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    Escort Tugs

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    Dnv Bailey
    The document discusses escort tugs and their use in direct and indirect braking and steering modes. Escort tugs are meant to cope with potential emergencies by braking or steering assisted ships. Direct braking and steering is used at slow speeds, while indirect braking and steering provides larger forces and is more effective at higher speeds above 4-5 knots.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Escort Tugs

    Uploaded by

    Dnv Bailey
    519 views10 pages
    The document discusses escort tugs and their use in direct and indirect braking and steering modes. Escort tugs are meant to cope with potential emergencies by braking or steering assisted ships. Direct braking and steering is used at slow speeds, while indirect braking and steering provides larger forces and is more effective at higher speeds above 4-5 knots.

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    Escort tugs

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    The document discusses escort tugs and their use in direct and indirect braking and steering modes. Escort tugs are meant to cope with potential emergencies by braking or steering assisted ships. Direct braking and steering is used at slow speeds, while indirect braking and steering provides larger forces and is more effective at higher speeds above 4-5 knots.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    519 views10 pages

    Escort Tugs

    Uploaded by

    Dnv Bailey
    The document discusses escort tugs and their use in direct and indirect braking and steering modes. Escort tugs are meant to cope with potential emergencies by braking or steering assisted ships. Direct braking and steering is used at slow speeds, while indirect braking and steering provides larger forces and is more effective at higher speeds above 4-5 knots.

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    PORT REVEL SHIPHANDLING

    ESCORT TUGS

    NOVEMBER 2011

    THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE FREELY USED PROVIDED THAT IT BEARS THE WORDING COPYRIGHT PORT REVEL .

    E s c o r t T u g P o r t R e v e l w i t h Voith Schneider Propulsion:

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    ASD Escort Tug with Z-Peller:

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    Escort tugs are meant to cope with potential emergencies. They are usually tethered to the assisted ship for speeds up to around 10 knots. In case of emergency, their action may be to brake the assisted ship as quickly as possible, and/or to steer the assisted ship away from an obstacle. B r a k i n g c a n b e c a r r i e d o u t i n a d i r e c t mo d e , i . e . b y p u l l i n g i n l i n e w i t h t h e a s s i s t e d s h i p , o r i n a n i n d i r e c t m o d e , i . e . b y u s i n g t h e t u g s h u l l a s a paravane to produce a towline force. When should they use one mode or the other ?

    C r o w l e y s Nanuq

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    At slow speed in a narrow canal with a bridge, direct braking and steering will be used.

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    Example of indirect braking of a 200 000 dwt tanker with a large escort tug. The paravane effect of the tug induces large towline forces which increase with speed.

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    Obviously, the steering component increases with a larger towline angle.

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    In a direct steering mode, the tug is pushed back into the wake of the assisted ship by the water flow W when the speed is more than 4-5 knots. Above this speed the tug is unable to move sideways against the water flow W. The steering component is thus reduced due to the small towline angle. At higher speeds the indirect steering mode is increasingly effective .

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    The steering force is obtained with the VSP going astern with the levers and applying wheel to generate a side thrust so as to rotate the tug. Hydrodynamics of the hull and skeg generate a significant towline force at speeds above 4-5 knots. Modern tug design provides high indirect pulling forces at speeds as low as 2-3 knots. Hence indirect pulling can nowadays be used over a wide range of speeds.

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

    Trials performed with the Port Revel manned models (see p. 5) have demonstrated the trends as shown above: Braking: >> Direct mode: at speed V=0, the braking force is the Bollard Pull, set for these trials at 60 t. The braking force increases slightly with V; this reflects the increase of the drag of the tug pulling in line . >> Indirect mode: the braking force increases more significantly with V as the drag of the tug is much larger because of its moving sideways and with a small towline angle. Steering: >> Direct mode: at speed V=0, the steering force is again the Bollard Pull. The steering force reduces with V as the tug cannot stay at a large angle because of the water flow pushing it back into the wake of the assisted ship. >> Indirect mode: at speed V=0, the steering force is obviously nil. The steering force increases significantly with V as the drag of the tug is much larger because of its moving sideways and with a large towline angle. Conclusion for steering: V < 4 knots: go for direct mode V > 4 knots: go for indirect mode

    Sogreah - Port Revel Shiphandling

    Escort Tugs

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