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    PC Matrices 2

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    Hector R.
    Matrices are arrays of numbers arranged in rows and columns. [1] The document introduces matrices and their basic properties such as dimensions, types (row, column, square matrices), and how they can be manipulated through operations like addition, multiplication, and determining the determinant. [2] Matrix multiplication is possible when the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. [3] Calculators make working with matrices easier by quickly performing operations like multiplication and determining the determinant.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PC Matrices 2

    Uploaded by

    Hector R.
    126 views20 pages
    Matrices are arrays of numbers arranged in rows and columns. [1] The document introduces matrices and their basic properties such as dimensions, types (row, column, square matrices), and how they can be manipulated through operations like addition, multiplication, and determining the determinant. [2] Matrix multiplication is possible when the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. [3] Calculators make working with matrices easier by quickly performing operations like multiplication and determining the determinant.

    Original Description:

    Notes by Dr. David Archer teacher of Calculus at Andress High

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    Matrices are arrays of numbers arranged in rows and columns. [1] The document introduces matrices and their basic properties such as dimensions, types (row, column, square matrices), and how they can be manipulated through operations like addition, multiplication, and determining the determinant. [2] Matrix multiplication is possible when the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. [3] Calculators make working with matrices easier by quickly performing operations like multiplication and determining the determinant.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    126 views20 pages

    PC Matrices 2

    Uploaded by

    Hector R.
    Matrices are arrays of numbers arranged in rows and columns. [1] The document introduces matrices and their basic properties such as dimensions, types (row, column, square matrices), and how they can be manipulated through operations like addition, multiplication, and determining the determinant. [2] Matrix multiplication is possible when the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. [3] Calculators make working with matrices easier by quickly performing operations like multiplication and determining the determinant.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
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    MATRICES

    MATH PROJECT
    END
    a brief introduction
    to

    matrices
    GOAL: to be able to solve a
    system of equations using matrices
    and a graphing calculator, and to
    understand why it works.
    END
    A matrix looks something like
    this...
     3 −2 1 2 
    1 0 1 −1 
     
     5 4 1 2
    − 2 2 3 0 
     

    END
    It is an array of numbers (or
    variables, or expressions),
    arranged in rows and columns
    and enclosed in brackets.
    Each individual number or variable
    or expression in the matrix is
    element
    called an ____________ .

    END
    A matrix is commonly designated
    by a capital letter (sometimes
    also in brackets). A or [A]
    The capital letter often includes a
    subscript which gives the number
    or rows and columns in the matrix.
    Rows are always given first!
    END
    A 2x3
    Refers to a matrix with __2 rows
    and __3 columns.  1 − 1 2

    It might look like this...  3 1 0 
    (rows: horizontal; columns: vertical.)
    The number of rows and columns
    is referred to as the “dimensions”
    ___________
    of the matrix.
    END
    If a matrix has only one row, it is
    called a _____
    row matrix:
    [ 2 a 4a 3 0 ]
    If a matrix has only one 2
     x
    column, is called a  
    ___________
    column matrix:  1 

    END
    If there are an equal number of
    rows and columns it is called a
    ___________
    square matrix:

     2 3 4
     1 9 8
     
     3 5 0

    END
    A matrix can be multiplied by a
    number or variable (called a
    scalar) by multiplying each
    element by the scalar. So...
     2 3 4  6 9 12 

    3 1 9 8 =   3 27 24
       
     3 5 0  9 15 0 
    END
    Two matrices are equal if and
    only if each element in the first is
    equal to the corresponding
    element in the second. If...
     x 2 y   3 10  Then we
    =
     3 x 4 y   9 20 know that...
       
    x = 3 and y=5
    END
    Matrices can be added by adding
    the corresponding elements.

    2 5
    4   3 0   ____ 4 
    ____
    x  +   =  
     x+2
    y   2 x   ____ y + x
    ____ 

    END
    Two matrices can be multiplied
    under certain circumstances...

    columns in
    The number of ___________
    the FIRST matrix must equal the
    number of ___________
    rows in the
    SECOND matrix.
    END
    The resulting product matrix will
    have the same number of
    rows
    ___________ as the first matrix
    and the same number of
    columns as the second.
    ___________
    A 2x3 × B 2x3 does not exist. Why?

    (A columns (3) ≠ B rows (2)! )


    END
    A 2x3 × B 3x1 does exist, and results
    in matrix... ( AB ) 2x1

    Note that sometimes [A][B]


    exists, but [B][A] does not! (As is
    the case in this example!)
    Matrix multiplication is NOT
    commutative!
    END
    To perform matrix multiplication,
    each element in the first ROW of
    the FIRST matrix is multiplied by
    its corresponding element in the
    first COLUMN of the SECOND
    matrix. The sum of those products
    will be the element of the first row,
    first column of the product matrix.
    END
    The pattern is repeated until all
    the elements of the product matrix
    are found.
    FORTUNATELY…..
    Today we have calculators that do
    the job quickly and easily!

    END
    Each square matrix has a number
    associated with it called its
    “determinant.”
    A determinant is indicated by
    placing the elements in the matrix
    inside vertical bars, instead of
    brackets.

    END
     2 4 Would have a determinant
     1 5 indicated by...
      2 4
    1 5

    A determinant is NOT a matrix. It


    is a number associated with a
    matrix.
    END
    In a second order matrix (i.e. two-
    by-two), the determinant is
    calculated like this...
    a b
    = ad − bc so...
    c d
    2 4
    = 2 ⋅ 5 − 4 ⋅ 1 = 10 − 4 = 6
    1 5
    END
    Expanding third and fourth order
    determinants becomes quite
    messy, and once again….
    FORTUNATELY…
    Today we have calculators that do
    the job quickly and easily!

    END

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