3g Drive Test Learning

Interview and drive test tips
WCDMA Introduction and Overview

WCDMA concept and Architecture Spreading and Scrambling Codes and Channels Code tree Rake Receiver Soft, Softer and Hard hand over Power control - fast and slow
WCDMA Drive test Overview using TEMS Investigation

TEMS Parameter for WCDMA Optimization Tips for WCDMA WCDMA Tools for Drive Test 3G Voice Call Testing 3G Packet call & Video call testing 3G Drive test KPI overview 3G Optimization overview
WCDMA Frequency and Spectrum Uplink=1920MHz -1980 MHz Downlink= 2110MHz -2170MHz Bandwidth=60 MHz Actual B.W assign to operator is 5MHz And out of that 3.84 MHZ is utilize. In WCDMA frequency reuse factor =1 because time and frequency remains constant.
In WCDMA first following process is done before Reading BCCH frequency. Slot Synchronization Frame Synchronization Scrambling Code CPICH is pilot which will read BCCH information After Synchronization . In WCDMA following Channels use for various function in UL/DL. Downlink:Uplink:1.DL DPCH 1.UL DPDCH 2.DL CCPH 2. UL DPCCH 3. P-CCPH 3. UL CPCH 4. S-CCPH 4. UL PRACH 5. SCH 5. HS-DPCCH 6. PICH 7. CPICH (primary and secondary) 8. AICH
WCDMA Spreading process
Spreading:- This is used to increase the B.W of the signal beyond the bandwidth normally required to accommodate information. For Spreading OVSF code are used which is known as Orthogonal variable spreading factor code . Spreading factor=chip rate/symbol rate . Scrambling Scrambling is used on top of the spreading so , it does not change the signal bandwidth but only makes the signal from different source separable from each other. Process gain = 10 log (chip rate/bit rate) As bit rate increase process gain decrease . Cell breathing is situation where cell foot print decrease due to large amount of user access the network beyond the capacity of that particular cell.
Eb /NO= Bit energy/Noise energy
Ec/No = Chip Energy /Noise Energy. Ec/No= Eb/No - process gain As per Eb/No is fixed for each service for Ex: voice =2 and video=4 Ec/N0= 2- 10= -8 for voice(for voice -8 is good limit) Ec/N0= 4-18= -14 for video(for video -14 is good limit) Process gain(voice) = chip rate/bit rate= 10dB Process gain (video) = chip rate /bit rate= 18dB Chip rate = 3.84Mchips in WCDMA.
WCDMA codes
Code tree
Rake Receiver
Soft Handoff
Power Control types
For Speech drive Test
Mobile TX power Received signal strength indication Target Signal to interfere ratio Signal to interfere ratio Speech quality mean opinion square Dedicate channel
GSM/WCDMA
Speech quality
SQI MOS Algorithm
Downlink Dedicate channel BLER%
Active Set- Currently serving Cell Measured neighbor- Defined Neighbor Detected Neighbor- Undefined strong detected server UARFCN DL- UMTS Absolute radio frequency channel number
Ranges for Radio Parameter

1. CPICH EC/No- 0 to -34 dB. 2. CPICH RSCP - -15 dBm to -140 dBm for each rake finger. 3.Ms TX power -44 dBm to 60 dBm 4. UTRA Carrier RSSI - -20 dBm to -140 dBm for each rake finger. 5. SQI MOS - 1 to 5 6. SQI - -20dBQ to 30 dBQ 7 . SIR - -30 t0 20 db (signal interfere ratio measured on DPCCH ) 12.2 Kbit/s: 30 dBQ 10.2 Kbit/s: 28 dBQ 7.95 kbit/s: 28 dBQ 7.40 kbit/s: 27 dBQ 6.70 kbit/s: 27 dBQ 5.90 kbit/s: 24 dBQ 5.15 kbit/s: 21 dBQ 4.75 kbit/s: 19 dBQ
Drive Test KPI
ParameterRSSI In Between -75 to -85 dbm RSCP In Between -75 to -85 dbm Ec /Io In Between -8 to -10 db FER 1% or 2% Ms TX Power - Between -5 to -10 Soft Handoff 35% of total time
Use full Plots
Server Plot Useful to find out Swap or Overshooting. UE Plot - To Check Neighbour Relation. RSCP Plot- Coverage holes Ec /No- for good Throughput and removing pilot pollution. 4th best Server Echno should be > -10db 5th best Server Echno should be > -10db
Condition for Radio Environment
Pilot Pollution RSCP >= -85dBm & Ec /Io =< -10 dB Coverage Limited RSCP <= -85dBm & Ec /Io => -10 dB Poor Radio ConditionRSCP <= -85dBm & Ec /Io =< -10 dB Good Coverage RSCP >= -85dBm & Ec /Io => -10 dB
3G voice call testing

SCFT-Single Cell Functional Test Before the single site verification, we should only ensure the following conditions have been met.
Alarm Check Cell Status Check Parameter Check
Alarm Check / Cell Status Check

The product support engineer will be responsible for checking and resolving all the alarms. It is important for the optimization engineer prior to any field test to check with product support engineer regarding any alarms especially intermittent alarms.
Parameter Check
The optimization engineer need to ensure the radio part parameters configuration list has been achieved. In the list the radio part parameters includes: the scrambling code, power setting, neighbor cell list, handover parameter etc.
3G voice call testing
Site Verification Items: Installations: CPICH RSCP, CPICH Ec/Io, Rx Antenna Swap Test Settings: Frequency & SC, Cell reselection parameters, LAC/RAC, Neighbor List. Functions: LA/RA update, 3G<->2G Cell reselection, SMS (MT & MO), Voice (MT & MO), VP (MT & MO), PS Attach & Detach, PS service, Voice/VP/PS soft handover, Voice 3G>2G handover
Testing On CELL site

Items: Voice Call (MT & MO) Purpose: Verify the voice call function is normal and the voice call quality is good Method: Make the dialing test of 3G voice service between two 3G mobiles, one for the terminating call and another one for the originating call. Test the voice communication quality Items: Voice Call (MT & MO) Purpose: Verify the voice call function is normal and the voice call quality is good Method: Make the dialing test of 3G voice service between two 3G mobiles, one for the terminating call and another one for the originating call. Test the voice communication quality
Feeder Connection Check

Test Process Items: Antenna swapping test Purpose: Verify the Rx feeder installation is right. Method: Switch the transmitter from one feeder to another, check the RSCP changed or not. If no change happened, it means that the feeder is correct. Notes: Check the RSCP from scanner
Problem and Solution

In the site verification, following problems have been found Scrambling Code Setting is wrong: The scrambling code from scanner
and mobile is different from the planning

After feeder swapped, the CPICH RSCP is 20dB lower than before.
Scrambling Code Setting is wrong The Scrambling Code may be wrong in RNC, check the datasheet in RNC. If the Scrambling Code from scanner is the same as that of another sector in same site planned, maybe the TX/RX feeder is crossed to the another sector. After feeder swapped, the CPICH RSCP is 20dB lower than before: The RX feeder is crossed to the antenna of another sector. In this case, the CPICH RSCP will be high in the coverage area of the other antenna. Check the connection between the feeder and the antenna.
DATA drive window
Drive Test tool for drive
Sony Ericsson C702 (capable of Scanning) Sony Ericsson Z750i (capable of Scanning) PCTel SeeGull LX WCDMA 2100 PCTel SeeGull LX Plus WCDMA 2100 Global Sat BU-353 (NMEA-0183)
Garmin 10 Mobile Bluetooth (NMEA-0183)
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Interview and drive test tips

WCDMA Introduction and Overview

WCDMA Drive test Overview using TEMS Investigation

WCDMA Spreading process

Eb /NO= Bit energy/Noise energy

Power Control types

For Speech drive Test

SQI MOS Algorithm

Downlink Dedicate channel BLER%

Ranges for Radio Parameter

Drive Test KPI

Use full Plots

Condition for Radio Environment

3G voice call testing

Alarm Check / Cell Status Check

3G voice call testing

Testing On CELL site

Feeder Connection Check

Problem and Solution

and mobile is different from the planning

DATA drive window

Drive Test tool for drive

Garmin 10 Mobile Bluetooth (NMEA-0183)

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