Formula Sheet
Formula Sheet
Formula Sheet
Complementary Angles
sin(90 ) cos
cos(90 ) sin
1
tan(90 )
tan
u u
u u
u
u
=
=
=
Supplementary Angles
sin(180 ) sin( )
cos(180 ) cos( )
tan(180 ) tan( )
u u
u u
u u
=
=
=
Negative Angles
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
tan( ) tan
u u
u u
u u
=
=
=
Special Angles
Identities
(1) Reciprocals
(2) Shaded Triangles
(3) Clockwise direction
(4) Anti-clockwise direction
Compound Angle
Double Angle
2 2 2 2
2
cos 2 cos sin 2cos 1 1 2sin
2tan
tan 2
1 tan
x x x x x
A
A
A
= = =
=
R Formulae
cos sin cos( )
sin cos sin( )
a b R
a b R
u u u o
u u u o
=
=
2 2 1
where , tan
b
R a b
a
= + =
Factor Formulae
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 2
sin sin 2sin cos
sin sin 2cos sin
A B A B A B
A B A B A B
+ = +
= +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 2
cos cos 2cos cos
cos cos 2sin sin
A B A B A B
A B A B A B
+ = +
= +
A (ALL) S (SIN)
T (TAN) C (COS)
sin , cos , tan
opp adj opp
hyp hyp adj
u u u = = =
2
1
1
45
o
1
60
o
30
o
3
1
2
1
sin 45
2
1
cos 45
2
tan 45 1
=
=
=
1
sin30
2
3
cos30
2
1
tan30
3
=
=
=
3
sin 60
2
1
cos 60
2
tan 60 3
=
=
=
2 2
2 2
2 2
sin cos 1
tan 1 sec
1 cot cosec
u u
u u
u u
+ =
+ =
+ =
sin cos cot
tan , sin , cos ,...
cos cot cosec
etc
u u u
u u u
u u u
= = =
cos sin tan
cot , cos , sin ,...
sin tan sec
etc
u u u
u u u
u u u
= = =
sin( ) sin cos cos sin
cos( ) cos cos sin sin
x y x y x y
x y x y x y
=
=
tan tan
tan( )
1 tan tan
x y
x y
x y
60
120
180
240
300
360
x rad
3
t
2
3
t
3
3
t
4
3
t
5
3
t
6
3
t
x
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
360
x rad
4
t
2
4
t
3
4
t
4
4
t
5
4
t
6
4
t
7
4
t
8
4
t
x
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
x rad
6
t
2
6
t
3
6
t
4
6
t
5
6
t
6
6
t
7
6
t
8
6
t
9
6
t
10
6
t 11
6
t
12
6
t
180 rad t =