2600 User Manual

www.keithley.
com
Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments

Users Manual
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
G R E A T E R
M E A S U R E
O F
C O N F I D E N C E
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of shipment. Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, software, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation. During the warranty period, Keithley Instruments will, at its option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective. To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley Instruments representative, or contact Keithley Instruments headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley Instruments express written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions. THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYERS SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE, EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COST OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
G R E A T E R
M E A S U R E
O F
C O N F I D E N C E
Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Corporate Headquarters 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440-248-0400 Fax: 440-248-6168 1-888-KEITHLEY (1-888-534-8453) www.keithley.com
3/07
Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual
2007, Keithley Instruments, Inc. All rights reserved. Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Document Number: 2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Manual Print History
Manual Print History

The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 2600S-900-01) ..............................................................May 2006 Revision B (Document Number 2600S-900-01) ...................................................September 2007
All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc. Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present. This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the product. Refer to the user documentation for complete product specifications. If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired. The types of product users are: Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained. Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits. Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel. Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures. Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Measurement Category I and Measurement Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise marked or described in the user documentation. Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring. Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed. Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance-limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card. Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
08/07
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator. For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers. Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured. The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions, or the safety of the equipment may be impaired. Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card. When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard. Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections. If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a lid interlock. If a The screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.
symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000V or more, including the combined effect of normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages. The The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns. symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
If this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws. The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure. The CAUTION heading in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty. Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans. Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables. To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits - including the power transformer, test leads, and input jacks - must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety-related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information. To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
Table of Contents
Section 1
Topic
Page
1-1
Front and Rear Panel Operation ...............................................
Front and rear panel familiarization ............................................................ 1-2 Front panel summaries......................................................................... 1-2 Rear panel summaries ......................................................................... 1-2 Safety symbols and terms .................................................................... 1-2 What are the source-measure capabilities? ............................................. 1-10 Model 2601 and Model 2602.............................................................. 1-10 Model 2611 and Model 2612 .............................................................. 1-10 Model 2635 and Model 2636.............................................................. 1-10 How do I power-up the instrument?.......................................................... 1-11 How do I make measurements? ............................................................... 1-12 How do I use the buffer?........................................................................... 1-16
Remote Operation ............................................................................
2-1
How do I use the remote interface?............................................................ 2-2 How do I use Test Script Builder?............................................................... 2-4 How do I use TSB to make measurements? .............................................. 2-9 How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 2-11 Using LabVIEW .................................................................................. 2-11 Using Visual Basic.............................................................................. 2-13
Test Script Processor Interaction .............................................
3-1
What is a script? ......................................................................................... 3-2 Factory scripts ...................................................................................... 3-2 User scripts .......................................................................................... 3-2 How do I run a script from the front panel?................................................. 3-2 How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? ............................ 3-3 Running a factory script ....................................................................... 3-3 Modifying a factory script ..................................................................... 3-5 Running the user script ...................................................................... 3-10 Deleting a user script and user tests ................................................. 3-11 How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 3-11 Using LabVIEW .................................................................................. 3-11 Using Visual Basic.............................................................................. 3-13
Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link) ..................

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?....................................................... How do I use the expanded system?.......................................................... Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes ............................................. Running scripts in a TSP-Link system..................................................
4-1 4-2 4-4 4-4 4-4
Table of Contents
Appendix Topic A B
Page
Specifications ..................................................................................... A-1 Frequently Asked Questions ...................................................... B-1

How do I optimize performance? ................................................................ B-2 Setting speed ....................................................................................... B-2 Disabling auto zero to increase speed ................................................. B-2 How do I use the Digital I/O port? ............................................................... B-3 Digital I/O port terminals ....................................................................... B-3 Controlling the Digital I/O port .............................................................. B-3 How do I trigger other instruments?............................................................ B-4 Triggering a scanner............................................................................. B-4 Programming triggering ........................................................................ B-4 How do I generate a service request? ........................................................ B-5 Setting up a service request ................................................................. B-5 Service request programming example................................................ B-5 Polling for SRQs................................................................................... B-5 How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory?............................. B-6 Front panel operation ........................................................................... B-6 Remote programming........................................................................... B-6 How do I stack channels to output higher voltage? .................................... B-7 How do I parallel channels to output higher current?.................................. B-9 How do I make contact check measurements? ........................................ B-10 Contact check connections ................................................................ B-10 Contact check programming example ................................................ B-11 How do I make low-current measurements? ............................................ B-12 Low-current connections .................................................................... B-12 Low-current measurement programming example............................. B-13
Index ......................................................................................................... I-1
ii
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
List of Figures
Section Figure 1
Title
Page
Front and Rear Panel Operation

Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 Figure 1-3 Figure 1-4 Figure 1-5 Figure 1-6 Figure 1-7 Figure 1-8 Series 2600 front panels............................................................... 1-3 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 rear panels ..................................... 1-6 Model 2635 and 2636 rear panels................................................ 1-8 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 DUT connections to 10k resistor 1-14 Model 2635/2636 DUT connections to 10k resistor ................. 1-14 Interlock circuit............................................................................ 1-15 Display modes ............................................................................ 1-15 Buffer display format................................................................... 1-17
Remote Operation
Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3 Figure 2-4 Figure 2-5 Figure 2-6 Figure 2-7 Figure 2-8 Figure 2-9 GPIB cable ................................................................................... 2-2 RS-232 cable................................................................................ 2-2 Test Script Builder initial startup screen........................................ 2-6 Instrument console control icons .................................................. 2-7 Select Instrument Resource dialog box........................................ 2-8 Source-measure command sequence in console window (2601/2602 version shown) ........................................................ 2-10 LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram ................... 2-12 Visual Basic example user interface........................................... 2-13 Example program test results..................................................... 2-15
Test Script Processor Interaction

Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2 Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 3-5 Figure 3-6 Figure 3-7 Figure 3-8 Figure 3-9 Figure 3-10 Pulse-measure cycle for the PulseVMeasureI function.............. 3-3 Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600 ................ 3-6 KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder................ 3-7 Run configuration example - Main tab shown .............................. 3-9 Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab shown........... 3-10 LabVIEW source step example .................................................. 3-12 GUI after loading the non-function script (GPIB) ........................ 3-15 GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB)........................ 3-16 GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB) ........... 3-18 GUI after calling the function (GPIB) .......................................... 3-20
Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Figure 4-1 TSP-Link connections................................................................... 4-2
List of Figures
Section Figure B
Title
Page
Frequently Asked Questions

Figure B-1 Figure B-2 Figure B-3 Figure B-4 Figure B-5 Figure B-6 Figure B-7 Digital I/O port terminals ............................................................... B-3 Triggering a scanner ..................................................................... B-4 Stacking channels for higher voltage ............................................ B-8 Connecting channels in parallel for higher current ....................... B-9 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 contact check connections ........... B-10 Model 2635/2636 contact check connections............................. B-11 Model 2635/2636 low-current connections ................................. B-12
iv
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
List of Tables
Section Table 1
Title
Page
Front and Rear Panel Operation

Table 1-1 Table 1-2 Table 1-3 Model 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities .................... 1-10 Model 2611 and 2612 source-measure capabilities..................... 1-10 Model 2635 and 2636 source-measure capabilities .................... 1-10
Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Table 4-1 Table 4-2 Assigning a node number to an instrument from the front panel ... 4-3 Resetting the TSP-Link from the front panel.................................. 4-3
Frequently Asked Questions

Table B-1 Commands for basic I/O port......................................................... B-3
List of Tables
This page left blank intentionally.
vi
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Section 1 Front and Rear Panel Operation

In this section:
Topic Front and rear panel familiarization ................................................. Front panel summaries.................................................................. Rear panel summaries .................................................................. Safety symbols and terms ............................................................. What are the source-measure capabilities?.................................... Model 2601 and Model 2602 ......................................................... Model 2611 and Model 2612 ......................................................... Model 2635 and Model 2636 ......................................................... How do I power-up the instrument?................................................. Connect to line power.................................................................... Turn on power ............................................................................... Set line frequency.......................................................................... How do I make measurements? ....................................................... Connect the DUT........................................................................... Select source and set source level................................................ Set compliance limit ...................................................................... Select measurement function and range....................................... Turn output on ............................................................................... Make measurements ..................................................................... Turn output off ............................................................................... How do I use the buffer? ................................................................... Connect the DUT........................................................................... Set up source and measure functions ........................................... Configure the buffer....................................................................... Turn on the output ......................................................................... Store readings ............................................................................... Turn off the output ......................................................................... Recall readings.............................................................................. Page 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-10 1-10 1-10 1-10 1-11 1-11 1-11 1-11 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-16 1-16 1-16 1-16 1-16 1-16 1-16 1-17
Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation
Front and rear panel familiarization

Front panel summaries
The front panels of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600 System SourceMeter are shown in Figure 1-1. The descriptions of the front panel controls follow Figure 1-1.
Rear panel summaries

The rear panels of the Models 2601/2602 and 2611/2612 are shown in Figure 1-2 on page 1-6. The rear panels of the Models 2635 and 2636 are shown in Figure 1-3 on page 1-8. The descriptions of the rear panel components follow Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3.
Safety symbols and terms

The following symbols and terms may be found on the instrument or used in this manual: The ! symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual. The symbol on the instrument shows that high voltage may be present on the terminal(s). Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages. The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns. The WARNING heading used in this manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure. The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
1-2
Return to Section Topics
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure 1-1 Models 2601, 2611, 2602, 2612, 2635, and 2636 front panels
Model 2601, Model 2611, and Model 2635

SYSTEM SourceMeter
TO E DIT / E
TE
R
PU
KEITHLEY SourceMeter
7 DISPLAY 8 9 +/-
SH
TO E DIT / E
SH
SRC
4
MEAS
5
LIMIT
6
MODE
0
CURSOR RANGE AUTO

LOCAL
CONFIG
DIGITS SPEED
1 2
REL
3
FILTER
0000
POWER
LOAD
RUN
STORE RECALL
TRIG
MENU
EXIT
ENTER
OUTPUT ON/OFF
Model 2602, Model 2612, and Model 2636

SYSTEM SourceMeter
TO E DIT / E
TE
R
PU
KEITHLEY SourceMeter
CHANNEL A
7 DISPLAY 8 9 +/-
SH
CHANNEL B
CURSOR
SRC
4
MEAS
5
LIMIT
6
MODE
0
SRC
MEAS
LIMIT
MODE
RANGE AUTO RANGE
CONFIG
CHAN A
OUTPUT
DIGITS SPEED
1 2
REL
3
FILTER
0000
DIGITS SPEED
REL
LOCAL
FILTER
POWER
LOAD
RUN
STORE RECALL
TRIG
MENU
EXIT
ENTER
ON/OFF
NOTE The Models 2601, 2611, and 2635 have one SourceMeter channel (Channel A) and the Models 2602, 2612, and 2636 have two SourceMeter channels (Channel A and Channel B).
1.
Special keys and power switch:

DISPLAY CONFIG POWER Number keys Toggles between the various source-measure displays and the user message mode. Selects Models 2602/2612/2636 single or dual-channel display. Used to configure a function or operation. Power switch In position turns SourceMeter on (I), out position turns SourceMeter off (O). The Number Keys (0-9, +/-, 0000) allow direct numeric entry in the EDIT mode.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
TE TE
R R
PU PU
CHAN B
ON/OFF
SH
TO E DIT / E
1-3
2. Source-measure setup, performance control and special operation:

Top Row Source-measure setup Model 2601/2611/2635 and Model 2602/2612/2636: SRC MEAS LIMIT MODE Channel A Selects the source function (V or A) and places cursor in the source field for editing. Channel A Cycles through measure functions (V, A, or W). Channel A Places the cursor in the compliance limit field for editing. Channel A Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, or W).
Model 2602/2612/2636 only: SRC MEAS LIMIT MODE Channel B Selects the source function (V or A) and places cursor in the source field. Channel B Cycles through measure functions (V,A, or W). Channel B Places the cursor in the compliance limit field for editing. Channel B Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, or W).
Middle Row Source-measure setup Model 2601/2611/2635 and Model 2602/2612/2636: DIGITS SPEED REL FILTER Channel A Changes display resolution to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2 digits. Channel A Sets the measurement speed by controlling the A/D converter measurement aperture. Channel A Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be subtracted from a reading. Channel A Controls the digital filter, which can be used to reduce reading noise.
Model 2602/2612/2636 only: DIGITS SPEED REL FILTER Channel B Changes display resolution to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2 digits. Channel B Sets the measurement speed by controlling the A/D converter measurement aperture. Channel B Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be subtracted from a reading. Channel B Controls the digital filter, which can be used to reduce reading noise.
Bottom Row Source-measure setup LOAD RUN STORE RECALL TRIG MENU EXIT ENTER Loads factory or user-defined scripts for execution. Runs last selected factory or user-defined scripts. Stores readings, source values, and timestamp values in one of two internal buffers per channel for later recall. Recalls stored readings, source values, and timestamp values from either of the two buffers. Triggers readings. Accesses the Main Menu for saving and recalling setups, selecting remote interface, line frequency, self-tests, serial number and beeper control. Cancels selection, and backs out of menu structure. Used as a LOCAL key to take the unit out of remote. Accepts selection, moves to next choice or exits menu.
1-4
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
3. Range keys:
and AUTO Selects the next higher or lower source or measure range. Enables or disables source or measure auto range.
4. Output control and LED status indicator:

OUTPUT ON/OFF LED indicator Turns source output on or off. Turns on when output is on.
5. Rotary knob and CURSOR keys:

When in source edit, use CURSOR keys for cursor control and then turn the to change a source or compliance value. The can also be used to enable or disable the source edit mode. When in a menu, use the CURSOR keys or for menu item cursor control. When displaying a menu value, use the CURSOR keys for cursor control and turn the to change the value. Pressing the opens a menu item, or selects a menu option or value.
6. Display annunciators (not shown):

EDIT ERR REM TALK LSTN SRQ REL FILT AUTO ARM TRIG Unit is in the source editing mode. Questionable reading or invalid cal step. Unit in remote mode. Unit addressed to talk. Unit addressed to listen. Service request. Relative mode enabled. Analog filter or Averaging filter is enabled. Auto source or measure range selected. Unit armed and ready to run. External triggering selected.
* (asterisk) Readings being stored in buffer.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
1-5
Figure 1-2 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 rear panels
Model 2601/2611
UL
1
CHANNEL A
WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

! S CAT I LO LO G HI G G
S G HI
MADE IN U.S.A.
US
LISTED SourceMeter 4ZA4
DIGITAL I/O
!
RS-232
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
2 3
(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)
IEEE-488
TSP-Link
CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.
4 5 6 7 1
9 1
CHANNEL A
US
Model 2602/2612
C

UL
S G HI
S G HI
G G HI G S LO LO ! CAT I CHANNEL B
DIGITAL I/O
!
RS-232
MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
2 3
IEEE-488
TSP-Link
4 5 6 7
1-6
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Model 2601/2602 and Model 2611/2612 rear panels

1. CHANNEL A and CHANNEL B (Channel B on Model 2602/2612 only)
Input/output connections for source, sense, and guard.
2. DIGITAL I/O
Female DB-25 connector. Fourteen pins for digital input or output, one pin for Output Enable. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).
3. IEEE-488
Connector for IEEE-488 (GPIB) operation. Use a shielded cable, such as the Model 7007-1 or Model 7007-2.
4. Cooling exhaust vent

Exhaust vent for internal cooling fan. Keep vent free of obstructions to prevent overheating.
5. Chassis ground
Ground screw for connections to chassis ground.
6. Low noise chassis ground

Ground jack for connecting Output HI or LO to chassis.
7. RS-232
Female DB-9 connector. For RS-232 operation, use a straight-through (not null modem) DB-9 shielded cable for connection to the PC (Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5).
8. TSP-Link
Expansion interface that allows a Series 2600 and other TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Use a category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable (Keithley Instruments part number CA-180-3A).
9. Power module
Contains the AC line receptacle and power line fuse. The instrument can operate on line voltages of 100V to 240VAC at line frequencies of 50Hz or 60Hz. See Section 17 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for line fuse replacement instructions.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
1-7
Figure 1-3 Model 2635 and 2636 rear panels
Model 2635
SENSE LO LO HI
1
CHANNEL A
GUARD SENSE HI
MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE LINE RATING 100-240VAC SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
RS-232
50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
GUARD
2 3
DIGITAL I/O IEEE-488
SENSE HI
CHANNELA B LO
HI
SENSE LO
LO
R
TSP-Link
10 1 4
9 5 6
8 1
SENSE LO LO HI
Model 2636

CHANNEL A
GUARD GUARD SENSE HI SENSE HI
CHANNEL B
HI
LO
SENSE LO
LINE FUSE LINE RATING 100-240VAC SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
RS-232
50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
2 3
GUARD
DIGITAL I/O IEEE-488
SENSE HI
CHANNEL B LO AB LO
HI
SENSE LO
LO
R
TSP-Link
MADE IN U.S.A.
10
9 5 6
1-8
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Model 2635/2636 rear panels

1. CHANNEL A and CHANNEL B (Channel B on Model 2636 only)
Triax connectors for Input/output, guard, and sense connections. Use only low-noise triax cables such as the Keithley Model 7078-TRX (available in several lengths). Connector terminals and associated triax cable conductors are as follows:
Table 1-1 Connectors and triax cable conductors

Connector LO HI SENSE HI Triax cable Center conductor Sense LO Input/Output HI Sense HI Center conductor Inner ring Input/Output LO Guard Guard Inner shield Outer ring Chassis ground Chassis ground Chassis ground Outer shield
2. DIGITAL I/O
Female DB-25 connector. Fourteen pins for digital input or output, one pin for safety interlock. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).
3. IEEE-488
Connector for IEEE-488 (GPIB) operation. Use a shielded cable, such as the Model 7007-1 or Model 7007-2.
4. Cooling exhaust vent

Exhaust vent for internal cooling fan. Keep vent free of obstructions to prevent overheating.
5. Chassis ground
Ground screw for connections to chassis ground.
6. RS-232
Female DB-9 connector. For RS-232 operation, use a straight-through (not null modem) DB-9 shielded cable for connection to the PC (Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5).
7. TSP-Link
Expansion interface that allows a Series 2600 and other TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Use a category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable (Keithley Instruments part number CA-180-3A).
8. Power module
Contains the AC line receptacle and power line fuse. The instrument can operate on line voltages of 100V to 240VAC at line frequencies of 50Hz or 60Hz. See Section 17 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for line fuse replacement instructions.
9. Ground / LO (Triax connector)

Channel A and Channel B low noise chassis ground triax connectors. Use only low-noise triax cables such as the Keithley Model 7078-TRX. Connector terminals and associated triax cable connectors are as follows:
Table 1-2 Triax connector on ground module

Connector Center conductor Inner ring Outer ring
LO Triax cable
Output Lo Center conductor
Floating Chassis Ground Inner shield Outer shield
10. Ground / LO (Phoenix connector)
Channel A and Channel B Low noise chassis ground Phoenix connector.

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007 Return to Section Topics 1-9
What are the source-measure capabilities?

Reference See the specifications in Appendix A of this manual as well as Sections 4 and 8 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more detailed information.
Model 2601 and Model 2602

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2601 and 2602 are listed in Table 1-3. Table 1-3 Model 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities
Function Source DC voltage Source DC current Measure DC voltage Measure DC current Capabilities 1V to 40.4V 1pA to 3.03A1 1V to 40.8V 1pA to 3.06A1
1. 10A maximum available in pulse mode only.

Function Source DC voltage Source DC current Measure DC voltage Measure DC current Capabilities 1V to 202V 1pA to 1.515A1 1V to 204V 1pA to 1.53A1
1. 10A maximum available in pulse mode only.

Function Source DC voltage Source DC current Measure DC voltage Measure DC current Capabilities 1V to 202V 20fA to 1.515A 1V to 204V 1fA to 1.53A
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
How do I power-up the instrument?

Reference See Power-up in Section 1 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on line power.
Step 1: Connect to line power

CAUTION
Operating the instrument on an incorrect line voltage may cause damage to the instrument, possibly voiding the warranty.
1. 2.
Before plugging in the power cord, make sure that the front panel power switch is in the off (O) position. Connect the female end of the supplied power cord to the AC receptacle on the rear panel. Connect the other end of the power cord to a grounded AC outlet.
WARNING
Failure to use a grounded outlet may result in personal injury or death due to electric shock.
Step 2: Turn on power

Turn on the instrument by pressing the front panel power switch to the on (I) position. Assuming no errors occur, the Series 2600 will power-up as follows: After a few seconds with the OUTPUT indicators and display pixels on, the instrument model number and firmware revision levels are briefly displayed. The node and the GPIB address are displayed briefly as follows: KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx1 NODE = 1 GPIB = 26 The TSP-Link node and serial port parameters are displayed briefly: KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx2 NODE = 1 SERIAL = 9600,8,N,1,NONE
Step 3: Set line frequency

The Series 2600 will operate at line frequencies of either 50Hz or 60Hz. For best measurement noise performance, the unit should be configured to match the actual line frequency used by selecting MENU > LINE-FREQ > 50Hz, 60Hz, or AUTO. (When set to AUTO, the SourceMeter will automatically detect the power line frequency at power-up.)
1. Instrument will display actual model number: 2601, 2602, 2611, 2612, 2635, or 2636. 2. Instrument will display actual model number: 2601, 2602, 2611, 2612, 2635, or 2636.
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How do I make measurements?

Reference For more detailed information, see the following information in Section 4 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual: "Basic source-measure procedure" "Ohms measurements" "Power measurements"
The measurement procedure below demonstrates how to set up the Series 2600 to source 10V and measure current through a 10k resistor.
WARNING
Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard terminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, NEVER make or break connections to the Series 2600 while the output is on. Power off the equipment from the front panel or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the SourceMeter before handling cables connected to the outputs. Putting the equipment into standby does not guarantee the outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.
Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10k resistor to the SourceMeter Channel A HI and LO terminals as shown in Figure 1-4 on page 1-14 (Models 2601/2602/2611/2612) or Figure 1-5 on page 1-14 (Models 2635/2636). See Section 3 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete information.
Step 2: Select source and set source level

Perform the following steps to select the voltage source and set the source value to 10V: 1. Press Channel A SRC to select the V-Source as indicated by the V units in the source field on the display. The flashing cursor indicates which value is presently selected for editing. Press the up RANGE key, and select the 20V source range (Model 2611/2612/2635/2636) or 40V source range (Model 2601/2602). Use the lowest possible source range for best accuracy. Use the CURSOR keys to move the cursor to the 10s digit, then press the rotary knob to enter the EDIT mode (EDIT annunciator on). Using either the numeric keys or the rotary knob, set the source value to 10.0000V, then press ENTER or the rotary knob.
2.
3. 4.
Step 3: Set compliance limit

Perform the following steps to set the current compliance limit value to 10mA: 1. 2. 3. 4. Put the Model 2602/2612/2636 in the single-channel display mode with the DISPLAY key. Press the LIMIT key, then press ENTER or the rotary knob. Move the cursor to the 10s digit, then press the rotary knob to enter the EDIT mode. Using the numeric keys or the rotary knob, set the limit value to 10.000mA, then press ENTER or the rotary knob.
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Step 4: Select measurement function and range

1. 2. Put the Model 2602/2612/2636 in the single-channel display mode with the DISPLAY key, then select the current measurement function by pressing MEAS or MODE. Select the measurement range with the RANGE keys. For the purposes of this example, press AUTO RANGE, and note the AUTO annunciator turns on. The instrument will automatically select the best range based on the measured value. You can also use manual ranging by pressing the up or down RANGE key, but be sure to use the lowest possible range for best accuracy.
Step 5: Turn output on

Turn the output on by pressing the appropriate OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The ON/OFF indicator LED will turn on when the channel output is on.
NOTE The Models 2611, 2612, 2635, and 2636 are equipped with a safety interlock circuit that prevents operation on the 200V range if the circuit is not energized. This circuit is illustrated in Figure 1-5 on page 1-15. Refer to Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference manual for more information.
Step 6: Make measurements

1. Observe the readings on the display. (Press TRIG if necessary to trigger the unit to begin taking readings.) For the single-channel display mode, the readings will appear on the top line, while source and limit values are on the bottom line. For the 10k resistor under test, typical display values are: 1.00000mA
SrcA: +10.0000 VLimA:010.0000mA
2.
Use the DISPLAY key to cycle through the various display modes shown in Figure 1-6 on page 1-15. (The User State display messages are defined with specific display commands; see Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference manual.) Press the MEAS key several times to display measured voltage, resistance, and power. Typical values for the 10k resistor are: 10.0000V, 10.0000k, and 10.0000mW.
3.
Step 7: Turn output off

When finished making measurements, turn the output off by pressing the OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The OUTPUT indicator light will turn off.
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Figure 1-4 Model 2602/2612 Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack and Chassis Screw
Series 2600
Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack 1) Frequency Variable Resistor (FVR) Isolates the SMUs from high frequencies on the chassis. For DC to 60Hz, the FVR is a virtual short (zero ohms). 2) DO NOT use the Chassis Screw terminal to make signal connections to external circuitry. High frequency (>1MHz) on the chassis may result in higher noise at the output.
Chassis Screw 2
FVR 1
Signal Ground
Chassis Signal Ground Chassis Signal Ground is a local signal ground and defined as the Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack. Chassis is defined as the metal chassis of the Series 2600. Chassis Screw terminal is connected to the metal chassis of the Series 2600.
Model 2636
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure 1-5 Interlock circuit

Read by firmware INTERLOCK pin (on DIGITAL I/O connector) Coil resistance 145WW +/- 10% 10kW +220V supply -220V supply
Chassis ground
To output stage
Rear panel
Figure 1-6 Display modes
SrcA:+10.0000V SrcB:+000.000mV
1.00000mA
. V
Source-Measure display for SMU A and SMU B: Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W). Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level.
Press DISPLAY
key Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU A: Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W) Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level, and the compliance limit (A or V).
SrcA:+10.0000V LimA:10.0000mA
1.00000mA
Press DISPLAY
key Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU B: Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W) Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level, and the compliance limit (A or V).
SrcB:+000.000mV LimB:100.000mA
. V
Press DISPLAY
key
User State
Display for user-defined messages and prompts. Indicates that a measured reading has not been triggered.
Press DISPLAY
key
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How do I use the buffer?

Reference See Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more detailed information on using the buffer.
The SourceMeter has two buffers per channel that can store from 1 to more than 100,000 readings. Each buffer reading is numbered and can also include the source value and a timestamp. The following example shows how to store 100 readings, source values, and timestamps in Channel A, Buffer 1 and recall them from the front panel.
Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10k resistor to the Channel A HI and LO terminals (see Figure 1-4 on page 1-14).
Step 2: Set up source and measure functions

Using the procedure described in How do I make measurements? on page 1-12, set up source and measure functions: Source function: volts Source range: 20V (2611/2612/2635/2636) or 40V (2601/2602) Source value: 10V Measure function: current Measure range: auto
Step 3: Configure the buffer

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Press the CONFIG key followed by the STORE key. Choose COUNT, then set the number of readings to store to 100 using the , and press ENTER or the rotary knob. Select CHANA_BUFF, then press ENTER or the rotary knob to select Channel A. Choose DEST, then CHANA_BUFFER1, and press ENTER or the . Choose BUFFER1, then press ENTER or the rotary knob to set up Buffer 1. Select CLEAR, then YES to clear the buffer. Choose ELEMENTS, then enable (ON) both SRC-VAL (source value) and TSTAMP (timestamp) storage. Press EXIT several times to return to normal display.
Step 4: Turn on the output

Press the CHAN A (Model 2602/2612/2636) OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn on the source output.
Step 5: Store readings

1. 2. Press the STORE key to store readings. The asterisk (*) annunciator turns on to indicate data storage operation is enabled. Press EXIT to stop data storage before it finishes.
Step 6: Turn off the output

Press the OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn off the output after storage has completed.
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Step 7: Recall readings

1. Press the RECALL key to access buffer readings. (Repeatedly pressing RECALL will cycle through Buffer 1 then Buffer 2 for Channel A and then Channel B). A message will be displayed if a buffer is empty. Note the buffer display data (see Figure 1-7): The reading is on the top display at the left. The buffer location number is on the right. For example, location #000001 indicates that the displayed reading is stored at the first memory location. The source value is positioned at the lower left side of the display. The timestamp is positioned at the lower right side. The first source-measure reading stored in the buffer (#000001) is timestamped at 00000000.001 seconds. Subsequent readings are timestamped relative to when the time storage was started. The interval between readings will depend on the reading rate. To display the other readings stored in the buffer, choose the desired memory location number: Use the to increment and decrement the selected digit of the location number. Set the cursor position with the or CURSOR keys. To exit from the data store recall mode, press EXIT.
2.
3.
4.
Figure 1-7 Buffer display format

Reading Source Value (SrcA1= Chan. A, Buffer 1)
SrcA1:+10.0000 V
1.00000 mA
Use Knob
@00000000.001s
#0000001
Buffer Location Number Timestamp (seconds)
SrcA1:+10.0000 V
1.00000 mA
Use Knob
@00000000.002s
#0000002
Note: Source values and timestamps will be displayed only if enabled when buffer is configured.
SrcA1:+10.0000 V
1.00000 mA
Use Knob
@00000000.003s
#0000003
SrcA1:+10.0000 V
1.00000 mA
@00000000.004s
#0000004
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Section 2 Remote Operation

In this section:
Topic How do I use the remote interface?................................................. Connect to the interface ............................................................... Select the interface ....................................................................... Configure the interface ................................................................. How do I use Test Script Builder? ................................................... Run Test Script Builder ................................................................. Open and close an instrument resource ....................................... Save and clear console window ................................................... Select command and language reference views .......................... How do I use TSB to make measurements?................................... Reset instrument........................................................................... Select source function and set output value ................................. Set compliance value and measure range ................................... Turn on output............................................................................... Make a measurement ................................................................... Print the result............................................................................... Turn off output............................................................................... Page 2-2 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-6 2-7 2-7 2-7 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-9
How do I use other programs? 2-10 Using LabVIEW ............................................................................ 2-10 Using Visual Basic ........................................................................ 2-12
Section 2: Remote Operation
How do I use the remote interface?

Reference See Section 11 of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600 System SourceMeter Reference Manual for detailed information on communications interfaces.
Step 1: Connect to the interface

See Figure 1-2 on page 1-6 for the locations of the GPIB (IEEE-488) and RS-232 connectors, and make connections as follows: GPIB Use a shielded IEEE-488 cable such as the Keithley Instruments Model 7007 to connect the Series 2600 IEEE-488 connector to the GPIB connector on the computer (see Figure 2-1). RS-232 Use a shielded 9-pin RS-232 cable like the Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5 to connect the SourceMeter RS-232 connector to the serial port of the computer (see Figure 2-2).
Figure 2-1 GPIB cable
GPIB Cable
Side View
Connect one end of the cable to the host PC and the other end to the SourceMeter. Both cable connectors are identical.
Side View
Figure 2-2 RS-232 cable
Straight-through RS-232 Cable Male DB-9 Connector (connect to SourceMeter) Female DB-9 Connector (connect to PC)
Pin View
Pin View
Step 2: Select the interface

1. 2. 3. 4. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu. Select COMMUNICATION, then press ENTER. Select INTERFACE_SEL, then press ENTER. Choose GPIB for the IEEE-488 interface, RS-232 for the serial interface, or AUTO to have the instrument automatically select the interface.
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Step 3: Configure the interface

GPIB interface configuration
Set the primary address using the following procedure. The SourceMeters primary address must be the same as that specified in your program, or the two devices will not be able to communicate. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu. Select COMMUNICATION, then press ENTER. Select INTERFACE_CFG, then press ENTER. Choose GPIB, then press ENTER. Set the GPIB address (0 to 30), and press ENTER. Press EXIT to back out of the menu structure.
RS-232 interface configuration

Set RS-232 parameters as covered below. The Series 2600 RS-232 parameters must agree with those of the computer serial port, or the two devices will not be able communicate. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu. Select COMMUNICATION, then press ENTER. Select INTERFACE_CFG, then press ENTER. Choose RS-232, then press ENTER. Configure the RS-232 interface as follows: Set the BAUD rate: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 or 115200. Set BITS: 7 or 8. Set PARITY: NONE, ODD, or EVEN. Set the FLOW-CTRL: NONE or HARDWARE. 6. Press EXIT to back out of the menu structure.
How do I use Test Script Builder?

Reference See Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete details on using the Test Script Builder.
Step 1: Run Test Script Builder

Run the Test Script Builder program in the Keithley Instruments folder in the usual manner. The initial startup screen shown in Figure 2-3 on page 2-5 will be displayed. The main sections of the screen are briefly described below.
Menu Bar
Main menu items include: File Allows you to control projects and files. Edit Performs a number of editing functions on script files. Navigate Navigates through projects. Project Opens, closes, and builds projects. Run Runs scripts. Window Selects which window to display. Help Provides access to online help files.
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Project Navigator pane

The window pane on the left side is where the Project Navigator resides. The navigator consists of created project folders and the script files (.tsp) created for each project. Each project folder can have one or more script files.
Script Development pane

The script chunk is written in the upper window pane. It is in this area that scripts are written and/or modified. Notice that there is a tab available for each opened script file. A script project is then downloaded to the SourceMeter and run.
SourceMeter/Script Interaction pane

A number of tabs in the lower window pane provide additional interaction between the Test Script Builder, the SourceMeter and the opened script (the tabs displayed will depend on those selected in the menu). Key tabs include: Instrument Console The Instrument Console is used to send commands to the connected SourceMeter. Retrieved data (e.g., readings) from commands and scripts appear in the console. Problems When a script is saved, error checking is performed. If a script error is detected, an X will appear in the script at or near the corrupt line of code. The Problems tab in the lower window pane will open automatically and provide a description of the error. Tasks When writing a script, a double dash (--) is used to designate that the text that follows is a comment and not script code. When using the --TODO comment in a script, it will also appear in the Tasks tab, where additional information can be added. Command Help Provides online help to the Instrument Command Library (ICL). Language Help Provides online help to the TSL programming language.
Control icons
Control icons (shown in Figure 2-4 on page 2-6) include: 1. Open/Close Instrument resource if open. 2. Clear Console Window 3. Abort Execution 4. Reset output off. Opens instrument resource if closed. Closes instrument Clears instrument console window.
Halts execution of commands or scripts.
Aborts whatever the unit is doing and resets everything to the default state with the Sends a software trigger to take readings.
5. Send Software Trigger
6. Delete a Script From NVRAM Brings up a window that lists the scripts stored in the units non-volatile memory, and allows you to remove scripts. 7. Menu Accesses the console menu. Minimizes or maximizes the console window. 8. Minimize/Maximize
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure 2-3 Test Script Builder initial startup screen
Menu Bar
Script Development Pane
Navigator Pane
SourceMeter/Script Interaction Pane
Control Icons
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
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Figure 2-4 Instrument console control icons

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step 2: Open and close an instrument resource

Before you can send commands or run scripts to control the SourceMeter, you must first open the instrument resource as follows: 1. 2. Click on the Open Instrument icon (see Figure 2-4). Choose the desired instrument from the dialog box (see Figure 2-5) drop-down menu to select a communications resource: GPIB At the factory, the GPIB address for the SourceMeter is set to 26. If using the GPIB interface board 0 and address 26, the resource setting should be GPIB0::26::INSTR. Resource settings for other GPIB board numbers and primary addresses are available from the dialog box. RS-232 Typically, the COM1 serial port of the PC is used for RS-232 communications. For COM1, use the ASRL1::INSTR resource setting. Resource settings for other COM ports are available from the dialog box. If you select the Simulate option, the Instrument Console will become active even though there will be no actual communication with the SourceMeter. You can simulate running a script or sending a command, but the SourceMeter will not respond. To close the resource, click on the Instrument icon again. The resource will close, and the console window will become inactive.
3.
4.
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure 2-5 Select Instrument Resource dialog box
Step 3: Save and clear console window

You can save and clear the console window as follows: Save console Click on the Menu arrow (Figure 2-3), choose Save Console, then choose the folder and filename desired. Clear console Click on the Clear Console icon (Figure 2-3) to clear the console window.
Step 4: Select command and language reference views

You can access online help for the ICL (Instrument Control Library) and TSL (Test Script Language) as follows: ICL: Click on the Command Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize icon. You can then quickly get information on all commands in the library. TSL: Click on the Language Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize icon to quickly access details on the script language.
How do I use TSB to make measurements?

Reference See Remote source-measure procedure in Section 4 and Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on instrument commands.
The following procedure uses the TSB Instrument Console to send commands to source voltage and measure current on Channel A using a 10k resistor as the DUT. The complete command sequence as it would appear in the console window is shown in Figure 2-6 on page 2-9 along with instrument responses. The procedure assumes the DUT (10k resistor) is already connected to the SourceMeter (Figure 1-4 on page 1-14), and that the instrument resource has already been opened (Open and close an instrument resource on page 2-6).
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WARNING
Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard terminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, NEVER make or break connections to the Series 2600 while the output is on. Power off the equipment from the front panel or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the SourceMeter before handling cables connected to the outputs. Putting the equipment into standby does not guarantee the outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.
Step 1: Reset instrument

A good practice is to reset the instrument to its default settings before the start of a test. To reset the SourceMeter, type the following command into the console window, then press the Return key: reset() For a Model 2602, 2612, or 2636 you can restore defaults of Channel A or Channel B respectively as follows: smua.reset() smub.reset()
Step 2: Select source function and set output value

Enter the following commands to select the source voltage function, set the source range to 20V (Model 2611/2612/2635/2636) or 40V Model 2601/2602), and set the source value to 10V: smua.source.func = smua.source.rangev smua.source.rangev smua.source.levelv smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS = 40 (Use for Model 2601/2602) = 20 (Use for Model 2611/2612/2635/2636) = 10
Step 3: Set compliance value and measure range

Enter the following commands to set the compliance limit and measure range to 10mA: smua.source.limiti = 10e-3 smua.measure.rangei = 10e-3
Step 4: Turn on output

Send the following command to turn on the output: smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_ON
Step 5: Make a measurement

Enter the following command to take a current measurement: reading = smua.measure.i()
Step 6: Print the result

Print the result in the console window with the following command: print(reading)
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Note that the reading response will appear in the console window (Figure 2-6). Alternatively, you can also take and print readings by including the appropriate measure command as the argument in the print command. For example, the following commands will take and print ohms and power readings respectively: print(smua.measure.r()) print(smua.measure.p()) Again, readings will be displayed in the console window.
Step 7: Turn off output

Send the following command to turn off the output when measurements are complete: smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_OFF Figure 2-6 Source-measure command sequence in console window (2601/2602 version shown)
Reset SourceMeter Select volts function Set source range to 40V Set source level to 10V Set current limit to 10mA Set measure range to 10mA Turn on output Take current reading Print current reading Instrument response Print resistance reading Instrument response Print power reading Instrument response Turn off output
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How do I use other programs?

Reference See the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details on using those programs.
Basic source-measure examples using LabVIEW and Visual Basic are shown below. See also Section 3 for more examples to load and run scripts.
Using LabVIEW
The source-measure example using LabVIEW is shown in Figure 2-7. The test steps are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Reset instrument. Select source voltage function. Set source output voltage. Turn on output. Take current measurement. Reset instrument.
The command sequence for this source-measure example is shown below:

reset() smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.levelv = volts smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON print(smua.measurei()) reset() localnode.prompts = 0 Disable prompts. Reset Series 2600. Select voltage source function. Set voltage source level. Turn on source output. Take and return current reading. Reset Series 2600.
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Figure 2-7 LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram
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Using Visual Basic

User interface
The GUI (graphical user interface) shown in Figure 2-8 was created to demonstrate how to control a Keithley Instruments Series 2600 SourceMeter using Visual Basic 6.0. Source code for this example program can be downloaded from the Keithley Instruments internet site, www.keithley.com. Figure 2-8 Visual Basic example user interface
Using the Series 2600 as a traditional GPIB instrument

The following pseudocode describes how the Series 2600 will be configured and controlled to source voltage and measure current for this example. Some of the settings are default values restored by resetting the instrument, but they are included to show a typical setup and measure sequence that might be used for such a test. 1. 2. 3. 4. Reset SourceMeter to default settings. Set display to show SMU A source and limit settings. Set display to show current measurement. Set source function to DCV.
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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Enable source autorange. Set source level to 5V. Set current compliance to 100mA. Set current measurement range to 100mA. Set integration time to 1PLC. Turn on SMU A output. Measure the current and put reading in instrument output queue. This step is similar to using a SCPI READ? query to take a single reading. Turn off SMU A output.
Command sequence The commands that implement the pseudocode are listed below. The syntax for the send and enter commands is for a Keithley Instruments GPIB card. To use a Keithley Instruments GPIB card in Visual Basic, you must include the ieeevb.bas module in your project. This module is included on the CD that comes with your GPIB card. When you click the Run with GPIB button on the GUI, the commands are sent to the Series 2600 and executed. The single reading returned by these commands is displayed in the Data text box as shown in Figure 2-9 on page 2-14. NOTE Addr% is the GPIB address of the instrument and is assigned the value of 26.
Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 0", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "reset()", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.screen = display.SMUA", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.levelv = 5", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.limiti = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.rangei = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.nplc = 1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "print(smua.measure.i())", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF", intStatus) Call enter(strBuffer, 256, intNbytes, Addr%, intStatus) txtData.Text = strBuffer
Using VISA
Clicking on the Run with VISA button will send the same commands to the Series 2600 using National Instruments (NI) VISA. The VISA resource is for an instrument at address 26 connected to GPIB interface #1. Once again, a Keithley Instruments GPIB card was used for this example. However, VISA allows the same code to be used with GPIB cards made by other manufacturers, or with altogether different interfaces such as the RS-232 or the Ethernet.
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Figure 2-9 Example program test results
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Section 3 Test Script Processor Interaction

In this section:
Topic Page
What is a script? ............................................................................... 3-2 Factory scripts .............................................................................. 3-2 User scripts................................................................................... 3-2 How do I run a script from the front panel? ................................... 3-2 How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? ............. Running a factory script ................................................................ Modifying a factory script .............................................................. Running the user script................................................................. Deleting a user script and user tests ............................................ 3-3 3-3 3-5 3-10 3-11
How do I use other programs? ........................................................ 3-11 Using LabVIEW ............................................................................ 3-11 Using Visual Basic ........................................................................ 3-13
Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction
What is a script?
Reference See Programming overview in Section 2 of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Reference Manual for more information on script fundamentals.
A script is a collection of instrument control commands and programming statements to perform one or more operations or tasks. A script is stored in a Series 2600 and is run by its Test Script Processor (TSP).
Factory scripts
The Series 2600 is shipped from the factory with at least one factory script stored in its nonvolatile memory. Each factory script is made up of a series of functions to perform specific tests. A factory script function can be called (run) from the front panel or called using remote programming. A factory script cannot be deleted from non-volatile memory.
User scripts
A user script is a script created by a user using the Test Script Builder or an external program. The user script is loaded in the Series 2600 and stored in volatile or non-volatile memory. If stored in non-volatile memory, the script will not be lost when the instrument is turned off. Keithley Instruments will be posting approved user scripts donated by registered users on its web site. You will be able to download these user scripts into your Series 2600. Visit www.keithley.com for details.
How do I run a script from the front panel?

Reference See Factory scripts and User Scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on running scripts.
From the front panel, all factory script functions are interactive. That is, when the test is started, the operator will be prompted to enter test parameters. A user script may, or may not be interactive. A non-interactive script requires no operator input and will run to completion when it is started. NOTE If the Series 2600 is in remote operation, press the LOCAL key to return control to the front panel. 1. Press the LOAD key to display the LOAD TEST menu. 2. Position the blinking cursor on the FACTORY or USER menu item and press ENTER (or the Rotary Knob). Keep in mind that the Series 2600 is shipped with no user scripts loaded. 3. Position the blinking cursor on the test to be run, and then press ENTER. 4. Press the RUN key to start the test. 5. Enter required test parameters using the front panel controls. Reading the buffer Test data is stored in a buffer. See How do I use the buffer? on page 1-16 for details on recalling test data.
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How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?

Reference See Using the Test Script Builder in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on the Test Script Builder.
The following function for factory script KIGeneral is stored in the non-volatile memory of the Series 2600:
PulseVMeasureI(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points)
The above function performs a specified number of pulse V, measure I cycles: Sets the smu to output bias volts and dwell for ton seconds. Sets the smu to output level volts and dwell for ton seconds. Performs current measurement with the source at level volts. Sets the smu to output bias volts for toff seconds. Repeats the above sequence for points pulse-measure cycles. Figure 3-1 shows one pulse-measure cycle for the function. Figure 3-1 Pulse-measure cycle for the PulseVMeasureI function
level bias ton ton
Current measurement
bias toff
Running a factory script

Reference See Factory scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on running factory scripts.
NOTE All commands to run a factory script are to be executed from the Instrument Console of the Test Script Builder. The following steps explain how to run the PulseVMeasureI function and read the data stored in the buffer. NOTE The KIGeneral factory script is an autorun script. The script runs automatically when the Series 2600 is turned on. The functions of the script are ready to be called.
Step 1: Call the function

The following are example parameters for the PulseVMeasureI function which will perform three pulse voltage, measure current cycles: smu SMU A bias -1V level 1V ton 1ms toff 2ms points 3 The following command will execute the PulseVMeasureI function using the above parameters: PulseVMeasureI(smua, -1, 1, 1E-3, 2E-3, 3)
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Step 2: Read the buffer

Reference See in Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more details on the reading buffers.
The above function stores the three current measurements in the reading buffer (smua.nvbuffer1). Also stored in the buffer are the voltage source settings and timestamps for the measurements. The timestamps (in seconds) are referenced to the start of the test. The timer for the timestamps starts at zero seconds when the test is started. The printbuffer function is used to print (output) measured readings, timestamps and/or source values stored in the buffers. Print readings The following code will return the three measured current readings stored in nvbuffer1:
rb1 = smua.nvbuffer1 printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1)
Example output: 1.234567e-03, 2.362360e-03, 2.362368e-03 For the above printbuffer function, 1 is the starting index for values to print, rb1.n is the ending index (for this function, n = 3), and rb1 is the reading buffer (smua.nvbuffer1). Print timestamps The following command will print the timestamps for the three measured current readings:
printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.timestamps)
Example output: 5.555555e-02, 8.888888e-02, 1.111111e-01 Print source values The following command will print the voltage source values for the three measured current readings:
printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.sourcevalues)
Output: 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00 Print readings, timestamps and source values The following command will return the three sets of data (nine values) in the same message:
printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1, rb1.timestamps, rb1.sourcevalues)
Example output: 1.234567e-03, 5.555555e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362360e-03, 8.888888e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362368e-03, 1.111111e-01, 1.000000e+00 The above output is returned in the following order: reading1, timestamp1, sourcevalue1, reading2, timestamp2, sourcevalue2, reading3, timestamp3, sourcevalue3
Calling a function without parameters

When the command to call a script function is sent without parameters, input value fields and messages will appear on the display to prompt the operator to input the parameters using the front panel controls. The following command will call the SourceVMeasureI function and then require operator interaction:
PulseVMeasureI()
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After sending the above command, the Series 2600 display will prompt the operator to input the following parameters from the front panel: Enter BIAS voltage. Enter PULSE (level) voltage. Enter pulse ON time. Enter pulse OFF time. Enter number of pulses (points).
After the operator keys in each parameter and presses the ENTER key (or the Rotary Knob), the display will proceed to the next input prompt. After the last parameter (number of pulses) is entered, the test will continue. The following message will be displayed when the test is finished:
PulseVMeasureI
Test complete.
Modifying a factory script

Reference See Factory scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on modifying a factory script.
A factory script can be imported from the Series 2600 into the Test Script Builder where it can be modified. The modified script can then be loaded back into the Series 2600 and saved as a user script. The following procedure will import the KIGeneral factory script into the Test Script Builder, modify code for the SourceVMeasureI function, load the script in the Series 2600 as a user script under a different name, and then configure the test to call the SourceVMeasureI function.
Step 1: Importing a factory script project

A factory script project is made of many executable functions. The SourceVMeasureI function is one of the functions that make up the KIGeneral factory script that is stored in the Series 2600. Figure 3-2 shows how to import the KIGeneral factory script project from the Series 2600 into the Test Script Builder. After importing the script, the project will appear as a folder in the Project Navigator with a script file named main.tst (see Figure 3-3).
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Figure 3-2 Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600
A) Click File to display the drop-down file menu and click Import to open the Import wizard. B) In the Import Select box, click Existing Project From Instrument and then click Next. C) Import Open/Close instrument box With communications to the Series 2600 open, click Next.
If communications are not open, use the drop-down menu to select a resource and click Open
D) In the Import Project From Instrument box, click the KIGeneral project, and then cllick Finish.
KIGeneral
KIGeneral
Step 2: Modifying the test code for the SourceVMeasureI function

As shown in Figure 3-3, the test code for the script functions is contained in the tab for the main.tsp script file. The test code for all of the functions of the KIGeneral factory script are in this tab. Use the scroll buttons on the right side of the tab to view more code. Editing example The following line of code in the main.tsp script file applies to the SourceVMeasureI function:
92bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter BIAS Voltage.", 0, 40, 40)
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The above command defines a display input field and message prompt for entering the bias voltage. The -40 parameter sets the minimum voltage that can be entered, and the 40 parameter sets the maximum voltage that can be entered. Now assume you wish to change the bias input limits to 10V. Edit the line of code to the following:
92bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter BIAS Voltage.", 0, 10, 10)
Saving the script After modifying the script file, it must be saved by clicking the save icon on the toolbar of the Test Script Builder as follows:
Click to save the main.tsp script file
Figure 3-3 KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder
Test Code Project Navigator
Step 3: Storing the script in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600

Reference See User scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on storing user scripts in non-volatile memory.
After modifying a factory script, it can be loaded back into the Series 2600 and saved in nonvolatile memory as a user script.
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1. The Run configuration box is used to launch (load) a user script into the Series 2600 and save it in non-volatile memory. As shown below, open the Run box and then click Run in the dropdown menu:
Click Run and then click Run in the drop-down menu.
NOTE Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 show how the Run box will look after the launch is configured. 2. In the Configurations area of the Run box, select the KIGeneral script. The launch configuration tabs for that script will appear in the Run box. 3. Presently, the Name of the script is KIGeneral. You should change the name so the script is not confused with the factory script of the same name that resides in the Series 2600. Change the script Name to KIGeneralUser and click the Apply button. 4. As shown in Figure 3-4, the main.tsp file must be in the Load Order area of the Run box. If it is in the Available Project Files area, double-click main.tsp to move the file over. 5. Click the Script Attributes tab to display the load and store options and select the LoadOnly run action and Non-volatile storage as shown in Figure 3-5. 6. Click the Apply button to set the run configuration. 7. Click the Run key to load the user script into non-volatile memory of the Series 2600. NOTE There is small bar graph at the bottom-right of the Test Script Builder that will appear while a script is loading. The bar graph will continuously sequence through its segments while the script is loading.
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Figure 3-4 Run configuration example - Main tab shown
Changing the script Name from KIGeneral to KIGeneralUser also changes the name in the Configurations area.
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Figure 3-5 Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab shown
Running the user script

Reference See User scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on running a user script.
Remote programming
The functions for the KIGeneralUser user script can be called after the script is run as follows:
KIGeneralUser()
After the above command is executed, any of the functions that make up the user script can be called in the same manner that factory script functions are called (see Step 1: Call the function on page 3-3).
Front panel operation

To run the script from the front panel, a test name has to be added to the USER TESTS submenu of the LOAD TEST menu. Since the KIGeneralUser script is made up of eight functions, a front panel user test must run the script and also call a function. The following command will add the test name PulseVMeasI to the menu. It will also configure the test to run the KIGeneralUser script and call the PulseVMeasureI function:
display.loadmenu.add("PulseVMeasI", "KIGeneralUser() PulseVMeasureI()", display.SAVE)
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Since no parameters are used in the function (PulseVMeasureI()), the test will be interactive and require the operator to input the test parameters using the front panel controls. See How do I run a script from the front panel? on page 3-2 for details on running a user script from the front panel. The command display.loadmenu.add can be used to configure front panel user tests for the other functions of the script. Make sure to use a different menu name for each function. For example, the following command will add the name PulseIMeasV for a test to call the PulseIMeasureV function.
display.loadmenu.add("PulseIMeasV", "KIGeneralUser() PulseIMeasureV()", display.SAVE)
Reference
See Load test menu in Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on the display.loadmenu.add function.
Deleting a user script and user tests

Deleting a user script
A user script can be deleted from non-volatile memory of the Series 2600. The following command will delete the KIGeneralUser user script:
script.delete("KIGeneralUser")
Deleting a user test

After deleting a script, you should also delete the test from the USER TESTS menu since it no longer exists. The following command deletes the PulseVMeasI test from the menu:
display.loadmenu.delete("PulseVMeasI")
Reference
See User scripts in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on deleting a user script. See Load test menu in Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on deleting user tests from the front panel USER TESTS menu.
How do I use other programs?

Reference See the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details on using those programs.
Using LabVIEW
Source step example
The source step example is shown in Figure 3-6. The example steps the source voltage from 1V to 10V in 1V steps, measures the current at each step, and stores the result in a table. Once all steps are completed, the stored table current values are printed.
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The Series 2600 command sequence:

localnode.prompts = 0 data_table = {} reset() smua.source.output = 1 for i=1,10 do smua.source.levelv = i mi = smua.measure.i() table.insert(data_table,mi) end smua.source.output = 0 print(table.concat(data_table,,)) reset() -- Disable prompts. -- Clear table. -- Reset Series 2600. -- Turn on source output. -- Loop for 10 steps. -- Set source level. -- Take a current measurement. -- Store measurement in table. -- End of loop. -- Turn off output. -- Print table of current values. -- Reset instrument.
Figure 3-6 LabVIEW source step example
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Using Visual Basic

NOTE The form file (UserManualExample.frm) can be opened using any text editor to view the code executed by the various command buttons. The following examples look at how you can download and run Model 2600 Series scripts using Visual Basic. Two scripts were created for these examples. Both scripts are based on the pseudocode and instrument commands presented in Section 2 on using the Series 2600 as a traditional GPIB instrument while they perform multiple measurements. Source code for this example program can be downloaded from the Keithley Instruments internet site, www.keithley.com.
Example script 1 script that does not use functions

The following script is in the file named MeasCurrScript.tsp. Note that the actual script contains additional comments, which have not been included here. Comments are identified by double dashes (--).
reset() display.screen = display.SMUA display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smua.source.levelv = 5 smua.source.limiti = 0.1 smua.measure.rangei = 0.1 smua.measure.nplc = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON ntimes = 10 for i = 1, ntimes do -- Perform following command(s) ntimes. print(smua.measure.i()) -- Measure current and put reading in output queue. end --for smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF
The primary code that reads the file and downloads the script to the Series 2600 is listed below. This code is executed when you select the Load Non-Function Script option, and then click the Load Script (GPIB) command button. Although not required, TSP prompts are enabled for this example because they provide useful test script processor status information when loading and running scripts. See the Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information about using prompts. As the script is being downloaded, it is displayed in the Script text box of the GUI (Graphical User Interface), as shown in Figure 3-7.
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Call send(Addr%, "localnode.showerrors = 0", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 1", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrScript.tsp" For Input As #1 Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrScript", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()
--Disable automatic display of errors - leave error messages in queue and enable Error Prompt. The localnode is unit being communicated with via GPIB or RS-232. --Turn on prompts; need to start handling the prompts as soon as this command is sent. --Open the script file for sequential input. --loadscript identifies the beginning of the script. MeasCurrScript is the name assigned to the script. --Read the file. --Loop until the end of the script file.
Do While Not EOF(1)
Line Input #1, strScriptline --Read a line from the script file. Call send(Addr%, strScriptline, intStatus) --Send script line to Series 2600.
'
strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() strReturnMessage = Left(strReturnMessage, 4)
Select Case strReturnMessage Case ">>>>" Case "TSP>"
--Continuation prompt. TSP received script line successfully; waiting for next line. --Ready prompt. TSP received script successfully; ready for next command. --Error prompt. Error occurred; handle as desired. Use errorqueue commands to read and clear errors. --No prompt received. Response other than shell prompt was received; handle as desired.
Exit Do Case "TSP?"
Case Else
End Select Loop --Close the script file. Close #1 Call send(Addr%, "endscript", intStatus) --Tell TSP complete script has been downloaded. strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = --Disable prompts. 0", intStatus)
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Figure 3-7 GUI after loading the non-function script (GPIB)
The primary code that runs the script and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. This code is executed when you click the Run Script (GPIB) command button. When you run this script it will perform ten measurements and send the readings to the PC. The results are displayed in the Data text box of the GUI as shown in Figure 3-8. TSP prompts are enabled prior to running the script.
Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurrScript.run()", intStatus) --The following command runs the
command:
Do strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred" Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf End If
MeasCurrScript() form of the
script; you can also use
--Get output from script.
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Figure 3-8 GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB)
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Example script 2 script that uses functions

The script used in this example is in the file named MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp. This script is downloaded to the Series 2600 by selecting the Load Function Script option, and then clicking the Load Script (GPIB) command button. The script is downloaded exactly as shown in the previous example, except the open file and loadscript commands reflect the different script name as shown below.
Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp" For Input As #1 Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrFunctionScript", intStatus)
The other difference is in the script itself, which is listed below. This script does not perform multiple current measurements, but rather it creates a function named MeasCurr, which performs one or more current measurements when it is called. The number of measurements depends on the value of ntimes, which is passed to the function when it is called. Figure 3-9 shows the GUI (Graphical User Interface) after loading and running the script. Note that the Data text box does not contain any readings as in the previous example; it simply indicates that the MeasCurr(ntimes) function has been created.
function MeasCurr(ntimes) local l_i -- Local counter variable reset() display.screen = display.SMUA display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smua.source.levelv = 5 smua.source.limiti = 0.1 smua.measure.rangei = 0.1 smua.measure.nplc = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON for l_i = 1, ntimes do print(smua.measure.i()) end --for smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF end --function print("Function 'MeasCurr(ntimes)' created")
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Figure 3-9 GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB)
The primary code that calls the function and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. TSP prompts are enabled prior to calling the function. This code is executed when you click the Call Function (GPIB) command button. In this example, the function performs ten current measurements and sends the readings to the PC because ntimes is set to 10 when the function is called. The results are displayed in the Data text box as shown in Figure 3-10. Note that it would be just as easy to take one or 100 readings simply by calling the function with a different value for ntimes, e.g. MeasCurr(100). You can pass parameters to a function, but not to a script. However, you must initially run a script to create a function. See the Series 2600 Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information about scripts and functions.
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Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurr(10)", intStatus) Do
--Call function with ntimes=10 and then enter data. --Get output from function.
strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred" Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf End If
--Take appropriate action based on error message.
Figure 3-10 GUI after calling the function (GPIB)
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Section 4 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)
In this section:
Topic How do I set up the TSP-Link system? ............................................ Connect the TSP-Link system ....................................................... Assign node numbers.................................................................... Reset the TSP-Link ....................................................................... Check the state of the TSP-Link system ....................................... How do I use the expanded system? ............................................... Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes....................................... Using node[N]................................................................................ Using the alias (localnode) ............................................................ Running scripts in a TSP-Link system........................................... Page 4-2 4-2 4-2 4-3 4-3 4-4 4-4 4-4 4-4 4-4
Section 4: Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)
How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

Up to 16 TSP-Link-enabled instruments (e.g., Series 2600 System SourceMeters) can be connected together to form a TSP-Link system.
Step 1: Connect the TSP-Link system

Reference See Connections in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on TSP-Link connections.
A connection example for an expanded system is shown in Figure 4-1. All the TSP-Link-enabled instruments in the system are daisy-chained together using LAN crossover cables. In this example, the unit connected to the PC is the Master and the other units are its Slaves. Note that the Master does not have be assigned as Node 1, nor does it have to be at the end of the node chain. Figure 4-1 TSP-Link connections
Node 1
CHANNEL A
C
Node 2
CHANNEL A S G HI
S G HI G G HI G S LO LO ! CAT I CHANNEL B
C US
Node 3
CHANNEL A S G HI
C US
Node 16
CHANNEL A S G HI
C US
UL
UL
UL
UL
US
S G HI
S G HI
G G HI G S LO LO ! CAT I CHANNEL B
DIGITAL I/O RS-232

MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
DIGITAL I/O RS-232

MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
DIGITAL I/O RS-232

MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
DIGITAL I/O RS-232

MADE IN U.S.A.
LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V
LINE RATING
100-240VAC 50, 60Hz 240VA MAX.
IEEE-488
IEEE-488
IEEE-488
IEEE-488
TSPlink
TSPlink
TSPlink
TSPlink
TSP-Link connectors (2 per instrument)
LAN crossover cables Type: Category 5e or higher. Length: 3 meters maximum between nodes.
RS-232 or GPIB
Host PC
NOTE
The PC is not needed for stand-alone systems.
Step 2: Assign node numbers

Reference See Initialization in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on assigning node numbers.
Each instrument in the TSP-Link system must have a unique node number assigned to it. The node number for each instrument is stored in its non-volatile memory and will not be lost when the instrument is turned off. The TSP-Link node number is set from the MAIN MENU of each instrument and is summarized in Table 4-1.
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Table 4-1 Assigning a node number to an instrument from the front panel
Series 2600 MAIN MENU 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU. Select COMMUNICATION menu. Select TSPLINK_CFG menu. Select NODE menu. Set the NODE number (01 to 16) for the instrument.
For remote programming, the tsplink.node attribute is used to set the node number for an instrument:
tsplink.node = N
where: N = 1 to 16 The node number of an instrument can be determined by reading the tsplink.node attribute as follows:
nodenumber = tsplink.node print(nodenumber)
The above print command will return the node number. For example, if the node number is 1, the value 1.000000e00 will be returned.
Step 3: Reset the TSP-Link

Reference See Initialization in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on resetting the TSP-Link.
After all the node numbers are set, you must reset (initialize) the TSP-Link interface system. For initialization to succeed, all units must be powered on when the TSP-Link reset is performed. The TSP-Link reset can be performed from the MAIN MENU of any instrument in the system; this process is summarized in Table 4-2. Table 4-2 Resetting the TSP-Link from the front panel
Series 2600 MAIN MENU 1) 2) 3) 4) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU. Select COMMUNICATION menu. Select TSPLINK-CFG menu. Select RESET to initialize the TSP-Link.
For remote programming, the following command initializes the TSP-Link:

tsplink.reset()
Step 4: Check the state of the TSP-Link system

Reference See Initialization in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on checking the state of the TSP-Link.
The tsplink.state read-only attribute is used to determine whether or not the TSP-Link reset routine was completed successfully. The returned value online indicates that the reset was successful for all instruments (nodes) in the system. The value offline indicates that the reset has failed. A few typical reasons for a reset failure include the following: Two or more instruments in the system have the same node number.
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There are no other instruments connected to the unit performing the reset. One of the units in a properly connected system isn't powered on.
Programming example After assigning node numbers to the instruments in the system, the following command checks the state of the TSP-Link:
print(tsplink.state)
If the reset is successful, online will be the output to indicate that communication to all nodes is established.
How do I use the expanded system?

Reference See Using the expanded system in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information on using the system.
Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes

After a successful TSP-Link reset, the node and localnode variables can be used to access resources of any node in the system.
Using node[N]
The node[N] variable (where N = 1 to 16) is used to send a command to any node in the system. The node can be the Master or a Slave. Examples:
node[4].smua.reset() node[1].smua.reset()
-- Resets SMU A of Node 4. -- Resets SMU A of Node 1.
Using the alias (localnode)

The variable localnode is an alias for node[N], where N is the node number of the Master. For example, assume that Node 1 is the Master in a TSP-Link system. To send a command to Node 1, you can use node[1] or localnode as follows:
node[1].smua.reset() localnode.smua.reset()
-- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1). -- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1).
Running scripts in a TSP-Link system

For remote programming, only a script stored in the Master can be run. Scripts in the Slaves cannot be accessed. See How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? on page 3-3. For front panel operation, a script in any node can be run from its front panel. For details, see How do I run a script from the front panel? on page 3-2.
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2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Appendix A Specifications
In this appendix:
Topic Models 2601/2602 System SourceMeter Specifications Models 2611/2612 System SourceMeter Specifications Model 2635/2636 System SourceMeter Specifications Series 2600 System SourceMeter Specifications
Models 2601/2602
Keithley Instruments, Inc. 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com
System SourceMeter Specifications
1. SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS
This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Keithley Instruments Models 2601 and 2602 System SourceMeters. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2601 and 2602 are tested. Upon leaving the factory, the Models 2601 and 2602 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23C, and are provided solely as useful information. The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (2601 and 2602) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (2602) terminals under the following conditions: 1. 23C 5C, <70% relative humidity. 2. After two-hour warm-up. 3. Speed normal (1 NPLC). 4. A/D auto-zero enabled. 5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local operation. 6. Calibration period: one year.
2. SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS
Voltage Programming Accuracy1 Range 100.000mV 1.00000V 6.00000V 40.0000V Programming resolution 5V 50V 50V 500V Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ volts) 0.02% + 250V 0.02% + 400V 0.02% + 1.8mV 0.02% + 12mV Typical noise (peak-peak) 0.1Hz-10Hz 20V 50V 100V 500V
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:2 40.4W per channel maximum. 40.4V at 1.0A, 6.06V at 3.0A, four-quadrant source or sink operation. Voltage regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: (0.01% of range + 100V). Noise 10Hz20MHz (peak-peak): 25mV typical into a resistive load. Current limit/compliance:3 Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10nA. Accuracy same as current source. Overshoot: <(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current limit/compliance). Guard offset voltage: <10mV typical (Iout 100mA).
1 Add 50V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 2 Full power source operation regardless of load to 30C ambient. Above 30C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8, Operating boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information. 3 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy specifications. For 1A range, add an additional 40mA of uncertainty. Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. C / Sep 2007
Page 1 of 7
Models 2601/2602
Current Programming Accuracy Range 100.000nA 1.00000A 10.0000A 100.000A 1.00000mA 10.0000mA 100.000mA 1.00000A 3.00000A Programming resolution 1pA 10pA 100pA 1nA 10nA 100nA 1A 10A 10A Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+amps) 0.06% + 100pA 0.03% + 600pA 0.03% + 2nA 0.03% + 30nA 0.03% + 200nA 0.03% + 3A 0.03% + 20A 0.05% + 900A 0.06% + 1.5mA Typical noise (peak-peak) 0.1Hz-10Hz 5pA 25pA 60pA 3nA 6nA 200nA 600nA 70A 150A
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:2 40.4W per channel maximum. 1.01A at 40.0V, 3.03A at 6.0V, four quadrant source or sink operation. Current regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: (0.01% of range + 100pA). Voltage limit/compliance:4 Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value. Minimum value is 10mV. Accuracy same as voltage source. Overshoot: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see Current source output settling time for additional test conditions).
+3A
+1A -40V -6V +6V +40V
-1A DC -3A
Models 2601 and 2602 I-V capability
4 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source specification. For 100mV range, add an additional 60mV of uncertainty.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 2 of 7
SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. C / Sep 2007
Models 2601/2602
Additional Source Specifications Transient response time: <70s for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step change in load. Voltage source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value, when changing from 10% to 90% of range, after source level command is processed on a fixed range. 100mV, 1V ranges: <50s typical. 6V Range: <100s typical. 40V Range: <150s typical.5 Current source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value, when changing from 10% to 90% of range, after source level command is processed on a fixed range. Values below for Iout Rload = 2V unless noted. 3A10mA ranges: <80s typical (current less than 2.5A, Rload >1.5). 1mA range: <100s typical. 100A range: <150s typical. 10A range: <500s typical. 1A range: <2.5ms typical. 100nA range: <25ms typical. DC floating voltage: Output can be floated up to 250VDC from chassis ground. Remote sense operating range:1 Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V. Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V. Voltage output headroom: 40V range: Max. output voltage = 42V total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1 per source lead). 6V range: Max. output voltage = 8V total voltage drop across source leads. Over temperature protection: Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. Voltage source range change overshoot: Overshoot into a 100k load, 20MHz BW, 300mV typical. Current source range change overshoot: <5% of larger range + 300mV/Rload typical. (see CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions).
5 Add 150s when measuring on the 1A range.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. C / Sep 2007
Page 3 of 7
Models 2601/2602
3. METER SPECIFICATIONS
Voltage Measurement Accuracy 6 Range 100.000mV 1.00000V 6.00000V 40.0000V Display resolution 7 1V 10V 10V 100V Input resistance >10G >10G >10G >10G Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ volts) 0.015% + 150V 0.015% + 200V 0.015% + 0.015% + 1mV 8mV
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Current Measurement Accuracy Range 100.000nA 1.00000A 10.0000A 100.000A 1.00000mA 10.0000mA 100.000mA 1.00000A 3.00000A Display resolution7 1pA 10pA 100pA 1nA 10nA 100nA 1A 10A 10A Voltage burden 8 <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+amps) 0.05% + 100pA 0.025% + 300pA 0.025% + 1.5nA 0.02% + 25nA 0.02% + 200nA 0.02% + 2.5A 0.02% + 20A 0.03% + 1.5mA 0.05% + 3.5mA
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C.
6 Add 50V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 7 Applies when in single channel display mode. 8 Four-wire remote sense only.
SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. C / Sep 2007
Models 2601/2602
Contact Check9 Speed Fast Medium Slow Additional Meter Specifications Load impedance: Stable into 10,000pF typical. Common mode voltage: 250VDC. Common mode isolation: >1G, <4500pF. Over-range: 101% of source range, 102% of measure range. Maximum sense lead resistance: 1k for rated accuracy. Sense input impedance: >10G. Maximum measurement time to memory for 60Hz (50Hz)9 1 (1.2)ms 4 (5)ms 36 (42)ms Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ ohms) 5% + 10 5% + 1 5% + 0.3
9 Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.
Page 5 of 7
Models 2601/2602
4. GENERAL
Host Interfaces: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology. RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control (RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation. Expansion interface: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Cable type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable. Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP-enabled instrument. Digital I/O interface: Connector: 25-pin female D. Input/Output pins: 14 open drain I/O bits. Absolute maximum input voltage: 5.25V. Absolute minimum input voltage: 0.25V. Maximum logic low input voltage: 0.7V, +850A max. Minimum logic high input voltage: 2.1V, +570A. Maximum source current (flowing out of digital I/O bit): +960A. Maximum sink current at maximum logic low voltage (0.7V): 5.0mA. Absolute maximum sink current (flowing into digital I/O pin): 11mA. 5V power supply pin: Limited to 600mA, solid state fuse protected.
600mA Solid State Fuse 5.1k
+5V Pin
(on DIGITAL I/O connector)
+5VDC
Digital I/O Pin

100
Read by firmware Written by firmware
GND Pin
Rear Panel
Output enable pin: Active high input pulled down internally to ground with 10k resistor. When the Output Enable input function has been activated, each SourceMeter channel will not turn on unless the output enable pin is driven to >2.1V (nominal current = 2.1V / 10k = 210A). Power Supply: 100V to 240VAC, 50Hz60Hz (manual setting), 240VA max. Cooling: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack-mounted.
SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. C / Sep 2007
Models 2601/2602
Warranty: 1 year. EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1. Safety: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1. Dimensions: 89mm high 213mm wide 460mm deep (3 12 in 8 38 in 17 12 in). Bench configuration (with handle & feet): 104mm high 238mm wide 460mm deep (4 18 in 9 38 in 17 12 in). Weight: 2601: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). 2602: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs). Environment: For indoor use only. Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level. Operating: 0C50C, 70% R.H. up to 35C. Derate 3% R.H./C, 35C50C. Storage: 25C to 65C.
Page 7 of 7
Models 2611/2612
This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Keithley Instruments Models 2611 and 2612 System SourceMeters. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2611 and 2612 are tested. Upon leaving the factory, the Models 2611 and 2612 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are non-warranted, apply at 23C, and are provided solely as useful information. The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (Models 2611 and 2612) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (Model 2612) terminals under the following conditions: 1. 23C 5C, <70% relative humidity. 2. After two-hour warm-up. 3. Speed normal (1 NPLC). 4. A/D auto-zero enabled. 5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local sense operation. 6. Calibration period: one year.
Voltage Programming Accuracy1 Range 200.000mV 2.00000V 20.0000V 200.000V Programming resolution 5V 50V 500V 5mV Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ volts) 0.02% + 375V 0.02% + 600V 0.02% + 5mV 0.02% + 50mV Typical noise (peak-peak) 0.1Hz-10Hz 20V 50V 300V 2mV
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:2 30.603W per channel maximum. 20.2V at 1.515A, 202V at 101mA, four quadrant source or sink operation. Voltage regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: (0.01% of range + 100V). Noise 10Hz20MHz: <5mV RMS typical, 20V range, 1A limit. Current limit/compliance:3 Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10nA. Accuracy same as current source. Overshoot: <(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current limit/compliance). Guard offset voltage: <4mV (current 10mA).
1 2 3
Add 50V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. Full power source operation regardless of load to 30C ambient. Above 30C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8, Operating boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy specifications. For 1A range add an additional 40mA of uncertainty.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006
Page 1 of 6
Models 2611/2612
Current Programming Accuracy 4 Range 100.000nA 1.00000A 10.0000A 100.000A 1.00000mA 10.0000mA 100.000mA 1.00000A 1.50000A
2 2 2,5
Programming resolution 2pA 20pA 200pA 2nA 20nA 200nA 2A 20A 50A
Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+amps) 0.06% + 100pA 0.03% + 800pA 0.03% + 5nA 0.03% + 60nA 0.03% + 300nA 0.03% + 6A 0.03% + 30A 0.05% + 1.8mA 0.06% + 4mA
Typical noise (peak-peak) 0.1Hz-10Hz 5pA 25pA 60pA 3nA 6nA 200nA 600nA 70A 150A
10.0000A 200A 0.5% + 40mA Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:2 30.603W per channel maximum. 1.515A at 20.2V, 101mA at 202V, four-quadrant source or sink operation. Current regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: (0.01% of range + 100pA). Voltage limit/compliance: 6 Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value. Minimum value is 10mV. Accuracy same as voltage source. Overshoot: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see Current source output settling time for additional test conditions). Additional Source Specifications
Transient response time: <70s for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step change in load. Voltage source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range. 200mV, 2V ranges: <50s typical. 20V range: <110s typical. 200V range: <700s typical. Current source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range. Values below for Iout Rload = 2V unless noted. 1.5A1A ranges: <120s typical (Rload >6). 100mA10mA ranges: <80s typical. 1mA range: <100s typical. 100A range: <150s typical. 4 5 6 Accuracy specifications do not include connector leakage. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per C when operating between 18C28C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per C when operating <18C and >28C. 10A range accessible only in pulse mode. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source specification. For 200mV range add an additional 120mV of uncertainty.
SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006
Models 2611/2612
10A range: <500s typical. 1A range: <2ms typical. 100nA range: <20ms typical. DC floating voltage: Output can be floated up to 250VDC from chassis ground. 1 Remote sense operating range: Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V. Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V. Voltage output headroom: 200V range: Max. output voltage = 202.3V; total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1 per source lead). 20V range: Max. output voltage = 23.3V; total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1 per source lead). Over temperature protection: Internally-sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. Voltage source range change overshoot: Overshoot into a 200k load, 20MHz BW, 300mV typical. Current source range change overshoot: <5% of larger range + 300mV/Rload + 60nA typical (see Current source output settling time for additional test conditions).
Pulse Specifications
Region 1 1 2 9 3 4 Maximum current limit 100mA at 200V 1.5A at 20V 1A at 180V 1A at 200V 10A at 5V Maximum pulse width7 DC, no limit DC, no limit 8.5ms 2.2ms 1ms Maximum duty cycle8 100% 100% 1% 1% 2.2%
Minimum programmable pulse width:7 200s. NOTE: Minimum pulse width for settled source at a given I/V output and load can be longer than 200s. See note 10 for typical settling times.10
7 Times measured from the start of pulse to the start of off-time:
Pulse Level 90% Start ton Bias Level 10% ton toff Start toff 10%
Thermally limited in sink mode (quadrants 2 and 4) and ambient temperatures above 30C. See power equations in the Reference Manual for more information. 9 Voltage source operation with 1.5A current limit. 10 Typical performance for minimum settled pulse widths:
Source value 5V 20V 180V 200V (1.5A limit) 100 mA 1A 1A 10A Load 0.5 200 180 200 200 20 180 0.5 Source settling (% of range) 1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 1% 1% 0.2% 0.5% Min. pulse width 300s 200s 5ms 1.5ms 200s 500s 5ms 300s
Typical tests were performed using remote operation, 4W sense, Keithley 2600 ban cables and best fixed measurement range. For more information on pulse scripts, see the Series 2600 Reference Manual.
Page 3 of 6
Models 2611/2612
Pulse width programming resolution: 1s. Pulse width programming accuracy:7 25s. Typical pulse width jitter: 50s.
+10A
+1.5A +1A +0.1A 0A 0.1A 1A 1.5A
3 2 1 2 3 2 2
4 10A 200V 180V 20V 5V 0V +5V +20V +180V +200V
Voltage Measurement Accuracy11, 12 Range 200.000mV 2.00000V 20.0000V 200.000V Display resolution13 1V 10V 100V 1mV Input resistance >10G >10G >10G >10G Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ volts) 0.015% + 225V 0.02% + 350V 0.015% + 5mV 0.015% + 50mV
Temperature coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C.
11 Add 50V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 12 De-rate accuracy specifications for NPLC setting <1 by increasing error term. Add appropriate % of range term using table below: NPLC 200mV 2V200V 100nA 1A100mA 1A1.5A setting range ranges range ranges ranges 0.1 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01 0.08% 0.07% 0.1 % 0.05% 0.05% 0.001 0.8 % 0.6 % 1% 0.5 % 1.1 % 13 Applies when in single channel display mode.
SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006
Models 2611/2612
Current measurement accuracy14,12 Range 100.000nA 1.00000A 10.0000A 100.000A 1.00000mA 10.0000mA 100.000mA 1.00000A 1.50000A 10.0000A
16
Display resolution13 1pA 10pA 100pA 1nA 10nA 100nA 1A 10A 10A 100A
Voltage burden15 <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV <1mV
Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+amps) 0.05% + 100pA 0.025% + 500pA 0.025% + 1.5nA 0.02% + 25nA 0.02% + 200nA 0.02% + 2.5A 0.02% + 20A 0.03% + 1.5mA 0.05% + 3.5mA 0.4% + 25mA
Temperature Coefficient (0C18C and 28C50C): (0.15 accuracy specification)/C. Contact Check17 Speed Fast Medium Slow Additional Meter Specifications Load impedance: Stable into 10,000pF typical. Common mode voltage: 250VDC. Common mode isolation: >1G, <4500pF. Over-range: 101% of source range, 102% of measure range. Maximum sense lead resistance: 1k for rated accuracy. Sense input impedance: >10G. Maximum measurement time to memory for 60Hz (50Hz)17 1 (1.2)ms 4 (5)ms 36 (42)ms Accuracy (1 year) 23C + 5C + (% rdg.+ohms) 5% + 10 5% + 1 5% + 0.3
14 De-rate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per C when operating between 18C28C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per C when operating <18C and >28C. 15 Four-wire remote sense only. 16 10A range accessible only in pulse mode. 17 Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.
Page 5 of 6
Models 2611/2612
4. GENERAL
Host interfaces: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology. RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control (RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation. Expansion interface: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Cable type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable. Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP-enabled instrument. Digital I/O interface (see Models 2601 and 2602 GENERAL specifications for circuit diagram): Connector: 25-pin female D. Input/output pins: 14 open drain I/O bits. Absolute maximum input voltage: 5.25V. Absolute minimum input voltage: 0.25V. Maximum logic low input voltage: 0.7V, +850A max. Minimum logic high input voltage: 2.1V, +570A. Maximum source current (flowing out of digital I/O bit): +960A. Maximum sink current at maximum logic low voltage (0.7V): 5.0mA. Absolute maximum sink current (flowing into digital I/O pin): 11mA. 5V Power supply pin: Limited to 600mA, solid state fuse protected. Safety interlock pin: Active high input. >3.4V at 24mA (absolute maximum of 6V) must be externally applied to this pin to ensure 200V operation. This signal is pulled down to chassis ground with a 10k resistor. 200V operation will be blocked when the INTERLOCK signal is <0.4V (absolute minimum of 0.4V). See figure below:
INTERLOCK Pin
Coil Resistance 145 10% 10k
Read by firmware +220V Supply 220V Supply
Chassis Ground Rear Panel
To output stage
Power supply: 100V to 240VAC, 5060Hz (manual setting), 240VA max. Cooling: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack-mounted. Warranty: One year. EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1. Safety: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1. Dimensions: 89mm high 213mm wide 460mm deep (3 12 in 8 38 in 17 12 in). Bench configuration (with handle and feet): 104mm high 238mm wide 460mm deep (4 18 in 9 38 in 17 12 in). Weight: Model 2611: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). Model 2612: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs). Environment: For indoor use only. Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level. Operating: 0C50C, 70% R.H. up to 35C. Derate 3% R.H./C, 35C50C. Storage: 25C to 65C.
SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006
Model 2635/2636
This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Models 2635 and 2636 System SourceMeters. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2635 and 2636 are tested. Upon leaving the factory the 2635 and 2636 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23C, and are provided solely as useful information. The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeters CHANNEL A (2635 and 2636) or SourceMeters B (2636) terminals under the following conditions: 1. 23C 5C, < 70% relative humidity. 2. After two-hour warm-up. 3. Speed normal (1 NPLC). 4. A/D auto-zero enabled. 5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local operation. 6. Calibration period: one year.
VOLTAGE SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Specifications RANGE Voltage Programming Accuracy1 PROGRAMMING ACCURACY (1 Year) TYPICAL NOISE (peak-peak) RESOLUTION 23C 5C 0.1 Hz10 Hz (% rdg. + volts) 5 V 50 V 500 V 5 mV 0.02% + 375 V 0.02% + 600 V 0.02% + 5 mV 0.02% + 50 mV 20 V 50 V 300 V 2 mV
200.000 mV 2.00000 V 20.0000 V 200.000 V
Temperature Coefficient Maximum Output Power and Source/Sink Limits2 Voltage Regulation Noise 10 Hz 20 MHz Current Limit/Compliance3
1 2
(0.15 accuracy specification)/C For temperatures (018C & 2850C) 30.3 W per channel maximum. 20.2 V @ 1.5 A 202 V @ 100 mA Four-quadrant source or sink operation. Line: 0.01% of range Load: (0.01% of range + 100 V). < 20 mV peak-peak (typical), < 3 mV RMS (typical) 20 V range Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 100 pA. Accuracy is the same as current source.
Add 50 V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. Full power source operation regardless of load to 30C ambient. Above 30C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8 Operating Boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007
Page 1 of 8
Model 2635/2636
Specifications Category Overshoot Guard Offset Voltage
Specifications < (0.1% + 10 mV) (typical ) Step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current limit/compliance. < 4 mV Current < 10 mA
CURRENT SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Specifications RANGE PROGRAMMING ACCURACY (1 Year) TYPICAL NOISE (peak-peak) RESOLUTION 23C 5C 0.1 Hz10 Hz (% rdg. + amps) 20 fA 200 fA 2 pA 20 pA 200 pA 2 nA 20 nA 200 nA 2 A 20 A 50 A 0.15% + 2 pA 0.15% + 5 pA 0.06% + 50 pA 0.03% + 700 pA 0.03% + 5 nA 0.03% + 60 nA 0.03% + 300 nA 0.03% + 6 A 0.03% + 30 A 0.05% + 1.8 mA 0.06% + 4 mA 800 fA 2 pA 5 pA 25 pA 60 pA 3 nA 6 nA 200 nA 600 nA 70 A 150 A
1.00000 nA 10.0000 nA 100.000 nA Current Programming Accuracy 1.00000 A 10.0000 A 100.000 A 1.00000 mA 10.0000 mA 100.000 mA 1.00000 A4 1.50000 A4 Temperature Coefficient Maximum Output Power and Source/Sink Limits4 Current Regulation Voltage Limit/Compliance5
3
(0.15 accuracy specification)/C For temperatures (0 18C & 28 50C) 30.3 W per channel maximum. 1.515 A @ 20 V 101 mA @ 200 V Four-quadrant source or sink operation. Line: 0.01% of range Load: (0.01% of range + 100V). Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10 mV. Accuracy is the same as current source.
For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy specifications. For 1A range add an additional 40mA of uncertainty. 4 Full power source operation regardless of load to 30C ambient. Above 30C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8 Operating Boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information 5 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and 0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source specification. For 200mV range add an additional 120mV of uncertainty.
SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007
Model 2635/2636
Specifications Category
Specifications < 0.1% (typical) step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current limit/compliance See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions
Overshoot
ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Specifications Transient Response Time < 70 s for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step change in load. Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range. Range Settling Time 200 mV < 50 s (typical) 2V < 50 s (typical) 20 V < 110 s (typical) 200 V < 700 s (typical) Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range. Values below for Iout Rload = 2 V unless noted Current Range Settling Time 1.5 A 1 A < 120 s (typical) (Rload > 6 ) 100 mA 10 mA < 80 s (typical) 1 mA < 100 s (typical) 100 A < 150 s (typical) 10 A < 500 s (typical) 1 A < 2 ms (typical) 100 nA < 20 ms (typical) 10 nA < 40 ms (typical) 1 nA < 150 ms (typical) Output can be floated up to 250 VDC Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3 V Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V 200 V Range Maximum output voltage = 202.3 V total voltage drop across source leads. (maximum 1 per source lead) 20 V Range Maximum output voltage = 23.3 V total voltage drop across source leads. (maximum 1 per source lead)
Voltage Source Output Settling Time
Current Source Output Settling Time
DC Floating Voltage Remote Sense Operating Range6 Voltage Output Headroom
Add 50 V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop.
Page 3 of 8
Model 2635/2636
Specifications Category Over Temperature Protection Voltage Source Range Change Overshoot Current Source Range Change Overshoot
Specifications Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. 300 mV + 0.1% of larger range (typical) Overshoot into a 200 K load, 20 MHz BW < 5% of larger range + 300 mV/Rload + 60 nA (typical) See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions.
PULSE SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Minimum Programmable Pulse Width7 Pulse Width Programming Resolution Pulse Width Programming Accuracy Pulse Width Jitter
Specifications 200 s Note: Minimum pulse width for settled source at a given I/V output and load can be longer than 200 s. 1 s 25 s 50 s (typical)
Quadrant Diagram
Times measured from the start of pulse to the start off-time; see figure below.
Pulse Level 90% Start ton Bias Level 10% ton toff Start toff 10%
Model 2635/2636
VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Specifications RANGE Voltage Measurement Accuracy8,9 DISPLAY 9 RESOLUTION 1 V 10 V 100 V 1 mV INPUT IMPEDENCE > 10 G > 10 G > 10 G > 10 G ACCURACY (1 Year) 23C 5C (% rdg. + volts) 0.015% + 225 V 0.02% + 350 V 0.015% + 5 mV 0.015% + 50 mV
200.000 mV 2.00000 V 20.0000 V 200.000 V
Temperature Coefficient
(0.15 accuracy specification)/C For temperatures (018C & 2850C)
CURRENT MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS9 Specifications Category Specifications Current Measurement Accuracy RANGE DISPLAY 10 RESOLUTION VOLTAGE 11 BURDEN ACCURACY (1 Year) 23C 5C (% rdg. + amps) 0.15% + 120 fA 0.15% + 240 fA 0.15% + 3 pA 0.06% + 40 pA 0.025% + 400 pA 0.025% +1.5 nA
100.000 pA12,13 1.00000 nA12,14 10.0000 nA 100.000 nA 1.00000 A 10.0000 A

8 9
1 fA 10 fA 100 fA 1 pA 10 pA 100 pA
< 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV
Add 50V to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop De-rate accuracy specifications for NPLC setting < 1 by increasing error term. Add appropriate % of range term using table below NPLC Setting 200 mV 2 V 200 V 100 nA Range 1 A 100 mA 1 A 1.5 A Range Ranges Ranges Ranges 0.1 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01 0.08 % 0.07% 0.1 % 0.05% 0.05% 0.001 0.8 % 0.6 % 1 % 0.5 % 1.1 %
10 11
Applies when in single channel display mode. Four-wire remote sense only. 12 10-NPLC, 11-Point Median Filter, < 200V range, measurements made within 1 hour after zeroing. 23C 1C 13 Under default specification conditions: (0.15% + 750 fA). 14 Under default specification conditions: (0.15% + 1 pA).
Page 5 of 8
Model 2635/2636
Specifications Category
Specifications RANGE DISPLAY 15 RESOLUTION 1 nA 10 nA 100 nA 1 A 10 A 10 A VOLTAGE 16 BURDEN < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV < 1 mV ACCURACY (1 Year) 23C 5C (% rdg. + amps) 0.02% + 25 nA 0.02% +200 nA 0.02% + 2.5 A 0.02% +20 A 0.03% +1.5 mA 0.05% + 3.5 mA
100.000 A 1.00000 mA 10.0000 mA 100.000 mA 1.00000 A 1.50000 A Current Measure17 Settling Time Temperature Coefficient
Time required to reach 0.1% of final value. Current Range Settling Time 1 mA < 100 s (typical) (0.15 accuracy specification)/C For temperatures (018C & 2850C)
ADDITIONAL METER SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Category Specifications Load Impedance Common Mode Voltage Common Mode Isolation Overrange Maximum Sense Lead Resistance Sense Input Impedance
15 16
Stable into 10,000 pF (typical) 250 VDC > 1 G < 4500 pF 101% of source range 102% of measure range 1 K for rated accuracy > 10 G
Applies when in single channel display mode. Four-wire remote sense only. 17 See series 2600 SourceMeter Reference Manual Section 8 for more information.
Model 2635/2636
4. GENERAL
Specifications Category Host Interfaces IEEE-488 Specifications Computer control interfaces IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology Baud rates from 300bps to 115200bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control (RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable 3 meters maximum between each TSP enabled instrument See 2601/02 GENERAL specifications for circuit diagram 25-pin female D 14 open drain I/O bits 5.25 V 0.25 V 0.7V, +850 A max 2.1V, + 570 A + 960 A 5.0 mA 11 mA Limited to 600 mA, solid state fuse protected Active high input. > 3.4 V @ 24 mA (absolute maximum of 6 V) must be externally applied to this pin to insure 200 V operation. This signal is pulled down to chassis ground with a 10 K resistor. 200 V operation will be blocked when the INTERLOCK signal is <_0.4 V (absolute minimum 0.4 V). See figure below:
RS-232
Expansion Interface Cable Type Length Digital I/O Interface Connector Input/Output Pins Absolute Maximum Input Voltage Absolute Minimum Input Voltage Maximum Logic Low Input Voltage Minimum Logic High Input Voltage Maximum Source Current (flowing out of Digital I/O bit) Maximum Sink Current @ Maximum Logic Low Voltage (0.7V Absolute Maximum Sink Current (flowing into Digital I/O pin 5V Power Supply Pin
Safety Interlock Pin
Page 7 of 8
Model 2635/2636
INTERLOCK Pin
Coil Resistance 145 10% 10k Chassis Ground Rear Panel
Read by firmware +220V Supply 220V Supply
To output stage
Power Supply Cooling Warranty EMC Safety Dimensions Weight Environment Altitude Operating Storage
100 V to 250 VAC, 50 Hz 60 Hz (auto sensing), 250 VA max Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack mounted 1 year Conforms to European Union Directive 2004/108/EEC, EN 61326-1 Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1 89 mm high 213 mm wide 460 mm deep (312 in 838 in 1712 in). Bench Configuration (with handle & feet): 104 mm high 238 mm wide 460 mm deep (418 in 938 in 1712 in) 2635: 4.75 Kg (10.4 lbs). 2636: 5.50 Kg (12.0 lbs). For indoor use only Maximum 2000 meters above sea level 0 50C, 70% R.H. up to 35C. Derate 3% R.H./C, 35 50C 25C to 65C SPEED SPECS
Series 2600
1. SPEED SPECIFICATIONS1,2,3
Maximum Sweep Operation Rates (operations per second) for 60Hz (50Hz):
A/D converter speed Trigger origin Measure to memory Measure to GPIB Source measure to memory Source measure to GPIB Source measure pass/fail to memory Source measure pass/fail to GPIB
0.001 NPLC 0.001 NPLC 0.01 NPLC 0.01 NPLC 0.1 NPLC 0.1 NPLC 1.0 NPLC 1.0 NPLC
Internal Digital I/O Internal Digital I/O Internal Digital I/O Internal Digital I/O
10000 (10000) 2700 (2650) 4000 (3500) 1900 (1775) 565 (475) 490 (420) 59 (49) 58 (48)
8000 (8000) 2100 (2100) 3600 (3200) 1600 (1500) 555 (470) 470 (405) 59 (49) 58 (48)
5500 (5500) 2300 (2300) 2750 (2700) 1700 (1600) 540 (450) 470 (410) 58 (49) 58 (48)
3600 (3600) 1900 (1875) 2300 (2100) 1450 (1400) 510 (440) 450 (390) 58 (48) 57 (48)
4900 (4900) 2200 (2150) 2800 (2500) 1600 (1500) 535 (455) 470 (400) 58 (49) 57 (48)
3100 (3100) 1800 (1775) 2100 (1975) 1400 (1325) 505 (430) 450 (390) 58 (48) 57 (48)
Maximum Single Measurement Rates (operations per second) for 60Hz (50Hz):
A/D converter speed Trigger origin Measure to GPIB Source measure to GPIB Source measure pass/fail to GPIB
0.001 NPLC 0.01 NPLC 0.1 NPLC 1.0 NPLC
Internal Internal Internal Internal
1110 (1000) 950 (900) 390 (345) 57 (48)
880 (880) 780 (760) 355 (320) 56 (47)
840 (840) 730 (710) 340 (305) 56 (47)
Maximum measurement range change rate: >4500/second typical. When changing to or from a range 1A, maximum rate is >2000/second typical. Maximum source range change rate: >400/second, typical. Maximum source function change rate: >500/second, typical. External trigger input: The digital I/O interface signals can be configured to operate as trigger inputs. Input latency (time from trigger input to start of measurement or source change): <150s, typical. Input jitter: <100s, typical. Command processing time: Maximum time required for the output to begin to change following the receipt of the smux.source.levelv or smux.source.leveli command. <1ms typical.
1 See the Speed Specifications Test Conditions Appendix in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information regarding test conditions. 2 Exclude current measurement ranges less than 1mA. 3 2635/2636 with default measurement delays and filters disabled. Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007
Page 1 of 3
Series 2600
2. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Front Panel Interface:
Two-line vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) with keypad and rotary knob. Display: Show error messages and user-defined messages Display source and limit settings Show current and voltage measurements View measurements stored in non-volatile reading buffers Keypad operations: Change host interface settings Save and restore instrument setups Load and run factory and user-defined test scripts (i.e., sequences) that prompt for input and send results to the display Store measurements into non-volatile reading buffers
Programming:
Embedded Test Script Processor (TSP) accessible from any host interface. Responds to individual instrument control commands. Responds to high-speed test scripts comprised of instrument control commands and Test Script Language (TSL) statements (e.g., branching, looping, math, etc.). Able to execute high-speed test scripts stored in memory without host intervention. Minimum memory available: 3Mb (approximately 50,000 lines of TSL code). Test Script Builder: Integrated development environment for building, running, and managing TSP scripts. Includes an instrument console for communicating with any TSP-enabled instrument in an interactive manner. Requires: VISA (NI-VISA included on CD) Microsoft .NET Framework (included on CD) Keithley I/O Layer (included on CD) Pentium III 800MHz or faster personal computer Microsoft Windows 98, NT, 2000, or XP Software Interface: Direct GPIB/VISA, Read/Write with VB, VC/C++, LabVIEW, TestPoint, LabWindows/CVI, etc.
SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007
Series 2600
Reading Buffers: Non-volatile storage area(s) reserved for measurement data. Reading buffers are arrays of measurement elements. Each element can hold the following items: Measurement Source setting (at the time the measurement was taken) Measurement status Range information Timestamp Two reading buffers are reserved for each SourceMeter channel. Reading buffers can be filled using the front panel STORE key, and retrieved using the RECALL key or host interface. Buffer Size, with timestamp and source setting: >50,000 samples. Buffer Size, without timestamp and source setting: >100,000 samples. Battery Backup: Lithium-ion battery backup; 30 days of non-volatile storage. Typical battery life is 1 year. Factory TSP Scripts: See www.keithley.com for Keithley-supported application-specific scripts. System Expansion: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. See figure below:
Each SourceMeter has two TSP-Link connectors to facilitate chaining instruments together. Once SourceMeter instruments are interconnected via TSP-Link, a computer can access all of the resources of each SourceMeter via the host interface of any SourceMeter. A maximum of 16 TSP-Link nodes can be interconnected. Each SourceMeter consumes one TSP-Link node. TIMER: Free-running 47-bit counter with 1MHz clock input. Reset each time instrument powers up. Rolls over every 4 years. Timestamp: TIMER value automatically saved when each measurement is triggered. Resolution: 1s. Accuracy: 100ppm.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007
Page 3 of 3
Appendix A: Specifications
A-26
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Appendix B Frequently Asked Questions

In this appendix:
Topic Page How do I optimize performance? ..................................................... B-2 Setting speed ................................................................................ B-2 Disabling auto zero to increase speed .......................................... B-2 How do I use the Digital I/O port? .................................................... B-2 Controlling the Digital I/O port ....................................................... B-2 How do I trigger other instruments? ................................................ B-3 Triggering a scanner...................................................................... B-3 Programming triggering ................................................................. B-4 How do I generate a service request? ............................................. Setting up a service request .......................................................... Service request programming example......................................... Polling for SRQs ............................................................................ B-4 B-4 B-4 B-4
How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory? ............... B-5 Front panel operation .................................................................... B-5 Remote programming.................................................................... B-5 How do I stack channels to output higher voltage? ....................... B-6 How do I parallel channels to output higher current? .................... B-8 How do I make contact check measurements? .............................. B-8 Contact check connections............................................................ B-8 Contact check programming example ........................................... B-9 How do I make low-current measurements? ................................... B-10 Low-current connections ............................................................... B-10 Low-current measurement programming example........................ B-11
NOTE Visit the Keithley Instruments website at www.keithley.com for more information on Frequently Asked Questions.
Appendix B: Frequently Asked Questions
How do I optimize performance?

Reference See Operation considerations in Section 4 and Speed in Section 6 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for detailed information on performance factors that affect measurement speed and accuracy.
There are three primary factors that affect measurement accuracy and speed: Warm-up For rated measurement accuracy, allow the Series 2600 to warm up for at least one hour before use. Speed setting The Speed setting affects both speed and accuracy. Auto zero Auto zero can be disabled to increase speed at the expense of accuracy.
Setting speed
Press the SPEED key, then choose the setting based on your requirements: Choose the FAST setting for the fastest measurements, but measurement accuracy will be reduced. For best accuracy, use the HI ACCURACY setting, but speed will be reduced. To compromise between accuracy and speed, use the MED or NORMAL setting.
Disabling auto zero to increase speed

In certain measuring situations, disabling auto zero can increase measurement speed, but accuracy will drift with time. To disable auto zero, select CONFIG > MEAS > AUTO-ZERO, then set to OFF. To minimize drift with auto zero disabled, use the ONCE selection just before measuring.
How do I use the Digital I/O port?

Reference See Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete details on the Digital I/O port.
Digital I/O port terminals

The Digital I/O port, located on the rear panel (Figure 1-2 on page 1-6), provides 14 digital I/O lines (Figure B-1). Each output can be set high (+5V) or low (0V), read high or low logic levels, and can be set up for triggering. Make connections using a cable with a Male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1).
B-2
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure B-1 Digital I/O port terminals

13 25 1 14
DIGITAL I/O
1 = Digital I/O #1 2 = Digital I/O #2 3 = Digital I/O #3 4 = Digital I/O #4 5 = Digital I/O #5 6 = Digital I/O #6 7 = Digital I/O #7 8 = Digital I/O #8 9 = Digital I/O #9 10 = Digital I/O #10
11 = Digital I/O #11 12 = Digital I/O #12 13 = Digital I/O #13 14 = Digital I/O #14 15-21 = Ground 22 = +5V 23 = +5V 24 = Output Enable (OE); 2601/2602 24 = Interlock (INT); 2611/2612/2635/2636 25 = +5V
Controlling the Digital I/O port

From the front panel, select MENU > GENERAL > DIGOUT > DIG_IO_OUTPUT, then enter the decimal value to set I/O lines high or low (16,383 maximum). Commands for basic I/O are summarized in Table B-1. For example, to set all 14 lines high, send: digio.write.port(16383). Table B-1 Commands for basic I/O port
Command digio.readbit(bit) digio.readport() digio.writebit(bit, data) digio.writeport(data) Description Read one digital I/O input line. Read digital I/O port. Write data to one digital I/O output line. Write data to digital I/O port.
How do I trigger other instruments?

Reference See Triggering in Section 4, Remote digital I/O commands in Section 11, and Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for triggering and Digital I/O port command details.
Triggering a scanner
A typical test scenario might call for using the SourceMeter with a scanner to test a number of DUTs in sequence. A basic example that uses the Series 2600 Digital I/O port to trigger a scanner is shown in Figure B-2. In this case, line 1 of the I/O port is used as a trigger output and connected to the scanner mainframe trigger input, while line 2 of the I/O port is used as a trigger input. Figure B-2 Triggering a scanner
Series 2600 SourceMeter Digital I/O Line 1 (Trigger Out) Digital I/O Line 2 (Trigger In) Scanner Mainframe Trigger In Trigger Out
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
B-3
Programming triggering
A simple command sequence that sets up triggering is shown below. The first two commands set the output pulse width on line 1 and program line 2 for falling edge input triggers. The second two commands assert and then wait for a trigger on lines 1 and 2 respectively.
digio.trigger[1].pulsewidth = 1e-5 digio.trigger[2].mode = digio.TRIG_FALLING digio.trigger[1].assert() digio.trigger[2].wait(timeout) Set line 1 pulse width to 10s. Set line 2 mode to falling edge. Assert trigger on line 1. Wait for trigger on line 2.
How do I generate a service request?

Reference See Status byte and service request (SRQ) and additional information in Appendix D of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for status model and service request details.
Setting up a service request

The exact programming steps necessary to generate a GPIB service request (SRQ) will vary somewhat depending on the event(s) intended to generate the SRQ. In general, the steps used will be as follows: Clear all status registers to prevent anomalous events from generating an SRQ. Set bits in the appropriate operation: questionable, measurement enable, or transition register(s). Set the proper summary bit in the service request enable register. At least one bit in this register must always be set, but the exact bit(s) to be set will depend on the desired SRQ event(s).
Service request programming example

The example below shows how to program the SourceMeter to generate an SRQ when the current limit on Channel A is exceeded.
status.reset() status.measurement.current_limit.enable = status.measurement.current_limit.SMUA status.measurement.enable = status.measurement.ILMT status.request_enable = status.MSB Clear all registers. Enable current limit bit in current limit register. Enable status measure current limit bit. Enable status SRQ MSB.
Polling for SRQs

To determine if the SourceMeter is the GPIB device that generated the SRQ, simply serial poll the unit for the status byte, and test to see if the corresponding summary bit or bits are set. For example, the following commands request the status byte and prints the result: status_byte = status.condition print(status_byte)
B-4
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory?

A Series 2600 SourceMeter has two non-volatile buffers for measured readings, source values, and timestamps: NV Buffer 1 (nvbuffer1) and NV Buffer 2 (nvbuffer2). Data stored in these buffers will not be lost when the Series 2600 is turned off. Reference See Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on the buffer (data store).
Front panel operation

See How do I use the buffer? on page 1-16 of this manual for details on storing data from the front panel of the Series 2600.
Remote programming
The following example demonstrates a typical way to use a reading buffer. The commands in the following steps will perform three SMU A voltage measurements, store them in nvbuffer1, and then read the buffer:
Step 1: Clear and configure the buffer

The following command sequence will clear the buffer of all readings, and configure the buffer to store timestamps and source values:
smua.nvbuffer1.clear() smua.nvbuffer1.collecttimestamps = 1 smua.nvbuffer1.collectsourcevalues = 1
NOTE Setting collecttimestamps to 0 and collectsourcevalues to 0 will disable the storage of timestamps and source values.
Step 2: Perform measurements

The following command sequence sets the measure count to three, turns on the output, performs the three measurements, and then turns off the output:
smua.measure.count = 3 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON smua.measure.v(smua.nvbuffer1) smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF
The three measure readings, timestamps, and source values will be stored in the buffer.
Step 3: Read the buffer

The following code will output the three sets of data (nine values) in the same message:
rb1 = smua.nvbuffer1 printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1, rb1.timestamps, rb1.sourcevalues)
For the above printbuffer function, 1 is the starting index for values to output, rb1.n is the ending index (n = the number of readings in the buffer, which in this case is 3), rb1 includes the measured readings, rb1.timestamps includes the timestamps, and rb1.sourcevalues includes the source values.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
B-5
Example output: 1.234567e-03, 5.555555e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362360e-03, 8.888888e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362368e-03, 1.111111e-01, 1.000000e+00 The above output is returned in the following order: reading1, timestamp1, sourcevalue1, reading2, timestamp2, sourcevalue2, reading3, timestamp3, sourcevalue3 See Step 3 of Running a factory script on page 3-3 for more examples on reading the buffer.
How do I stack channels to output higher voltage?

The maximum output voltage of a Model 2601 or Model 2602 channel is 40.4, and the maximum output voltage of a Model 2611/2612 or 2635/2636 channel is 202V. Higher voltage can be output by stacking (connecting in series) channels. Stacking channels requires that all SMU channels (except one) float off earth ground. Figure B-3 shows two Model 2602s configured with the four channels connected in series to output up to 161.6V (40.4V per channel). Additional channels can be added (stacked), but the LO terminal of any SMU channel in the stack must never exceed 250V with respect to earth ground.
WARNING
The maximum floating (common mode) voltage for a SMU is 250V. Exceeding this level may cause damage to the instrument and create a shock hazard.
Whenever hazardous voltage (>30Vrms, 42Vpeak) will be output, a safety shield must completely surround the DUT test circuit. When using a metal safety shield, it must be connected to a known safety earth ground and chassis ground. Reference See Floating a SMU in Section 3 of the Reference Manual for details on floating SMU channels.
B-6
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure B-3 Stacking channels for higher voltage

2602-2
Chan B
Hi Hi
Lo
40.4V Max Safety Shield 161.6V Max 40.4V Max
Chan A
Lo
40.4V Max
2602-1
Chan B
Hi
DUT
WARNING Connect metal safety shield to Safety Earth Ground using #18 AWG or larger wire. Note On the 2602-1, connect Channel A LO to the Chassis at the rear panel. LOs for the other channels must be isolated from Chassis.
Lo Hi
Chan A
Lo
40.4V Max Output low connected to chassis
Each 2602 chassis is connected to chassis earth ground through the power cord. Chassis Earth Ground Safety Earth Ground
NOTE Each stacked channel adds approximately 100A of common mode current that is seen by the channels below it. Therefore, in the example above, Model 2602-1 Chan A will measure approximately 100A x 3 = 300A higher than Model 2602-2 Chan B. Similarly, Model 2602-1 Chan B will measure approximately 100A x 2 = 200A higher than Model 2602-2 Chan B. The most accurate measurement of actual current flowing through the DUT will be obtained from Model 2602-2 Chan B.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
B-7
How do I parallel channels to output higher current?

Reference See Section 3 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on SMU connections. The maximum DC output current of a Model 2601 or Model 2602 channel is as follows: 1.01A @ up to 40.4V 3.03A @ up to 6.06V 101mA @ up to 202V 1.515A @ up to 20.2V
The maximum DC output current of a Model 2611/2612 or Model 2635/2636 channel is as follows:
Higher current can be output by connecting channels in parallel. Figure B-4 shows four channels of two Model 2602s, 2612s, or 2636s connected in parallel. Two Model 2602s can output up to 4.04A at up to 40.4V and 12.12A at up to 6.06V, while two Model 2612s and Model 2636s can output up to 404mA at up to 202V and 6.06A at up to 20.2V. The current delivered to the DUT is the sum of currents output by the four SMU channels. More current can be output by connecting additional channels in parallel. Figure B-4 Connecting channels in parallel for higher current
IT = I1 + I2 + I3 +14 I1 2602-1, 2612-1, or 2636-1 Chan A + + Chan B I2 2602-2, 2612-2, or 2636-2 Chan A + I3 + I4
DUT
Chan B
How do I make contact check measurements?

Reference See Contact check measurements in Section 4 and command information in Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for contact check details.
Contact check connections

The contact check function1 prevents measurement errors due to excessive resistance in the force or sense leads caused by poor contact at the DUT, failing relay contacts on a switching card, or wires that are too long or thin. The contact check function will also detect an open circuit that may occur with a four-point probe is misplaced or misaligned. Figure B-5 shows Model 2601/2602/ 2611/2612 contact check connections, and Figure B-6 shows Model 2635/2636 contact check connections . RC is the resistance of the mechanical contact at the DUT, and RS is the series resistance of relays and cables.
1. All Model 2611/2612s manufactured by Keithley Instruments support the contact check function. Only Model 2601/2602s with firmware revision 1.1.0 or later and SMU hardware revision E or later support the contact check function. To determine the firmware and SMU hardware revisions, inspect the data returned by the print(localnode.info()) command. The InstFwRev and SMUBrdRev keys contain the necessary information (contact check is NOT on 2635/2636).
B-8
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Figure B-5 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 contact check connections

KEITHLEY Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 CHANNEL A S LO LO G HI G G S G HI
RS
RS
RS
RS
Cable/Relay Resistance
RC
RC
HI
RC
S HI
RC
Contact Resistance
DUT
S LO LO
Contact check programming example

The command sequence for a typical contact measurements is shown below. These commands set the contact check speed to fast and the threshold to 10. A contact check measurement against the threshold is then made. If it fails, a more accurate contact check measurement is made, and the test is aborted. Otherwise, the output is turned on, and the test continues.
smua.reset() smua.contact.speed = smua.CONTACT_FAST smua.contact.threshold = 10 if (not smua.contact.check()) then --One/both contact resistances are not --below the programmed threshold. smua.contact.speed = smua.CONTACT_SLOW rhi, rlo = smua.contact.r() print(rhi, rlo) exit() end smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON Restore defaults. Set speed to fast. Set threshold to 10. Check contacts against threshold.
Set speed to slow. Get resistance readings. Return contact resistances to the host. Terminate execution.
- Turn on output and continue.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
B-9
How do I make low-current measurements?

Reference See Section 3 for more connection information, and Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for command details.
Low-current connections
Low-current measurements (<1A) are subject to errors caused by leakage currents and leakage resistances in the signal path For that reason, Model 2635 and 2636 SourceMeters are equipped with triax connectors to minimize these problems. To assure accurate low-level measurements, the integrity of the signal path must be maintained to the DUT, including using both low-noise triax cables and a suitable test fixture. Figure B-7 shows typical connections for low-current measurements. The DUT in this example could be a low-current semiconductor device, a high-megohm resistor, or any other passive or active electronic device requiring low-current measurements. Note that the DUT is enclosed in both a guard shield and a safety shield, which is necessary when hazardous voltages are used. The inner shield (guard) of the HI triax cable is connected to the test fixture guard shield, and the outer cable shield (chassis ground) is connected to the safety shield. Figure B-7 Model 2635/2636 low-current connections
B-10
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Low-current measurement programming example

The command sequence for typical low-current measurements is shown below. The sequence assumes that a 100G resistor is being tested. These commands set the output voltage to 100V and then measure and display both the current through the device as well as the resistance.
smua.reset() smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.rangev = 200 smua.source.levelv = 100 smua.measure.rangei = 1e-9 smua.source.limiti = 1e-9 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON print(smua.measure.i()) print(smua.measure.r()) smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF - Restore defaults. - Set source to DCV. - Select 200V source range - Output 100V DC. - Select 1nA range. - Set current limit to 1nA - Turn on output. - Display current reading. - Display resistance reading. - Turn off output.
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
B-11
Index
A
Auto zero Disabling ......................................... B-2
F
Factory scripts .......................................... 3-2 Front panel summaries ............................ 1-2
B
Basic measurements ..............................1-11 Buffer Configuration ..................................1-16 Configuring .....................................1-16 Overview ........................................1-16 Recalling readings ..........................1-17 Storing readings .............................1-16 Using ..............................................1-16
G H
GPIB interface ..................................2-2, B-2
C
Calling a function ......................................3-3 Operator interaction .........................3-4 Chassis ground ................................1-7, 1-9 Clearing a buffer ...................................... B-6 Command help .........................................2-8 Compliance Setting limit .....................................1-12 Configuring a buffer ................................. B-6 Connections DUT ......................................1-12, 1-16 Connectors Digital I/O .................................1-7, 1-9 IEEE-488 ..................................1-7, 1-9 Output ......................................1-7, 1-9 Power module ..........................1-7, 1-9 RS-232 .....................................1-7, 1-9 TSP-Link ..................................1-7, 1-9 Console window Clearing ............................................2-8 Saving ..............................................2-8 Contact check Connections .................................. B-10 Measurements .............................. B-10 Programming example .................. B-11 Control icons ............................................2-5
How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? ......................... 3-3 How do I parallel channels to output higher current? ................................. B-9 How do I run a script from the front panel? .............................................. 3-2 How do I set up the TSP-Link system? .... 4-2 How do I stack channels to output higher voltage? ........................................... B-7 How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory? ...................... B-6 How do I use other programs? ............... 3-11 How do I use the expanded system? ....... 4-4
IEEE-488 interface ...........................2-2, B-2 Importing a factory script project .............. 3-5 Input/output connections .................. 1-7, 1-9 Instrument resource Closing ............................................. 2-7 Opening ........................................... 2-7 Interface configuration GPIB ................................................ 2-3 RS-232 ............................................. 2-3
K
Keys Function ........................................... 1-4 Output control .................................. 1-4 Range .............................................. 1-4 Special ............................................. 1-3
D
Digital I/O port Controlling ....................................... B-3 Terminals ........................................ B-3 Display Annunciators ....................................1-5 Display modes ........................................1-13 DUT connections ....................................1-12
LabVIEW ...................................... 2-11, 3-11 Language help ......................................... 2-8 Line frequency ....................................... 1-11 Line power Connecting to ................................. 1-11 Setting line frequency .................... 1-11 Turning on ...................................... 1-11 Low current Connections ................................... B-12
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
I-1
Index
Measurements ............................... B-12 Programming example .................. B-13
M
Measurement Function ..........................................1-13 Making ............................................1-13 Range .............................................1-13 Setting functions .............................1-16 Measurements Basic ...............................................1-12 Using Test Script Builder ..................2-9 Menu Bar ..................................................2-4 Modifying a factory script ..........................3-5 Modifying the test code ............................3-6
Setting level ................................... 1-12 Source-measure capabilities .................... 1-7 Model 2601/2602 ........................... 1-10 Model 2611/2612 ........................... 1-10 Model 2635/2636 ........................... 1-10 SourceMeter/Script Interaction pane ....... 2-4 Specifications ...........................................A-1 Speed Setting ..............................................B-2 SRQ (Service request) .............................B-5 Storing a script in non-volatile memory .... 3-7 Storing readings ..................................... 1-16
T
Test Script Builder Running ............................................ 2-4 Using ................................................ 2-4 Timestamp ............................................. 1-17 Triggering Other instruments ............................B-4 Programming ...................................B-4 Scanner ............................................B-4 TSP-Link Accessing node resources ............... 4-4 Connections ..................................... 4-2 Initialization (reset) ........................... 4-3 localnode variable (alias) ................. 4-4 Node number assignments .............. 4-2 node variable ................................... 4-4 Running scripts ................................ 4-4 Setup ................................................ 4-2 System check ................................... 4-3
O
Optimizing performance .......................... B-2 Output Turning off ......................................1-13 Turning on ............................1-13, 1-16
P
Performing measurements ...................... B-6 Power module ..................................1-7, 1-9 Power switch ............................................1-3 Programs Using ..............................................2-11 Using LabVIEW ....................2-11, 3-11 Using Visual Basic ................2-13, 3-13 Project Navigator pane .............................2-4 PulseVMeasureI function .........................3-3
U
Reading a buffer .............................. 3-4, B-6 Readings Recalling .........................................1-17 Storing ............................................1-16 Rear panel summaries .............................1-2 Recalling readings ..................................1-17 Remote interface Configuring .......................................2-3 Connections .....................................2-2 Selecting ...........................................2-2 Using ....................................... 2-2, B-2 Rotary knob ..............................................1-4 RS-232 interface ............................. 2-2, B-2 Running a factory script ............................3-3 Running a user script .............................3-10 User scripts .............................................. 3-2
V
Vents Cooling ..................................... 1-7, 1-9 Visual Basic ........................................... 2-13
W
What is a script? ...................................... 3-2
S
Safety symbols and terms ........................1-2 Saving a script ..........................................3-7 Script Development pane .........................2-4 Service request Generating ....................................... B-5 Polling for ........................................ B-5 Programming example .................... B-5 Setting up ........................................ B-5 Source Selecting .........................................1-12 Setting functions .............................1-16
I-2
2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007
Service Form
Model No. Name and Telephone No. Company
List all control settings, describe problem and check boxes that apply to problem.
Serial No.
Date
Intermittent IEEE failure Front panel operational
Analog output follows display Obvious problem on power-up All ranges or functions are bad
Particular range or function bad; specify Batteries and fuses are OK Checked all cables
Display or output (check one) Drifts Unstable Overload Calibration only Unable to zero Will not read applied input
Certificate of calibration required
Data required (attach any additional sheets as necessary) Show a block diagram of your measurement system including all instruments connected (whether power is turned on or not). Also, describe signal source.
Where is the measurement being performed? (factory, controlled laboratory, out-of-doors, etc.)
What power line voltage is used? Relative humidity? Other?
Ambient temperature?F
Any additional information. (If special modifications have been made by the user, please describe.)
Be sure to include your name and phone number on this service form.
12/06
Specifications are subject to change without notice. All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments, Inc. All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.
G R E A T E R
M E A S U R E
O F
C O N F I D E N C E
Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Corporate Headquarters 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440-248-0400 Fax: 440-248-6168 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com
12/06

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Manual Print History

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Manual Print History

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Front and Rear Panel Operation ...............................................

Remote Operation ............................................................................

Test Script Processor Interaction .............................................

Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link) ..................

4-1 4-2 4-4 4-4 4-4

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Specifications ..................................................................................... A-1 Frequently Asked Questions ...................................................... B-1

Index ......................................................................................................... I-1

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Front and Rear Panel Operation

Test Script Processor Interaction

Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Frequently Asked Questions

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Front and Rear Panel Operation

Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Frequently Asked Questions

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Section 1 Front and Rear Panel Operation

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Front and rear panel familiarization

Rear panel summaries

Safety symbols and terms

Return to Section Topics

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Model 2601, Model 2611, and Model 2635

CURSOR RANGE AUTO

Model 2602, Model 2612, and Model 2636

RANGE AUTO RANGE

Special keys and power switch:

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Return to Section Topics

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

2. Source-measure setup, performance control and special operation:

Return to Section Topics

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Users Manual

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

4. Output control and LED status indicator:

5. Rotary knob and CURSOR keys:

6. Display annunciators (not shown):

* (asterisk) Readings being stored in buffer.

2600S-900-01 Rev. B / September 2007

Return to Section Topics

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation