Annual Report 2012

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selected Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 6 - 11

New PhDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 - 17 Finished PhDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 - 19 Selected Journal Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 - 23 Selected Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 - 25 Selected New Laboratory Facilities . . . . . . 26 - 29 Awards and Honours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Key Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Guests at the Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-34 Graduated in 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

POSTER PARTY 2012

THE ENERGY SPONSOR PROGRAMME

Graduation 2012: 1st prize for excellent and innovative project work

Annual Report 2012

Introduction
2012 was a successful year for the Department of Energy Technology. We achieved a broad range of great research results and started many new and exciting research projects in collaboration with companies. Furthermore, we completed a record high number of PhDs, welcomed many new students and graduated a range of new candidates for the industry. This year we also started a large renovation of our laboratory facilities in both Aalborg and Esbjerg. The renovation extends to 2015 and will give us brand new, up-to-date, world-class facilities for research as well as teaching. In terms of education we are very pleased with the fact that we have had an increase in student intake in 2012; in Aalborg with 67 students and in Esbjerg with 26 students on first year. Likewise, a large number of candidates have finished in all of our specialisations, including several foreign students. In Esbjerg, the department has moreover increased its engagement by undertaking a part of the teaching and the responsibility for the electronics area, and we expect good synergy between energy and electronics. In terms of research we have once again achieved good results and increased all of our key figures. This includes among others 22 finished PhDs, 35 new PhD projects and an external turnover of 56 million DKK. Moreover, we have in 2012 achieved a record of 319 research publications and increased our focus on the best publication channels. In collaboration with industry we have initiated a range of large projects, which all have started out well to the satisfaction of all parties. In 2012, the department furthermore received its first ERC Advanced Grant from the European Research Council. In this annual report you can read more about the results from the Department of Energy Technology in 2012. We have selected some of our best and most important results and activities within a selection of the areas we work in. However, not all our work is presented in this report and therefore, we refer you to our homepage for further information: www.et.aau.dk We are very pleased with our results in 2012 and are ready to pursue new goals in 2013 - in collaboration with current and new partners.

John K. Pedersen Head of Energy Department

Annual Report 2012

The Department

The Department of Energy Technology focuses on a sustainable future, thus research is carried out in renewable energy, efficient energy consumption and distribution, conversion technologies and control of energy. The department addresses the energy technological challenges, which are met on the path to a society free from fossils, based on a robust energy system with a high degree of supply security. This is connected to a number of challenges within e.g. optimal consumption of biomass, integration of wind, photovoltaic and wave energy in the energy system and configuration of a future intelligent grid. Furthermore, research is carried out with regards to challenges with transportation by electric cars, efficient and reliable conversion technologies and future houses, which produce net energy. Sections and research programmes To meet these challenges, the Department of Energy Technology is organised in six sections and eleven research programmes. The six sections make up the basic organisation of all scientific employees and reflect the primary core competences. The eleven research programmes reflect the current research focus in technologies and applications. The programmes are dynamic and continuously adjusted to new possibilities. Each research programme contains a series of research, PhD and collaboration projects and has a programme leader, who is in charge of the programme and its development.

Annual Report 2012

The Department

Aims for the Department of Energy Technology The department has three overall aims: -  to conduct definitive international leading edge research with strong industry interaction. - to educate highly qualified candidates at all levels from BSc to MSc and PhD. - to interact with peers in the industry and academia. Close collaborations The Department of Energy Technology places great emphasis on being an international and collaboration oriented university with world class experimental facilities. The department has a comprehensive collaboration with the industry in both research projects and consulting and is proud of the fact that numerous worldrenowned companies have chosen to have in-house divisions at the department, which contributes to ever closer collaborations.

Annual Report 2012

Selected Projects

The IEPE Kick Off Meeting

Intelligent and Efficient Power Electronics (IEPE)

The driving ambition is to develop solutions for the future intelligent and energyefficient products that meet the needs of new knowledge and technological edge. The project focuses on power electronics that is used to control the electrical power so minimal power is lost as heat. This is a key technology for energy production from renewable sources such as wind turbines and solar cells, but can also be used to achieve major energy savings in all other electrical appliances and installations. Period: April 1 2012 March 31 2017. Participants: KK-Electronic, Vestas, Danfoss, Grundfos, Aalborg University, Technical University of Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Center for Electrical Energy Systems (CEES). Funding: Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation. Total project amount: 108.259.837 DKK (Dept. of ET part 29.399.328 DKK). Contact Person: Stig Munk-Nielsen - smn@et.aau.dk

4DH 4th generation of District Heating

4DH is an international research centre, which assists in the development of 4th Generation District Heating Technologies and Systems. 4DH generates knowledge of the design of future district heating network technologies including the development of components and concepts; planning and management tools based on Geographical Information System (GIS); and tools for decision-making support of the involvement of production units in electricity markets.

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Selected Projects

Period: January 1 2012 December 31 2017. Participants: Aalborg Forsyning, AffaldVarme Aarhus, Chalmers Technical University, COWI, CTR, Danfoss, Desmi, District Energy Development Center, Efsen Engineering, EMD, , Halmstad University, Kamstrup, Kbenhavns Energi, Linnaeus University, Logstor, NIRAS, Rambll, Ribe Jernindustri, Ringkbing-Skjern Kommune, PlanEnergi, SPX, Tsinghua University, DTU, SDU, University of Zagreb, VEKS, Vestforbrndingen, Wallenius AB. Funding: The Danish Council for Strategic Research. Total project amount: 37.000.000 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 5.152.391 DKK). Contact Person: Associate Professor Carsten Bojesen - cbo@et.aau.dk

PRO-NET
Protection of Power Electronically Interfaced LV Distributed Generation Networks (PRONET) aims to develop the communication technology based on intelligent protection and post fault control methods for distribution systems. The developed protection and control methods would minimise the possibility of losing power supply in an abnormal situation and restore normal operation as quickly as possible. Period: November 1 2011 November 1 2014. Participants: Simula Research Laboratory, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey. Funding: Energinet.dk. Total project amount: 7.312.500 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 2.449.000 DKK). Contact Person: Zhe Chen - zch@et.aau.dk

TotalFlex
The aim of TotalFlex is to establish a flexible electricity grid that includes the entire food chain from production to end user - and which can give everyone involved financial and environmental benefits. The vision is to develop a cost-effective, market-based system that utilises total flexibility in energy demand and production, taking balance and grid constraints into account. The aim of TotalFlex is therefore to activate all pieces

Annual Report 2012

Selected Projects

of demand response from households. This will be done by intelligent detection using existing data from meters. Period: January 1 2012 June 30 2015. Participants: Neogrid Technologies, Aalborg University, Copenhagen Business School, Nyfors, Nordjysk Elhandel, Conscius and Zense Technology. Funding: ForskEL programme, Energinet.dk. Total project amount: 35.366.000 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 3. 585.000 DKK). Contact Person: Birgitte Bak-Jensen - bbj@et.aau.dk

EDGE (Efficient Distribution of Green Energy)

The goal of the EDGE project is to try to sustain the expected high integration of wind energy in the Danish power grid through an effective coordination and control of electricity generation and consumption. Specifically, the project aims at developing new control methods for managing the flow of energy between consumers and producers seen both at distribution and transmission level, and it will take the dynamics of the power market, the dynamics of its actors, the constraints of the distribution network, and the limitations of communication solutions into account. Period: April 1 2012 March 31 2016. Participants: Aalborg University, Aarhus University, Forschungszentrum Telekommunikation Wien, University of Groningen, Norweigian University of Science and Technology, DONG Energy, Danfoss, kk-electronic. Funding: The Danish Council for Strategic Research. Total project amount: 17.068.286 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 3.396.473 DKK). Contact Person: Birgitte Bak-Jensen - bbj@et.aau.dk

Annual Report 2012

Selected Projects

Large Scale Bio Energy Lab

The purposes of the project are to develop technical, economical and sustainable solutions to the existing infrastructure of a large number of biogas plants in SchleswigHolstein and the region of Southern Denmark. New solutions can count identifying and integrate new feedstocks, so the predominating energy cropping systems of Maize silage can be decreased, and to find new feedstocks on the Danish site of the cross border to bring valuable solutions besides manure and diminishing food wastes to the biogas plant sectors. Period: January 1 2012 December 31 2014. Participants: AAU lead partner (ET), AAU Esbjerg campus and University of Applied Science, Flensburg and University of Flensburg, Germany. Funding: Total project amount: 7.941.650 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 3.028.065 DKK). Contact Person: Associate Professor Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, ET Esbjerg Campus jhn@et.aau.dk

Annual Report 2012

Selected Projects

EUDP Hydrofaction
EUDP Hydrofaction is a pilot project intended to establish a platform for hydrothermal liquefaction as a sustainable, 2nd generation technology to produce biofuels. Hydrothermal liquefaction, or HTL, is a thermochemical technology in which high pressure water is used as an agent to decompose biomass and produce a high quality bio-crude, similar in many respects to fossil crude oil. A main purpose of the project is to design and construct a 5 kg/h continuous test facility, the CBS1, which will be installed at ET in 2Q 2013. Significant additional funding for the CBS1 has been provided by the Obel Foundation and the Faculty of Technology and Science, AAU. The CBS1 will be the most advanced HTL experimental facility in the world, and will be a main component in future research on sustainable biofuels at ET. Period: January 1 2012 December 31 2013. Participants: Steeper Energy ApS (Steen Iversen, CTO) (project lead), ET-AAU, Dept. of Chemistry, AU. Funding: EUDP. Total project amount: 6.329.460 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 1.200.960 DKK). Contact Person: Professor Lasse Rosendahl - lar@et.aau.dk

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Selected Projects

MegaDrive
The H2Drive fuel cell power pack module is used in industrial vehicles below 3 tons. MegaDrive will focus on developing a prototype system based on the present technology, with the aim of increasing power delivery to enable use in 3-7 tons material handling vehicles. Department of Energy Technology contribute to the project with theoretical modelling and design of future concepts for power systems from 100 kW and larger. Period: September 1 2012 December 31 2014. Participants: H2Logic A/S, EnergiMidt Infrastruktur A/S, DTU Electro, Aalborg University (ET). Funding: EUDP Total project amount: 17.461.573 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 2.516.625 DKK). Contact Person: Associate Professor Mads Pagh Nielsen - mpn@et.aau.dk

Variable-speed, robust synchronous reluctance machine drive systems

Synchronous Reluctance Machine (SyncRM) is receiving increasing attentions since the permanent magnet material crisis. This project develops a robust, compact drive system using SyncRM. Small DC-link capacitor is used to bring a compact design of the frequency converter, which is highly appreciated by the industry. The research work aims at introducing simple, robust, sensorless control algorithms that can maximize the performance of the SyncRM drive at various working conditions. Period: September 15th 2012 September 14th 2015. Participants: Aalborg University, Lodam A/S, Dansk Energi, PSO-ELforsk programme. Funding: EUDP Total project amount: 2.875.590 DKK (Dept. of ET part: 2.875.590 DKK). Contact Person: Associate Professor Kaiyuan Lu - klu@et.aau.dk

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New PhDs
Amir Sajjad Bahman
Title: Multidisciplinary Design Tool for Power Circuits Power electronic components and circuits are essential parts of energy generation systems such as wind turbines, photovoltaic systems, pumps, adjustable speed drives etc. In order to design for reliability it is important to be able to simulate electrical behaviour, thermal and mechanical behaviour and this project will explore the possibilities to develop a design tool which is able to simulate those matters. The tool can be one tool or it can be co-simulation using different tools.

Ane Katharina Paarup Meyer

Title: Large Scale Bioenergy LabIdentification, Analysis, Mapping and Management of Sustainable Biomass Resources in the Region of Southern Denmark-Sleswig-K.E.R.N., Germany The Ph.D. project is part of the Interreg 4A project: Large Scale Bioenergy Laboratory and its objective is to identify, make spatial analysis and set up management strategies for sustainable biomass resources for bioenergy production that does not cause negative impacts on nature, environment, climate and food production in the project area (Region of Southern Denmark-Schleswig-K.E.R.N., Germany).

Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai

Title: Control, Protection and Demand Response in the Low Voltage Grids Future power distribution system needs to incorporate intelligent control and protection coordination so as to make the system autonomous and facilitate smart grid objectives such as demand response. This project aims to develop and validate control and protection system architectures to coordinate the elements of smart grids, mainly the smart meters and controllable loads, while taking into account the information and communication technology (ICT) characteristics.

Chao Wang
Title: Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Large-Scale Wind Turbines The objective of this project is to increase the reliability as well as the availability of wind turbines by applying intelligent fault diagnosis technology. This project will focus on the development of effective feature extraction methods and intelligent fault diagnosis models which are suitable for analysis of faults in wind turbine based on fully understanding the fault mechanism in wind power system.

Chendan Li
Title: Quality of Energy Services for MV Clusters of Microgrids The Quaternary Control Level of MicroGrids In this project, a standardised modelling and analysis methods will be strived to define based on the stateof-art of power electronics technology. The dynamic stability analysis and reconfiguration for protection coordination and route optimisation will be studied in order to improve the Quality of Energy Services both for end users and the utilities.

Dan Wu
Title: Coordinated Control for Power Quality in Grid Connected and Islanded Three-Phase MicroGrids Microgrid can be considered as a controllable local grid with multiple renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and loads. However, a practical islanded system may suffer from the limitation of power generation or storage capability. This project is oriented the coordinated control of RES, ESS and loads, to achieve a flexible and reliable operation of Microgrids.

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New PhDs

Dao Zhou
Title: Reliability and Control Strategies for Wind Turbine System Over the last years, the global wind energy capacity has increased rapidly and became the fastest developing renewable energy technology. One of the projects targets is to study and compare two dominating wind power configurations partial-scale and full-scale power converters with two-level back-to-back voltage source converters, regarding on efficiency, reliability, redundancy and cost. Then control strategies related to improving power loss distribution, thermal performance and lifetime model will be proposed based on evaluation and investigation. Eventually, the analysis results are expected to be verified by simulation and experiment.

Dong Wang
Title: Variable-speed, Robust Synchronous Reluctance Machine Drive Systems This project will develop a robust, compact drive system using synchronous reluctance machine as the drive motor. Small DC-link capacitor is used to bring a compact design of the frequency converter, which is desired by the industry. The research work aims at developing simple, robust control algorithms that can maximize the performance of the drive under various working conditions.

Elsayed Mohamed Abulanwar

Title: Wind Farm Integration into the Power System This project is dedicated to investigate the transient stability issues of wind power plant, WPP gridconnected systems that are subjected to islanding scenarios under three operation modes, namely, grid-connected, islanded and synchronization modes. WPP Grid codes will be considered to achieve LVRT, capability to ensure safe operation of the WTs. The study target is to present a generalised control strategy for different operation modes to provide better transient performance and smooth transition between these modes.

Emmanouil Dimopoulos
Title: High Efficient Power Electronics Converter for New Generator Technology Scientists from Danfoss PolyPower A/S have developed a new smart material titled Dielectric ElectroActive Polymer - DEAP, which can convert mechanical energy into electrical one. One of the most prominent future utilisations of the DEAP generator is the wave energy application. This Ph.D. focuses on the design and realisation of a suitable power electronics converter, which will render the energy harvesting process via a DEAP generator feasible.

Fan Zhou
Title: Degradation Mechanisms and Durability Test Methods of High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell with PBI Membrane The purpose of this PhD project is to provide and understand the degradation mechanisms of a PBI membranes based HT-PEM fuel cell. Shorter lifetime of HT-PEM fuel cells is expected compared with the LT-PEM fuel cells since the technology is less mature and degradation can be accelerated at higher operation temperature. Hence improving the durability is one of the most significant challenges for commercialisation of HT-PEM fuel cells.

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New PhDs

Ge Xie
Title: Design of Parameter Independent, High Performance Sensorless Controllers for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Permanent Magnet (PM) machine has become the most promising drive motor candidate for many industrial applications, due to its high efficiency and high torque density. Sensorless control is often required to control a PM machine, to save the cost and increase the reliability of the drive system. The focus of this Ph. D. project will be to improve the existing parameter independent sensorless control algorithms, with respect to performance improvement and simplification of the algorithm to ease implementation in practice.

Ghulam Mustafa Shoro

Title: Integration of Photovoltaic Systems with the Smart Grid The aim of the project is to design a Smart Inverter that should manage Power Quality, Islanding, LVRT, and support the power gridrelated control functions. Smart grid can help with the intermittency problem; digital monitoring, switching, and relays could get the resources in phase so it can interconnect without disruption. Smart Inverter serves as an interface between source and load that will provide better power, greater protection.

Helong Li
Title: Power Electronic Converter used in Wind Power System based on SiC and GaN Type Components SiC devices rated 1200 V or 1700 V are expected to replace IGBT devices. Below 600 V a candidate is GaN technology and they switch a decade faster than Si MosFet. We will design SiC and GaN converters and obtain their performance of power efficiency, power density and reliability. We will measure how many cycles to failure the SiC and GaN devices. We will analyse reasons of failure by applying contacts to department of physics.

Huang Min
Title: Control and Reliability of Power Electronics Converters for Microgrids The objective of this project is to study efficient and reliable power electronics converter systems for microgrids, which allow the operation in islanding mode with voltage control and load demand sharing meaning a risk of frequency and voltage variation. At the same time the operation in grid-connected mode with current control is studied to improve power quality and ensure complete grid synchronisation.

Jakob Brholm Glasdam

Title: Harmonics in Large Offshore Wind Farms Employing Power Electronics in the Transmission System This Industrial PhD aims at gaining a deeper understanding on the harmonic emission of Static Compensators and High-Voltage Direct Current converters, which will be widely used for grid connection of offshore wind farms. The project investigates how these converters, from a harmonic perspective, interact with each other, with the wind turbine converters etc. The objective is to develop models and a best practice for harmonic stability assessment.

Jie Tian
Title: Advanced Coordinative Control of Wind Power Conversion System The PhD project will investigate control methods and design control algorithms for a wind power conversion system. The main research contents are: coordinative control of wind turbines, including pitch control, power electronic converter control and wind farm control to realize optimal wind power production and contribute to the reduction of turbine stress, load and power losses, and to assist the grid integration and farm operation of large wind turbines.

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New PhDs

Konstantinos Kouzelis
Title: Development of a Grid Load Model and Technical VPP (TVPP) Power flow is performed using power flow programs which can analyse, if there are any grid limit violations. However, such power flow analysis is very time consuming and cannot be used for online calculations. Therefore, it is essential to generate simplified models of the distribution network.These adaptive models will be used to set up a criterion for how much power it is possible to trade in the different timeslots at the market place.

Kristian Kjr Justesen

Title: Modeling and Control of a Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell System to be used in Electric Hybrid Systems Storing hydrogen for fuel cells is impractical and energy consuming. Operating HTPEM fuel cells on hydrogen from a methanol reformer is therefore an interesting prospect. Integrated systems where this concept is used are called Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell systems. They are complex systems with many internally coupled energy flows. This PhD project is concerned with modeling and controlling these systems in a safe, efficient and fast manner.

Lars Jrgensen
Title: Large Scale Bioenergy Lab: Methanation as an Option for Dynamic Small Scale Biogas Upgrading in the Region of Southern DenmarkSchleswigK.E.R.N. Germany Energy systems with a high content of fluctuating renewables need a management of energy production and demand and storage systems. In this project a novel dynamic biogas upgrading process is developed to use the existing biogas plant pool in Schleswig-Holstein for such a management and storage. There will be two process stages: (i) CHP production during energy demand and (ii) natural gas production from surplus production.

Lexuan Meng
Title: Tertiary Control and Energy Management System in Microgrids The PhD project, named Tertiary Level Energy Management in Microgrids, started from October 2012. Tertiary level management deals with optimal operation and power flow control. Untill now, general hierarchy of the management system is proposed, and applied to a DC MG optimisation issue to improve system efficiency. Future work will be the development of Energy Management System and AC Microgrid optimisation.

Mehmet Sertug Basar

Title: State Monitoring and Online Control Optimization of Electrical Drive Systems To optimise the performance of a system involving variable speed drives it is important to have detailed knowledge of the characteristics and conditions of the primary components in the system, e.g. the motor, the load and the link between them. It is the objective of this project to study observability of various drive systems (from the drives perspective), develop rational methods for online acquisition of system data and to demonstrate the use of these data in an optimised control system.

S. Mostafa F. Astaneh
Title: Optimisation of Electricity Markets with Wind Power and DG Units for good Economics and Grid Security High intermittency in the nature of wind power emphasises conceptual revising in the regulations and mechanisms of electricity markets which enjoy high penetration levels. This PhD project will study electricity market mechanisms, pricing, regulation power and load characteristics. The effecting factors on economic performance of the mixed pattern power system will be studied. Expected results of the project will enhance the efficiency and performance of wind dominant electricity markets.

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New PhDs

Nicolae-Cristian Sintamarean
Title: Emerging Power Electronics Devices and Circuit Design The goal of the project is to develop a Reliability Design Tool for the new generation of Power Converters which are based on WBG-semiconductor devices, used in photovoltaic systems, pump, adjustable speed drives etc. The design platform will include electrical, thermal and life time models. These WBG semiconductor based devices have superior electrical properties and are likely candidates to replace Si in some applications. Their recent commercialisation is expected to revolutionise the power electronics industry in the near future.

Pramod Ghimire
Title: Real Time Measurement and Lifetime Prediction Methods of Power Modules The objective of this research is to develop a new measurement technique which measures the physical quantities such as voltage, temperature and current in real time and detects wear out state of the power transistors. A test bench will be prepared capable of stressing transistors in real life working point by controlling the voltage, current and phase of the device under test. The new measurement technique will be tested in the test rig and the technique will include in standard IGBT gate driver module for the field operation.

Qobad Shafiee
Title: Intelligent Energy Microgrids Clusters Hierarchical control for MicroGrids has been proposed recently in order to standardise their operation and functions. This PhD project is focused on the secondary control design of islanded and grid connected MicroGrids in order to regulate frequency, voltage, active power and reactive power. Both centralised and distributed secondary control strategies as well as their corresponding communication issues will be studied in this project.

Reza Ahmadi Kordkheili

Title: Flexibility and Balancing in Distribution Networks The objectives of this project are to deal with: a) modelling of the distribution network; b) load balancing in the network: the objective is to propose new control algorithms to optimise the use of demand-side response provided via flexibility management. The hypothesis of this project are: a) It is possible to make a fast, predictive model for load; b) the grid can be simulated with the proposed load models to evaluate possible capabilities; c) a control scheme for demand side management.

Rongwu Zhu
Title: Advanced Control Strategy for Wind Turbine System under Abnormal Condition The main objective of this project is to improve the stability of wind turbine system and to fulfill the requirements of the grid code under abnormal condition, especially under serious grid fault. Much more attention will be paid to the control strategies and new topologies in order to optimise power quality (eliminating harmonics) and to achieve fault ride through.

Rui Wu
Title: Multi-Physics Based Modelling of Power Electronic Components and Circuits The reliability of power electronic components and circuits are becoming more and more important in energy conversion systems, e.g. wind turbines, photovoltaic systems, electrical vehicles, motor drives etc. This project will adopt a multi-physics approach to model the basic components and circuits in power electronic applications. The expected results are contributing to state-of-the-art multi-physics models of power electronic components and achieving better understanding of power devices failure mechanisms. Furthermore, the proposal multi-physics models will be implanted into multi-disciplinary converter design tools to simulate weak spots, prevent potential failures, as well as calculate life-time of power electronic systems.

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New PhDs

Simon Lennart Sahlin

Title: Modelling and Characterisation of a 5kW Methanol Reformer Fuel Cell System The purpose of this project is to develop control strategies that can enhance the efficiency, durability and the response time for a 5kW methanol fuelled fuel cell system. The heat is transferred through an oil circuit to utilise the heat from burning the excess hydrogen from the fuel cell. The key element in this project is to characterise the different components in the system to better understand the limitations of this technology.

Soma Mohammadi
Title: Conversion of Existing District Heating Grids to Low-Temperature Operation and Extension to New Areas of Buildings The Hypothesis of this project is that it is possible to convert/extend the existing district heating grids from high temperature to low temperature, i.e. supply/return temperatures of 50=20oC to the areas with low energy demand buildings. Therefore it becomes possible to utilise renewable energy in form of heat to new or renovated buildings in urban areas. The project focus is on the extension of district heating grids to areas where the existing buildings will be energy renovated over the next decades or new built-areas with low energy demand buildings.

Thomas Helmer Pedersen

Title: Optimising Fuel Flexibility through High Quality Bio-Oils This PhD project investigates the hydrothermal liquefaction process; a potential route for deriving liquid drop-in biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. The major objective is to address the degradation and interaction of biomass constituents in the conversion from raw biomass to finished product. It is envisioned that a topology can be established, for the prediction of product yield and quality based on biomass composition and process conditions.

Tushar Batra
Title: Magnetic Coupling for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles This PhD project is a part of the Wireless Inductive Charging to Interoperation Testing (WIC2IT) project which consist of several European companies and universities. The overall purpose of the WIC2IT project is to develop a standard for wireless inductive charging of electric vehicles in order to disseminate this technology. The secondary purpose of this project would be the identification of the unwanted components in the circuit with the optimise use of power electronics in the circuit.

Yanjun Tian
Title: Research of Active Distribution Network with High Penetration of Renewable Energies The research of active distribution network aims to develop a scheme to coordinate the DGs to improve the integration and efficiency of renewable energy in the power system. The objective of this project is to solve the power quality problems at a systematic level, and optimise the active distribution network power flow, and also improve its capability with the utility grid. And the traditional solutions to the harmonics and imbalance are based on the single DG control, which may deteriorate the system stability for their uncoordinated behaviour, so a system-level solution might be a better choice.

Zian Qin
Title: Control Strategies of WTG with Energy Storage Systems for Improved Reliability This topic is about control strategies of wind power converter with energy storage system for improved reliability. The main idea is to utilise short-term energy storage technologies to reduce the power fluctuation in wind power system to decrease the temperature variations of the power module and finally prolong the cycle life of the power module.

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Finished PhDs

Weihao Hu: Operation of Modern Distribution Power Systems in Competitive Electricity Markets. Chi Su: Oscillation Performance and Wide-area Coordination Control of Power System with Large-scale Wind Farms. Samuel Simon Araya: High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells - Degradation and Durability. Teruo Ohno: Dynamic Study on the 400 kV 60 km Kyndbyvrket - Asnsvrket Lineems. Alireza Rezania Kolaei: Design, Modelling and Optimisation of Thermoelectrical Power Generation Devices. Rodrigo da Silva Optimization of Multiteminal VSC-HVDC Transmission for Wind Power Plants. Andrzej Adamczyk: Power Systems Oscillation Damping with Augmented Wind Power Plant. mer Gksu: Control of Wind Turbines during Symmetrical and Asymetrical Grid Faults. Mfit Altin: Dynamic Frequency Response of Wind Power Plants. Maciej Swierczynski: Li-ion Battery Energy Storage for Augmented Wind Power Plants.

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Finished PhDs

Mu Wei: Communications for Coordinative Control of Wind Power Systems. Fujin Deng: Wind Turbine Configuration for Offshore Wind Farm with DC Connection. Yang Yang: Large Eddy Simulation of Flow Structures in the Sydney Swirl Burner. Erhan Demirok: Control of Grid Interactive PV Inverters for High Penetration in Low Voltage Distribution Networks. Ram Krishan Maheshwari: The Use of Active Elements to Reduce the Size and Weight of Passive Components in Adjustable Speed Drives. Lajos Trk: Grid Converter for LED Based Intelligent Light Source. Szymon Beczkowski: Control and Driving Methods for LED Based Intelligent Light Sources. Ionut Trintis: Medium Voltage Grid Converters for Storage. Vincenzo Liso: Design and Control of a SOFC Micro CHP System. Lukasz Kocewiak: Harmonics in Large Offshore Wind Farms. Torben Matzen: Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. Alexandros Arsalis: Development of Next Generation Micro-CHP System.

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Selected Journal Papers

Stator Current Harmonic Control with Resonant Controller for Doubly Fed Induction Generator Changjin Liu; Frede Blaabjerg; Wenjie Chen; Dehong Xu I E E E Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, No. 7, pp. 3207-3220. Synthesis of Variable Harmonic Impedance in Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generation Unit for Harmonic Damping Throughout a Distribution Network Xiongfei Wang; Frede Blaabjerg; Zhe Chen I E E E Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 1407-1417. Derivation of Theoretical Formulas of the Frequency Component Contained in the Overvoltage Related to Long EHV Cables Teruo Ohno; Claus Leth Bak; Ametani Akihiro; Wojciech Wiechowski; Thomas Kjrsgaard Srensen I E E E Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 866-876. Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent MicrogridsPart II: Power Quality, Energy Storage, and AC/DC Microgrids Josep M. Guerrero; Poh Chiang Loh; Tzung-Lin Lee; Mukul Chandorkar I E E E Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 1263-1270. Power Electronics Converters for Wind Turbine Systems Frede Blaabjerg; Marco Liserre; Ke Ma I E E E Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 48, No, 2, pp. 708-719. Experimental Characterisation of the Poisoning Effects of Methanol-Based Reformate Impurities on a PBI-Based High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Samuel Simon Araya; Sren Juhl Andreasen; Sren Knudsen Kr Energies, Vol. 5, No. 11, p. 4251-4267.

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Selected Journal Papers

Characterising and Modelling of an 88 MW Grate-Fired Boiler Burning Wheat Straw: Experience and lessons Chungen Yin; Lasse Rosendahl; Snnik Clausen; Sren Hvid Energy, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 473-482. Design of Neutral-Point Voltage Controller of a Three-level NPC Inverter with Small DC-Link Capacitors RamKrishan Maheshwari; Stig Munk-Nielsen; Sergio Busquets-Monge I E E E Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 5, pp. 1861-1871. The Impact of Power Switching Devices on the Thermal Performance of a 10 MW Wind Power NPC Converter Ke Ma; Frede Blaabjerg, F. Energies, Vol. 5, No. 7, pp. 2559-2577. Estimation of the Required Modelling Depth for the Simulation of Cable Switching in a Cable-based Network Filipe Faria Da Silva; Claus Leth Bak; Per Balle Holst I E E E Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 1902-1908. Modelling, Analysis, and Design of Stationary Reference Frame Droop Controlled Parallel Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters Juan CarlosVasquez; Josep M. Guerrero; Mehdi Savaghebi; Joaqun Eloy-Garcia; Remus Teodorescu I E E E Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 1271 1280. Negative Sequence Current Control in Wind Power Plants With VSC-HVDC Connection Sanjay Chaudhary; Remus Teodorescu; Pedro Rodriguez; Philip Carne Kjaer; Ani M. Gole I E E E Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 535-544. Power Capability Investigation Based on Electrothermal Models of Press-pack IGBT ThreeLevel NPC and ANPC VSCs for Multimegawatt Wind Turbines Osman Senturk; Lars Helle; Stig Munk-Nielsen; Pedro Rodriguez; Remus Teodorescu I E E E Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, No. 7, pp. 3195-3206. An Active Damping Technique for Small DC-Link Capacitor Based Drive System RamKrishan Maheshwari; Stig Munk-Nielsen; Kaiyuan Lu I E E E Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 848-858.

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Selected Journal Papers

Experimental Investigation of Thermoelectric Power Generation versus Coolant Pumping Power in a Microchannel Heat Sink Alireza Rezania Kolaei; Lasse Rosendahl; Sren Juhl Andreasen International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, No. 8 pp. 1054-1058. Numerical Model of a Thermoelectric Generator with Compact Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Exhaust Heat Recovery Xin Gao; Sren Juhl Andreasen; Min Chen; Sren Knudsen Kr International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, No. 10, pp. 8490-8498. Common-Mode Voltage Reduction in a Motor Drive System with a Power Factor Correction J. Adabi; A. A. Boora; F. Zare; A. Nami; A. Ghosh; Frede Blaabjerg IET Power Electronics, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 366-375. Thermal Effect of Ceramic Substrate on Heat Distribution in Thermoelectric Generators Alireza Rezania Kolaei; Lasse Rosendahl Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1343-1347. Estimation of the Required Modelling Depth for the Simulation of Cable Switching in a Cable-Based Network Filipe Faria Da Silva; Claus Leth Bak; Per Balle Holst I E E E Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 1902-1908. Thermal Battery with CO2 Compression Heat Pump: Techno-Economic Optimisation of a High-Efficiency Smart Grid Option for Buildings Morten Blarke; Kazuaki Yazawa; Ali Shakouri; Carolina Carmo Energy and Buildings, Vol. 50, p. 128-138. A Review of Power Electronics Based Microgrids Xiongfei Wang; Josep M. Guerrero; Frede Blaabjerg; Zhe Chen International Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 181-192. Low Stoichiometry Operation of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Employing the Interdigitated Flow Field - A Modelling Study Torsten Berning; Sren Knudsen Kr International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, No. 10, pp. 8477-8489.

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Selected Journal Papers

Enhanced Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controller for Unbalanced Grid-Voltage Conditions Manuel Reyes; Pedro Rodriguez; Sergio Vazquez; Alvaro Luna; Remus Teodorescu; Juan Manuel Carrasco I E E E Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 3934-3943. Numerical Simulation of Effect of Catalyst Wire-Mesh Pressure Drop Characteristics on Flow Distribution in Catalytic Parallel Plate Steam Reformer Haftor rn Sigurdsson; Sren Knudsen Kr International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, No. 12, pp. 9485-9495. A New Technique for Tracking the Global Maximum Power Point of PV Arrays Operating Under Partial-Shading Conditions Eftichis Koutroulis; Frede Blaabjerg I E E E Journal of Photovoltaics, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 184-190. Control Configuration Selection for Multivariable Nonlinear Systems Hamidreza Shaker; Mohammad Komareji Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 51, No. 25, pp. 8583-8587. EulerLagrange Simulation of GasSolid Pipe Flow with Smooth and Rough Wall Boundary Conditions Matthias Mand; Chungen Yin Powder Technology Vol 225, pp. 32-42. Towards a better Understanding of Biomass Suspension Co-Firing Impacts via Investigating a Coal Flame and a Biomass Flame in a Swirl-Stabilized Burner Flow Reactor under same Conditions Chungen Yin; Lasse Rosendahl; Sren Knudsen Kr Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 98, No. 1, pp. 65-73. Control of Power Converters in AC Microgrids Joan Rocabert; Alvaro Luna; Frede Blaabjerg; Pedro Rodriguez I E E E Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, No. 11, pp. 4734-4749. Comparison of Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Based Simulation and Large Eddy Simulation for one Isothermal Swirling Flow Yang Yang; Sren Knudsen Kr Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 154-161.

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Selected Events
The SPOT 2012 Student Conference
The SPOT is a student conference focusing on engineering subjects and is hosted by the department. The conference is organised by students for students and the goal of the conference is to give young students a chance to write scientific papers for presentation in a student forum. By participating in the conference students become familiar with writing an abstract for a scientific paper as well as the general rules for writing a conference paper.

Annual Energy Seminar 2012

Every year, the Energy Sponsor Programme at the department arranges an annual Energy Seminar. The seminar was as usual held in December and once again focus was on current subjects and problems within the area of energy. In the morning the programme consisted of presentations by external speakers focusing on e.g. renewable energy and Danish challenges in a global context and the afternoon was focusing on presentations of interesting projects within the eleven research programmes at the department. Employees and guests at the Department, members of the Energy Sponsor Programme, collaboration partners in the industry as well as other departments at Aalborg University participated in the seminar.

5th Annual Vestas Power Programme Symposium

In December, The Vestas Power Programme and the department invited to the 5th Annual Symposium on Grid Integration of Wind Energy. During the day presentations were made by both university researchers and people from the industry from all over Europe. In 2012 the symposium was held at the Utzon Centre in Aalborg.

31st International & 10th European Conference on Thermoelectrics, ICT/ECT2012

The ICT conference is the leading annual meeting in the field of thermoelectrics. The conference focuses on materials as well as design and fabrication of modules and device performance. In 2012, the department was hosting the conference, which was held in Nordkraft, Aalborg. Honouring the long tradition of high standards of the previous ICTs, the ambition of the ICT/ECT2012 was to bring the field of thermoelectrics to the awareness of the general public as a contributing technology for efficient and sustainable energy conversion and use in the future. More than 600 researchers, students and exhibitors participated in the conference.

PEDG 2012
In 2012, the third symposium of Power Electronics and Distributed Generation (PEDG2012) was organised by the department. It was held in Aalborg, following up on two successful symposia in China in 2010 and 2008. The newest knowledge within the field of power electronics was presented orally by researchers from all over the world. The symposium was sponsored by IEEE Power Electronics Society.

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Selected Events

Graduation 2012

ICT conference

Student Poster Party

Graduation
In June, the department held the yearly Graduation Ceremony for Masters graduating from Electrical Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering, Mechatronic Control Engineering, Power Electronics and Drives, Thermal Energy and Process Engineering and Wind Power Systems. Jrgen Mads Clausen, the Chairman of Danfoss A/S held a speech for the graduates before they received their diplomas. Moreover, the Energy Sponsor Programme at the department handed out 1st, 2nd and 3rd prizes to the project groups demonstrating marvellous academic skill, extraordinary engagement and solid work throughout their work with the master thesis. After the ceremony a reception was held at the department.

Student Poster Party

The Student Poster Party is an annual event held for staff, students and especially all international students at the department. The Poster Party is a chance for the students to meet each other across specialisations and semesters. Each nationality presents the best (or worst) sides of their country through a short presentation supported by a poster. Prizes were given to the best posters and presentations.

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Selected New Laboratory Facilities

Wind Tunnel

SWIR Camera with PV Module

Renovation and updating of the department laboratories

In 2012, a large renovation and update of the department laboratories was initiated. The renovation is done in stages and extends to 2015. After the renovation, we will have a large range of new world class facilities at our disposal, which not only include student facilities, but also central research facilities within the electrical and thermal area: New bio oil facilities with advanced test and demo equipment Updated laboratory for fuel cells and batteries Heavy laboratory for large experimental set-ups with power of up to 1 MW Advanced reliability laboratory for test of lifetime etc. New drive systems laboratories with possibility of testing electrical cars Medium voltages laboratory with 20 KV and 1 MW testing of converters etc. Advanced photovoltaic laboratory with new opportunities for characterising and testing of photovoltaic components and systems New facilities for testing integrated energy systems, e.g. green buildings Characterisation and test of power electronic converters for wind turbines etc. New fluid power laboratory with testing of wave energy PTO systems among others Flow laboratory with wind tunnel Smart Grid and MicroGrid laboratories with advanced test opportunities High voltage laboratory with updated test systems Offshore laboratory with wave basin among others Outdoor platforms for testing solar heating, photovoltaic cells, small wind turbines, heat pumps etc.

The renovation includes our laboratories in both Aalborg and Esbjerg. In the same period we will, besides the new laboratories, also establish new buildings for students as well as the employees in Aalborg.

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Annual Report 2012

Selected New Laboratory Facilities

Battery and Fuel Cell Laboratory

A 50kW ERS-800-500 Heinzinger high voltage power supply has been added to the battery and fuel cell laboratory. The power supply is capable of both sourcing and sinking power, enabling charging and discharging of large battery packs with voltages up to 800V and currents of +/- 500A, supplying inverters with varying DC-link voltages and emulating the dynamic current load of modern hybrid electrical energy systems.

Power Electronic Converter Lifetime Test Systems

Testing of power electronics components include double pulse, ware out using power cycling with sinusoidal or pulse excitation with program-mable Tmean and Tdelta. Accurate measurement of conduction voltage in static and dynamic test of devices. Advanced thermal camera and fiber optical measurement for characterisation of open module temperature profile. Also Tj identification methods using conducting voltage are being investigated. Current levels are up to 3000A and voltage up to 2000V.

Photovoltaic Systems Laboratory

In 2012 an A+A+A+ solar simulator, SPI-Sun 5600SLP and a high sensitivity InGaAs short wave infrared (SWIR) camera for electroluminescence (EL) testing of PV modules have been acquired. Both devices will primarily be used for research on PV module diagnostics and degradation, but the research group will also offer services to local Danish PV manufacturers and installers for high accuracy measurement of their modules. Photo of the Spire SPI-SUN 5600 SLP solar.

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Selected New Laboratory Facilities

Fluid Power Laboratory / Wave Simulator Testbench

The laboratory includes the worlds first full scale wave simulator testbench, designed for testing Power Take Off (PTO)-systems for wave energy converters. The testbench is able to produce forces of more than 800 kN at velocities up to 1 m/s, and is fully equipped with state of the art transducers. The testbench will be used to analyse, optimise and compare different PTO-systems and for developing new control strategies for wave energy systems.

Intelligent MicroGrid Laboratory

The iMGL will allow to test and implement control and energy management strategies for MicroGrids, being suitable for next PhD/ Industrial courses programmed in AAU. The laboratory is based on 28 dc-ac power electronics converters controlled by dSPACE system. The flexibility of this platform allows multiple configurations like grid-connected and islanded MicroGrids, DC-AC and hybrid MicroGrids, or multiple MicroGrids clusters.

DC MicroGrid Laboratory
The Laboratory consists of several setups where each one of them has dSPACE systems, 24 DC/DC converters, constant power electronic loads and multiterminal medium voltage connection 1000V/65A. In every setup 24 converters are going to be controlled through a real-time platform dSPACE control desk. It is possible to develop parallel connection of converters to form a common low voltage and medium voltage DC bus (until 1000V/65A) among others.

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Selected New Laboratory Facilities

100 kW Drives Test System

In order to characterise and test electrical drives primary for the automotive sector a 100 kW test bench, originally sponsored by Sauer Danfoss, has been upgraded and set into operation. Currently the test bench is equipped with a load machine in form of Siemens servo motor which is able to deliver a peak torque of 500 Nm and operate up to 3600 rpm. With the 1000 Nm torque transducer and a power analyser the test bench is used for making efficiency maps of in-house developed near wheel drives for electrical vehicles.

The Audi A8 converted into an electric vehicle.

The battery pack of the converted Audi.

Electric Vehicle Project

As a part of the project The Future HighEfficiency Electric Car, Integrated into the Electricity Supply Network the department has converted an Audi A8 into an electric car. The power train of the converted vehicle consist of two electric machines with integrated magnetic gears, which gives an extremely high power/torque density, two inverters for the speed/torque control of the car, and an 800 V battery pack. In Figure 1 the converted Audi can be seen and in Figure 2 it is seen that the high voltage battery packs have been installed in the engine compartment where the internal combustion engine used to be. The two electric motors are connected to the rear wheels of the car.

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Awards and Honours

Kristian Kjr Justesen

Benoit Bidoggia

Ke Ma

Best Paper Award for research in wave energy

At the ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control FPMC 2012, Associate Professor Henrik C. Pedersen and co-authors Anders H. Hansen, Rico H. Hansen, Torben O. Andersen and Michael M. Bech all from the Department of Energy Technology received a prize for their paper Design and Control of Full Scale Wave Energy Simulator System.

PhD Student awarded with two prizes

In 2012, Kristian Kjr Justesen received two recognised prizes. At the Fuel Cells 2012 Science & Technology Conference he was awarded the Best Poster Paper Award for the poster Methanol Reformer System Modeling and Control using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System approach. At the 3rd Carisma International Conference he was winner of the 2nd Poster Prize for the poster Control of a methanol reformer system using an Adaptive NeuroFuzzy Inference System approach. Both posters were made together with John Andersen, Mikkel P. Ehmsen, Sren J. Andreasen, Hamid R. Shaker and Simon L. Sahlin.

Best Paper Award for research in Fuel Cell Systems

Assistant Professor Benoit Bidoggia is author of the paper Estimation of Membrane Hydration Status for Standby Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems by Impedance Measurement: First Results on Stack Characterization which received the Best Paper Award at the 7th International Conference & Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). The paper is co-authored by Professor Sren Knudsen Kr.

International honour for patented inventions and frequent collaboration

Professor Remus Teodorescu has received the international engineering association IEEEs highest acknowledgement for his contribution to improvement of renewable energy production. Patented inventions and frequent collaboration with the industry are among the arguments for the prestigious nomination of IEEE fellow.

International Honour for results in renewable energy systems connected to the grid
Professor Marco Liserre has received the international engineering association IEEEs highest recognition for his contribution to the improvement of renewable energy production. More than 100 frequently cited scientific articles and numerous excellent research results in renewable energy systems connected to the grid are among the reasons for the prestigious title of IEEE Fellow.

Award to PhD student and Professor for CORPE article

IEEE ECCE in the U.S. is the most prestigious conference in electrical energy conversion, including power electronics and wind turbines, and in competition with 500 other articles submitted, PhD Student Ke Ma and Professor Frede Blaabjerg were awarded a prize and a top three placement. This impressive achievement was for an article on intelligent control of a wind turbine when the net is a little unstable a critical factor in being able to handle large amounts of wind energy in an electrical network.

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Key Figures

Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 Student intake (first study year) Aalborg bachelor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aalborg bachelor of science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Esbjerg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 9 26 93

Student intake Aalborg (Master) . . . . . . . . . . 59 Total number of students as of October 1 Aalborg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Esbjerg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Graduated students in Aalborg Bachelor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 PhD students Graduated PhD students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 New PhD students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Total PhD students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Total number of employees at the Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Turnover Total turnover (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 External turnover (m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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Guests at the Department

The Department of Energy Technology receives guest on a continuous basis. This ensures good international contacts and knowledge sharing across borders. Both scientific staff and students benefit from the international environment created by the many guests as well as the knowledge these people bring to our department. Below you will find a list of guests at the department in 2012. For further information please visit our homepage. Haijiao Wang (PhD Student), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Wenjie Chen (PhD Student), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Fen Tang (Post Doc), Beijing Jiaotong University, China Christian Blanco (PhD Student), University of Oviedo, Gijn, Spain YanBo Wang (PhD Student), Southwest Jiaotong University, China Jiahu Guo (PhD Student), Shanghai University, China Hui Zeng (PhD Student), China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China Zhe Zhu (PhD Student), Tianjin University, China Rafael Pea Alzola (Post Doc), UPV-EHU, Spain Allan Montanari (PhD Student), University of Manitoba, Canada Elvira Baygildina (PhD Student), Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), Finland Natalia Angela Orlando (Post Doc), Politecnico di Bari, Italy Tomislav Dragicevic (PhD Student), University of Zagreb, Croatia Jun Yao (Associate Professor), Chongqing University, China Weimin Wu (Associate Professor), Shanghai Maritime University, China Zhihui Chen (Associate Professor), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Alexander Micallef (PhD Student), Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Gang Shi (PhD Student), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Micea Baba (PhD Student), University Politehnica of Timioara, Romania Ovidiu Roman Pelan (PhD Student), University Politehnica of Timioara, Romania Yong Fang (Associate Professor), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China

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Guests at the Department

Hongfei Wu (PhD Student), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Ronny Barufke (PhD Student), Glyndwr University, United Kingdom Matthias Vonmetz (Master Student), Bergische Universitt Wuppertal, Germany Mehmet Dal (Associate Professor), Kocaeli University, Turkey Joaquin Elroy-Garcia (PhD Student), Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain Xiaonan Lu (PhD Student), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Tzung-Lin Lee (Assistant Professor), National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Domenico Ricchiuto (PhD Student), Politecnico di Bari, Italy Adam Milczarek (PhD Student), Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Steluta Nedelcu (PhD Student), University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania Jinwei He (PhD Student), University of Alberta, Canada Ming Cheng (Professor), Southeast University, Nanjing, China Lucia Alvarez Gonzalez (PhD Student), Instituto Nacional del Carbn (INCAR-CSIC), Oviedo, Spain Quan Xu (PhD Student), Southwest Jiaotong University, China Wenzhou Liu (Professor), Changchun Institute of Technology, China Ioan Curac (PhD Student), Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Romania Lei Xiao (PhD Student), Hunan University, China Ioan Trifu (PhD Student), University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania Vasile Simion Craciun (PhD Student), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania Geev Mokryani (PhD Student), University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy Yuqiu Zhang (PhD Student), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Enda Cagal (PhD Student), Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Wei Mo (PhD Student), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Xiong Liu (PhD Student), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Chi Jin (PhD Student), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Changjin Liu (PhD Student), Zhejiang University, China

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Guests at the Department

Cases from guests in 2012

Zhe Zhu
I am Zhe Zhu. I come from Tianjin University which is located in China. I am a phD guest and my supervisor is Lasse Rosendahl. Our research group is working with sustainable generation of bio fuels from low value biomass by the thermochemical method such as hydrothermal liquefaction. The main objective of this work is the high efficiency conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to generate biooil in sub/super-critical water at a temperature of 280-380C, where non-catalytic and catalytic liquefaction were operated in both batch autoclave and a continuous operation unit. The effects of the treatment conditions such as temperature are discussed and in addition, a reaction pathway and modelling of the reaction kinetics are investigated.

Hui Zeng
I am from China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. I am a PhD guest and I work with Professor Zhen Chen and Xiao Liu in the department. I am researching the toque ripple reduction of SRM (Switched Reluctance Motor). An optimal TSF (Torque Sharing Function) of smooth torque with minimum supply voltage for SRM is studied. This research tries to solve these problems. First, what is the optimum TSF for producing the maximum smooth torque? Second, what is the relationship among maximum smooth torque, maximum current, rotation speed and supply voltage?

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Annual Report 2012

Graduated in 2012

Students names
Markos Katsanevakis Daniel Leo lason Thomas Ebdrup Morten Thule Hansen Kasper Schultz Pedersen Alberto Palomar Lozano Kenneth Rnsig Kanstrup Cam Pham Daniela Boian Valeriu-Ciprian Biris Elena Anamaria Man Nicolae-Cristian Sintamarean Tomasz Rybarski Adrian Hasmasan Vlad Muresan Rafal Krakowski Antoni Mir Cantarellas Bogdan Sfurtoc Fabio Mario Rossi Andrea Isidori Andres Suarez Gonzalez Angel Ruiz de Vega Emmanouil Dimopoulos Michele Martino Ioannis Kyriakidis

Specialisation
EPSH4 EPSH4 EPSH4 EPSH4 EPSH4 EPSH4 EPSH4 PED4 PED4 PED4 PED4 PED4 PED4 PED4 PED4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4 WPS4

Students names
Mads Hellegaard Andersen Rune Wiben Luis Fernando Garca Emil Zacho Rath Morten Ryge Bgild Jonas Lundsted Poulsen Martin Larsen Troels Bartholin Bertelsen Jakob Holmer Sehested Kristine Husballe Munk Carolina Carmo Ren Haller Schultz Thomas Helmer Pedersen Kre Elgaard Buskov Rasmus Mller Bering Morten Aalbk Kristensen Mikael Hjen Morten Hyldgaard Srensen Michael Holme Srensen Kristian Kjr Justesen Mikkel Prstholm Ehmsen John Andersen Cemre Yigen Thomas Schmidt In total: 49

Specialisation
TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 TEPE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4 MCE4

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Contact Information
Aalborg University Department of Energy Technology Pontoppidanstrde 101 9220 Aalborg East Denmark Phone: +45 9940 9240 Fax: +45 9815 1411 www.et.aau.dk Head of Department John K. Pedersen +45 9940 9264 jkp@et.aau.dk Department Secretary Tina L. Larsen +45 9940 9240 inst-sekr@et.aau.dk Aalborg University Esbjerg Niels Bohrsvej 8 6700 Esbjerg Denmark Section Leaders Aalborg Electric Power Systems Birgitte Bak-Jensen +45 9940 9274 bbj@et.aau.dk Thermal Energy Systems Mads Pagh Nielsen +45 9940 9259 mpn@et.aau.dk Power Electronic Systems Stig Munk-Nielsen +45 9940 9242 smn@et.aau.dk Fluid Mechanics and Combustion Henrik Srensen +45 9940 9261 hs@et.aau.dk Electrical Machines Ewen Ritchie +45 9940 9241 aer@et.aau.dk Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Torben O. Andersen +45 9940 9261 toa@et.aau.dk Section Leader Esbjerg Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen +45 9940 3317 jhn@et.aau.dk