BICOL STATE SCIENCE OF APPLIED TECHNOLOGY

NAGA CITY

RESEARCH: THREE STAR HOTEL

SUBMITTED BY: CORDIAL, JAIME ANGELO R. BS ARCHITECTURE II

SUBMITTED TO: AR.ELEANOR D. BARSAGA

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONCEPT DESIGN OBJECTIVES DESIGN CONSIDERATION INTRODUCTION RELATED STUDIES ORDINANCE/ LAW/ CODE SAMPLE IMAGES REFERENCES

CONCEPT
The design concept of the THREE STAR HOTEL is FEEL. The guest will be feel free to enjoy and experience the comfort that the Hotel will provide.

DESIGN OBJECTIVES
1. To design a Hotel with an appealing structure. 2. To design a Hotel that will maximize the outdoor view. 3. To design a Hotel with good orientation. 4. To design a Hotel that maximizes the security of the user. 5. To design a Hotel with Green Architecture solutions.

DESIGN CONSIDERATION
1. Aesthetic 2. Vista 3. Orientation 4. Accessibility 5. Security 6. Green Architecture

INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Facilities offering hospitality to travellers have been a feature of the earliest civilizations. In Greco-Roman culture hospitals for recuperation and rest were built at thermal baths. During the Middle Ages various religious orders at monasteries and abbeys would offer accommodation for travellers on the road. The precursor to the modern hotel was the inn of medieval Europe, possibly dating back to the rule of Ancient Rome. These would provide for the needs of travelers, including food and lodging, stabling and fodder for the travellers horse(s) and fresh horses for the mail coach. A typical layout of an inn had an inner court with bedrooms on the two sides, with the kitchen and parlour at the front and the stables at the back. For a period of about 200 years from the mid-17th century, coaching inns served as a place for lodging for coach travelers (in other words, a roadhouse). Coaching inns stabled teams of horses for stagecoaches and mail coaches and replaced tired teams with fresh teams. Traditionally they were seven miles apart but this depended very much on the terrain. Some English towns had as many as ten such inns and rivalry between them was intense, not only for the income from the stagecoach operators but for the revenue for food and drink supplied to the wealthy passengers. By the end of the century, coaching inns were being run more professionally, with a regular timetable being followed and fixed menus for food. Inns began to cater for richer clients in the mid-18th century, and consequently grew in greatness and the level of service provided.

RELATED STUDIES
ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN OF MARINA BAY SANDS Marina Bay Sands is a $5 billion, high-density, mixed-use integrated resort that brings together a 2,560-room hotel, convention center, shopping and dining, theaters, museum, and a casino across the water from Singapores Central Business District. Designed by Boston-based, internationally renowned architect Moshe Safdie for the Las Vegas Sands Corporation, the 929,000 square meter (10 million square-foot) urban district anchors the Singapore waterfront, creates a gateway to Singapore, and provides a dynamic setting for a vibrant public life. Moshe Safdie was invited to join the Las Vegas Sands Corporation in developing a competitive design proposal for Marina Bay for submission to the Government of Singapore. Marina Bay Sands is really more than a building project, it is a microcosm of a city rooted in Singapores culture, climate, and contemporary life, says architect Moshe Safdie. Our challenge was to create a vital public place at the district-urban scale, in other words, to address the issue of megascale and invent an urban landscape that would work at the human scale. Safdie designed an urban structure that weaves together the components of a complex program into a dynamic urban crossroads and public meeting place. Inspired by great ancient cities that were ordered around a vital public thoroughfare, Marina Bay Sands is organized around two principal axes that traverse the district and give it a sense of orientation placing emphasis on the pedestrian street as the focus of civic life. This new urban place integrates the waterfront promenade, a 74,000 square meter (800,000 square-foot) multi-level retail arcade, and the iconic Museum of ArtScience on the promontory. Located along the network of public paths are also two theaters with a combined 4,000 seats, a casino, a 9,000 square meter (96,000 square-foot) convention and exhibition center, and a hydraulically adjustable public event piazza of 5,000 square meters (54,000 square

feet). Combining indoor and outdoor spaces and providing a platform for a wide array of activities, this vibrant, 21st-century cardo maximus, or grand arcade, also connects to the subway and other transportation. A series of layered gardens provide ample green space throughout Marina Bay Sands, extending the tropical garden landscape from Marina City Park towards the Bayfront. The landscape network reinforces urban connections with the resorts surroundings and every level of the district has green space that is accessible to the public. Generous pedestrian streets open to tropical plantings and water views. Half of the roofs of the hotel, convention center, shopping mall, and casino complex are planted with trees and gardens. Three 55-storey hotel towers anchor the district and are connected at the top by the 1 hectare (2.5-acre) SkyPark. An engineering marvel 200 meters (656 feet) above the sea, the SkyPark spans from tower to tower and cantilevers 65 meters (213 feet) beyond. It accommodates a public observatory, gardens, a 151 meter-long (495 foot-long) swimming pool, restaurants, and jogging paths and offers sweeping panoramic views, a formidable resource in a dense city like Singapore.Shielded from the winds and lavishly planted with hundreds of trees, the SkyPark celebrates the notion of the Garden City that has been the underpinning of Singapores urban design strategy. Moshe Safdie selected five international artists to create eight monumental public art installations for Marina Bay Sands (James Carpenter, Antony Gormley, Ned Kahn, Sol LeWitt, and Chongbin Zheng). The artists worked closely with Safdie to ensure that the sitespecific commissions complement the architecture and energize the public spaces.

ORDINANCE/ LAW/ CODES

IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS

RULE 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. Title

1.1 REVISED IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (P.D. 1096) referred to as the IRR

2. Declaration of Policy

2.1 To safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare and to provide a framework of minimum standards and requirements to regulate and control the location of buildings, site, design, quality of material, construction, use and maintenance.

3. Scope and Application

3.1 Shall cover architectural, civil/structural, electrical, mechanical, sanitary, plumbing, electronics and interior design. Shall apply to design, location, siting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of and addition to public and private building and structures except traditional indigenous family dwellings and economic and socialized housing projects.

3.2 Existing buildings without building permits/certificates of occupancy may be issued same provided they conform to these rules and regulations RULE 11 ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT 1. Responsibility for Administration and Enforcement Secretary of Department of Public Works and Highways 2. Professional and Technical Assistance created the National Building Code Development Council (NBCDC) with the Board of Consultants (BOC) undertake research and development of building systems to develop suitable guidelines, standards, upgrade existing IRR and other codes.

3. Fees

1. Bases of assessment 1. Character of occupancy or use of building 2. Cost of construction 10,000/sq.m (A,B,C,D,E,G,H,I), 8,000 (F), 6,000 (J) 3. Floor area 4. Height

4. Administrative Sanctions

4.1 Administrative sanctions for non-compliance of the Code:

4.1.1 Non-issuance, suspension or revocation of permits

4.1.2 Non-issuance, suspension or revocations of certificates of occupancy

4.1.3 Issuance of Work Stoppage Order or Notice.

4.1.4 Issuance of Order for Discontinuance of Use or Occupancy of Buildings or parts thereof

5. Abatement and/or demolition of dangerous/ruinous buildings 6. Impositions of administrative fines, surcharges and penalties

5. Grounds for the Non-issuance, Suspension, Revocation of Permit 1. Non-compliance of plans and specifications with the Code 2. Incorrect or inaccurate data or information found in the application 3. Non-compliance with terms and conditions of permit 4. Failure to commence work within one year 5. Abandonment of work for 120 calendar days 6. Unauthorized change in the submitted plans and specifications and in the type of construction 7. Failure to engage an architect/civil engineer to undertake full time supervision or failure to keep a logbook of the progress of construction 8. Failure to submit the original design plans stamped by the BO or the as-built plans prior to renovation, alteration, conversion or any change affecting structural stability, architectural presentability and type of construction

6. Grounds for Non-issuance or revocation of Certificates of Occupancy: 1. Non-compliance with terms and conditions of permits

2. Incorrect or inaccurate data or information supplied and incomplete requirements in the application 3. Failure to submit the logbook, duly notarized Certificate of Completion, as-built plans and specifications, and building inspection sheets

7. Issuance of Work Stoppage Order or Notice: 1. Non-compliance with the terms and conditions of permits 2. Unauthorized change, modification or alteration in the approved plans and specifications or in the type of construction

3. Failure to engage the services of an architect/civil engineer to supervise construction 4. Erecting, constructing, altering, moving, converting or demolishing without permit 5. Alteration, addition, repair in buildings constructed before the adoption of this code without permit 6. Unauthorized change during construction from the approved plans and specifications 8. Issuance of Order for Discontinuance of Use or Occupancy annual inspection 1. Dangerous or Ruinous Building 2. Occupancy of building without a Certificate of Occupancy 3. Change in the existing use or occupancy classification without Certificate of Change of Occupancy

4. Errors found in the application for Certificate of Occupancy, As-built plan, Notarized Certificate of Completion and Logbook 5. Maintaining hazardous, dangerous and excessive occupancy loading beyond the designed capacity of the building

9. Non-conforming Use or Occupancy 1. The use of non-conforming buildings legally authorized under the Code maybe continued. 2. However, non-conforming buildings cannot be enlarged, increased or extended to occupy a greater area of land than that already occupied.

10. Abatement/Demolition of Dangerous/Ruinous Building 1. The BO shall order the repair, vacation or demolition of dangerous or ruinous building. Conditions or defects of dangerous or ruinous buildings: 1. Structural Hazards 2. Fire Hazard 3. Hazardous Electrical Wiring 4. Hazardous Mechanical Installation 5. Inadequate Sanitation/Plumbing and Health Facilities 6. Improper Occupancy and Architectural Eyesore 7. Improper/Unauthorized Location 8. Illegal Construction RULE III BUILDING PERMITS AND INSPECTIONS

1. Building Permits

1.1 No person, firm or corporation shall construct, alter, repair, convert, use, occupy, move, demolish and add any building without a building permit.

2. Ancillary Permits

2.1.1 Architectural Permit

2.1.2 Civil/Structural Permit

2.1.3 Electrical Permit

2.1.4 Mechanical Permit

2.1.5 Sanitary Permit

2.1.6 Plumbing Permit

2.1.7 Electronics Permit

2.1.8 Interior Design Permit

2.1.9 Other Permits for other professional disciplines 3. Building/Structure Accessory Permits accessory parts with very special functions indicated or implied in the plans and specifications

3.1 Bank and records vaults

3.2 Swimming pools

3.3 Firewalls separate from the building

3.4 Towers

3.5 Silos

3.6 Smokestacks

3.7 Chimneys

3.8 Commercial/industrial fixed ovens

3.9 Industrial kilns/furnaces

3.10 Water/Waste water treatment tanks, septic vault

3.11 Concrete and steel tank

3.12 Booths, kiosks and stages

3.13 Tombs, mausoleums and niches

3.14 Others

4 Accessory Permits - activities

4.1 Ground preparation and excavation permit

4.2 Encroachment of foundation to public area permit

4.3 Fencing permit for fence exceeding 1.80 m high

4.4 Sidewalk construction permit

4.5 Temporary sidewalk enclosure and occupancy permit

4.6 Erection of scaffolding permit

4.7 Erecting, repair, removal of sign permit

4.8 Repairs permit

4.9 Raising Permit

4.10 Demolition permit

4.11 Moving permit

4.12 Other

5. Exemption from Building Permits

1. A building permit shall not be required for the following minor constructions: 1. Minor Constructions 1. Sheds, outhouses, greenhouses, childrens playhouses, aviaries, poultry houses and the like not exceeding six sq.m. completely detached from any building 2. Addition of open terraces or patios directly on the ground not exceeding twenty sq.m. for private use

3. Installation of window grilles 4. Garden pools, aquarium fish not exceeding five hundred mm in depth and for private use 5. Garden masonry wall not exceeding 1.20 m in height, footpaths, residential garden walks and driveways

2. Repair works 1. Repair works not affecting structural members 2. Repair of non-load bearing partition walls 3. Repair of any interior portion of a house not involving addition or alteration 4. Repair/replacement of doors and windows 5. Repair/replacement of flooring 6. Repair of perimeter fence and walls 7. Repair/replacement of plumbing fixtures, fittings or pipings for single detached dwellings and duplexes 8. Repair/replacement of defective and deteriorated wires, wiring devices, fixtures and safety devices provided that no alterations on the electrical service entrance and the main safety switch or circuit breaker and without additional circuits to existing installations for single detached dwellings

6. Requirements

1. In case the applicant is the registered owner of the lot:

1. Certified true copy of OCT/TCT, on file with the Registry of Deeds 2. Tax Declaration 3. Current Real Property Tax Receipt 2. In case the applicant is not the registered owner of the lot in addition to the above: 1. Duly notarized copy of the Contract of Lease or Sale 2. Duly notarized copy of the Deed of Absolute Sale

3. Five sets of survey plans, design plans, specifications signed and sealed by: 1. Architect, in case of architectural documents 2. Civil Engineer, in case of civil/structural documents 3. Professional Electrical Engineer, in case of electrical documents 4. Professional Mechanical Engineer, in case of mechanical documents 5. Sanitary Engineer, in case of sanitary documents 6. Master Plumber, in case of plumbing documents 7. Electronics Engineer, in case of electronics documents 8. Environmental Planner who is also an architect or civil engineer in case of developmental/environmental documents 9. Interior Designer, in case of interior design documents 10. Geodetic Engineer, in case of lot survey documents

7. Issuance of Building Permit

7.1 When satisfied that the plans and specifications conforms to the requirements of the Code and its IRR, the BO shall within fifteen days from payment of the required fees, issue the Building Permit.

2. Non-issuance, Suspension or Revocation of Building Permit 1. Errors found in the plans and specifications 2. Incorrect or inaccurate data or information supplied 3. Non-compliance with the pertinent provisions of the Code and its IRR

3. Terms and Conditions of Permits 1. Submitted plans and specifications shall not be changed, modified or altered without the approval of the BO.

4. Validity of a Building Permit 1. A building permit shall become null and void if the work is not commenced within one year and if suspended or abandoned for 120 days.

8. Processing of Application for Certificate of Occupancy

1. The owner shall submit to the BO 1. A duly notarized Certificate of Completion together with the logbook, asbuilt plans and specifications and the Building Inspection Sheet all signed by the contractor and the architect/engineer who undertook the full time supervision. 2. As-built plans and specifications signed and sealed by the design professionals, supervisor and contractor. 3. Changes, alterations and amendatory permit. RULE IV TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

1.1 Type I wood construction 2. Type II wood construction with protective fire-resistant materials and one-hour

fire resistive all throughout 3. Type III masonry and wood construction and one-hour fire resistive all throughout 4. Type IV steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction and walls, ceiling and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction 5. Type V four hour fire-resistive throughout RULE V REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONES 1. Definition Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be constructed based on their use or occupancy, type of construction and resistance to fire. 2. Buildings located in more than one fire zone a building located partly in one fire zone and partly in another shall be considered to be in the more highly restrictive fire zone, when more than one third of its total floor area is located in such zone. RULE VI FIRE RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION

1. Definitions 1. Fire-resistive rating the degree to which a material can withstand fire as determined by generally recognized and accepted test methods.

2. Fire-Resistive Time Period Rating the length of time a material can withstand being burned which may be one hour, two hours, three hours, four hours

2. Fire-Resistive Regulations 1. Attic access opening shall be provided at the ceiling of a floor of a building with combustible roof construction 600 mm sq. RULE VII CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY GROUP A RESIDENTIAL (DWELLINGS)

Division A-1 residential buildings for exclusive use of single family occupants

1. Indigenous family dwelling units 2. single-detached units 3. school or company staff housing 4. church rectories 5. single family dwellings 6. churches or similar places of worship 7. community facilities and social centers 8. parks, playgrounds, pocket parks, parkways, promenades and playlots 9. clubhouses and recreational uses such as golf courses, tennis courts operated by the government or private individuals as membership organizations for the benefit of their members, families and guests.

Division A-2 residential buildings for the exclusive use of non-leasing occupants not exceeding 10 persons

1. single-attached or duplex or townhouse, each privately owned 2. school dormitories (on-campus) 3. convents and monasteries 4. military or pocket barracks 5. all uses in Division A-1 6. pre-schools, elementary and high schools with not more than 16 classrooms 7. outpatient clinics, family planning clinics, lying-in clinics, diagnostic clinics, medical and clinical laboratories 8. branch library and museum 9. steam/dry cleaning outlets 10. party needs and accessories GROUP B RESIDENTIAL (BUILDINGS/STRUCTURES, HOTELS AND APARTMENTS)

Division B-1

1. all uses in Divisions A-1 and A-2 2. Leased single detached dwelling unit, cottage with more than one independent unit and duplexes 3. boarding and lodging houses 4. multiple housing units for lease or for sale 5. townhouses, each privately owned

6. boarding houses 7. accessories, rowhouses, townhouses, tenements and apartments 8. multiple privately-owned condominium 9. hotels, motels, inns, pension houses and apartels 10. private or off-campus dormitories 11. elementary schools and highschools not more than 20 classrooms

GROUP C- EDUCATION AND RECREATION ( INSTITUTIONAL)

Division C-I

1. amusement halls and parlors 2. massage and sauna parlors 3. health studios and reducing salons 4. billiard halls, pool rooms, bowling alleys and golf club 5. dancing schools, disco parks, dance and amusement hall 6. gymnasia, pelota courts and sports complex

Division C-2

1. educational institutions like schools, colleges, universities, vocational, seminaries, convents, including school auditoriums, gymnasia, reviewing stands, little theaters, concert halls, opera houses 2. seminar/workshop facilities 3. training centers/facilities 4. libraries, museums, exhibition halls and art galleries

5. civic centers, clubhouses, lodges, community centers 6. churches, mosque, temples, shrines, chapels and similar places of worship 7. civic or government centers 8. other types of government buildings

GROUP D GOVERNMENT AND HEALTH SERVICES (INSTITUTIONAL)

Division D-I ( institutional where personal liberties of inmates are restrained or quarters of those rendering public assistance and maintaining peace and order)

1. mental hospitals, sanitaria and mental asylums 2. police and fire stations, guard houses 3. jails, prisons, reformatories and correctional institutions 4. rehabilitation centers 5. leprosaria and quarantine station

Division D-2 (institutional buildings for health care)

1. hospitals, sanitaria and homes for the aged 2. nurseries for children of kindergarten age or non-ambulatory patients accommodating more than 5 persons

Division D-3 (institutional for ambulatory patients or children over kindergarten age)

1. nursing homes for ambulatory patients 2. school and home for children over kindergarten age 3. orphanages

GROUP E BUSINESS AND MERCANTILE (COMMERCIAL)

Division E-I (business and mercantile where no work is done except change of parts and maintenance requiring no open flames, welding or use of highly flammable liquids)

1. all uses in Division B-1 2. gasoline filling and station 3. storage garage and boat storage 4. commercial garage and parking buildings, display for cars, tractors, etc. 5. bus and railways depots and terminals and offices 6. port facilities 7. airports and heliport facilities 8. all other types of transportation complexes 9. all other types of large complexes for public services 10. pawnshops, money shops, photo and portrait studios, shoeshine/repair stands, retail drugstores, tailoring and dress shops 11. bakeshops and bakery goods stores 12. construction supplies and building materials such as electrical and electronic stores, plumbing supply stores

Division E-2 (business and mercantile in nature)

1. wholesale and retail stores 2. shopping centers, malls and supermarkets 3. wet and dry markets

4. restaurants, drinking and dining establishments with less than one hundred occupancies 5. day and night clubs, bars, cocktails

Division E-3 (business and mercantile where no repair work is done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flames, welding or use of highly flammable liquid)

1. aircraft hangars 2. commercial parking lots and garages 3. department stores, shopping malls GROUP F INDUSTRIAL (NON-POLLUTIVE/NON-HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES AND NON-POLLUTIVE/HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES)

Division F-1 (Light industrial) GROUP G STORAGE AND HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL (POLLUTIVE/NONHAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES AND POLLUTIVE/HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES ONLY)

Division G-1 (Medium Industrial which shall include storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable materials)

Division G-2 (Medium Industrial buildings for storage and handling of flammable materials)

Division G-3 (Medium Industrial buildings for wood working activities, paper cardboard manufacturers, textile and garment factories)

Division G-4 (Medium Industrial, for repair garages and engine manufacture)

Division G-5 (Medium Industrial for aircraft facilities) GROUP H ASSEMBLY FOR LESS THAN 1,000 (CULTURAL AND/OR

RECREATIONAL)

Division H-1 (Recreational, which are assembly buildings with stage and having an occupant load of less than 1,000.

1. Theaters and auditoriums 2. concert hall and opera houses 3. convention halls 4. little theater, audio-visual room

Division H-2 (Recreational which are assembly buildings with stage and having an occupant load of 300 or more)

1. dance halls, cabarets, ballrooms 2. skating rinks 3. cockfighting areas

Division H-3 (Recreational which are assembly buildings with stage and having an occupant load of less than 300

1. dance halls, ballrooms 2. skating rinks

GROUP J

Division J-1 agricultural structures

1. sheds 2. barns 3. poultry houses 4. piggeries 5. hatcheries 6. stables 7. greenhouses 8. granaries

Division J-2 Accessory

1. private garages, carports 2. towers and silos, smokestacks and chimneys 3. swimming pools including shower and locker room 4. stages, platforms and similar structures 5. pelota, tennis or basketball courts 6. tombs, mausoleums, niches 7. fence over 1.80 m high 8. steel or concrete tanks 9. aviaries and aquariums and zoo structures 10. banks and record vaults

3. Occupant loads

1. Determination of occupant load the occupant load shall be determined by dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the unit area per occupant set forth in Table VIII.3.1 or in the Architectural Code of the Philippines whichever required more exits. 2. The occupant load of any area having fixed seats shall be determined by the number of fixed seats installed. 4. Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements refer to attached Table VII.5.1

1. In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above shall be considered as one car parking slot. 2. In areas where adequate public parking lots/multi-floor parking garages are available within 200 m of the proposed building, only 30% of parking requirement need to be provided within their premises.

5. Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) 1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed building shall only be as allowed under this Rule 2. TGFA Limitation In Table Vii.6.1. the percentages indicated in the 3rd through 8th columns are the percentages of the Total Lot Area (TLA) that may be used to determine the Allowable Maximum TGFA while the multiplier numbers 3, 5, 12, 18 and 30 represent the number of storeys.

3. The Allowable Maximum TGFA should not exceed the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB). If exceeded, the Allowable Maximum TGFA must be adjusted since the AMVB must always prevail.

6. Allowed Height of Buildings/Structures 1. General. The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building shall be dependent upon the character of use or occupancy, on the type of construction, on end-user population density, light and ventilation, width of road right-of-way, building bulk, off-street cum off-site parking requirements and local land use plan and zoning regulations. 2. The Building Height Limit (BHL) shall only be as allowed under this Rule or under the duly approved city zoning ordinance, whichever is more restrictive (refer to Table VII.7.1) RULE VIII LIGHT AND VENTILATION

1. Definitions 1. Maximum Allowable PERCENTAGE OF SITE OCCUPANCY (PSO) Maximum Allowable Building Footprint (AMBF) divided by Total Lot Area (TLA). Percentage of the maximum allowable enclosed floor area of any building at the ground floor in relation to the TLA. (Table VIII.4.1) 2. Maximum Allowable IMPERVIOUS SURFACE AREA (ISA) percentage of the maximum allowable floor area of any paved, tiled or hardscaped surface at the ground floor in relation to the TLA.

3. Maximum Allowable Construction Area (MACA) the combined total of the Maximum Allowable PSO and the Maximum Allowable ISA. 4. Maximum Allowable Unpaved Surface Area (USA) portion of the lot that shall remain unpaved and reserved for softscaping/planting 5. Total Open Space Within Lot (TOSL) the total open space required for each type of use.

2. General Provisions 1. Every building shall be designed, constructed and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation 2. All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved. 3. No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings, or to create an additional room unless it conforms to the requirements of this Rule. 4. No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would be less than what is prescribed for such building lot.

3. Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) 1. Maximum site occupancy shall be governed by use, type of construction and height of the building and the use, area, nature and location of the site and subject to local zoning requirements.

4. Minimum Requirements for Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL)

1. Group A buildings or Residential 1 (R-!) uses shall follow the minimum yard standards in Table VIII.6.1 to comply with the TOSL.

5. Sizes and dimensions of courts and yards 1. Minimum horizontal dimension of courts and yards shall be not less than two m. all inner courts shall be connected to a street or yard, either by a passageway with a minimum width of 1.20 m or by a door through a room or rooms. 2. Abutments on the side and rear property lines may be allowed provided that the following requirements are first complied with: 1. Open space as prescribed in Tables VIII.5.1 and VIII.6.1 2. Window opening as prescribed in Section 10 3. Firewall with a minimum of two hours fire-resistive rating constructed with a minimum height clearance of 0.40 m above the roof. Fig. VIII.6.1 4. The required open space shall be located totally or distributed anywhere within the lot in such a manner as to provide maximum light and ventilation into the building (Fig. VIII.6.2 to VIII.6.5). 5. Every court shall have a width of not less than 2 m for one or two storey buildings, however this may be reduced to 1.50 m in case of quadruplexes, rowhouses with adjacent courts with an area of not less than 3.00 sq.m. provided that the separation fence shall not be higher than 2.00 m. irregularly-shaped lots may be exempted from having a minimum width of not less than what is required in Table VIII.5.2 and as shown in Figures VIII.6.6, VIII.6.7, VIII.6.8 and VIII.6.9.

6. For buildings of more than two storeys in height, the minimum width of the rear or side court shall be increased at the rate of 300 mm for each additional storey up to the fourteenth storey. For buildings exceeding 14 storeys in height, the required width of the court shall be computed on the basis of 14 storeys.

6. Ceiling Heights 1. Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less than 2.40m. For buildings of more than 1 storey, the minimum ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 m, for the second storey, 2.40 m. and for the succeeding storeys, 2.10 m. Above-stated rooms with natural ventilation shall have ceiling heights of not less than 2.70m. 2. Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height of not less than 1.80 m above and below it.

7. Sizes and Dimension of Rooms 1. Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions shall be as follows: 1. Rooms for human habitation 6.00 sq.m. with a least dimension of 2.00 m. 2. Kitchen 3.00 sq. m. with a least dimension of 1.50 m. 3. Bath and Toilet 1.20 sq. m. with a least dimension of 900mm.

8. Window Openings 1. Rooms intended for any use not provided with artificial ventilation shall be provided with a window with a total free area equal to at least 10% of the floor

area of the room but not less than 1.00 sq.m. Toilet and bath rooms and laundry rooms shall be provided with window with an area not less than 1/20 of the floor area but not less than 240 sq.mm. Such windows shall open directly to a court, yard, public street or alley or open watercourse. 2. Eaves, canopies, awnings over required windows shall not be less than 750 mm from the side and rear property lines. 3. There shall absolutely be no openings on/at/within/through all types of abutments (firewalls) erected along property lines except for permitted vent wells (3.00 m x 1.50 m).

9. Roads Right-of-Way (RROW) Access Streets

9.1 No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to public space, yard or street/road on at least 1 of its sides. All buildings shall face a public street, alley or a road.

RULE 1X SANITATION

1. All buildings shall be provided with adequate and potable water supply, plumbing installation and suitable wastewater treatment or disposal system, storm water drainage, pest and vermin control, noise abatement device and other measures for protection and promotion of health of persons occupying the premises and others living nearby.

RULE X BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREET

1. Footings and foundations may be permitted to project into alleys or streets provided the same shall not obstruct any existing utilities/services such as power, water, sewer, gas, communication, and drainage lines 2. The horizontal clearance between the outermost edge of marquee and the curb line shall be not less than 300 mm while the vertical clearance shall be not less than 3.00 m.

RULE

XI PROTECTION

OF

PEDESTRIANS

DURING

CONSTRUCTION

OR

DEMOLITION

1. No person shall use or occupy a street, alley or public sidewalk for the performance of work covered by a building permit except in accordance with the provisions of this Rule.

RULE XII GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

1. All buildings shall be placed in or upon private property or duly designated public land and shall be securely constructed in conformance with the requirements of this Code.

RULE XIII ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS

RULE XIX THE USE OF COMPUTERS

RULE XX SIGNS

RULE

XXI BUILDINGS

AND

OTHER

ACCESSORY

STRUCTURES

WITHIN

CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL PARKS

RULE XXII DESIGN OF PUBLIC BUILDINS/STRUCTURES

RULE XXIII FINAL PROVISION

FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1185

WHEREAS, death and injury to persons and loss and damage to property by fire have reached alarming proportion that the economic and social gains of the society are being continually undermined;

WHEREAS, in order to effect a meaningful reduction of the alarming fire losses, there is a need to develop national consciousness and involvement of all persons in the prevention and suppression of fires;

WHEREAS, fire prevention and suppression require the adoption of uniform fire safety standards, the incorporation of fire safety construction and provision of protective and safety devices in buildings and structures;

WHEREAS, there is an urgent need for an agency primarily responsible for the implementation and coordination of the activities of all sectors of society on fire safety, prevention and suppression;

WHEREAS, in order to effectively implement all efforts to minimize the occurrence of fires and their destructive effects, full financial, equipment and personnel support by the government and the private sector is necessary;

NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order and decree as part of the law of the land the following:

Section 1. Title. This Decree and the Rules and Regulations for its implementation shall be known as the "Fire Code of the Philippines" and shall hereinafter be referred to as the "Fire Code".

Section 2. Declaration Of Policies. The following are declared policies of the State:

(a) The government, with the cooperation of the private sector, shall develop and promulgate sets of standards and regulations taking into consideration the latest development in fire technology suitable to Philippine conditions;

(b) Fire prevention and fire safety shall be given equal, if not greater emphasis as the suppression or extinguishment of fires. Fire prevention education shall be undertaken continuously involving all sectors of the community;

(c) The Fire Service of the Integrated National Police shall endeavor to respond to all fires before they reach critical and conflagration stages. Towards this end, the organization, administration and operation of the Fire Service shall be improved and developed, its personnel and equipment augmented and effective fire alarm systems set up; and

(d) The Fire Service shall be professionalized. For this purpose, educational institutions shall endeavor to include in their curricula, courses on fire technology and fire protection engineering.

Section 3. Definition Of Terms. As used in this Fire Code, the following words and phrases shall mean and be construed as indicated:

ABATEMENT Any act that would remove or neutralize a fire hazard.

ADMINISTRATOR Any person who acts as agent of the owner and manages the use of a building for him.

BLASTING AGENT Any material or mixture consisting of a fuel and oxidizer used to set off explosives.

CELLULOSE NITRATE OR NITRO CELLULOSE A highly combustible and explosive compound produced by the reaction of nitric acid with a cellulose material.

CELLULOSE NITRATE PLASTIC (PYROXYLIN) Any plastic substance, materials or compound having cellulose nitrate (nitro cellulose) as base.

COMBUSTIBLE, FLAMMABLE OR INFLAMMABLE Descriptive of materials that are easily set on fire.

COMBUSTIBLE FIBER Any readily ignitable and free burning fiber such as cotton, oakum, rags, waste cloth, waste paper, kapok, hay, straw, Spanish moss, excelsior and other similar materials commonly used in commerce.

COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID Any liquid having a flash point at or above 37.8_C (100_F).

CORROSIVE LIQUID Any liquid which causes fire when in contact with organic matter or with certain chemicals.

CURTAIN BOARD A vertical panel of non-combustible or fire resistive materials attached to and extending below the bottom chord of the roof trusses, to divide the underside of the roof into separate compartments so that heat and smoke will be directed upwards to a roof vent.

CRYOGENIC Descriptive of any material which by its nature or as a result of its reaction with other elements produces a rapid drop in temperature of the immediate surroundings.

DAMPER A normally open device installed inside an air duct system which automatically closes to restrict the passage of smoke or fire.

DISTILLATION The process of first raising the temperature in separate the more volatile from the less volatile parts and then cooling and condensing the resulting vapor so as to produce a nearly purified substance.

DUCT SYSTEM A continuous passageway for the transmission of air.

DUST A finely powdered substance which, when mixed with air in the proper proportion and ignited will cause an explosion.

ELECTRICAL ARC An extremely hot luminous bridge formed by passage of an electric current across a space between two conductors or terminals due to the incandescence of the conducting vapor.

EMBER A hot piece or lump that remains after a material has partially burned, and is still oxidizing without the manifestation of flames.

FINISHES Materials used as final coating of a surface for ornamental or protective purposes.

FIRE The active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion.

FIRE TRAP A building unsafe in case of fire because it will burn easily or because it lacks adequate exits or fire escapes.

FIRE ALARM Any visual or audible signal produced by a device or system to warm the occupants of the building or fire fighting elements of the presence or danger of fire to enable them to undertake immediate action to save life and property and to suppress the fire.

FIRE DOOR A fire resistive door prescribed for openings in fire separation walls or partitions.

FIRE HAZARD Any condition or act which increases or may cause an increase in the probability of the occurrence of fire, or which may obstruct, delay, hinder or interfere with fire fighting operations and the safeguarding of life and property.

FIRE LANE The portion of a roadway or publicway that should be kept opened and unobstructed at all times for the expedient operation of fire fighting units.

FIRE PROTECTIVE AND FIRE SAFETY DEVICE Any device intended for the protection of buildings or persons to include but not limited to built-in protection system such as sprinklers and other automatic extinguishing system, detectors for heat, smoke and combustion products and other warning system components, personal protective equipment such as fire blankets,

helmets, fire suits, gloves and other garments that may be put on or worn by persons to protect themselves during fire.

FIRE SAFETY CONSTRUCTIONS Refers to design and installation of walls, barriers, doors, windows, vents, means of egress, etc. integral to and incorporated into a building or structure in order to minimize danger to life from fire, smoke, fumes or panic before the building is evacuated. These features are also designed to achieve, among others, safe and rapid evacuation of people through means of egress sealed from smoke or fire, the confinement of fire or smoke in the room or floor of origin and delay their spread to other parts of the building by means of smoke sealed and fire resistant doors, walls and floors. It shall also mean to include the treatment of buildings components or contents with flame retardant chemicals.

FLASH POINT The minimum temperature at which any material gives off vapor in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air.

FORCING A process where a piece of metal is heated prior to changing its shape or dimensions.

FULMINATE A kind of stable explosive compound which explodes by percussion.

HAZARDOUS OPERATION/PROCESS Any act of manufacturing, fabrication, conversion, etc., that uses or produces materials which are likely to cause fires or explosions.

HORIZONTAL EXIT Passageway from one building to another or through or around a wall in approximately the same floor level.

HOSE BOX A box or cabinet where fire hoses, valves and other equipment are stored and arranged for fire fighting.

HOSE REEL A cylindrical device turning on an axis around which a fire hose is wound and connected.

HYPERGOLIC FUEL A rocket or liquid propellant which consist of combinations of fuels and oxidizers which ignite spontaneously on contact with each other.

INDUSTRIAL BAKING AND DRYING The industrial process of subjecting materials to heat for the purpose of removing solvents or moisture from the same, and/or to fuse certain chemical salts to form a uniform glazing the surface of materials being treated.

JUMPER A piece of metal or an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device in an electrical system.

OCCUPANCY The purpose for which a building or portion thereof is used or intended to be used.

OCCUPANT Any person actually occupying and using a building or portions thereof by virtue of a lease contract with the owner or administrator or by permission or sufferance of the latter.

ORGANIC PEROXIDE A strong oxidizing organic compound which releases oxygen readily. It causes fire when in contact with combustible materials especially under conditions of high temperature.

OVERLOADING The use of one or more electrical appliances or devices which draw or consume electrical current beyond the designed capacity of the existing electrical system.

OWNER The person who holds the legal right of possession or title to a building or real property.

OXIDIZING MATERIAL A material that readily yields oxygen in quantities sufficient to stimulate or support combustion.

PRESSURIZED OR FORCED DRAFT BURNING EQUIPMENT Type or burner where the fuel is subjected to pressure prior to discharge into the combustion chamber and/or which includes fans or other provisions for the introduction of air at above normal atmosphere pressure into the same combustion chamber.

PUBLIC ASSEMBLY BUILDING Any building or structure where fifty (50) or more people congregate, gather, or assemble for any purpose.

PUBLIC WAY Any street, alley or other strip of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky, deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated for public use.

PYROPHORIC Descriptive of any substance that ignites spontaneously when exposed to air.

REFINING A process where impurities and/or deleterious materials are removed from a mixture in order to produce a pure element of compound. It shall also refer to partial distillation and electrolysis.

SELF-CLOSING DOORS Automatic closing doors that are designed to confine smoke and heat and delay the spread of fire.

SMELTING Melting or fusing of metallic ores or compounds so as to separate impurities from pure metals.

SPRINKLER SYSTEM An integrated network of hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure or area with outlets arranged in a systematic pattern which automatically discharges water when activated by heat or combustion products from a fire.

STANDPIPE SYSTEM A system of vertical pipes in a building to which fire hoses can be attached on each floor, including a system by which water is made available to the outlets as needed.

VESTIBULE A passage hall or antechamber between the outer doors and the interior parts of a house or building.

VERTICAL SHAFT An enclosed vertical space of passage that extends from floor to floor, as well as from the base to the top of the building.

Section 4. Applicability Of The Code. The provisions of the Fire Code shall apply to all persons and all private and public buildings, facilities or structures erected or constructed before and after its effectivity.

Section 5. Grace Period. The owner, administrator or occupant of buildings or structures existing at the time of the effectivity of the Fire Code is given two (2) years to comply with the provisions thereof on fire safety constructions and on protective and warning systems. However, the Director General of the Integrated National Police may prescribe a shorter period depending upon the degree of hazard to be recorded and the cost and extent of the work to be done.

Section 6. Responsibility for the Enforcement of this Code. The Fire Service, under the direct supervision and control of the Director General of the Integrated National Police, hereinafter referred to as the "Director General" shall be responsible for the enforcement of this Code, as well as pertinent provisions of other laws pertaining to fire protection or fire safety. With the approval of the Secretary of National Defense, the Director General is hereby authorized to:

(a) Issue implementing rules and regulations, and prescribe administrative penalties therefore;

(b) Reorganize the Fire Service of the Integrated National Police as may be necessary and appropriate;

(c) Enter into long term agreement, either through public biddings or negotiations to include advance payments therefor, for the acquisition of fire prevention, fire protection and fire fighting equipment, supplies and materials and related technical services necessary for the Fire Service; and

(d) Enter into Memoranda of Agreement with other departments, bureaus, agencies, offices and corporations of the government, as well as private institutions, in order to define areas of corporation and coordination and delineate responsibility on fire prevention education, fire safety, fire prevention, fire suppression and other matters of common concern.

Section 7. Technical Staff. The Director General shall constitute a technical staff of highly qualified persons who are knowledgeable on fire prevention, fire safety, and fire suppression. They may be drawn not only from the organic members of the Integrated National Police and

other government offices and agencies, but also from other sources. In the latter case, they will either be appointed into the service or hired as consultants in accordance with law. The technical staff shall study, review and evaluate latest developments and standards on fire technology; prepare plans/programs on fire safety, prevention and suppression and evaluate implementation thereof; develop programs on the professionalization of the fire service; coordinate with appropriate government and private institutions for the offering of college courses on fire technology and fire protection engineering; propose amendments to the Fire Code; advise the Director General on any matter brought to his attention; and perform such other functions as directed on any matter brought to his attention and perform such other functions as directed by higher authorities.

Section 8. Inspections, Safety Measures, Fire Safety, Constructions, and Protective and/or Warning Systems. As may be defined and provided in the Rules and Regulations, owners, administrators or occupants of buildings, structures and their premises or facilities and other responsible persons shall be required to comply with the following, as may be appropriate:

a. Inspection Requirement A fire safety inspection shall be conducted by the Director General or his duly authorized representative as prerequisite to the grants of permits and/or licenses by local governments and other government agencies concerned, for the:

(1) Use or occupancy of buildings, structures, facilities or their premises including the installation or fire protection and fire safety equipment, and electrical system in any building structure or facility;

(2) Storage, handling and/or use of explosives or of combustible, flammable, toxic and other hazardous materials;

b. Safety Measures for Hazardous Materials Fire safety measures shall be required for the manufacture, storage, handling and/or use of hazardous materials involving:

(1) Cellulose nitrate plastic of any kind;

(2) Combustible fibers;

(3) Cellular materials such as foam, rubber, sponge rubber and plastic foam;

(4) Flammable and combustible liquids or gases of any classification;

(5) Flammable paints, varnishes, stains and organic coatings;

(6) High-piled or widely spread combustible stock;

(7) Metallic magnesium in any form;

(8) Corrosive liquids, oxidizing materials, organic peroxide, nitromethane, ammonium nitrate, or any amount of highly toxic, pyrophoric, hypergolic, or cryogenic materials or poisonous gases as well as material compounds which when exposed to heat or flame become a fire conductor, or generate excessive smoke or toxic gases;

(9) Blasting agents, explosives and special industrial explosive materials, blasting caps, black powder, liquid nitro-glycerine, dynamite, nitro cellulose, fulminates of any kind, and plastic explosives containing ammonium salt or chlorate;

(10) Fireworks materials of any kind or form;

(11) Matches in commercial quantities;

(12) Hot ashes, live coals and embers;

(13) Mineral, vegetable or animal oils and other derivatives/by products;

(14) Combustible waste materials for recycling or resale;

(15) Explosive dusts and vapors; and

(16) Agriculture, forest, marine or mineral products which may undergo spontaneous combustion.

c. Safety measures for hazardous operation/processes Fire Safety measures shall be required for the following hazardous operation/processes:

(1) Welding or soldering;

(2) Industrial baking and drying;

(3) Waste disposal;

(4) Pressurized/forced-draft burning equipment;

(5) Smelting and forging;

(6) Motion picture projection using electrical arc lamps;

(7) Refining, distillation and solvent extraction; and

(8) Such other operations or processes as may hereafter be prescribed in the Rules and Regulations.

d. Provision on Fire Safety Construction, Protective and Warning System Owners, occupants or administrator or buildings, structures and their premises or facilities, except such other buildings or structures as may be exempted in the rules and regulations to be promulgated under Section 6 hereof, shall incorporate and provide therein fire safety construction, protective and warning system, and shall develop and implement fire safety programs, to wit:

(1) Fire protection features such as sprinkler systems, hose boxes, hose reels or standpipe systems and other fire fighting equipment;

(2) Fire Alarm systems;

(3) Fire walls to separate adjoining buildings, or warehouses and storage areas from other occupancies in the same building;

(4) Provisions for confining the fire at its source such as fire resistive floors and walls extending up to the next floor slab or roof, curtain boards and other fire containing or stopping components;

(5) Termination of all exits in an area affording safe passage to a public way or safe dispersal area;

(6) Stairway, vertical shafts, horizontal exits and other meals of egress sealed from smoke and heat;

(7) A fire exit plan for each floor of the building showing the routes from each other room to appropriate exits, displayed prominently on the door of such room;

(8) Self-closing fire resistive doors leading to corridors;

(9) Fire dampers in centralized air-conditioning ducts;

(10) Roof vents for use by fire fighters; and

(11) Properly marked and lighted exits with provision for emergency lights to adequately illuminate exit ways in case of power failure.

Section 9. Prohibited Acts. The following are declared as prohibited act and omission.

(a) Obstructing or blocking the exit ways or across to buildings clearly marked for fire safety purposes, such as but not limited to aisles in interior rooms, any part of stairways, hallways, corridors, vestibules, balconies or bridges leading to a stairway or exit of any kind, or tolerating or allowing said violations;

(b) Constructing gates, entrances and walkways to buildings components and yards which obstruct the orderly and easy passage of fire fighting vehicles and equipment;

(c) Prevention, interference or obstruction of any operation of the Fire Service, or of duly organized and authorized fire brigades;

(d) Obstructing designated fire lanes or access to fire hydrants;

(e) Overcrowding or admission of persons beyond the authorized capacity in movie houses, theaters, coliseums, auditoriums or other public assembly buildings, except in other assembly areas on the ground floor with open sides or open doors sufficient to provide safe exits;

(f) Locking fire exits during period when people are inside the building;

(g) Prevention or obstruction of the automatic closure of fire doors or smoke partitions or dampers;

(h) Use of fire protective of fire fighting equipment of the Fire Service other than for fire fighting except in other emergencies where their use are justified;

(i) Giving false or malicious fire alarms;

(j) Smoking in prohibited areas as may be determined by Fire Service, or throwing of cigars, cigarettes, burning objects in places which may start or cause fire;

(k) Abandoning or leaving a building or structure by the occupant or owner without appropriate safety measures;

(l) Removing. destroying, tampering or obliterating any authorized mark, seal, sign or tag posted or required by the Fire Service for fire safety in any building, structure or processing equipment; and

(m) Use of jumpers or tampering with electrical wiring or overloading the electrical system beyond its designated capacity or such other practices that would tend to undermine the fire safety features of the electrical system.

Section 10. Abatement of Fire Hazard. Fire hazards shall be abated immediately. For this purpose, the Director General or his duly authorized representative may issue order for such abatement. If the owner, administrator or occupant of buildings, structure and their premises or facilities does not abate the same within the period fixed in said order, the occupancy permit or permit to operate shall be canceled. Any building or structure declared as a firetrap or is causing clear and present fire danger to adjoining establishments and habitations shall be declared a public nuisance, as defined in the Civil Code of the Philippines. If the assessed value of the building or structure is not more than twenty thousand (P20,000.00) pesos, the owner, administrator or occupant thereof shall abate the hazard within thirty (30 days or if the assessed value is more than twenty thousand (P20,000.00) pesos, within sixty (60) days from receipt of the order declaring said building or structure a public nuisance; otherwise, the Director General or his duly authorized representative shall forthwith cause its summary abatement. Summary abatement as used herein shall mean all corrective measures undertaken to abate hazards which shall include but not limited to remodeling, repairing, strengthening, reconstructing, removal and demolition, either partial or total, of the building or structure. The expenses incurred by the

government for such summary abatement shall be borne by the owner, administrator or occupant. These expenses shall constitute a prior lien upon such property.

Section 11. Enforcement of The Lien. If the owner, administrator or occupant fails to reimburse the government of the expenses incurred in the summary abatement within ninety (90) days from the completion of such abatement, the building or structure shall be sold at public auction in accordance with existing laws and rules. No property subject of lien under Section 10 hereof, may be sold at a price lower than the abatement expenses incurred by the government. The property shall be forfeited in favor of the government if the highest bid is not at least equal to the abatement expenses.

Section 12. Penalties.

(a) ADMINISTRATIVE FINE Any person who violates any provision of the Fire Code or any of the rules and regulations promulgated under Section 6 hereof shall be penalized by an administrative fine of not exceeding twelve thousand (P12,000.00) pesos or in the proper case, by stoppage of operations or by closure of such buildings, structures and their premises or facilities which do not comply with the requirements or by both such administrative fine and closure/stoppage of operation to be imposed by the Director General, Provided, That the payment of the fine, stoppage of operations and/or closure of such buildings, structures, and their premises or facilities shall not absolve the violator from correcting the deficiency or abating the fire hazard. The decision of the Director General, under this subsection, may be appealed to the Secretary of National Defense, within fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of the order imposing the administrative

fine, stopping the operations and/or closure. The decision of the Secretary of National Defense shall be final and executory.

(b) PUNITIVE In case of willful failure to correct the deficiency or abate the fire hazard as provided in the preceding subsection, the violator shall, upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years, or by a fine of not more than twenty thousand (P20,000.00) pesos or both such fine and imprisonment; Provided, however, that in case of a corporation, firm, partnership or association, the fine and/or imprisonment shall be imposed upon its officials responsible for such violation, and in case the guilty party is an alien, in addition to the penalties herein prescribed, he shall immediately be deported; Provided, finally, that were the violation is attended by loss of life and/or damage to property, the violator shall be proceeded against under the applicable provisions of the Revised Penal Code.

Section 13. Appropriation and Sources of Income.

(a) To support the manpower, infrastructure and equipment needs of the Fire Service of the Integrated National Police, the sum of one hundred million (P100,000,000.00) pesos is hereby appropriated. Thereafter, the same of such amount as may be necessary to attain the objectives of the Fire Code shall be appropriated and included in the annual appropriation of the Integrated National Police for the next ten (10) years.

(b) To partially provide for the funding of the Fire Service the following taxes and fees which shall accrue to the General Fund of the National Government, are hereby imposed:

(1) Fees to be charged for the issuance of certificates, permits and licenses as provided for in Section 8 (a) hereof;

(2) One-tenth of one per centum (0.1%) of the verified estimated value of buildings or structures to be erected, from the owner thereof, but not to exceed fifty thousand (P50,000.00) pesos, one half to be paid prior to the issuance of the building permit, and the balance, after final inspection and prior to the issuance of the use and occupancy permit;

(3) One-hundredth of one per centum (0.10%) of the assessed value of buildings or structures annually payable upon payment of the real estate tax, except on structures used as single family dwellings;

(4) Two per centum (2%) of all premiums, excluding re-insurance premiums for the sale of fire, earthquake and explosion hazard insurance collected by companies, persons or agents licensed to sell such insurances in the Philippines;

(5) Two per centum (2%) of gross sales of companies, persons or agents selling fire fighting equipment, appliances or devices, including hazard detection and warning systems; and

(6) Two per centum (2%) of the service fees received from fire, earthquake, and explosion hazard preinsurance surveys and post loss service of insurance adjustment companies doing business in the Philippines directly through agents.

Section 14. Collection of Taxes, Fees and Fines. All taxes, fees and fines provided in Section 13 hereof, shall be collected by the City or Municipal Treasurer concerned for remittance to the National Treasury.

Section 15. Separability Clause. If any provision of this Code or the application of such provisions to any person or circumstance is declared unconstitutional, the remainder of the Code or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.

Section 16. Repealing Clause. Provisions of Presidential Decree No. 442, otherwise known as the Labor Code of the Philippines, as amended and Presidential Decree No. 1096, otherwise known as the National Building Code and other laws, decrees, orders or regulations in conflict or inconsistent with the provisions of this Fire Code are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.

Section 17. Effectivity. This Fire Code and its Rules and Regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days after their publication in newspapers of general circulation.

Done in the City of Manila, this 26th day of August, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and seventy-seven.

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REFERENCES
TIME SAVER ARCHITECTURAL HANDBOOK INTERNET NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES ACCESSIBILITY CODE FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES CODE ON SANITATION OF THE PHILIPPINES