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    hw3 Ans

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    Mac Theo
    This homework covers loading effects in sensor devices. It includes 5 questions: 1) Drawing circuit diagrams for a potentiometer sensor and finding its nonlinearity. 2) Giving an example of how a buffer amplifier reduces loading effect. 3) Calculating the measurement error of a pressure transmitter due to loading. 4) Explaining the importance of considering process loading in selecting sensor devices.

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    hw3 Ans

    Uploaded by

    Mac Theo
    66 views4 pages
    This homework covers loading effects in sensor devices. It includes 5 questions: 1) Drawing circuit diagrams for a potentiometer sensor and finding its nonlinearity. 2) Giving an example of how a buffer amplifier reduces loading effect. 3) Calculating the measurement error of a pressure transmitter due to loading. 4) Explaining the importance of considering process loading in selecting sensor devices.

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    This homework covers loading effects in sensor devices. It includes 5 questions: 1) Drawing circuit diagrams for a potentiometer sensor and finding its nonlinearity. 2) Giving an example of how a buffer amplifier reduces loading effect. 3) Calculating the measurement error of a pressure transmitter due to loading. 4) Explaining the importance of considering process loading in selecting sensor devices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    66 views4 pages

    hw3 Ans

    Uploaded by

    Mac Theo
    This homework covers loading effects in sensor devices. It includes 5 questions: 1) Drawing circuit diagrams for a potentiometer sensor and finding its nonlinearity. 2) Giving an example of how a buffer amplifier reduces loading effect. 3) Calculating the measurement error of a pressure transmitter due to loading. 4) Explaining the importance of considering process loading in selecting sensor devices.

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    You are on page 1of 4

    90

    DCN3701/1123
    #3 (Due Monday 4/15 10:00AM )
    This homework covers the contents of Loading Effects of sensor devices.

    1. Potentiometers are frequently used to measure linear or angular displacements; it is
    expected that the output voltage of the sensor circuit is proportional to the
    fractional displacement.
    1). Draw the sensor circuit with a supply voltage V
    s
    and load resistor R
    L.
    5%
    2). Draw the Thevenin equivalent circuit of this sensor system. 5%
    3). Show that the relationship between output voltage V
    L
    and input fraction x is
    nonlinear. 10%
    4). Suppose the lord resistance R
    L
    is 4.7K and we require that the maximum
    nonlinearity of this sensor system is less than 5%, find a suitable potentiometer
    resistance. 10%
    5). If the rated power dissipation is 0.1Watt, and the total angular displacement
    range of the sensor is (3/2) (270), find an expression of the sensitivity of this
    sensor. 10%.

    Ans
    1).
    T
    d
    d
    L
    R
    P
    R
    L
    V
    S
    V

    2).
    x V E
    S Th
    =
    ) 1 ( x x R R
    P Th
    =
    L
    R
    L
    V

    T
    d
    d
    x =
    3).




    output voltage V
    L
    and input fraction x is nonlinear.
    x) (1 R
    1
    x R
    1
    R
    1
    p p th

    + =
    x) - (1 R
    x) 1 (x R
    x x)R - (1 R
    R
    p
    p
    p p
    th
    =
    +
    =
    1 x) (1
    R
    R
    1
    V
    R x) (1 R
    R
    V
    h R R
    R
    E V
    L
    p
    s
    L p
    L
    s
    L
    L
    th L
    +
    =
    +
    =
    + +
    =


    4).

    +
    =
    x) )x(1
    R
    R
    ( 1
    )
    R
    R
    x)( - (1 x
    V N(x)
    L
    p
    L
    p 2
    s


    N(x) has a maximum value of

    1
    R
    R
    if
    L
    p

    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |

    |
    .
    |

    \
    |

    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |

    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |
    =
    1587
    7 . 4 27
    4
    05 . 0
    27
    4
    0.05
    R
    R
    V
    27
    4
    N

    L
    P
    s
    P
    P
    L
    P
    R
    K
    R
    R
    R
    R
    P
    =1.5k

    5).
    V V W
    R
    V
    S
    P
    s
    25 . 12 1500 1 . 0 1 . 0 , V
    dx
    dV
    2
    S
    L
    =
    sensitivity= 12.25/270 = 45.4 mv/


    2. Give an example to show that a buffer amplifier can improve the loading effect of
    a sensor device. 20%

    Ans
    pH glass electrod E
    Th
    =59pHmV Z
    Th
    =R
    Th
    =10
    9
    indicator
    Z
    L
    =R
    L
    =10
    4
    buffer amplifier Z
    in
    =10
    12
    Z
    out
    =10
    (1) pH glass electrod sensor system indicator
    59pH
    mV
    10
    9

    10k VL
    True PH Measure PH
    pHM=VL/59
    Glass pH electrode Indicator

    5.2
    pH
    5
    9 4
    4
    L Th
    L
    Th L M
    10
    59
    1
    10 10
    10
    59
    59
    1
    Z Z
    Z
    E
    59
    1
    V pH


    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |
    +
    =
    +
    = =
    (2) pH glass electrod sensor system indicator buffer amplifier
    unity gain
    59pH
    mV
    10
    12

    10k VL
    True PH Measure PH
    pHM=VL/59
    Glass pH electrode Indicator
    VIN
    VIN
    10
    9
    10

    FET input operational amplifier



    pH 998 . 0
    59
    1
    10 10
    10
    10 10
    10
    59
    59
    1
    V
    4
    4
    9 12
    12
    L M
    =
    +

    +
    = = pH
    (1) (2) (1) loading error -1pH (2)
    loading error -0.002pH buffer amplifier
    loading effect


    3. An electronic differential transmitter gives a current output of 4 to 20 mA linearly
    related to a differential pressure input of 0 to 10
    4
    Pa. The Norton impedance of the
    transmitter is 10
    5
    , The transmitter is connected to an indicator of impedance
    250 via a cable of total resistance 500. The indicator gives a reading between 0
    and 10
    4
    Pa for an input voltage between 1 and 5V. Calculate the system
    measurement error, due to loading, for an input pressure of 5x10
    3
    Pa. 25%

    Ans

    mA
    i
    N
    12 i
    4 20
    20
    0 10
    10 5
    N 4
    3 4
    =

    10

    pp. 73 [5.15]

    R C N
    N
    R N R
    R R R
    R
    R i
    + +
    = V i
    N
    =12mA R
    N
    =10
    5
    R
    C
    =500 R
    R
    =250
    V VR 9777 . 2
    10 500 250
    10
    250 012 . 0
    5
    5
    =
    + +
    =

    Pa
    P
    measure
    25 . 4944 P
    0 10
    10
    1 5
    9777 . 2 5
    measure 4
    4
    =


    system measure error = P
    measure
    - P
    input
    = 4944.25-5000 = -55.75Pa

    4. Taking force sensor as an example, try to explain the importance of process
    loading in the selection of sensor devices in practical applications. 15%

    Ans

    F
    k
    k
    F
    k k
    k
    F
    x k F sensor
    F x k F process
    S
    P
    P S
    S
    S
    S S
    S P
    +
    =
    +
    =

    =
    + =
    1
    1

    F
    S
    F
    k
    S
    >>k
    p
    process loading

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