HOW TO AVOID DEATH BY

PowerPoint
Brain Rule

Think about

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Brain Rule

Think about

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Brain Rule

Think about

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Purpose It’s all about Relationships
• Purpose – what do you want to say?
– Is it clear?
• Concept
– Follow the four steps
– Does it engage the audience?
• Art
Brain Rule – Does the art evoke the right response?
• Color
– Does the color create harmony?

EXPLORATION| We are powerful and natural explorers • Evaluation
– Did you communicate what you wanted to?

36

Brain Rules from John Medina | www.brainrules.net

Think about
• What is the purpose of my talk? If your PowerPoint kills with it’s bullet point pain,
Then this is a way to bring life back again.
Our minds don’t remember text in bullet points.
• What’s the story here? After 3 things our memory slips, disappoints.
2

• What is my core/central point?
• What do I want them to do? Seven Questions to Knowing Your Audience
Think about these modifiers 1 What are they like?

• How much time do I have? Demographics and psychographics are a great start, but connecting with your audience means
understanding them on a personal level. Take a walk in their shoes and describe what their life
looks like each day.

• What is the venue like? 2 Why are they here?

What do they think they’re going to get out of this presentation? Why did they come to hear you?
Are they willing participants or mandatory attendees? This is also a bit of a situation analysis.

• What time of the day? Insert a representative

3 What keeps them up at night?
Everyone has a fear, a pain point, a thorn in the side. Let your audience know you empathize—and
picture or illustration of an
offer a solution.

• Who is the audience? audience member in this

rectangle. It helps to put a
face on the audience. 4 How can you solve their problem?
What’s in it for the audience? How are you going to make their lives better?

• What’s their background? 5 What do you want them to do?

Answer the question “so what?”—and make sure there’s clear action for your audience to take.

• What do they expect of me? 6 How can you best reach them?

People vary in how they receive information. This can include the set up of the room to the availability

• Why was I asked to speak? of materials after the presentation. Give the audience what they want, how they want it.

7 How might they resist?

• What visual medium is most appropriate for  © duarte.com 2008

What will keep them from adopting your message and carrying out your call to action?

this particular situation and  audience?

1. Start with the end in mind
If your PowerPoint kills with it’s bullet point pain, 2. Know your audience 
Then this is a way to bring life back again. as well as possible
Our minds don’t remember text in bullet points. 3. Content, content, content
After 3 things our memory slips, disappoints.
4. Keep it simple
5. Outlining your content
But tell a p|Story, just like we are friends
6. Have a sound, clear structure
I listen to how you think and comprehend.
‘Cause a p|Story tells you what you want to hear.
7. Dakara nani? (so what?)
It motivates and tells a story that’s clear. 8. Can you pass the "elevator test"?
9. The art of story telling
Be sure that you know that your Purpose is clear 10. Confidence — How to get it
It is why your p|Story will be treasured as dear.
Make it simple, even though your p|Story may be
GarrReynolds.com
As complex as neuro-brain-physics would be.
No matter how complex, no matter how boring,
Your purpose is why others won’t be ignoring
The problem you want them to see, and that they
Will want to act different, in just the right way.

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Concept Concept

Brain Rule Advocate

ATTENTION| We don’t pay attention to boring things.
Evaluate

Create
Think about

Explore The blueprint to Purpose is Concept. And your

The blueprint to Purpose is Concept. And your Path to the right one is stepping on four. 6
Path to the right one is stepping on four.
The first step is making ideas, so Explore.
Consider whatever may come through your door.
You might doodle, or write words, whatever – do more
And whatever you do helps to make ideas galore.
Don’t judge them, each one is important. Explore
Many different ideas, you will want more than four.
Don’t settle for preconceived notions. Ignore
That the only way there is one path. Do not Score!
Keep your judgment on hold. There is always an OR
That is waiting to spring from your mind. Except for
The time that your mind is stuck tight in a drawer.
No ideas. It is gone. Inspiration won’t pour.
No matter, we all sometimes will fight that stuck war.
Ideas are asleep, and our mind wants to snore.
Go backwards and forwards, provoke what is stored
In the cracks of your mind. It will come. Stuck no more.

Step 2 is Create. It is time to transform

The ideas you explored and poured out in a storm.
Disjointed ideas come together to form
Many different shapes. It is time to perform. Mind Map
Step 3 is the judgment time - Evaluate.
Now is the time to consider what’s great.
The ideas that were foolish, and just didn’t rate
Can be thrown in the trash. But they helped you create.

You pick the best one. Look it over, debate

if its right for the Purpose that up front you state.
The best one is clear. It has the right trait
To communicate something you want to relate.

Now you’ve got the idea! Step 4 is Advocate

That the one that you’ve got is the best one. It’ great!
Proceed with excitement. It’s time to create
The art that will fulfill the Purpose you state.

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Concept |Story
Brain Rule
SURVIVAL| 
The human brain 
evolved, too

Think about

From Beyond Bullet Points | Atkinson  www.beyondbulletpoints.com

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Art Art

Brain Rule
VISION| Vision trumps all other senses

Think about
The goal of the ART is to dramatically make
• Font style your idea come alive, and the viewer partake
In a P-story that helps them discover that they
– San Serif for screens Are a part of the story. And they agree, “Yes” “okay!”
www.clipart.com9
– At least 24 ‐ 30 point, and only 2  styles per slide
– CAPS are hard to read. Use Upper and lower case.
• Text
– One thought or idea per slide
– Phrases not sentences. 
(Should all start with either  nouns or verbs) Charts and Graphs
– Minimalism!!  • Use thick lines to show trends.
– 6 X 6 Rule  • Use bright colors for lines
(if necessary, use a handout for complex  information)
• Five lines or bars max per graph
– Sequential? Use numbers. 
– Ideas? Use bullets. 
• Guide the eye to the main point of  the 
• Graphics
chart (arrow, title, color, box, etc)
– Adds to comprehension, so make them relevant
• Shorten numbers 
(2007 = ’07, $10,436.77 = $10.4 on  an axis for ‘thousands’)
– Ask yourself: “Why am I adding this picture?”
– Avoid too many models (You want to have a  • See Visual Thinking Codex for best graphic type
‘memorable  presentation, right?)

The goal of the ART is to dramatically make

The concept breathe in, and the viewer partake
In a p|Story that helps them discover that they
Are a part of the story. And they agree, yes, okay.

(Now art is not something that everyone feels Swiss Army 

They can make, so they hide and make excuses and squeals.
But often our brains replace icons instead
of the creative stuff that we contain in our head.)
But many create, go on-line, look around.
Graphic (art) Knife
There is clip art and photos and more that abound.
Your judgment is now what you need and must choose
From the millions of choices that you will peruse.

Consider the Line, Shape and Texture of each

Consider the audience you want to reach. Realistic (photo) Symbolic | Text
Be it graphic, symbolic, realistic or text.
You want it to fit with your purpose, so next . . .
Does the art evoke just what you want it to do?
Does it reinforce concept, and give viewers the clue
That will help them remember and help them to take
The actions that make this world be better, be great? Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Charts & Graphs
Brain Rule

Think about

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Layout
Entrance and Flow
Layout

help you understand relationships

Brain Rule • White space
STRESS| Stressed brains don’t learn the same way.
Balance

Think about
Layout’s the white space, the balance and more
• Clean and uncluttered It considers relationships, rhythms and your
Thoughts and ideas that will fill in the space
– White space – use it! That our purpose intended to help you embrace. 11

• 6 X 6 rule = 6 words/line 6 lines/slide
• Animation
– Use sparingly and meaningfully. Ask yourself, 
“Does  using animation enhance the message?” > rhythm
I’ve got

– Don’t  annoy the viewer. 
• Good rules for Builds 5

– Wipe right for text
– Zooms work well for photos and images I’ve got
white
space

– Arrows going down? Use wipe from the top 4

Slide transitions are OK as long as they are  
is where you start
–
Where does the eye go next?
for consistency

GRID
FLOW
consistently used Entrance

use a

1 3

Who could ask for 
anything more?

well . . .

3rd Size
is the world’s

matters
A p|Story starts with an Entrance, because I’ve got balance

Our eye looks at one place to start. It just does!

Layout is
The Flow of the placement of parts that together what helps
you see

Help guide us along like the quill of a feather.

Design is the white space, the balance and more what Is important

It considers relationships, rhythms and your

Thoughts and ideas that will fill in the space
That our purpose intended to help you embrace.
Do you think this 
Layout was 
Consider consistency, visual clues, effective?

That help guide the viewer to carefully choose any questions?

What to look at, what order? The font and the flow Original idea from slide:ology
12

Are important to make it effective, you know.

These are mine

Customize your toolbar in PowerPoint with your favorite tools
Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Color Color TheoryRelationship between colors

Contrast
Brain Rule Relationship of light to dark

SHORT‐TERM MEMORY| Repeat to Remember.
Physical
Relationship of
color to object

Balance
Relationship of Major and Minor areas
Think about Psycological
Relationship of color to our feelings
Color’s not seen in its separate parts.
• Theory You see it together, like music in art.
Relationship’s key. Take a look at the chart
– Relationship between colors That shows how it fits and just where you can start. 14

– Keep it simple
• Use a maximum of  3 color groups.
• Physical
– What color is  the object?
– What is most important?
• Psychological
– Relationship of color to our feelings
– Bright  colors – happy, simple (childish)
– Greyer tones – sophisticated, classic (boring)
– Each color evokes personal feelings
• Balance
– Relationship of major and minor
– All colors are seen at the same time www.creativepro.com

• Contrast
– Relationship of light to dark
– Consider color blind issues
– Avoid red/green  together

Color’s like music that’s heard with our eyes

The colors of yellow, green, red, blue will surprise,
They touch deep in our hearts, and they also supplies
The harmony that make art soar to high highs.
To make the most impact, you just keep it simple!
(A smile is enhanced by the simplest dimple.)

Color is not seen in its separate parts.

You see it together, like music in art.
Relationship’s key. Take a look at the chart
That shows how it fits and where you can start.

Contrast and balance and theory together

With emotional links make a wonderful teather
To guide all our choices, and help us do better
At joining our art with our heart and our letters
Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
 Evaluate
Evaluate Purpose Concept Art Layout Color Evaluate

Brain Rule
LONG‐TERM MEMORY| Remember to repeat

Think about
If our P-story does what we want it do,
• Is the purpose so clear that we understand why? Then we ask all these questions, Evaluate who
Will be moved by the purpose, and concept and art,
• Is the concept so good it engages my eye? By the color and layout that helps us to start. 15

• Does the art evoke just what you want it to do?
• Does the layout help start you and carry you  • No spelling errors or sloppy grammar.
through?
• Is the color so simple, creates harmony? • Less is more
• Does it all work together to help us agree? Too many slides are…too many slides!

It’s all about relationships

A p|Story helps us to realize why
We must live in relationships, and we must try
To use what our hearts and our brains and our hands
Can create so our story we’ll all understand.
Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Make Presentation
Brain Rule
SLEEP| Sleep well, think well.

Think about
• Practice
– Practice with videotape again and again, to build confidence
– You don’t get a second chance to make a first impression
– Practice your presentation as if you were delivering your 
presentation
– Embrace anxiety, it gives you energy and passion
– Use your presentation volume when practicing
– Sit in the most distant chair from the screen & run through slides
– Practice your entire presentation including the slides
– Memorization leads to speeding up your delivery In conclusion:
– Use the key points in your slides as the foundation for 
conversation • I did not waste your time
– The main purpose of your introduction is to build a relationship  • I knew who you were and why you came
with the audience
• I was organized
• Partnership • I was interesting and conversational
– Customize the content to fit the needs of the audience
– Step away from the presentation and engage the audience with  • I knew my subject
an open question • I highlighted repeatedly the most 
– Look directly at the asker, nod your head, but step away to 
engage the whole audience when answering important points
– No audience participation = sleep time • I am finished, I enjoyed making this 
– Glance at the ‘picture’ on the back of the wall
– Never interrupt an audience member’s question
presentation.
– Give the audience a “change of state”
– Mingle with the audience prior to your presentation
– Remember, never interrupt and audience member’s question –
but with a difficult audience member – ignore (raised hand), set 
limits, write questions, defer • Use the speaker notes (preprinted)
– Remember your audience wants you to succeed
• Professionalism/Performance • Focus on the content and the audience.
– Present from the heart not a canned presentation
– The components of voice are: breathing; vocal cord vibration and 
• Don’t talk to the screen
the voice as it resonates out of the mouth
– Check your Voice Vitality – www.voicetrainer.com • Avoid standing in front of the screen or 
– Anchor yourself on audience’s left side of the room blocking anyone’s view with the screen of 
– Be at a 45 degree angle to the audience – rest position
– Parallel your shoulders to the audience when you are making a  the laptop.
critical point – power position
– Talk to people not to objects
– Move around including moving closer to your audience
– Reach out to the audience with palm(s) up
– “Uhs” and “ands” diminish your authority as a presenter and 
make you seem unprepared
• Props
– Use the ’b’, ‘w,’ or ‘.’ Keys to bring the audience attention back to 
you
– If technology fails, don’t panic, remember I know my outline, my 
material.

Powerful Presentations – Larry Ferguson FDOT

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
Accelerated Learning
Brain Rule
WIRING| Every brain is wired differently.

Think about

Based on Professional Learning Strategies: M. Tate 2006

Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056
© 2009 Teach America  As presented by Frank Broen & Sue Fody at the 2009 International Alliance for Learning Conference
© 2009 Teach America 
About our Presenter
Brain Rule
EXERCISE| Exercise boosts brain power

SENSORY INTEGRATION | Stimulate more of the senses

GENDER | Male and female brains are different

Think about
• What did you learn?

• What will you do next?

Frank Broen is President of Teach America. Utilizing 
the most cost effective tools to deliver direct, 
effective programs, Teach America specializes in 
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transportation issues. Formed in 1979, Teach America 
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undertakes. Teach America works as a partner to 
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Frank Broen [fbroen@teachamerica.com]
© 2009 Teach America  www.teachamerica.com 850 528‐6056