Woodward and stating the urgency of your problem.
For information on these services, please contact us via telephone, email us, or
use our website and reference www.woodward.com/support, and then
Customer Support.
You can also contact the Woodward Customer Service Department or consult our
worldwide directory on Woodward’s website (www.woodward.com/support)
for the name of your nearest Woodward distributor or service facility.
For the most current product support and contact information, please refer to the
latest version of publication 51337 at www.woodward.com/publications.
Woodward 11
3161 Solid Piston Air Pressure Fuel Limiter Manual 03110
Technical Assistance
If you need to telephone for technical assistance, you will need to provide the following information.
Please write it down here before phoning:
General
Your Name
Site Location
Phone Number
Fax Number
Control/Governor Information
Please list all Woodward governors, actuators, and electronic controls in your system:
Serial Number
Serial Number
Serial Number
If you have an electronic or programmable control, please have the adjustment setting positions or
the menu settings written down and with you at the time of the call.
12 Woodward
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