RTDG Ghij RTDG Ghij: Nygh Yh-Mkyhf FK

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 12

ntspaPL: ,];yhkpa miog;gfk;> [pj;jh (]dha;apah) ,jo;: 2:8> [khj;Jy; mt;ty;>1427> gf;fq;fs;-12 P.O.Box-32628, Jeddah-21438, E-Mail : suvanam@gmail.

com

Rtdg; ghij
<Uyf ntw;wpapd; topfhl;b
- M. [kPyh B.A

fy;Y}hpapy; fw;Fk; fhyk; nghw;fhyk;

m];kh mugpf; fy;Y}up> Vu;thb

y;Y}up vd;gJ xU Rje;jpukhd Ntle;jhq;fy; Nghd;wjhFk;. mq;F fw;Fk; khzt> khztpfs; gwitfs; Nghyhthu; f s; . gy; N tW ,lq; f spy; ,Ue;J xd;W $Lk; me;jg; gwitfs; ve;j xU ftiyAkpd;wp re;Njh\khf tho;fpd;wd. mJ Nghyjhd; khzt> khztpfs;. vq;Fk; fhzKbahj Xu; cwT xw;Wikia ,q;Nf fhzKbAk;. khzt> khztpfspd; xw;Wikapy; jhd; gytpj mw;Gjq;fis fhz KbAk;. xU khztDf;F mePjp ,iof;fg;gl;lhy; fd;dpahFkup Kjy; fh\;kPu; tiu cs;s xw;Wikia ,tu;fs; %yk; ghu;f;fyhk;. khztu;fspd; rf;jpf;F Kd;dhy; ,t;Tyf rf;jpfs; ahTk; vLglhJ. ,d;iwa khztu;fs; ehisa jiytu;fs;> ,t;thW rpwe;j jFjpAs;s khzt> khztpau;fs; jd;Dila ,sik gUt fhyj;ij tPzhf;ff; $batu;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. ,iwtd; jd; jpUkiwapy;>

nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdu;. kw;nwhU rhuhu; VNjh gbf;f te;Njhk; gbj;Njhk; vd;W vt;tpj Fwpf;Nfhs;fSk; ,y;yhky; Nrhk;Ngwpj;jdkha; ,Uf;fpd;whu;fs;. ,t;thW ehk; ve;j Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf tho;fpd;Nwhk;> vij Nehf;fpr; nry; f pd; N whk; vd; W Gupahky; ,sikahd jd; nghw;fhyq;fis tPzhf;fp nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. ,d; D k; vt; t sTjhd; Nkijfshf ,Ue; j hYk; ,];yhj;jpDila Nfhl;ghLfis mtu;fs; mwpatpy;iynad;why; mtu;fspd; tho;f;if Nfs;tpf;FwpahfNt ,Uf;Fk;. cyfpd; rpwe;j kdpjuhd egp(]y;) mtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;. ~MjKila kfd;

(njhlHr; r p 2-Mk; gf; f k; ghHf; f ..)

cs; N s
FHMdpy; fUtsHr;rp - 3 Mjhkpd; kfNd - 6 cq; f Sf; F j; njhpAkh? - 7 [dh]htpd; rl;lq;fs; - 8 ,e;J kjj;jpypUe;J.. - 10 FWf; n fOj; J g; Nghl; b - 12

~fhyj; j pd; kP J rj; j pakhf kdpjd; e\; l j; j py; ,Uf; f pwhd; =

(my; - Fh; M d; 103: 1>2)


fhyj;ijg; gw;wp ,t;Tyfpy; gy tu;zpg;Gfs; cs;sd. cjhuzj; j pw; F ~fhyk; nghd; Nghd; w J= vd; W tu;zpf;fpwhd;. Mdhy; nghd;id tpl kpf kjpg;Gs;sJ fhyk;> Vnddpy; ,t;Tyfpy; cs;s cau;ej nghUl;fis ; kdpjd; trg; g Lj; j pf; nfhs; f pwhd; . Mdhy; jd; tho;ehspy; fle;J nrd;w xU epkpl fhyj;ij mtd; jpUk;g ngwNt KbahJ. ,t;thW rpwg;Gkpf;f fhyj;jpy; kdpjDf;F Foe;ijg; gUtk;> ,sikg; gUtk;> KJikg; gUtk; vd;W %d;W epiyfis Vw;gLj;jpAs;shd;. ,jpy; ,sikf;fhyj;ij ,iwtd; nghw;fhykhf Mf;fpj; je;Js;shd;> Vnddpy; ,f;fhy fl;lj;jpy;jhd; kdpju;fs; MNuhf;fpakhfTk;> ve;j xU fhupaj;jpYk; RWRWg;ghfTk;> Gjpa tp\aq;fis fw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; Ntfj;ijAk;> mwpitAk; ngw;W ,Uf;fpwhu;fs;. mNj Neuj;jpy; khzt> khztpau;fspy; rpyu; ehfuPfk; vd;w ngaupy; fyhr;rhur; rPuoptpy; rpf;fp ehrkile;J

NygH yh- mkyhf;fk;

-kzit. m[P];. M.A

T+jp mNugpahtpd; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl;l Gjpa NygH yh(njhopyhsH rl;lq;fs;) mkyhf;fk;.

fle;j Vg;uy; khjk; 2006> rT+jp mNugpahtpd; Gjpa jpUj;jp mikf;fg;gl;l njhopyhsH rl;lq;fs; mkYf;F te;jd. ,e;j Gjpa NygH yh tpd; %yk; ntspehl;L njhopyhsHfs; kpfTk; ghJfhf;fg;gLthHfs; vd;W ek;gg;gLfpwJ. Gjpa NygH yh-tpd; rpy mk;rq;fs; gpd;tUkhW. ntspehl;L gzpahsHfs; mtHfs; xU epWtdj;jpy; gzpapy; NrUk; tiuapyhd nryTfs; > ,fhkh GJg;gpj;jy;> nthHf; gHkpl; kw;Wk; mijf; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyf;nfLtpw;Fs; Gjpg;gpf;fj; jtwpdhy; mjw;fhd jz; l j; njhif Nghd; w midj; J k; ntspehl; L gzpahsHfisr; rhHe;jJ MFk;. ,jw;fhd nryTfis epWtdk; nghWg;Ngw;fhJ. xU epWtdj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhU epWtdj;jpw;F khWk; nghOJ (Sponcership Transfer) mjw; f hd nryTfis Gjpa epWtdk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk;. ntspehl;L njhopyhsHfs; ,q;F ,we;Jtpl;lhy;> mtHfs; cly; f is nrhe; j ehl; b w; F mDg; G k; nryT epWtdj; i jr; rhHe; j J. ,J Fwpj; J mtHfspd; xg;ge;jj;jpy; Kd;$l;bNa ifnaOj;jpl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

mwptpg;G Rtdg;ghij elj;jpa ~khngUk; vOj;Jyfg; Gul;rpg; Nghl;bapd; KbTfs; vjpHtUk; ,jopy;
(,d; \ hmy; y h`; )
Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;) 1

(njhlHr; r p - 5 Mk; gf; f k; ghHf; f ..)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

( Kjy; gf; f j; njhlHr; r p -fy; Y }hp.) ,uz;L tp\aj;jpy; myl;rpakhf ,Uf;fpwhd;. 1) MNuhf;fpak; 2) mtDila tho;ehs; vd;whu;fs;.= Mjhuk; : Gfhup ~Nehaw;w tho;Nt Fiwtw;w nry;tk;= vd;w gonkhop jhd; ngUk;ghYk; ,d;W ,];yhkpa rKjha khzt> khztpfsplk; gpugykhf cs;sJ. Mdhy; mijtpl ,iwtDk;> ek; J}ju; K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fSk; kdpju;fs; jd; epiyfis vz;zp rpe;jpf;Fk; tpjkhf mofhf $wp tpopg;gilar; nra;fpwhu;fs; vd;gjid ,d;W vj;jid khzt> khztpfs; mwpthu;fs;?
fy;Y}upapy; fw;Fk; nghw;fhyq;fspy; rpyu; rpfnul;> fQ;rh> kJ Nghd;w Nghij nghUl;fSf;F mbikahfpd;wdu;. ,jw; F mtu; f s; nrhy; Y k; fhuzNkh nghOJ Nghf;fpw;fhfTk;> jd; ez;gu;fs; Kd; ehd; kl;Lk; cgNahfpf;fhkypUe;jhy; jdf;F Nftyk; vd;Wk;> kdf;ftiyfis kwf;f vd;Wk; gy;NtW mw;gkhd fhuzq;fis Kd; itf;fpd;wdu;. Gifapiy xopg;G ehs; vd;W xt;nthU tUlKk; mf;Nlhgu; 11Mk; ehspy; kl;Lk; vjpu;g;ig ,isa rKjhak; njuptpj;Jtpl;L ek; flik Kbe;jJ vd;W cs;sdu;> Nghijfspd; tpisit ngUk;ghyhNdhu; mwpatpy;iy. ,e;j Gifg;gof;fj;jhy; ,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lk; Mz;Lf;F 8 yl;rk; Ngu; capupof;fpd;wdu;. ,jid cgNahfpf;Fk; kdpjdpd; tho;f;ifia ,g;gof;fk; xt;nthU KiwAk; 15 epkplk; Fiwj;J tpLfpwJ. ,jid njhlr;rpahf gpbf; F k; kdpjd; jd; tho; e hspy; 7 Mz; L fis ,aw;f;ifahf ,wg;gjw;F Kd; ,we;J tpLfpwhd;. ,g; G ifg; g of; f k; 2020Mk; Mz; b y; kpfg; n gupa Ms;nfhy;yp Nehahf khwptpLk; vd tpQ;Qhdpfs; vr;rupj;J cs;shu;fs;. cyfk; KOtJk; 35 yl;rk; Ngu; ,g;gof;fj;jpw;F mbikahfp kuzpf;fpd;wdu;. ,e;j er; R g; G ifia mUfpypUe; J Rthrpg; g tUf; F xU Mz;Lf;F 10 yl;rk; Ngu; gpw Nehahy; ghjpg;gilfpd;wdu;. tsu;e;Jtpl;l ehlhfpa mnkupf;fhtpy; xU Mz;Lf;F 3 Mapuk; rpWtu;fs; ,g;gof;fj;Jf;Fk; ,e;jpahtpy; 2 Nfhb rpWtu;fs; ,g;gof;fj;Jf;Fk; mbikahfpd;wdu;. NkYk; epf;Nfhbd; Nghd;w er;Rg; nghUl;fs; kdpjdpd; ,uj;jj;jpy; fye;J clYWg;Gfs; ghjpg;gilfpd;wd. tpiutpNyNa kyl;Lj; jd;ikia milfpwhu;fs;. ,e;j rpfnul; tpw;gidapy; 3-tJ ,lj;jpy; ,e;jpah cs;sJ. 5 Mapuj;J 500 Nfhb ,jd; %yk; rk;ghjpf;fpwJ. Mdhy; Gifg;gjhy; tUk; Neha;f;F nrytpLk; njhif 13 Mapuj;J 500 Nfhbia kf;fsplkpUe;J tR+ypf;fpwJ. ,t;thW kdpjdpd; capiu mtd; mwpahj tpjj;jpy; gwpf;Fk; eQ;ir mkpu;jkhf vz;zp jd; MNuhf;fpaj;ijf; nfLj;J jd; KJikg;gUtj;ij Nehapdhy; fopf;fpd;wdu;. ,jpy; ,];yhkpa ,isQu;fSk; ,Ug;gij vz;zpdhy; Ntjid jhd; kpQ;RfpwJ. mjpfk; mUe;jpdhy; Nghij jUk; ghdj;ijf; Fiwthf mUe;JtJk; `uhk(jLf;fg;gl;lj)hFk; vd egp(]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;. mwptpg; g tu; : [hgpu; ( uyp) Mjhuk; : jpu; k pjp> mG+jhT+j;

mLj;J kJitg; gw;wpg; ghHg;Nghk;. kdpju;fs; kJtpd; gf;fk; nry;tijf;$l ,];yhk; mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. egp(]y;) mtu;fs; my;yh`;itAk;> kWik ehisAk; Mokhf ek;gpatu;fs; kJghdk; gupkhwg; g Lfpd; w ,lj; j py; mku Ntz; l hk; vd; W $wpAs;shu;fs;. ,d;W Nkiy ehLfspYk;> ek; ehLfspy; $l 5 el;rj;jpu N`hl;ly;fspYk;> rpy mYtyf tpohf;fspYk; Party vd;w ngaupy; ,irfSld; gupkhwf;$ba Fspu;ghdq;fspy; kJit fye;J jUfpd;wdu;. ,jid mwpahj rpyu; mij gUfptpLfpwhu;fs;> rpyu; mwpe;Nj gUfp mjpy; gy tuk;Gfis kPwptpLfpd;wdu;. ,jid egp(]y;) mtu;fs;> vdJ r%fj;jpy; NtW ngau;fis itj;J kJ mUe;Jthu;fs;> mtu;fsJ Kd;dpiyapy; ,irfUtpfs; ,irf;fg;gLk;> ghly;fs; ghlg;gLk;> ,tu;fis my;yh`; G+kpf;Fs; nrhUfp tpLthd; vd;whu;fs;. Mjhuk; : ,g; D kh[h epr; r akhf my; y h`; kJitg; gpopgtd; > gpopar; nrhy; g td; > mUe; J gtd; > Cw; w pf; nfhLg; g td; > Rkg;gtd;> Rkf;fr; nrhy;gtd;> tpw;gtd;> thq;Fgtd;> md;gspg;Gr; nra;gtd;> mjd; tUkhdj;jpy; cz;gtd; vd> kJTld; njhlu;Gila gj;J egu;fis egp(]y;) mtu;fs; rgpj;jhu;fs;. mwptpg; g tu; : md]; ( uyp) Mjhuk; : jpu; k pjp> ,g; D kh[h> mG+jhT+j; rpy ,];yhkpa ,isQu;fs;$l ,JNghd;w Function dpy; fye;J jd; epiyia kwf;fpd;wdu;. rkPgj;jpy; thu ,jo; xd;wpy; cz;ik rk;gtkhf ,lk;ngw;w gFjpapy;> xU Mz; kJ mUe;jptpl;L ,utpy; tPl;bw;f;F nrd;W jd; kidtp vd;W Nghijapy; jd; kfsplk; jfhj Kiwapy; ele;J nfhz;lhd;. ,t;thW NghijahdJ kdpjid kpUfj;ijtpl Nftykhf khw;wptpLfpd;wJ. egp(]y;) mtu;fs; ,jidAk; njspTgLj;jpAs;shu;fs;. kJghdk; ngUk;ghtq;fspy; xd;whdJ. khdf;Nflhd fhupaq;fspd; Kjd;ikahdJ. kJghdk; mUe;jpatd; njhOifia tpl;L tpLthd;. jdJ jha;> jhapd; rNfhjup> je;ijapd; rNfhjup Nghd;w cwTfSld; ghypay; uPjpahd njhlu;gpy; <Lgl;L tpLthd; vd;W egp(]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;. Mjhuk; : jg; u hzp ,iwtd; kJitg; gw;wp jd; jpUkiwapy; ~<khd; nfhz; l tNu! kJghdKk; > R+jhl; l Kk; fw;rpiyfis topgLjYk;> mk;Gfs; vwpe;J Fwp Nfl;gJk; i\j;jhdpd; mUtUf;fj;jf;f nray; f spy; cs; s itahFk; . MfNt eP q ; f s; ,tw;iw jtpu;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. mjdhy; ePq;fs; ntw; w p miltP u ; f s; = epr;rakhf i\j;jhd; tpUk;Gtnjy;yhk; kJghdj;ijf; nfhz;Lk;> R+jhl;lj;ijf; nfhz;Lk; cq;fsplk; gifikiaAk;> ntWg;igAk; cz; L gz; z p my; y h`; t pd; epidtpypUe; J k; > njhOifapypUe; J k; cq; f is jLj; J tplj; j hd;

(njhlHr; r p - 5 Mk; gf; f k; ghHf; f ..)

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

- M. m`kJ ghf;ftp. M.A ~kdpjid ehk; fspkz; rj;jpypUe;J gilj;Njhk; fUTw;w fUKl;il jd; nry;fisg; gpse;J ngUfr; gpd;du; mtid xU ghJfhg;ghd ,lj;jpy; tpe;jhf nra;J (Cleavage - gpstpg;ngUf;f Kiwg;gb) xU rijf; Mf; f pNdhk; = Nfhskhf khWfpwJ vdf; $wp jpUkiw $Wk; gbepiyiaj; jd; D ila gbepiyahf Vw; W f; vdf; $wpaij etPd mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; ep&gpj;J nfhs; f pwJ. ,jw; f Lj; j gbepiyapy; me; j j; epw;fpd;wd. tpe;jpid cUthf;Ftij fUtpaypd; xU rijf; N fhsk; %d; W tif mLf; F fshf tbtk; gbepiyahf jpUkiw $wpaijg; Nghd;Nw etPd ngWfpwJ. Foe;ijapd; clw;$Wfs; ahTk; ,e;j %d;W fUtpay; fz;Lgpbg;GfSk; tpe;J cUthf;fg;gLtij mLf;FfspypUe;Nj cw;gj;jpahfpd;wd. fUtpaypd; Kjy; gbepiyahf Vw;Wf; nfhz;lij Ke;jpa njhlupy; fz;Nlhk;. KjyhtJ mLf;fhfpa vz;Nlh nlu;k; (Entoderm) vd; g jpypUe; J Foe; i japd; euk; G fSk; > rUkKk; ,jw;fLj;j gbepiyapy; fUKl;il fUTWjiy xU cUthfpwJ. gbepiyahf etPd fUtpay; $WfpwJ. ,g; gbepiyapy; MzpypUe;J ntspg;gLk; tpe;jZTk;> (,jid capuZ ,uz;lhtJ mLf;fhfpa kPNrh nlu;k; (Mesoderm) vd;Wk; $Wthu;fs;) ngz; tpe;jpypUe;J ntspg;gLk; vd;gjpypUe;J vYk;G> rij kw;Wk; ,uj;j ehsq;fs; fUKl; i lAk; xd; i w xd; W re; j pj; J ,ize; J cw;gj;jpahfpd;wd. nfhs;fpd;wd. ,e;j ,izg;gpd; thapyhf tpe;jZ %d; w htJ mLf; f hfpa vf; N lh nlu; k ; (Ectoderm) fUKl;ilf;Fs; Eioe;J fUKl;iliaf; fUTwr; vd;gjpypUe;J Fly;fSk;> Rug;gpfSk; cUthfpd;wd. nra;tjhy;> mjd; gpwF fUKl;ilf;F ~fUTw;w ,t;thW gbepiyfspy; Foe;ijapd; clw;$Wfis fUKl;il= (Zygot) vd miof;fg;gLk;. cUthf;Fk; nghUl;L mr;rijf;Nfhsk; xU tifapy; ,t;thW tpe;jZ fU Kl;ilf;Fs; Eioe;J> mjidf; %d;W mLf;Ffshf tbtk; ngw;Wk; kw;nwhU tifapy; fUTwr; nra;tij xU gbepiyahf etPd fUtpay; clw;$Wfspy; vJTk; tbtk; ngwhkYk; ,Uf;Fk; $WfpwJ. jpUkiwapd; thu;j;ijfspy; ,e;j epiy epiyNa fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,g; gbepiyapy; fUtpd; epiy ~myf;= vdf; $wg;gLfpwJ. ~myf;= vd;w mugpr; vt;thW ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij ehk; RUq;ff; $wpdhy; nrhy;Yf;F xl;bg; gpbj;Jj; njhq;Fk; xU nghUs; xUtifapy; tbtk; ngw;wJk;> kw;nwhU tifapy; vd xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l gy nghUs;fs; ,Ug;gjhf tbtk; ngwhjJkhd fU vdf; $wyhk; . ,g; muG nkhopapd; ty;Ydu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;. vdNt gbepiyia etPd fUtpay; tpQ;Qhdk; %tLf;Fapup ,r;nrhy;iy ve;jg; nghUspy; ,iwtd; (Gastrula) vd miof;fpwJ. ,g;gbepiyapd;NghJ> gad;gLj;jpAs;shd; vdj; jPu;khdpf;Fk;NghJ jtW fUtiwfspy; kdpjd; vt;thW cUthf;fg;gLfpwhd; Neu; e ; J tplf; $lhJ vd; g jw; f hf rpy nkhop vd; g ij Ez; N zhf; f papd; Jiz nfhz; L etP d ngau;g;ghsu;fs; mr;nrhy;iy nkhop ngau;f;fhky; tpQ;Qhdpfs; vijf; fz;Lgpbj;jhu;fNsh mij ,k;kpAk; mg; g bNa gad; g Lj; j pAs; s hu; f s; . ,Ug; g pDk; > gpwohky; jpUkiwf; Fu;Md; jd;Dila fUtpay; rhu;ej ; ,r;nrhy;Yf;F ~njhq;FnghUs;= vdg; nghUs; nfhs;tNj kw;nwhU trdj;jpy; vt;tsT mw;Gjkhff; $wp epw;fpwJ! nghUj;jkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd ehk; fUJtjhy; (,ijf; jpUkiw $WfpwJ: Fwpj;J $Ljy; tpguq;fSf;F lhf;lu; khup]; Gify; mtu;fs; vOjpa E}ypd; jkpo; nkhopngau;g;ghfpa ~(myf; vDk; gbtepiyf;Fg; gpwF) ~tpQ;Qhd xspapy; Fu;MDk;> iggpSk;= vd;w E}iyg; tbtikf; f g; g l; l Jk; > tbtikf; f g; g lhjJkhfpa ghu; f ; f Tk; ) ekJ fl; L iuapy; ,t; t hNw nghUs; rijj; jpul;rpapypUe;Jk;> (cq;ifisg; nfhs;Nthk;. gilj;Njhk;. ePq;fs; ek;khy; vt;thW gilf;fg;gl;Bu;fs; vDk;) cz;ik epiyia ehk; vdNt MzpypUe;Jk;> ngz;zpypUe;Jk; ntspg;gLk; cq;fSf;F tpsf;Ftjw;fhfNt (,ij tpe; J njhq; F nghUshf khWk; epfo; r ; r p xd; W vLj; J iuf; f pNwhk; ) = eilngWtjhfTk;> mijNa jd;Dila gbepiyahfTk; jpUkiw $WfpwJ. jpUkiw $Wk; (my; - Fu; M d; 22: 5) ,g; gbepiyia nka;g;gpf;Fk; nghUl;L etPd fUtpay; Nkw;fz;l trdj;jpd; thapyhf %tLf;Fapup vDk; mofhf tpsf; f k; jUfpwJ. etP d fUtpaypd; gbepiyapy; fU ve;j epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij fz;Lgpbg;Gfspd; JizNahL ghu;f;Fk;NghJ tpe;jZ etPd fUtpay; fz;Lgpbg;G vd;d $WfpwNjh mij fU Kl;ilf;Fs; Eioe;J mjid fUTwr; nra;J vt;tsT ,uj;jpdr; RUf;fkhfTk;> fUtpaiy mwpe;J gpwF fUTw;w fUKl;il Neuhf fUtiwf;Fs; te;J nfhz;l ve;j eguhYk; rl;nldg; Gupe;J nfhs;Sk; mjd; Rtu;fSf;Fs; xl;bj; njhq;fpathNw tsuj; tpjj;jpYk;> ~tbtikf;fg;gl;lJk;> Jtq;FfpwJ vd;gij ek;khy; ghu;f;f KbfpwJ. tbtikf; f g; g lhjJkhd= vd ,uz; N l> ,uz; L vdNt Mz;> ngz; tpe;Jf;fs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,ize;J thu;j;ijfspy; jpUkiw vLj;Jiuj;J ek;ik tpag;gpy; fUg; i gapy; jq; F tijNa jpUkiw jd; D ila Mo;j;JfpwJ vd;gij ghu;j;jPu;fsh?. gbepiyfspy; xd;whff; $WfpwJ vd;gijAk;> ,g;gb kdpjdpd; clw; $ Wfs; midj; i jAk; nry; f Ns xU epfo;r;rp fUtiwapy; eilngWk; vd;gijAk; ehk; cw;gj;jp nra;fpd;wd vd;gij ehkwpNthk;. vdNt Iakwj; njupe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. ekJ Njhy;> rij> vYk;G> Fly;> euk;G Nghd;w ,jw;F mLj;j gbepiyapy; me;jj; njhq;F nghUs; vJthapDk; mitfisAk; nry;fNs cw;gj;jp nra;jhf xU rijj; jpul;rpahf khw;wg;gLfpwJ vd;gijj; Ntz; L k; . vdNt Nfhbf; f zf; f hd nry; f shy; jpUkiwf; $Wk;NghJ etPd fUtpay; fz;Lgpbg;GfSk; cw;gj;jpahf Ntz;ba ekJ clw;$Wfs;

FHMdpy; fUtsHr;rp

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

xt;nthd;iwAk; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; nghUl;L> mJ mjw;Nfw;w rpwg;gpay;Gfisf; nfhz;l rpy %yr; nry;fs; ekJ fUtpy; Kjyhtjhfj; Njhd;w Ntz;Lk;. vdNt fUTw; w fU Kl; i l rijj; jpul; r pahf khWk;NghJ ,e;j %yr; nry;fs; Njhd;wp tpLfpd;wd. MapDk; ,e;j %yr; nry;fspy; ve;nje;j nry;fs; ve;nje;j ,lj;jpy; mika Ntz;LNkh me;je;j ,lj;jpy; mit mikag; ngw;wpuhJ. ehk; xU thjj;jpw;fhf rijj; jpul;rpahf ,Uf;Fk; fU %tLf;F capupahfhky; mg;gbNa tsu;tjhf itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. mg;gbNa mf;fU tsUkhdhy; ehk; ,Jtiu ghu;j;jpuhj Xu; mNfhu cUtkhfNt ,J ,Uf;Fk;. mjd; fz;fs; Kfj;jpy;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gjpy;iyNa. mit FlYf;fs; $lj; Njhd;wyhk;. mjd; ,jak; khu;Gf;F ntspapy; Njhd; w yhk; . ~njhilapLf; f py; jiy ,Uf;fyhk;. MfNt ,g;gbg;gl;l Xu; gpwtp ,Uf;Fkhdhy; mJ tbtikg;G ,y;yhj gpwtpNaad;wp Ntwpy;iy. MapDk; rijj; jpul;rp %tLf;Fapupahf khWk;NghJ> ,e;j tpgj;J jtpu;f;fg;gLfpwJ. clypd; vj;jifa nry;fs; ve;nje;j cWg;Gfisj; Njhw;Wtpf;f Ntz;LNkh me;je;j cWg;Gf;fs; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba ,lj;ij Nehf;fp mj;jifa nry;fs; efu;e;J nrd;W cupa ,lj;jpy; mku;tjhy; mjw;Nfw;w tifapy; rijj; jpul;rpAk; %d;W tif %yhjhu mLf;Ffshf (Germlayers) tbtk; ngWfpwJ. ,jd; fhuzkhfNt %tLf; F apup tsuj; Jtq; f paJk; > mjpypUe; J cUthFk; capupdq; f s; mitfSf; F upa cUt mikg;igg; ngWfpd;wd. vdNt> capupdq;fspd; Fwpg;gpl;l cUt mikg;ig mit ngWk; n ghUl; N l rijj; jpul; r pia %d; W %yhjhu mLf;Ffshf %yr; nry;fs; efu;e;J nrd;W tbtikg;Gr; nra;fpwJ vd;W $WfpwJ etPd fUtpay;. etPd fUtpay; $Wk; ,e;j mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;ig jpUf;Fu;Md; ~tbtikf;fg;gl;l rijj; jpul;rpapypUe;J= vDk; thu;j;ijfshy; vt;tsT MokhfTk;> mw;GjkhfTk; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ. %d;wLf;F vd;Dk; ,g; gbepiyapy; capupdq;fspd; cUtj;ij mikf;ff;$ba %yr; nry;fs; ahTk; mjpy; tbtk; ngw;w NghjpYk; mitfspd; cWg;Gf;fs; Njhd;whj fhuzj;jhy; ,e;jg; gbepiyapy; capupdq;fspd; cUtj; Njhw;wk; ngw;wpuhJ vdf; $Wk; etPd fUtpay; fz;Lgpbg;GfisAk; jpUkiwf; Fu;Md; ~tbtk; ngwhjJkhd rijj; jpul;rpapypUe;Jk;.= vdf; $wpa trdj;jhy; vt;tsT mw;Gjkhf vLj;jpak;gp fUtpay; cyif tpag;gpy; Mo;j;jp epw;fpwJ! ehk; vt;thW gilf;fg;gl;Nlhk; vd;gjd; cz;ik epiyia ekf;F mwptpg;gjw;fhfNt ,f;fUtpay; tpQ;Qhdj;ij ,iwtd; $WtjhfTk; mt;trdq;fs; $Wfpd;wd. vd;Nd mw;Gjk;!. ehk; Kd; njhlu;fspy; $wpaJ Nghd;W ehk; vt;thW cUthfp te;Njhk; vd;gij fUtiwfspy; gj;J khjk; jq;fpapUe;J cUthfp te;j ekf;Fk; njupatpy;iy. my;yJ Foe;ijfspd; gilg;ghsu;fs; mtu; f sJ ngw; N whu; f Ns vdf; $wpa me; j ngw; N whu; f Sf; F k; jhq; f s; vt; t hW jq; f sJ Foe;ijfisg; gilj;jhu;fs; vd;gJ njupatpy;iy. ,e;j mstpw;F ,khyag; Gjpuhf tpsq;fpa xU epfo; r ; r piaad; N wh jpUkiwf; Fu; M d; ntl; l

ntspr;rkhfg; gpl;L gpl;L itf;fpwJ. gilg;G epfo;r;rp nka;ahfNt jpUkiwapd; ,ul;rfdhy; epfo;jjg;ngwtpy;iynadpy; ,k;khngUk; Gjpiu mtdhy; ; vg;gb mt;tsT vspjhf $wpapUf;f ,aYk;?. mwptpay; cyfpy; thOk; ehk; rpe;jpj;Jg;ghu;f;f Ntz;lhkh? ekJ rpe;jidf;F tpUe;jhFk; nghUl;L rpe;jpg;gjw;Fupa kw;nwhU Nfhzj;ijAk; ehk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;Nthk;. FUld; ghu; f ; f pwhd; > Kltd; elf; f pwhd; > MfNt ,tu;jhd; flTs; vdr; rpyUk;> mtu; Mfhaj;jpy; gwe;jhu;. mtu;jhd; flTs;> ,tu; fliyf; fle;jhu; MfNt ,tUk; flTs;> mtu; Kw;Wk; Jwe;jhu; MfNt mtUk; flTs; vdg; gw;gy flTsu;fs; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhu;fs; vd;gij ehk; mDjpdKk; fz;L tUfpNwhk;. Mdhy; ehNd ,iwtd;! ehd; cq;fsJ gilg;ghsd;! vdf;$wp tpQ;Qhd Afk; tiu ahuhYk; fz;Lgpbf;f ,ayhkypUe;j gilg;G epfo;r;rpiaNa> mg;gilg;G epfo; r ; r papy; fhzg; g Lk; gpioaw; w nka; a hd nraw;ghLfisNa (Process) Mjhuk; fhl;b> thjpl;L mwptpay; cyifNa tpag;gpy; Mo;j;Jk; xUtd; jpUf;Fu;Mdpd; ,ul;rfidj;; jtpu NtW ahu;? jhNk ,iwtd; vd;gjw;F mtd; jdJ kiwapy; toq; f pf; nfhz; b Uf; F k; vz; z piwe; j mwptpay; Mjhuq;fisf; fhl;bYk; tYthd thjg; nghUl;fs; NtW VJk; ,Ug;gjhf ePq;fs; fUJfpwPu;fsh? mwptpaiyf; fhl;bYk; rpwe;j Mjhuk; NtW vJTk; ,y;iy vd;gNj cq;fs; $w;whf ,Ue;Jk; me;j mwptpay; Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;Nl ep&gpf;fg;gLk; jpUf;Fu;Mdpd; ,iwahz;ikia kWj;Jiug;gJ ePqfs; ; ngw; w pUg; g jhff; $wg; g Lk; gFj; j wptpw; N fw; w nrayhFkh? ePq;fs; rpe;jpf;f Ntz;lhkh? tbtikf;fg;gl;lJk;> tbtikf;fg;glhjJkhfpa rijj; jpul;rpapypUe;Nj kdpjd; gilf;fg;gl;lhd; vd xUtu; $w Ntz;Lkhapd; fUtpaypy; ve;j mstpw;F Mokhd Qhdj; i j mtu; ngw; w pUf; f Ntz; L k; vd; g ij mijg;gw;wpa mwpTila ve;j eguhy;jhd; Gwf;fzpf;f ,aYk;?. nry;fs; vd;git Ez;Nzhf;fpahy; kl;LNk Gyg;gLk;. mjpYk; clYWg;Gfisj; Njhw;Wtpf;Fk; nghUl;L %yr; nry; f s; fUtpy; Njhd; W fpd; w d vd; g J etP d trjpfisf; nfhz;l gw;gy Ma;Tf; $lr; Nrhjidfshy; kl;LNk fz;Lgpbf;f ,aYk;. NkYk; me;j %yr; nry;fs; xU fl;lj;jpy; efuj; Jtq;fp %tLf;Fapupapy; rupahd tpjj;jpy; tbtikfpd;wd vd;gJk; nghWikAld; gy E}W fUj;Jf;fis gy tUlq; f s; Ma; T nra; t jhy; epiy ehl; l g; g Lk; cz;ikahFk;. MapDk; ,g;gbg;gl;l mwptpay; tsu;r;rpNah> Ma;tf trjpNah> mwptpay; fUtpfNsh my;yJ ,j;jF mwptpay; cz;ikfis tpsq;fpf; nfhs;Sk; mstpw;F mwptpay; jpwk; gilj;j mwptpayhsu;fNsh ,y;yhj Vohk; E}w;whz;by; te;j Fu;Mdhy; ,e;j cz;ikfis vt;thW njupe;J nfhs;s ,ad;wJ vd;gij kl;LkhtJ xU fzk; rpe;jpAq;fNsd;! cq;fs; mwpTg; grpf;F tpUe;jspj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; gy;NtW mwptpay; trdq;fis njhlu;eJ ehk; Muha;eJ ghu;jjhy;; cyNf ; ; ; tpaf;Fk; Fu;Mdpd; NgUz;ikfs; ekf;Fg; Gyg;gLk;.

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

(2 Mk; gf; f j; njhlHr; r p - fy; Y }hpapy; ..) vdNt mtw;iw tpl;Lk; ePq;fs; tpyfpf; nfhs;s khl; B u; f sh? my;-Fu; Md; 5: 90> 91 ,g;gof;fj;jpw;F mbikahtjd; %yk; jd; gbg;gpy; ftdk; ,y;yhky; jd; kdk; Nghd Nghf;fpy; nrd;W jd; vjpu;fhyj;ij ,Ushf Mf;fpnfhs;fpd;wdh;. kw;w kdpju; f splKk; ,opthd me; j ]; i j ngw; W f; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. egp(]y;) mtu;fspd; fhyj;jpy; kJ mUe;jpatid mbAq; f s; vd egp(]y; ) mtu; f s; $wpdhu; f s; . mg;nghOJ vq;fspy; rpyu; nrUg;ghYk;> MilfspdhYk;> fuj;jhYk; mtid mbj;jdu;. Mjhuk; : Gfhu p rkPgj;jpy; kJiuiar; rhu;e;j xU fy;Y}up khztp$l fQ;rh tpw;W fhty; Jiwapduplk; Fw;wthspahfg; gpbgl;Ls;shs;. (jpdkzp: 21-02-2006)
Nghijf;F Mz;fs;jhd; mbikahfp cs;shu;fs; vd;w epiy khwp ngz;fSk; ,jpy; <Lgl;Ls;sJjhd; kpfg; ngupa Ntjidaspf;Fk; tp\akhFk;. kWikapy; ,jw; f hd jz; l idfisAk; ,]; y hk; njspthf $WfpwJ.

kJ mUe;Jgtdpd; ehw;gJ ehl;fs; njhOif Vw;Wf; nfhs; s g; g lkhl; l hJ. mjw; f hf mtd; kd; d pg; G j; Njbdhy; my;yh`; mtid kd;dpj;J tpLfpwhd;. mij kPzLk; mUe;jpdhy; NkYk; ehw;gJ ehl;fs; njhOifia ; my;yh`; Vw;Wf;nfhs;s khl;lhd;. mjw;fhf mtd; kd;dpg;Gj; Njbdhy; my;yh`; mtid kPzLk; kd;dpj;J ; tpLfpwhd;. mij kPz;Lk; mUe;jpdhy; NkYk; ehw;gJ ehl;fs; njhOifia my;yh`; Vw;Wf;nfhs;skhl;lhd;. mjw;fhf mtd; kd;dpg;Gj; Njbdhy; my;yh`; mtid kPz;Lk; kd;dpj;JtpLfpd;whd;. ehd;fhk; jlitAk; kJ mUe;jpdhy; mtdJ ehw;gJ ehl;fs; njhOifia my; y h`; Vw; W f; nfhs; s hjJ kl; L kpd; w p mtd; mjw;fhf kd;dpg;Gj;NjbdhYk; mtid my;yh`; kd;dpf;f khl;lhd;. NkYk; mtDf;F `ghy; vDk; ejpapypUe;J Gfl;Lthd; vd egp(]y;) $wpajhf ,g;D cku;(uyp) mwptpj;jhu;fs;. mg;NghJ mG+mg;Ju;u`;khNd! `ghy; vd;why; vd;d? vd;W Nfl;fg;gl;lNghJ mJ eufthrpfspd; rPo;> ry ejp vd;whu;fs;.

mwptpg;gtu; : ,g;D cku;(uyp) Mjhuk; : jpu; k pjp> `hfpk; .


,iwtd; jLj;jijg; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; kWikapy; mtdplk; Fw;wthspahf epw;fpd;whd;.

njhlUk; (,d;\h my;yh`;)


rk;gsk; nfhLf;fg;gLk;. 60 ehl;fs; Neha;tpLg;gpy; 30 ehl;fSf;F rk;gsk; ,y;yhkYk; ,Uf;fyhk;. ,g;Gjpa NygHyh- ngz;fSf;F mjpf rYiffis mspg;gjhf cs;sd> mitahtd. xU epWtdj;jpy; ngz;fs; Ntiy ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl;lhy; mtHfSf;Fz;lhd <l;Lj;njhif epWtdk; mspf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; mtHfspd; jpUkzj;jpd; NghJk;> kfg; NgWfhyj; j pd; NghJk; rpwg; G r; rYiffs; mspf;fg;gLk;. 50 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ngz;fs; gzpGhpAk; epWtdj;jpy; mtHfs; Foe; i jfisg; guhkhpf; f Foe; i jf; fhg;gfq;fs; me;j epWtdk; mikj;;Jj;ju Ntz;Lk;. 100 my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l ngz;fs; gzpGhpAk; epWtdq;fspy; njhopyhsH mikr;rfk; (Ministry Of Labour) j i y a p l ; L F o e ; i j f s ; f h g ; g f k ; mikj;Jj;jUk;. NygH yh- 14tJ gphptpd; gb fpof;Fg; gpuhe;jpa njhopyhsH mYtyf ,af;FdH K`k;kJ my; `k;jhd; $Wifapy; njhopyhsH rq;f mYtfq;fSf;F (Labour Offiice) mjpf mjpfhuq;fs; nfhLf; f g; g l; L s; s d> vdj; njhptpj; j hH. NygH mYtyfq;fspy; ngz;fisAk; Ntiyf;F epakdk; nra;ayhk; vd;w Gjpa tpjpiaAk; njhptpj;jhH. fTd;rpyH ah]pH ,khk; my;-fe;J}H $Wifapy; ,g;Gjpa NygH rl;l jpUj;jq;fs; Kjypy; ,Ue;j gphpT 16d; fPo; mike;j 245 \uj;Jf;fs; midj;ijAk; ,J epiwT nra;Ak; vdf; Fwpg;gpl;lhH. NkYk; ,e;jg; Gjpa NygH rl;lj;jpUj;jq;fs; gzpGhpgtUf;Fk;> gzpapy; mkHj;JgtUf;Fk; ,ilNa gu];gu ey;ypzf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; vd;Wk; Fwpg;gpl;lhH.

(Kjy; gf; f j; njhlHr; r p -NygH yh..)


Gjpjhf gzpapy; NrHe;jtHfspd; gapw;rp fhykhdJ> vy;yh Ntiy ehl;fSk; fzf;fplg;gLk;. ,jpy; gz;bif tpLKiwfs;> Neha; tpLg;G kw;Wk; thutpLg;GfSk; fzf;fplg;gl;L gapw;rp fhyj;jpy; NrHg;gpf;fg;gLk;. cly; CdKw; N whH gzpahsHfis Ntiyf; F mkHj;Jk; rjtpfpjk; 2 Kjy; 4 Mf caHj;jg;gLfpwJ. Gjpa NygH yh-tpd; gb gzpahsHfspd; Xa;T ngWk; taJ Mz;fSf;F 60 MfTk;> ngz;fSf;F 55 MfTk; epHzak; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. gzpahdHfspd; tUl tpLg;G ehl;fs; 21 ypUe;J 30 Mf caHj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,r;rYif 5 tUlk; xUtH xNu epWtdj;jpy; njhlHe;J gzpahw;wpapUe;jhy; kl;LNk MFk;. xU epWtdj;jpy; 2 tUlk; xUtH gzpahw;wpapUe;jhNuahdhy; mtH `[; vd;w Gdpj ahj;jpiu nry;y 10 Kjy; 15 ehl;fs; rk;gsj;Jld; $ba tpLg;G vLg;gjw;Fj; jFjpngw;wtuhthH. epWtdj;jpy; gzpGhpe;J nfhz;Nl gbg;gtHfSf;F> mtHfspd; NjHT fhyq;fspy; rk;gsj;Jld; $ba tpLg;G epWtdk; mspf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; gzpahsHfs; xU tUlj;jpy; 20 ehl;fs; rk;gsk; ,y;yhky; epWtdj;jpd; xg;GjYld; tpLKiw vLj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. gzpahsHfs; Neha; t ha; g ; g l; l hy; jf; f kUj; J tr; rhd;wpjOld; 30 ehl;fs; rk;gsj;Jld; $ba Neha; tpLg;G (Medical Leave) vLj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. 60 ehl;fs; Neha; tpLg;G vLf;f Nehpl;lhy; %d;wpy; xU gFjp

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

Mjhkpd; kfNd!
(nrd;w khj ,jio gbj;Jtpl;L njhluTk;) me;j %/kpd; mk;kdpjiu Nehf;fp eP ahu;? vd;W Nfl;ghu;> mg;nghOJ mk;kdpju; ehd; jhd; (eP cyfpy; Njb itj;j) cdJ rhyp`hd mky;fs; (my;yh`; jhd; ,e;j cUtpy; cd;dplk; vd;id mDg;gpAs;shd;) vd;W $Wthu; mg;nghOJ me;j %/kpd; my; y h`; N t! vdJ FLk; g j; J lDk; ehd; Njb itj; j pUe; j vdJ mky; f SlDk; nrd; w ila kWikia cz;lhf;Fthahf!. vd;W Nfl;ghu;. kuz NtisapypUe;J fg;u; tiu xU %/kpDila epiy ,t;thwpUf;Fk;. mtd; ,iw epuhfupg;gtdhf G+kpapy; tho;e;jpUe;jhy; epuhfupf;ff; $batd; kuz Ntisia neUq;fp tpl;lhy; fUepw (tpfhukhd) Kfj;Jld; rpy kyf;Ffs; te;J mtdJ fz; ghu; i t vl; L k; J}uj; j py; mku; e ; J tpLthu;fs;. mtu;fsplj;jpy; xU fk;gsp JzpapUf;Fk; mg; N ghJ capiu ifg; g w; w f; $ ba kyf; F te; J mtdUfpy; mku;eJ V! nfl;l Mj;khNt! my;yh`;tpd; ; Gwj;jpypUe;J ,optpd;ghYk; mtDila Nfhgj;jpd;ghYk; eP ntspNawp th!! vd;W $Wthu;. mg;NghJ mt;Tapu; xspe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf cly; KOtJk; Xl Muk; g pj; J tpLk; . Mdhy; capiu ifg;gw;wf;$ba kyf;F mtDila clypypUe;J capiu gyte;jkhf gpLq;fp tpLthu;fs;> eide;j fk;gspapypUe;J xU Kbia gpLq;FtJ vt;tsT fbdNkh> mijtpl fbdkhf me;j capiu gpLq;fp vLg;ghu;fs;. gpd; d u; mt; T apu; me; j fk; g spahy; RUl; l g; g l; L KjyhtJ thdj;jpw;F nfhz;L nry;yg;gLk;> mJ xU gpzj;jpd; thilia tpl Ju;ehw;w thilaha; ,Uf;Fk;. KjyhtJ thdj;jpy; cs;s kyf;Ffs; ,J vd;d? Ju;thil vd Nfl;ghu;fs;. mg;nghOJ me;j kyf;Ffs; cyfpy; mtDf;Ff; $wg;gl;l ngaHfspy; kpff;nfl;l ngaiuf; $wp ,d;dhUila kfd; ,d;dhH> vd;W $Wthu;fs;. mjid njhlu;e;J thdj;ij jpwe;J tpLkhW &i` Rke;J te;j kyf;Ffs; $Wthu;fs;> mtDf;fhf thdk; jpwf;fg;gl khl;lhJ. egpatu;fs; ,t;thW $wptpl;L njhlu;e;J gpd;tUk; Fu;Md; trdj;ij Xjpdhu;fs;. vtu; f s; ek; trdq; f is ngha; g ; g pj; J ,d; D k; (mtw; i wg; Gwf; f zpj; J ) ngUikabj; j hu; f Nsh epr;rakhf mtu;fSf;F thdj;jpd; (mUs;) thapy; f s; jpwf; f g; g l khl; l h - NkYk; Crpapd; fhjpy; xl; l fk; EioAk; tiuapy; mtu; f s; Rtdgjpapy; Eioa khl;lhu;fs; - ,t;thNw Fw;wk; nra; g tu; f Sf; F $yp nfhLg; N ghk; .

-]hyp ` ; Fyir

(njhlH-2)

vwpag;gLk; vd;W egpatu;fs; $wptpl;L kPzLk; njhlu;eJ ; ; gpd;tUk; Fu;Md; trdj;ij Xjpdhu;fs;. my;yh`;Tf;F vijAk; ,izitf;fhJ mtDf; F Kw; w pYk; topgl; l tu; f shf ,Uq; f s; ; ,d;Dk; vtd; my;yh`;Tf;F ,iz itf; f pwhNdh> mtd; thdj; j pypUe; J tpOe; J gwitfs; mtid thup vLj;Jr; nrd;wJ NghYk; my;yJ ngUq; fhw;wbj;J> mtid ntF njhiytpYs; s Xuplj; j pw; F mbj; J f; nfhz; L nrd; w J NghYk; MfptpLthd; . (my; - Fh; M d; 22: 31) ]p[;[PdpNy mtDila nray;fs; gjpag;gl;l gpd;du; mtdJ capu; mtDila clypy; Cjg;gLk;. gpd;du; mtdplk; ,uz;L kyf;Ffs; te;J mtid vOe;jpUf;fr; nra;J mku itg;ghu;fs;. mtu;fs; mtid Nehf;fp gpd;tUkhW Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;ghu;fs;. Nf: cdJ ,iwtd; ahu;? g: M..M.. vdf;F njupahJ Nf: cdJ khu;f;fk; vd;d? g: M..M.. vdf;F njupahJ Nf: cd;dplj;jpy; mDg;gg;gl;ltu; ahu;? (khu;f;fj;ij Nghjpf;f)

g: M..M.. vdf;F njupahJ Nf: eP mjid vt;thW mwpe;J nfhz;lha;? g: M..M.. vdf;F njupahJ Nkw;nrhd;dthW midj;J Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; jdf;F njupahJ vd;Nw gjpy; nrhy;Ythd; ,td; ngha; nrhy;Yfpd;whd; eufj;jpd; tpupg;Gfis ,tDf;fhf (fg;upy;) tpupj;J tpLq;fs;> eufj;jpd; gf;fkpUe;J ,tDf;fhf xU fjit jpwe;J tpLq;fs; vd;W $wf;$ba Xirnahd;W mg;nghOJ thdj;jpypUe;J tUk;. eufj;jpypUe;J c\;zKk;> tp\f;fhw;Wk; mtDila fg;u;f;Fs; tPRk; mjdhy;> fhw;W tPRk; nghOnjy;yhk; mtd; kaf;fKw;W tpOthd;. mtDila tyJ ,lJ tpyh vYk;Gfs; xd;Wld; xd;W gpd;dptpLksT fg;u; mtid neUf;Fk;;. mOf;fhd MilAk; mtyl;rz KfKk; nfhz;l Ju;thil tPrf;$ba xU kdpjd; mtdplk; tUthd; . mk; k dpjd; mtid Nehf; f p ~cdf;F thf;fspf;fg;gl;l NfL cz;lhf;ff;$ba ,e;ehis ehd; cdf;F epidT $wp ed;khuhak; $Wfpd;Nwd=; vd;ghd;> mg;nghOJ mtd; mtyl;rdkhd ,e;epiyapypUf;Fk; eP ahu;? vd Nfl;ghd;. ehd; jhd; cdJ jPa nray;fs;. vd;W mtd; gjpyspg;ghd;. mjid njhlu; e ; J ,iwtNd! eP kWikia cz;lhf;fhNj! vd;W Gyk;g Muk;gpj;J tpLthd;.

(my; - Fh; M d; 7: 40)


gpd;du; my;yh`; mt;Tapiur; Rke;J te;j kyf;Ffis Nehf;fp mtDila nray;fis G+kpapd; mbg;ghfj;jpYs;s ]p[;[Pd; vd;w ,lj;jpy; gjpT nra; A khW cj; j utpLthd; . gpd; d u; me; j capu; KjyhtJ thdj;jpypUe;J ]p[;[Pd; vd;w ,ljjpw;F

mwptpg; g tu; : guhc ,g; D M]pg; ( uyp) mth; f s; . E}y; f s; : m`; k j; > mG+jhTj; > `hfpk; .

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

,J kWikia ek;gpatu;fSf;fhFk;. ,ij ek; g patu; f isj; j hd; K]; y pk; f s; vd; W G+kpapy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. my;yh`; jd; jpUkiwapy; $Wfpd;whd;: ,e;j mepahaf;fhuu;fs; kuz Ntjidapy; ,Uf; F k; NghJ eP q ; f s; mtu; f isg; ghu; j ; j hy; > kyf; F fs; jk; iffis eP l ; b (,tu; f splk; ) ~cq;fSila capu;fis ntspNaw;Wq;fs;; ,d;iwa jpdk; ePq;fs; ,opTjUk; Ntjidiaf; $ypahff; nfhLf; f g; g LtP u ; f s; . Vnddpy; > eP q ; f s; cz; i kay; y hjij my; y h`; t pd; kP J $wpf; nfhz;bUe;jPu;fs;; ,d;Dk;> mtDila trdq;fis (ek;ghJ epuhfupj;Jg;) ngUikabj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jPu;fs;= (vd;W $Wtij ePu; fhz;gPu;). (my; - Fh; M d; 6: 93)

,ijNa ,g;uh`Pk; jk; FkhuhHfSf;F t]pa;aj;J (cgNjrk;) nra;jhH; a/$Gk; (,t;thNw nra;jhH); mtH $wpdhH; ~vd; FkhuHfNs! my;yh`; cq;fSf;Fr; rd;khHf;fj;ij (,];yhik) NjHe;njLj;Js;shd;. ePq;fs; K];ypk;fshf md;wp kuzpf; f hjP H fs; . = (my; - Fh; M d; 2: 132) ,e;j cyfj;jpy; vj;jidjhd; khu;f;fq;fs; kjq;fs; Nghjidfs; ,Ue;jhYk; mit vj;jid topKiwfis nrhd; d hYk; my; y h`; t hy; mq; f P f upf; f g; g l; l Jk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;lJk; ,];yhk; kl;LNk vd;gij ehk; kwe;Jtplhky; Muha Ntz;Lk;. K];ypkhdhy; kl;LNk \pu;f;if jtpu ePq;fs; vd;djhd; ghtq;fs; nra;jhYk; mjw;Fupa jz;lizf;Fg; gpwfhtJ nrhu;f;fk; nry;y KbAk.; fg;u; NtjidapypUe;Jk; jg;gKbAk;. my;yh`; jd; jpUkiwapy; $Wfpd;whd;: ek; g pf; i f nfhz; N lhNu! eP q ; f s; my; y h`; i t mQ; r Ntz; b a Kiwg; g b mQ; R q; f s; ; NkYk; > (my;yh`;Tf;F Kw;wpYk; topg;gl;l) K];ypk;fshf md; w p eP q ; f s; kupf; f hjP u ; f s; . (my; - Fh; M d; 3: 102) eP q ; f s; K]; y pk; f shf md; w p kuzpf; f hjP u ; f s; . (my; - Fh; M d; 2: 132) MfNt (kdpju;fNs!) cq;fSf;F Ntjid tUk; Kd;dNu ePq;fs;> cq;fs; ,iwtd; ghy; jpUk;gp> mtDf;Nf Kw;wpYk; topgLq;fs;; (Ntjid te; J tpl; l hy; ) gpd; G eP q ; f s; cjtp nra; a g; g l khl; B u; f s; . (my; - Fh; M d; 39: 54) vdjUik rNfhjuNd! cd;kPJ vdf;nfhU flik cs;sJ mJ ek; ,iwtdpd; rj;jpa khu;f;fj;ij cd; Kd; ve; j topapyhtJ vj; j p itf; f Ntz; L k; vd;gjhFk; xU epkplNkDk; rpe;jpg;Nghk; nray;gLj;Jtjw;fhf...! jPu;khdpf;f Ntz;baJk; Nju;e;njLf;f Ntz;baJk; eP kl;LNk. my;yh`; ek;ik fhg;ghw;Wthdhf...! me;j NtjidapypUe;J

,Wjp cgNjrk; (,]; y hk; > K]; y p k ; )


njspthd mwpT kz;ziw Ntjidia kWf;fhJ> fhuzk; ,JNghd;w epiyia kdpjd;; jd; tho;tpy; ghu;f;fj;jhd; nra;fpwhd;. cjhuzkhf J}q;ff; $ba xUtd; fdtpy; fbdkhf Ntjid nra;ag;gLtjhf czu;e;J rg;jkpLfpwhd;> cjtpAk; NjLfpwhd;. Mdhy; mtDf;fUfpypUg;gtd; ,ij czu;tjpy;iy. capNuhL cwq;ff;$batDila NtjidiaNa mUfpypUg;gtd; czu Kbatpy;iy vd;why; kuzpj;jtdpd; kz;ziw Ntjidia capUs;std; vg;gb Neubahf czuKbAk;. kz;ziw Ntjid vd;gJ clYf;Fk;> capUf;Fk; Nru;ejNjahFk;. vdNt ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; ; nfhs;tjd; %yk; euf NtjidapypUe;J jq;fis jhq;fNs fhg;ghw;wpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. my;yh`; jd; jpUkiwapy; $Wfpd;whd; ..,d;iwa jpdk; fh/gpu;fs; cq;fSila khu; f ; f j; i j (mopj; J tplyhk; vd; g ij)g; gw; w pa ek; g pf; i fia ,oe; J tpl; l hu; f s; ; . vdNt eP q ; f s; mtu;fSf;F mQ;rhjPu;fs;; vdf;Nf mQ;rp elg; g P u ; f shf. ,d; i wa jpdk; cq; f Sf; f hf cq;fs; khu;f;fj;ij gupG+u;zkhf;fp tpl;Nld;;. NkYk; ehd; cq;fs; kPJ vd; mUl;nfhiliag; G+u; j ; j pahf; f p tpl; N ld; ; . ,d; D k; cq; f Sf; f hf ehd; ,]; y hk; khu; f ; f j; i jNa (,irthdjhfj; ) Nju; e ; n jLj; J s; N sd; . (my; - Fh; M d; 5: 3)

Gfo; midj;Jk; ,iwtd; xUtDf;Nf..!

cq;fSf;Fj; njhpAkh?
1. ASEAN vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; vd;d? 2. cyfpNyNa ve;j ehl;by; jq;fk; mjpf mstpy; ifapUg;gpy; cs;sJ? 3. ck;K Riyk;(uyp) mtHfis my;yh`; jpUkiwapy; (trdk; 59:9) vjw;fhf ghuhl;Lfpd;whd;? 4. `pNuh\pkh jpdk; mD\;bf;fg;gLk; ehs; vJ? 5. ,];yhj;jpy; ,ize;J> fWg;G ,d kf;fspd; tpLjiyf;fhfg; Nghuhb \`Pjhdthpd; ngaH?

6. The Saviours Of islamic Sprit, Islam and the world vd;w E}y;fis vOjpatH ahH? 7. vij ,iwtd; kd;dpf;fkhl;lhd; vd;W jpUf;FHMd; vLj;jpak;GfpwJ? 8. Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; fy;tp mikr;rH ahH? 9. etPd rPdhit cUthf;fpatH ahH? 10. [g;ghdpd; ,d;ndhU ngaH?

(tpilfs; : 9-k; gf;fk;)


7 [khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

nksytp. ,g; u h`pk; kjdp. M.A ifg;gw;wg;gl;lTld; (gphpe;jTld;) ghHit mjid nrd;w ,jopy; Neha; tprhhpg;gJ gw;wpj; njhpe;J Nehf;fpNa ,Uf;Fk; vdf;$wpdhHfs;. ,jidf; Nfl;l nfhz;Nlhk;. ,e;j ,jopy; [dh]htpd; rl;lq;fs; gw;wp midtUk; fjwp mOjhHfs;. ePq;fs; cq;fisg;gw;wp njhpe;J nfhs;Nthk;. ed;ikahd nrhy;iyNa cgNahfpj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. uzk; neUq;fptpl;lJ vd vz;ZgtH Vnddpy; ePq;fs; $Wgtw;Wf;F thdtHfs; MkPd; $wNtz; b ait $WfpwhHfs; vdf; $wptpl;L gpd;tUk; gpuhHj;jidfisr; egp(]y;) mtHfs; (jq;fspd; kuzj;jpw;F Kd; Vw;gl;l nra;jhHfs.; Nehapd; nghOJ xU Kiw) vd; kPJ rha;e;jtHfshf> ~,iwth! mg+]ykhtpd; gpiofisg; nghWg;ghahf! ~my;yh`{k;k/gpHyP tH`k;dP> tmy;`pf;dP gpHugPfpy; NeHtop ngw;wtHfspy; mthpd; me;j];ij m/yh= -,iwth! vd; kPJ fUiz fhl;Lthahf! vd; caHj;Jthahf! mthpd; thhpRfSf;F ePNa rpwe;j gpiofis kd;dpg;ghahf! Nkyhd ez;gdpd; gf;fk; gpujpepjpahf ,Ug;ghahf! mfpyq;fspd; mjpgjpNa! (cd; gf;fk;) vd;id NrHj;jUs;thahf! vd;W $wpaij vq;fSf;Fk; mtUf;Fk; gpio nghWg;ghahf! mthpd; ehd; nrtpkLj; N jd; vd Map\h(uyp) mtHfs; kz;ziwia tp];jPuzkhf;fp itg;ghahf! mthpd; mwptpj;jhHfs;. kz; z iwia xspkakhf; f p itg; g hahf!= vd Mjhuk; : Gfhhp> K];ypk; mtUf;fhf JMr; nra;jhHfs;. egp(]y;) mtHfspd; kuzNtisapy; mtHfspd; mUNf mwptpg;ghsH : ck;K ]ykh(uyp) xU jz;zPH ghj;jpuk; itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. mjDs; Mjhuk; : K];ypk; egp(]y;) mtHfs; jq;fs; fuj;ij tpl;Lj; jz;zPH xUtH kuzpj;jJk; mtUf;fhfr; nra;Ak; vLj;J mjidj; jq;fs; Kfj;jpy; jltpf;nfhs;thHfs;. flikfs; gpwF ~my;yh`{k;k m,d;dP myh fkuhjpy; kt;jp> xUtH kuzpj;jhy; mtiuf; Fspg;ghl;b fgdpl;L t]fuhjpy; kt;j;= ,iwth! kuzj;jpd; Ntjidfspd; mtUf;fhf njhOif elj;jp ey;ylf;fk; nra;tJ nghOJk;> kuzj;jpd; ]fuhj; vDk; kaf;fq;fspd; kw; w K]; y pk; f spd; flikahFk; . mNj Nghy; nghOJk; eP vdf; F cjtp nra; t hahf! vd; W mtUila fld;fis nfhLj;J mtUila $WthHfs;. ,jid ehd; Nfl;Ls;Nsd; vd Map\h(uyp) t]pa;aj;ijAk; epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. ,itfspy; mtHfs; mwptpf;fpwhh;fs;. xt;nthd;iwAk; tphpthfg; ghHg;Nghk;. Mjhuk; : jpHkpjp ikapj; i jf; Fspg; g hl; L jy; kuzk; neUq;fptpl;ltUf;F ~yh,yh` xUtH ,we;Jtpl;lhy; kw;w K];ypk;fs; mtiuf; ,y;yy;yh`;= jpUf;fypkhit Qhgfg;gLj;j Fspg; g hl; L tJ flikahFk; . mijj; jhkjkpd; w p Ntz; L k; . mtrug;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. Fspg;ghl;Ltjw;F gpd;tUk; xUtUf;F kuzk; neUq;fptpl;ljhf njhpe;J nfhz;lhy; xOq;Ffisf; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mtUf;F jpUf;fypkhit Qhgfg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. 1. %d;W Kiw Fspg;ghl;l Ntz;Lk;. Njitg;gLk; fhuzk; mJ kpfTk; f\;lkhd Neuk;> n\a;j;jhDld; NghJ mjpfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. NghuhLk; Neuk;. gf;fj;jpy; ,Ug;gtHfs; jpUf;fypkhit Qhgfg;Lj;Jtjpdhy; kuzg;gLf;ifapy; cs;stUf;F 2. xw;iwg;gilahf Fspg;ghl;l Ntz;Lk;. mij XJtjHf;F tha;g;Gf;fpilf;Fk;> ahH filrp 3. Fspg;ghl;Lk; nghOJ ,ye;ij ,iy my;yJ Neuj; j py; ~yh,yh`h ,y; y y; y h`{ vd; D k; h`{= yh,yh`h clk;ig Rj;jg;gLj;jf;$ba Nrhg;G Nghd;wtw;iw fypkhit nkhopfpd;whNuh mtH RtHf;fk; EiothH gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. 4. filrpahf Fspg;ghl;Lk; jz;zhpy; VjhtJ thridg; P ahUila filrp thHj;ij ~yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`;= nghUl;fisr; NrHj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;> fw;G+uj;ijf; jpUf; f ypkh MfptpLfpwNjh> mtH RtHf; f j; j py; fyg; g J rpwe; j jhFk; . (,`; u hk; mzpe; j tiu EiothH vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. Fspg;ghl;Lk; NghJ kzj;jputpaq;fis fl;lhak; jtpHf;f mwptpg; g hsH : Kmj; ( uyp) Ntz;Lk;) Mjhuk; : mg+jht+J> `hfpk; 5. ngz; ika;apj;jpd; nfhz;il Kbfis mtpo;j;J cq;fspy; kuzk; neUq;fptpl;ltHfSf;F ~yh,yh` tpl;L ed;whff; fOt Ntz;Lk;. ,y;yy;yh`;= jpUf;fypkhitr; nrhy;ypf; nfhLq;fs; vd egp(]y;) $wpdhHfs;. 6. jiyKbiaj; njhq;f tpl Ntz;Lk;. mwptpg; g hsH : mg+ ]aP j py; Fj; h P ( uyp) 7. ngz;fSf;F %d;W gpd;dy; Nghl;Lg; gpd;dhy; njhq;f Mjhuk; : K];ypk; tpl Ntz;Lk;. kuzk; mile;Jtpl;lthpd; fz;fis %b mtUf;F 8. tyJ gf;fj;jpypUe;J Fspg;ghl;Ljiy Muk;gpf;f gpuhh; j ; j id nra; j y; Ntz;Lk;. vd; fztH mg+ ]ykh(uyp) mtHfs; kuzk; mile;j 9. (VjhtJ epw; g e; j k; Vw; g l; l hNy jtpu) Miz nghOJ egp(]y;) mtHfs; mq;F te;jhHfs;. mg;NghJ Mz;fSk; ngz;izg; ngz;fSk; Fspg;ghl;Ljy; vd; fzthpd; fz;fs; jpwe;jpUe;jd. egp(]y;) mtHfs; ,Nyrhff; fz; i z frf; f p %btpl; L capH

[dh]htpd; rl;lq;fs;

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

Ntz; L k; . (fztd; kidtp ,jpy; tpjptpyf; F g; ngw;wtHfs;)

tpl;Lf; Fspg;ghl;LtJ Nghy ,iwj;J}jhpd; MilfisAk; fise;J Fspg;ghl;Ltjh? my;yJ MilAlNdNa egpatHfis Fspg;ghl;Ltjh? vd;W gpd;tUk; `jP]; ,itfSf;F Mjhukhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. NjhoHfs; jHf;fpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,tHfs; ehq; f s; egp(]y; ) mtHfspd; kfs; i[digf; ,t;thW jHf;fpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j NghJ mtHfSf;F Fspg;ghl;bf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ egpatHfs; te;J my; y h`; J}f; f j; i j cz; l hf; f pdhd; . NjhoHfs; %d;W Kiw Fspg;ghl;Lq;fs; my;yJ Ie;J Kiw vy;NyhUk; me;j ,lj;jpNyNa cl;fhHe;J my;yJ VO Kiw Fspg;ghl;Lq;fs; Njitahdhy; cwq;fptpl;lhHfs;. vy;NyhUila jhbAk; neQ;rpd; kPJ mjpfg; g Lj; j pf; nfhs; S q; f s; vd; W $wpdhHfs; . gbe; j J. gpd; G milahsk; fhzKbahj xUtH xw; i wg; g ilahfj; j hd; ,Uf; f Ntz; L kh? vd; W tPl;Lf;Fg gf;fj;jpy; epd;W nfhz;L ~egpatHfs; Nfl;Nld;. Mk;! mg;gbNajhdpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W cLj;jpUf;Fk; MilAlNdNa Fspg;ghl;Lq;fs;= vd;W $wptpl;L filrpahf fw;G+uj;ijf; fye;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. $wpdhH. jpLf;fpl;L vOe;j NjhoHfs; egpatHfspd; Fspg;ghl;b Kbe;jTld; vd;id mioAq;fs; vd;W Milfisf; fisahJ Milf;F Nkyhf jz;zPH egpatHfs; $wpdhh;fs;. Fspg;ghl;b Kbe;jTld; ehq;fs; Cw; w p egpatHfs; mzpe; j pUe; j MilapdhNyNa egp (]y;) mtHfis mioj;Njhk;. vq;fis Nehf;fp cliyj; Nja;j;Jf; Fspg;ghl;bdhHfs;. egpatHfisf; te;j egp (]y;) mtHfs; jq;fs; iffspypUe;j rhuj;ij Fspg;ghl;Lk; Ntiyf;F ehd; (Jzpia) vq;fsplk; tPrp Ke;jpapUe;jhy; egpatHfspd; ,jid cs; s hilahf t h H j ; i j ~ y h , y h ` kidtpaiuj;jtpu NtW lrp cLj;jp tpLq;fs; ahUila fi egpatHfisf; ,y; y y; y h`; = jpUf; f ypkh MfptpLfpwN jh> a h U k ; vd;whHfs;. ehq;fs; mjid mtH RtHf; f j; j py; EiothH vd egp(]y; ) Fspg;ghl;l tpl;bUf;fkhl;Nld; cLj; j p tpl; L mthpd; vd md;id Map\h (uyp) . .. j i y K b i a % d ; w h f g ; mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. gphpj;J gpd;dp KJFg; gf;fk; z k ; n e U q ; f p t p l ; l t H f S f ; F Mjhuk; : mG+jhT+j;> ,g;D Nghl; L tpl; N lhk; . vy; y h c q ; f s p y ; k u ,y; y y; y h`; = jpUf; f ypkhitr; kh[h>ig`fp>m`; k j; NtiyfspYk; t y g ; ~yh,yh` fs; vd egp(]y;) $wpdhHfs;... g f ; f j ; i j N a nrhy;ypf; nfhLq; 11. Fspg;ghl;Lk; Kiwfis Kw; g Lj; J q; f s; ! xStpd; ed;F mwpe;jtHfs; Fspg;ghl;l cWg;Gf;fisAk; mt;thNw nra;Aq;fs; vd egp(]y;) Ntz;Lk;. Fwpg;ghf nre;jf; fhuHfs; Fspg;ghl;Ljy; mtHfs; $wpdhh;fs;. Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; egpatHfis Fspg;ghl;Lk; gzpapy; mwptpg; g tH: ck; K mjpa; a h(uyp) egpatHfspd; FLk;gj;jpdNu <Lgl;bUe;jdH. pk; Mjhuk; : Gfhhp> K];ypk mtHfspnyhUtHjhd; myp(uyp) mtHfs;. mtHfs; 10. [dh]htpd; Milfisf; fise;Jtpl;L Mz; $WtjhtJ ~ehd; egp(]y;) mtHfisf; Mz;fSld; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ kiwj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba Fspg;ghl;bNdd;> Vida ikapj;JfSf;F Vw;gLk; ve;j kHk];jhdq;fisAk;> ngz; ngz;fSldpUf;Fk; NghJ mRj;jKk;> mrpq;fKk; Vw;gl;lij ehd; fhzNtapy;iy. kiwj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba kHk];jhdq;fisAk; Jzpahy; capUld; ,Uf;Fk; NghJk; ,we;j gpd;Gk; kiwj;Jtpl;L ifapy; xU Jzpia Rj;jpf; nfhz;L J}a;ikahdtHfshfNt ,Ue;jhHfs;. ikapj;ijf; fOtNtz;Lk;. Mjhuk; : ,g;D kh[h> `hfpk;> ig`fp gpd;tUk; `jP]; ,ijj; njspT gLj;Jfpd;wJ. ,uz;L epge;jidfSld; Fspg;ghl;LgtUf;F mjpf ew; $ ypfs; cz; L egp (]y;) mtHfisf; Fspg;ghl;lj; njhlq;fpaNghNj ~ehk; toikahf kuzpj;jthpd; Milfisf; fise;J 1. Fspg;ghl;LgtH ikapj;jpy; VjhtJ Fiwfisf; fz;lhy; ahhplKk; mijf; $whky; kiwf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU K];ypik Fspg;ghl;b mthpYs;s FiwghLfis cq; f Sf; F j; njhp A kh? ntspaplhJ kiwj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; ehw;gJ Kiw Fspg; g hl; b atid my; y h`; kd; d pf; f pwhd; . fg; U Njhz; b atUf; F ey; y pUg; g plj; i j kWik tiu 1. Association Of South East Asian mspf;fpd;whd;. fgdpl;ltUf;F my;yh`; kWikapy; Nation RtHf; f j; j py; nky; y pa mOj; j khd Milfis h-(Federal reserve Bank) 2. mnkhpf;fhmZtpf;fpwhd; vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. 3. tpUe; N jhk; g ypd; fhuzkhf Mjhuk; : ig`fp> `hfpk ; 4. Mf];l; - 6 2. Fspg;ghl;Ltjw;Fk;>fgdpLtjw;Fk;> fg;U 5. khy;fk;-X vd;w khypf; my; \hgh]; Njhz;tjw;Fk; vt;tpj $ypiaAk; vjpH ghHf;fhky; ej;tp 6. mGy; `]d; my; y h`; t pd; jpUg; n ghUj; j j; j pw; f hfNt nra; a 7. \pHf; (,iwtDf; F ,izitg; g J) Ntz;Lk;. 8. nksyhdh mGy; fyhk; M]hj; egpNa! ePH $WtPuhf: epr;rakhf ehd; cq;fisg; lH rd;ahl; nrd; 9. lhf; Nghd; w xUkdpjNd! epr; r akhf cq; f Sila 10. epg;Nghd; (Nippon) ,iwtd; xNu ,iwtd; j hd; vd; W vdf; F t`P mwptpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. vtd; jd;Dila

tpilfs;

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

,iwtid re;jpf;f MjuT itf;fpwhNdh mtd; (]hyp`hd) ey; y nray; f isr; nra; J > jd; ,iwtid tzq;Ftjpy; NtnwtiuAk; ,izahf; f hJk; ,Ug; g hdhf. my; FHMd; 18:110 ,e;j trdj;jpy; ~jd; ,iwtDf; F xUtiuAk; ,izahf; f hJ mtidNa tzq;fp tUthdhf! vd;w nrhy;ypd; fUj;J my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;nghUj;jj;jpw;fhfNtad;wp ve;j tzf;fj;ijAk; nra;af; $lhJ vd;gjhFk;. nray; f s; midj; J k; vz; z q; f isf; nfhz; N l epHzapf;fg;gLfpd;wd= vd;gJ egp nkhopahFk;.

Mdhy; NtW ,uz;L egpnkhopfis ghHf;Fk; NghJ ,J flikapy;iy vd;gJ Gydhfpd;wJ. 1. cq;fnshUthpd; ikapj;ij Fspg;ghl;Ltjhy; ePqfs; ; Fspf;f Ntz;bajpy;iy. ikapj;J e[P]; my;y. ePqfs; ; iffis kl;Lk; fOtpf; nfhz;lhy; NghJk; vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.

Mjhuk; : `hfpk; > ig`fp


2. ehq;fs; ikapj;ij Fspg;ghl;LNthk;. mjw;Fg gpwF rpyH Fspg;ghHfs;. rpyH Fspf;fkhl;lhHfs; vd ,g;D ckH(uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;.

Mjhuk; : jhuFj; d p
my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; Fspg; g hl; l f; $ lhJ \`Pjhdtiu

Mjhuk; : Gfhhp> K];ypk;


,t; t pU Mjhuj; j pd; mbg; g ilapy; ve; j mkYk; my;yh`;tplj;jpy; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLtjw;F J}a vz;zk; mtrpak; vd;gJ njspthfpd;wJ. ikapj;ij Fspg;ghl;batH Fspg;gJ Rd;dj;jhFk; vtH ikapj;ij Fspg;ghl;bdhNuh mtH Fspf;fl;Lkhf! vtH kiapj; i j Rke; J nrd; w hNuh mtH xSr; nra;al;Lkhf! vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. (mG+jhT+j;> jpHkpjp) ,e;j egpnkhopapd; fUj;ij ntspg;gilahfg; ghHf;Fk; NghJ ikapj;ij Fspg;ghl;batH Fspg;gJk;> Rke;J nrd;wtH xSr; nra;tJk; flik Nghy; njhpfpd;wJ.

(Nghhpy; \`PjhdtHfis) mtHfspd; ,uj;jj;JlNdNa mlf; f k; nra; A q; f s; . my; y h`; t pw; f hf Nghhpl; L kuzpj;jtHfs; mtHfspd; ghaj;jpypUe;J muj;jk; Xlf;$ba epiyapy; kWikapy; tUthHfs;. ,uj;jk; ,uj;j epiyapNyNa ,Uf;Fk;. Mdhy; mjd; thil f];J}hp kzkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.

Mjhuk; : Gfhhp> mG+jhT+j; > e]hap njhlUk; ,d; \ h my; y h` ;

,e;J kjj;jpypUe;J ,];yhj;ij Nehf;fp...


tpohjgb nra; N td; . efuj; j py; ,Uf; F k; vy; y h Nfhapy; f Sf; F k; jpde; N jhWk; nrd; W topghL nra;gtdhf ,Ue;J te;Njd;> ,jw;fhf vd; tPl;bdH midtUk; vd;id cw;rhfg;gLj;JthHfs;. ,]; y hj; J ld; ghpr; r ak; xU Nfhil tpLKiwapy; xU K];ypkpd; tpahghu epHthfj;jpy; Ntiy nra;ar; nrhy;yp vd; jha; vd;id mioj; j hHfs; . mjw; F ehd; rk; k jpf; f tpy; i y> Vndd;why; Foe;ijg; gUtj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj K];ypk;fis ehd; ntWj;J te;Njd;. vd;Dila epiyia mwpe;j vd; jha; Nkw;nfhz;L vd;id tw;GWj;jtpy;iy. rpy Nfhil tpLKiwfspy; K];ypk; my;yhj tpahghu epHthfj;jpy; ehd; Ntiy nra;J te;Njd;. Mjyhy; vd;Dila jha;> je;ij ,UtUk; jpUg;jp mile;jdH. rpy fhyk; fope;J me;j gFjp Neu Ntiyia tpl;Ltpl;L vd;Dila gbg;gpy; ftdkhNdd;. Nkw;nfhz;L ey;y Ntiy fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf vd;Dila jha; kw;Wk; jq;iffs; xU K];ypk; epWtdj;jpy; 2 khjk; jw;fhypfkhf gzpahw;wpdhHfs;> me;j 2 khjj;jpy; K];ypk;fspd; gof;f tof;fq;fs; vdJ jha; kw;Wk; jq;iffSf;F kpfTk; gpbj;Jtpl;lJ. ehd; ntWf;Fk; K];ypk;fSf;F Mjuthf ahuhtJ NgrpdhNy vdf;F Nfhgk; te;JtpLk;> mg;gbg;gl;l #o;epiyapy; ,Ue;J te;j ehd; vdJ jha; kw;Wk; jq;iffspd; epHge;jj;jpy; rpy K];ypk; ez;gHfSld;

y;yh`;tpd; fUizapdhy; MrPHtjpf;fg;gl;l K`k;kJ ckH uht; Mfpa ehd; xU ,e;jpaf; Fbkfd; . ehd; vd; D ila 18MtJ tajpy; ,];yhj;ijj; jOtp ,d;Wld; 6 tUlk; G+Hj; j pahfptpl; l d. ehd; vd; D ila tho; f ; i f tpguq;fis cq;fs; midtUlDk; gfpHe;J nfhs;s tpUg;gg;gLfpNwd;. K];ypk; my;yhjtHfSk; ,ijg; ghHj;J cz;ikiaj; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;gJk; vd;Dila Mir. vd;Dila tho;f;ifKiwia ,uz;L ez;gHfSld; gfpHe;J nfhz;l NghJ mtHfs; vd;Dila NjHT kw;Wk; KbT kpfr; rpwe;jJ vd;W cw;rhfg;gLj;jpdhHfs;. ehd; eLj;ju tFg;igr; rhHe;j Mr;rhukhd gpuhkzf; FLk;gj;ijr; NrHe;jtd;. vd;Dila je;ij ,d;[pdpahuhfTk;> jha; MrphpiaahfTk; cs;sdH. vd; jha; khkd; tP l ; b y; jq; f papUe; J jhd; kjr; rk; k e; j khd fy; t pia ehd; fw; N wd; . vd; D ila FLk; g j; j py; cs; s th; f s; midthpd; fy; t pAk; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhfNt ,Ue;jjhy; K];ypk;fisg; gw;wpa xU jtwhd vz;zk; vd;Dld; Mzp mbj;jJ Nghy; ,Ue;jJ. rpyfhyk; RSScld; NrHe;jpUe;jjhy; ehd; vg;nghOJNk K];ypk;fis ntWf;fpd;wtdhfNt ,Ue;J te;Njd;. gs;spthrypy; ghq;F nrhy;Yk; NghJ ehd; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,irapd; rg;jj;ij mjpfg;gLj;jp me;j ghq;F rg;jk; vd;Dila fhjpy;

tho; f ; i f Kiw

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

10

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

NrHe;J Ntiy nra;Ak; epiyf;F MshNdd;. Ntz;lh ntWg;ghf me;j filapy; Ntiyf;Fr; NrHe;j ehs; Kjy; K];ypk;fspd; Nky; cs;s ntWg;G ,d;Dk; mjpfkhdJ Vndd;why;> me;jf; filapy; Ntiy nra;Ak; K];ypk; my;yhjtH gy NgH ,];yhj;ijj; jOtpapUe;jhHfs;. ,];yhj;jpw;F Vd; midtUk; ,g;gb Kf;fpaj;Jtk; jUfpwhHfs; vd;W vz;zp vd;Dila ,e; J kjk; jhd; rpwe; j J> caHe; j J vd; W mtHfSf;Fk; Ghpa itf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf> ,e;J kjj; i jAk; > ,]; y hj; i jAk; xg; g pl; L g; ghHf; f Muk;gpj;Njd;. mj;jUzj;jpypUe;J ,];yhj;ijg; gw;wp mjpfkhfj; njhpe;J nfhs;s Mirg;gl;ljhy; Fh;Mdpd; Mq;fpy nkhopahf;fj;ij gbf;f Muk;gpj;Njd;. gbj;J mjd; mHj;jj;ij ey;ygbahf njhpe;J Nahrpf;f Muk;gpj;j vd;Dila khztg; gUt tho;fif Kw;wpYk; ; khwpg;NghdJ. mjd; gpwF ehd; vd;ndd;d jtWfs; ,Jtiu nra;Jf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vd;gijg;gw;wp ftiy kw;Wk; gak; te;jJ. vd;Dila ,e;J kjk; KOtJk; fw;gid kw;Wk; Guhzq;fshYk;> fl;Lf; fijfshYk;jhd; epuk;gp cs;sJ vd;W njhpa te;jJ. mijj; njhlHe;J gy Nfs;tpfSk; re;Njfq;fSk; vd;Ds; vOe;jJ. vd;Dila flik vd;d? ehd; vg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;? vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;? Vd; ,e;j cz;ikahd fUj;J vq;fspy; gy NgUf;F te;J Nrutpy;iy? ,ijg; Nghy gy Nfs;tpfSf;F cz;ik kw;Wk; gjpy; njhpe;J nfhs;tjpy; vd;Dila kPjp khztg; gUtj;ij nrtopf;f Muk;gpj;Njd;. vd; D ila ngw; N whHfisAk; vd; i dr; Rw; w p ,Ug;gtHfisAk; ehd; Nfl;Nld;> flTis Nehpy; ghHj;jtHfs; ahuhtJ cs;shHfsh? ve;j mbg;gilapy; glq; f isAk; > rpiyfisAk; cUthf; F fpwhHfs; ? flTis ahUk; ghHj;jjpy;iy vd;gJjhd; mtHfs; midthpd; gjpYkha; ,Ue;jJ. ,Wjpapy; ehd; rpy Guhzq;fis gbj;jjpd; %yk; cz;ikia czu Kbe;jJ. mjd; gpwF ,e;J flTs;fspd; fijfs; vd;id me;j mstpw;F ghjpf;ftpy;iy. ehd; vd; ngw;NwhHfsplk; kPz;Lk; Nfl;Nld;. vy;yh ,e;J Ntjq;fSk; rpiy tzf;fq;fis vjpHf;fpd;wd. ,Ug; g pDk; ehk; njhlHe; J mijr; nra; J f; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. Vd;? ve;j mbg;gilapy; rpiy tzf; f k; nra; f pNwhk; . ,e; j Nfs; t pahy; vd; ngw;NwhHfs; vd; Nky; Nfhgg;gl;L ekJ Kd;NdhHfs; nra; J nfhz; b Ue; j ijj; j hd; ehk; njhlHe; J nra;fpNwhk; vd;W nrhd;dhHfs;. ,e;j gjpyhy; ehd; jpUg;jpailatpy;iy. mLj; J ehd; Fh; M d; gbj; j NghJ mj; j pahak; my;gfuhtpy; xU trdk; vd;id kpfTk; ghjpj;J mjpHr;rpf;Fs;shf;fpaJ. NkYk;> ~my;yh`; ,wf;fp itj;j ,(t;Ntjj;)ijg; gpd; g w; W q; f s; vd; W mtHfsplk; $wg; g l; l hy; > mtHfs; ~mg;gbay;y! vq;fSila %jhijaHfs; ve;j topapy; (elf;ff;) fz;NlhNkh> me;j topiaNa ehq; f Sk; gpd; g w; W fpNwhk; = vd; W $WfpwhHfs;; vd;d! mtHfSila %jhijaHfs;> vijAk; tpsq;fhjtHfshfTk;> NeHtopngwhjtHfshfTk; ,Ue; j hy; $lth? my; - FHMd; 2:170

,e;j trdk; vd;id kpfTk; ghjpj;jJ. mjd; gpwF rpiy tzf;fq;fisAk;> G+i[fs; nra;tijAk; rpwpJ rpwpjhf epWj;jpNdd;. my;yh`;Tld; kw;wtHfs; ,iz itg;gJ vd;gJ kd;dpf;f Kbahj Fw;wk; vd;gij czHe;Njd;. Muk;g ehl;fspy; kpfTk; ufrpakhf ,];yhj;ijg; gw;wp gbf;f Muk;gpj;Njd;. my;gfuh mj;jpahaj;jpy; my;yh`; NkYk; njspTgLj;Jfpd;whd;> vd;dntd;why; ,d; D k; (,e; j g; Nghyp tpRthrpfs; ) <khd; nfhz; b Ug; N ghiur; re; j pf; F k; NghJ> ~ehq; f s; <khd; nfhz; b Uf; f pNwhk; = vd; W $WfpwhHfs; ; Mdhy; mtHfs; jq;fs; (jiytHfshfpa) i\j;jhd;fSld; jdpj;jpUf;Fk;NghJ> ~epr;rakhf ehq;fs; cq;fSld;jhd; ,Uf;fpNwhk;;> epr;rakhf ehq;fs; (mtHfisg;) ghpfhrk; nra;gtHfshfNt ,Uf;fpNwhk;= vdf; $WfpwhHfs; (my; FHMd; 2 :14 mijj; n jhlHe; J My ,k; u hd; mj; j pahaj; j py; my;yh`; tpsf;FtJ vd;dntd;why; ..,d;Dk; cq;fSf;fhf ehd; ,];yhk; khHf;fj;ijNa (,irthdjhfj;) NjHe; n jLj; J s; N sd; ; . . (my; FHMd; 5 : 3) ,jd; gpwF ehd; NkYk; njsptile;Njd;. vd; kdjpy; ,Ue;j vy;yhf; Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; tpil ,e;j FHMdpy; kl;Lk; jhd; fpilj;jJ. my; y h`; t pd; fpUigapdhy; ,]; y hj; i jg; gw; w p vdf;Fj; njhpe;j kw;Wk; mwpe;j rpy tpguq;fis ehd; vd; tPl;by; cs;stHfsplk; njhpag;gLj;jpNdd;. bg; s Nkh filrp Mz; L gbf; F k; fhyj; j py; ,]; y hj; j pw; F nfhQ; r nfhQ; r khf ehd; khwpf; nfhz;bUg;gijg; ghHj;J vd; ngw;NwhHfs; vd;id tPl;il tpl;L mDg;gptpl;ldH. Mdhy; vd; rNfhjhp ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;L vd;Dld; ntspNa te;Jtpl;lhH. ehDk; vdJ rNfhjhpAk; tPl;il tpl;L ntspNa te;J xU tUlk; ve;j NtiyAk; ,y;yhky;> ve;jtpj tUkhdKk; ,y;yhky; kpfTk; rpukj;jpw;Fs;shNdhk;. me;j Neuj;jpYk; ,];yhj;jpy; cs;s gw;W vq;fSf;Ff; Fiwahky; kpfTk; <khDld; ,Ue;jjhy; my;yh`; vq;fSila vy;yh rpukq;fisAk; ,Nyrhf;fpdhd;> my;`k;Jypy;yh`;. kpfTk; Fiwe;j tUkhdj;jpy; fpilj;j Ntiyf;F ehq;fs; ,UtUk; nrd;W nfhz;bUe;Njhk;. ,jw;fhf vy;yh rpukq;fisAk; jhq;fpf; nfhz;Nld;. my;yh`; ey;y re;jHg;gq;fs; vy;yhk; vq;fSf;F mjpfkhf Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jhd;. Ie;J Ntis njho Kbahj fhuzj; j hy; ehd; vd; D ila Ke; i ja NtiyapypUe;J tpLgl;Nld;. nfhQ;r nfhQ;rkhf gy nghpa njhopw;rhiyfspd; Ntiytha;g;Gfis ehd; ,of;Fk;gb Mfptpl;lJ. ,jw;fhf ehd; tUj;jg;gl;lhYk; my;yh`;tpd; fUizapdhy; jw;NghJ ey;y Ntiy fpilj;jJld; Ie;J Ntis ey;ygbahf njhOfTk; KbfpwJ. vy;yhg; GfOk; ,iwtDf;Nf!

njhFg; G : Nfhit. g\P H

Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;)

11

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

FWf;nfOj;Jg; Nghl;b - 2:8


1 3 2 4 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 7

tp j p K iwfs;
1. tpilfis jdpj; j hspy; vOjp ciwapypl; L ]dha; a pah ,]; y hkpa miog; g fj; j py; ( GjpaJ) Neubahff; nfhLj;Jtplyhk;. jghy; %yk; mDg;GNthH
Mr. K.L.M. Ibrahim(Madani), Tamil Division, P.O.Box-32628,Jeddah-21438 my; y J suvanam@gmail.com vd; f pw Kfthpf; F

0-Mk; Njjpf; F s; [khj; J y; mt; t y; khjk; 3 0 fpilf;FkhW mDg;gNtz;Lk;. 2. tpilfis jdpj;jhspy; njspthf Nfs;tp vz; kw;Wk; ,lkpUe;J tyk;> tykpUe;J ,lk;> NkypUe;J fPo; kw;Wk; fPopypUe;J Nky; Mfpaitfis Fwpg;gpl;L vOj Ntz;Lk;. 3. ePq;fs; mDg;Gk; ciwapy; cq;fs; ngaH kw;Wk; njhlHG nfhs;s Ntz;ba Kfthp kw;Wk; njhiyNgrp vz;iz kwthky; Fwpg;gplTk;. 4. xd; W f; F Nkw; g l; N lhH rhpahd tpilfis vOjpapUe;jhy; FYf;fy; Kiwapy; ghpR toq;fg;gLk;. 5. ghpR ngw;wtHfs; tpguk; kw;Wk; tpilfs; xU khjk; tpl;L mLj;j khj ,jopy; ntsptUk;. 6. Mrphpah; KbNt ,WjpahdJ.

,lkpUe; J tyk; 2. Rtdg; ngz;kzpfspd; jiytp (4) 4. egp(]y;) mth;fspd; kfs;fspy; xUth; (3) 8. Jd;D}iud; ,e;egpj; Njhohpd; kw;nwhU ngah; mjpfntl;fg;glf;$ba egpj;Njhoh; (4) 11. ,e;egpj;Njhohpd; kuzk; Fwpj;J egp(]y;) mth;fs; Kd;dwptpg;Gr; nra;jpUe;jhh;fs; - ,thpd; ngw;Nwhh;fSk; \`Pjhf;fgl;lhh;fs; (4) ,lk; tykpUe; J ,lk 5. ntl;fj;ij mugpapy; ,g;gbf; $Wth; (2) 7. mG+gf;h;(uyp) mth;fspd; Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; Nuhkhdpah;fis vjph;j;J Nghhpl;l Aj;jk; (4) 13. rT+jp mNugpahtpd; gpujhd efuq;fspy; xd;W ~uhay; fkp\d;= ,q;F cs;sJ (3) 14. Fiw\pah;fSld; egp(]y;) mth;fs; nra;j cld;gbf;ifapd; ngah; (5) NkypUe; J fP o ; 1. ep/ghf; vd;gjpd; jkpo; gjk; (7) 3. gp];kpy;yh`pu;u`;khdpu;u`Pk; vdj; Jtq;fhj Fh;Mdpa mj;jpahak; (5) 6. `jP]; fpue;jj;jpd; ngah; (4) 9. `g;]h(uyp) mth;fspd; je;ij ehd;F fyPghf;fspy; xUth; (3) fP o pypUe; J Nky; 3. ]p/g;gPd; Nghh; ,th; Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; epfo;e;jJ(2) 10. `jP];fis kwf;fhjpUf;f egp(]y;) mth;fs; cghak; $wpa egpj;Njhoh; (5) 12. khh;f;fj;jpy; mjpf tpsf;fkspf;f egp(]y;) JM nra;j egpj;Njhoh;(7) 14. my;yh`; jd; mUs;kiwapy; fz;zofpfs; vd $Wk; Rtdg; ngz;fs; (5)

FWf;nfOj;Jg; Nghl;b - 2:6 f;fhd tp i lfs;


ah \p Ny
7 k 3

\p Nd Njh e; Nu a; nk y; y; v
11

11

u jh a;
5

2 2

rp gh hp d; y; fp q;

y; J f; uh < g; fh
9 6

rP

e; jp

\; ah yp Nu jp ]; M
14 d;

FWf;nfOj;Jg; Nghl;b - 2:6 f;fhd ghpR ngWgtH tpguk;

dh

fh ah yh

N. N\f; myhTjPd;
ghpR ngw;wtH nksytp . ,g; u h`p k ; kjdp mtHfisj; njhlHG nfhz; L ghpir ngw; W f; n fhs; s Tk; - (050 6625229) FWf; n fOj; J g; Nghl; b ap y ; MHtj; N jhL fye; J nfhz; L rp w g; g p j ; j midj; J thrfHfSf; F k; ed; w p. Rtdg;ghij (khj ,jo;) 12

y; y; y;
10 13 =

<

y; y; y; hp
12

e; J y; g;

y; J f;

[khj;Jy; mt;ty; - 1427

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy