2 Product Specification

1
DR. STRAUSS MESSTECHNIK GMBH

D-96173 Oberhaid / D-95148 Baunach
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
INFO www.strauss-mess.de
email office@strauss-mess.de
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
Calibration - Diagnosis
www.strauss-mess.de
Measurement Calibration Diagnosis
Product Specification

Impulse Voltage
Test Technique
2
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Performance Progress of Digital Recorder
in the last 16 years
TR-AS 200-12 Kalibrierung bei der PTB / Calibration at
Already in 1987, the first TR-AS 100-8 Digital
Recorder was delivered to customers for h.v.
impulse tests and was therefore the first system with
100 MS/s sampling rate, which fulfilled all
requirements of the IEC 1083-1, published later in
1991.
A short time later in 1989 followed the TR-AS
100-10 Digital Recorder as the leading systems with
100 MS/s sampling rate at 10 Bit resolution which
fulfilled all requirements of IEC 1083-1 in all
respects for comparative measurements, too.
The first competitor system with a sampling rate of
100 MS/s as required in IEC 1083-1 followed with
120 MS/s and 12 Bit resolution years later in 1997,
when we finished the design of the TR-AS 200-12
Digital Recorder with 200 MS/s sampling rate and
12 Bit resolution.
End of 2002 we presented a new designed system
with 200 MS/s and 14 Bit resolution and further
significantly reduced noice.
200 MS/s reduces measuring uncertainty 12 to 14 Bit show details of measured waves
The higher sampling rate of 200 MS/s (5ns sampling intervall instead of 8 or 10 ns) show increased accuracy and
reduced standard deviations for the front time of full impulses as also for the peak and the time-to-chopping at
front chopped impulses during calibration. The influence of the increased resolution from 10 Bit (0.1%) to 12 or 14
Bit (0.006 %) to the resulting overall measuring uncertainty of approx. 0.5% to 0.7% is hereby negligible.
TR-AS 200-14: The static integral non-
linearity INL referred to 14 Bit resolution
shows at 200 MS/s an excellent lapse and
stays signifikant inside the required limits of
0,5% in IEC 1083-1. The INL influences
directly the measuring accuracy as also the
calibration results.
TR-AS 200-14: Differential Nonlinearity
DNL under dynamic conditions referred to
12 Bit resolution. The result with < 0,2 LSB
shown in Figure 5 is significantly below the
limits required in IEC 61083-1 of 0,8 LSB.
+0,5% Limit IEC 1083
-0,5% Limit IEC 1083
Performance progress of Digital Recorder
in the last 16 years
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MS/s, MHz
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Bit
SampleRate MS/s
Bandwidth MHz
Resolution Bit

TR-AS 200
-12
voller Blitzsto/ full wave LI
0,84/60
200 MS/s
abgeschnittener
Blitzsto/ chopped
wave Tc=0,5ms
200 MS/s
Mebereich/
Range
d dT1 dT2 d dTc d dTc
V V % % % V % % V % %
2000 -966,8 -0,3 0,5 -0,2 -740,4 0,1 0,6 -742,0 0,0 -0,2
1600 -966,2 -0,3 0,4 -0,6 -740,5 0,1 0,4
1250 -1000 0,0 1,7 -0,7 -741,8 0,2 0,4
1000 -801,7 0,1 0,7 -0,6 -742,2 0,3 0,4 -742,0 0,3 -0,2
800 -641,6 0,1 0,8 -0,8 -635,7 0,1 0,2
640 -513,0 0,0 0,7 -0,7 -508,5 0,0 0,4 -508,0 0,1 -0,2
500 -400,8 0,0 0,8 -0,7 -397,7 -0,3 0,4
400 -321,0 0,2 0,7 -0,7 -318,1 -0,3 0,4
320 -256,7 0,2 0,8 -0,8 -254,8 0,0 0,4 -255,4 -0,1 0,2
256 -205,2 0,1 0,6 -0,7 -203,4 -0,2 0,8
200 -160,4 0,1 0,4 -0,6 -158,3 -0,4 0,8
160 -128,3 0,1 0,2 -0,6 -127,0 -0,3 0,6
128 -102,7 0,2 0,4 -0,7 -102,3 -0,1 0,8
102 -82,2 0,2 0,7 -0,8 -82,4 0,0 0,8 -82,4 0,2 0,0
80 -64,0 0,2 0,8 -0,9 -64,8 0,0 0,6
80 64,1 0,1 0,5 -0,4 65,1 -0,2 0,8
102 82,2 0,2 0,6 -0,3 82,8 -0,1 1,2 82,8 0,1 0,0
128 102,8 0,2 0,5 -0,4 102,7 -0,2 0,6
160 128,4 0,0 0,6 -0,3 127,6 -0,4 0,4
200 160,6 0,1 0,8 -0,3 159,1 -0,4 0,8
256 205,5 0,1 0,7 -0,5 204,3 -0,4 0,8
320 256,9 0,1 0,8 -0,5 255,7 -0,3 1,0 256,8 -0,2 0,2
400 321,3 0,1 1,0 -0,3 319,2 -0,3 0,6
500 401,2 -0,1 1,1 -0,3 399,5 -0,3 0,8
640 513,7 0,0 1,0 -0,4 511,3 -0,2 0,8 512,0 0,0 0,0
800 642,1 -0,1 0,4 -0,3 638,7 -0,1 0,8
1000 803,1 0,0 0,7 -0,2 747,1 0,2 0,8 748,0 0,1 -0,2
1250 1000,3 -0,2 1,1 -0,4 747,4 0,3 1,0
1600 968,6 -0,2 0,4 -0,6 745,9 0,1 0,8
2000 969,7 -0,1 0,4 -0,4 747,3 0,3 1,0 748,0 0,1 0,0
abgeschnittener
Blitzsto chopped
wave Tc=0,5ms
1 GS/s Oversampling
3
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
The well-established Impulse Voltage
Measuring Systems TR-AS, including
the digital recorders from our own
development and manufacturing, were
further developed consequently and now
feature improved sampling rates up to
200 MS/s in real-time with 14 Bit
resolution simultaneously in up to 16
measuring channels.
The new developed composit A/D-
converter hardware system generates
raw data with up to 14 Bit resolution
together with the highest available
sampling rate of 200 MS/s today and
optionally 400 MS/s with 10 to 12 Bit
resolution is available for steep i.v. tests.
The high sampling rate of 200 MS/s and
the high bandwidth of 50 MHz show
increased accuracy and reduced
Digital Impulse Voltage Measuring Systems
TR-AS 60-10/12 / 100-10/12 / 200-12/14 (400-12)
Highest performance with up to 200 MS/s sampling rate and
12 to 14 Bit resolution simultaneously in all channels
Measuring Rack MIRA 25
Compact design with all components
including printer inside the rack
easy to move inside the test field
all sensitive connections inside the rack
(keyboard, display, printer) are well shielded
17 or 19 large TFT-Display
Keyboard with touchpad in drawer
Wireless keyboard and mouse optional
Laser Printer in drawer
Measuring rack mount with 1 to 4 channels
each with:
Direct input 100 mV to 10 V on front
Input 12 V to 2000 V on front
Measuring line bushings to the rear
Suitable for i.v. tests and calibrations in the
test field with high electromagnetic
distortions
Dimensions:
approx. 55x65x125 cm (WxDxH)
Weight: approx. 80 kg
Desktop-Housing DERA 6
Compact design for i.v. tests and
calibrations in the test field and on site with
connection to printer and fileserver via
glassfibre LAN
12 TFT Color Display
Keyboard with touchpad in drawer
each with
Direct input 100 mV to 10 V on rear
Input 12 V to 2000 V on rear
Dimensions: approx. 55x55x35 cm (WxDxH)
80% input range steps allow finest adaptation to
measuring voltage:
impulse measuring input 2000-1600-1250-1000-800-
640-500-400-320-250-200-160-125-100-80-64-50-40-32-
20-16-12 V
direct input 10-8-6.4-5-4-3.2-2.5-2-1.6-1.25-1-0.8-0.64-
0.5-0.4-0.32-0.25-0.2-0.16-0.12-0.1 V
double overload of inputs guaranted without saturation
effect e.g. at unexpected high impulse current amplitudes
Long-term stable scale factors of all amplifier stages
guaranting stable calibration results for many years
Input adapter for LEMO, C, UHF matching all kinds of
Impulse Voltage Generators from known manufacturers
Uncertainty of 1% (0.7%) for peak and 2% for time
parameter
Noise level of 0.01% and linearity of 0,1 LSB are out-
standing values
Complete Type Test according to IEC 61083 for all
TR-AS digital recorder available since 1993
Works Calibration Certificate or DKD Calibration
Certificate with traceability to National Standards at PTB
Braunschweig
standard deviations for the front time of
full impulses as also for the peak and
the time-to-chopping at front chopped
impulses.
A careful design using sophisticated
programmable logic controllers and
SMT opti mi zes the demandi ng
requirements like high sampling rate,
small risetime, minimized noise, short
settl i ng ti me, smal l measuri ng
uncertainty and good long-term
accuracy.
Thi s resul ts i n nearl y smooth
wa v es hapes wi t hout v i s i bl e
quantization steps and significantly
improves the accuracy of diagnosis
using difference method or transfer
function.
The direct input of the high bandwidth
precision amplifiers with an input
impedance of 1 MOhm allows the
measurement of the step response of
i.v. dividers matching to impedance of
the 2000 V measuring input.
The patented multi-timebase allows
setting of up to 8 individual sampling
rates each with a selectable number of
samples, so individual time profiles can
be generated, e.g. a profile similar to
an exponential timebase.
As an option, for multichannel
applications in the high power test field,
the sampling rate of each individual
channel can be indepently selected.
With this option fast transients and
slow events can be recorded with
Common Features of TR-AS:
TR-AS and WinTR-AS are registered trademarks of DR. STRAUSS
4
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Digital Impulse Voltage Measuring Systems
TR-AS 60-10-12 / 100-10-12 / 200-12-14 / 400-12
Remote Control Digital Recorder TR-AS RC
The TR-AS RC digital recorders are designed for recording task only. The WinTR-AS software installed
on an external control computer overtakes all control functions of the test procedure via the LAN with:
Setting and arming the TR-AS RC, transfer of the raw data after recording, evaluation and display of
shapes, saving the records in the database, generating the test record and printing to any network printer.
This new designed measuring technique of network controlled digital recorders gives the possibility for applications were
measuring channels are distributed in large test fields, in control rooms on-site or anywhere around the world via Internet.
The following example show how to reduce earthing problems in a very large transformer testfield
TR-AS RC with 1 to 4 measuring channels
located closed to the test field
Control Computer - Laptop PC
inside the control room
TR-AS RC Remote Control
Housing
for connection via LAN (green) to the host
computer (PC or Laptop)
with brackets for building into any 19
measuring rack or for using on the desk
Direct input 100 mV to 10 V
Measuring Input 12 V to 2000 V
suitable for i.v. tests and calibrations in the
test field and on-site
Dimensions: appr. 50x55x20 cm (WxDxH)
The left picture shows the typical arrangement
of the voltage and current measuring circuit
with a measuring system TR-AS or TR-AS
RC for voltage and current with the known
Earthing Problem:
I.V. Generator, chopping gap and i.v. divider
have with respect to the Test Object a
different ground potential. During the impulse
test ground currents are flowing over the
coaxial shield of the measuring lines which
cause distortions in voltage and current lapse.
The right picture show the suggested
arrangement with the solved earthing
problems using two separate remote
controlled TR-AS RC digital recorder for
voltage and current measurement.
Both digital recorders are controlled from the
control computer with installed WinTR-AS
software which joins the records of voltage
and current to one common record.
Working Desk with Measuring Rack MIRA 12
for installation of 19 measuring rack mount, for reducing of
electromagnetic interferences into the neccesary connection
cables and disturbances caused hereby, with complete as-
sembly of the offered components, with additional mains filter,
approx. dimensions: Table 160 x 80 x 75 cm, MIRA 55 x 60 x
70 cm (WxDxH)
Industrial PC Control Computer
19 TFT display, Color Laserprinter, Keyboard and Mouse,
connected to the TR-AS digital recorder via fibre-optic LAN
TR-AS RC Remote Control Housing
with brackets for building into any 19 measuring rack or for
using on the desk
Direct input 100 mV to 10 V
Measuring Input 12 V to 2000 V
for connection via LAN to the host computer (PC or Laptop)
Input Connection Unit
For easy connection of measuring cables without or
with Terminating Resisstor for current measurements
5
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Technical Data of Digital Recorder
TR-AS 60-8-10-12 / 100-8-10-12 / 200-12-14 / 400-12
1) 100 MS/s systems available also with 60 and 25 MS/s max. sampling rate
2) referenced to 12 Bit (according to IEC 1083-1)
3) 400 MS/s with terminated input only
Input Stage values in brackets on
request (reference systems)
No. Measuring Channels 1 .. 4
Measuring input, single ended N-type / LEMO optional
Measuring range for impulse 12 - 2000 V
Bandwidth analogue (-3dB) DC - 50 MHz (70 MHz)
Risetime 7 ns (5 ns)
Input test voltage 0.1/2000 us 3.5 kV
Input impedance 1 MOhm / 30 pF
Direct measuring input 65 mV - 10 V, BNC
Bandwidth analogue (-3dB) DC - 70 MHz
Risetime 5 ns
Input Settings Factor 1.2
automatically controled 23 Stages
Internal Noise Level < 0.1%
Interferences < 0.1%

Record Interval
at sampling rate 200 MS/s 1.25 / 2,5 / 5 ms
at sampling rate 100 MS/s 2.5 / 5 / 10 ms
at sampling rate 5 MS/s 52 / 104 / 209 ms

Trigger
channels single, OR-connected yes
internal level pos. and neg. level
internal dynamic (deviation) pos. and neg. dU/dt
external 5 - 200 V, BNC

Selftest and Calibration check memory, scale factor and
risetime

Limits on overall errors according to all applicable
Standards (IEC 1083, IEC
60, IEEE 1122, IEEE 4, ... )
Impulse scale factor
constancy in time interval 0.25-1.0 s
and 0.42 s upto >20 ms
1%
uncertainty < 0.5%

lightning and switching i.v., full and
standard chopped, impulse current

peak value 1% (0.7% optional)
time parameter 2%

front chopped voltage 1.2/50 s
peak value, Tc=0.5s 1.5% (1% optional)
time-to-chopping, Tc=0.5s 3% (2% optional)

Evaluation WinTRAS - Software
shape, accuracy: according to IEC-61083-2
automatic meancurve calculation ON/OFF selectable
manual evaluation ON/OFF selectable

Calibration Interval every 2 to 4 years
recommended
Control and Evaluating System
Personal Computer state of the art, e.g. 2 GHz CPU, 1GB
RAM, Harddisk 80 GByte, Diskdrive 3,5", CD/DVD-RW,
Color-Laserprinter, Streamer, Glassfibre-Netconnection,...
Power: Voltage 230 V +10%/-20%, (optional 100/115 V),
Frequency 50-60 Hz, Power 400 VA
Environmental: Ambient Temp +5...+40C, Humidity
0...90%, non condensating
Technical data and design subject to change without notice.
Alternative design on request.

Application
Approved and reference measuring systems
in high-voltage and high-power tests
precise steep impulse measurement
simultan multichannel systems
dynamic tests
fourier-analyses
quality control ..

DKD-Calibration
The measuring systems can be calibrated in our DKD
Calibration Laboratory accreditated by the PTB. The
Calibration Laboratory issues DKD-Calibration Certificates
which documents the traceability to National Standards.
Type Test Report TR-AS 100-10
Since 01.08.1993 a complete type test report according to
IEC 1083-1 is available for the digital impulse voltage
measuring system TR-AS 100-10 which is designed as an
approved, reference or reference standard measuring
system.
Type Test Report TR-AS 200-14
The new family with TR-AS 100-12 to TR-AS 200-14
consequently continue developed show improved
performance. The excellent overall performance makes
them the most sophisticated system today available for
comparative measurements during transformer tests.
A complete family of digital recorders!
Digital Recorder 100 -8
1)
100 -10
1)
100/200 -12 400 -12
3)
200 -14
Rated resolution of output data (Bit /
%)
8 / 0.4 10 / 0.1 12 / 0.025 12 / 0.025 14 / 0.006
Static integral non-linearity (%) 0.5 0.25 0.2 0.2 0.1
Static differential non-linearity 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3
Dynamic differential non-linearity 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
2)

Sampling rate selectable 2.5 kHz-400 MS/s 2.5 kHz-200 MS/s
Sampling interval uncertainty 0.1 ns
Non-linearity of Quarz Time Base 0.01%
Record Length (standard/optional) 262144 / 512K / 1M
No. of Timebase 2 to 8 selectable
Timebase Recording Mode A-B-C-...H-Sequence
2.5 kHz - 25 / 60 / 100 / 200 MS/s
1)

6
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Desktop-Housing DERA 6
Measuring rack mount with
10.4 or 12 TFT -Colordisplay
PC 1,2 GHz, 256 MB RAM, WindowsXP, 30 GB
harddisc, CD-RW etc.
Keyboard with trackball in drawer
suitable shielding for high EMC

Dimensions: approx. 55x55x40 cm (BxDxH)
Environmental: Ambient Temp +5...+40C, Humidity
10...90%, non condensating

Rear view: TR-AS 10-12/8-32
8 analogue channels with BNC-input
optional: Isolating amplifier with 2 or 7kV isolation a.c.
32 digital channels with 2 kV optical isolation,
multicontact connectors
Connection for Calibrator control, Printer, COM,
Network, external SVGA-monitor
Mains filter, efficient Fan
Technical data and design subject to change without
notice. Alternative design on request.
10 / 25 / 40 / 60 / 100 MS/s sampling rate and 12 Bit Resolution
Applications:
Complexe and precise impulse measuring
with simultan multi-channel system
High-power testfield
Switchgear test
Monitoring recorder
Protection relay test
Quality control
Measurements in developement and
testfield, ...

DKD-Calibration
The measuring systems can be calibrated in our DKD
Calibration Laboratory accreditated by the PTB. The
Calibration Laboratory issues DKD-Calibration
Certificates which documents the traceability to
National Standards.
Digital Recorder TR-AS 10/25/40-12
Analog-Digital-Converter
Resolution 12 Bit / 0.025 %
Linearity 1/2 (2) LSB
Filter-Frequency 5 MHz / 500 / 50 kHz
Sampling Rate (simultan, realtime) 0.5 kS/s - 10 MS/s
Sampling Rate (simultan, realtime) 25 / 40 MS/s optional
No. of Timebase 2 to 8 selectable
Timebase Recording Mode A-B-C-...H-Sequence
Record Length (standard/optional) 64K / 256K / 1M Data

Analogue Input 1 - 8
Measuring range via attenuator
160:1
10 - 1600 V
Bandwidth d.c. - 5 MHz
Direct input 100 mV - 10 V, BNC
Input setting factor 0.8-sequence 0.1-0.125-...-6.4-8-10V
automatically controlled 23 Stages
Digital Input 4 - 32
Input range LOW / HIGH 0 V / 5 to 250 V

Trigger pre-/posttrigger
channels single, OR-connected yes
internal level pos. and neg. level
internal dynamic (deviation) pos. and neg. dU/dt
external 5 - 250 V, BNC
Multichannel Transient Recorder
Measuring Systems
TR-AS 10-12 / 100-10 / 100-12 / 200-12
7
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Impulse Measurement Components
Tubular Shunts - Isolation Amplifier
Multichannel-System based on TR-AS 10-12 with 3 analogue and 24 digital inputs
for measurement of make and break times.
The picture shows revision checks of elder 110 kV compressed air switchgear. The
measuring system is placed inside a transportation car and connected to the
interrupter under test which must be switched free from h.v. during the measurement.
The triggering of the system follows automatically with help of the releasing coil
current, measuring data will be evaluated by hand or automatically and then stored on
to harddisk to generate a test record.
On-Site Switchgear Test System
ISO-VER 2.2
2 or 4 kv a.c.isolation
1 to 8 channels
input 1 to 1000 V
1 MOhm / 30 pF
output 1 V
bandwidth 100 kHz
accuracy 1%

Isolation Amplifier Systems ISO-VER 12 / 2.2
for applications in the high power test field together with TR-AS multichannel transient recorders
A floating current input from mA to
kA can be realized using a
suitable measuring shunt at the
input.
The Impulse Current Measuring Shunts ICMS are new designed tubular shunt types with best performance
response behaviour. They show no overshoot or oscillations and need no compensation box to optimize the
transient behaviour as known from e.g. cage shunts.
Tubular shunts type ICMS are therefore ideal for current measurements during transformer tests. The resis-
tance material of the inner tube show high energy absorption capability and very low temperature coefficient
and therefore negligible non-linearity effect for impulses of different magnitude. This is very important for
comparison of shapes e.g. of 50% and 100% test level during transformer tests.
The Impulse Current Measuring Shunts ICMS are designed for measurements of impulse currents with shape 8/20 s according to IEC 60060-
1. For impulse currents with any shape the maximal action integral or the maximal voltage drop must not be exceeded.
Tubular Impulse Current Measuring Shunt ICMS
Typ Type ICMS 20 ICMS 10 ICMS 2.5 ICMS 1
Nenn-Impulsstrom 8/20 rated Impulse current 8/20 A 20 000 10 000 2 500 1 000
Widerstandswert 10% Resistance 10% 0.025 0.05 0.2 0.5
Empfindlichkeit Sensitivity V / 25 50 200 500
Arbeitsbereich mit TR-AS
digital recorder
Working Area with TR-AS
digital recorder
A 200 100 25 10
Anstiegszeit Tr Rise time Tr ns <30 <10 <10 <10
Antwortzeit Ta Response time Ta ns <20 <10 <10 <10
Max. Energieintegral i.dt max. Action integral i.dt As 18 000 5 000 280 50 Minimale Pausezeit repetitition rate s 60
Spannungsabfall max. Voltage drop max. V 1000
Temperaturkoeffizient temperature coefficient 1 / K <10010
-6
Messanschlu Measuring socket N-type
Abmessungen ca. Dimensions approx. mm 330 x 250 x 50
Anschlu Connection mm 12.5
The characteristic impedance of the measuring cable connected to the Impulse Current Measuring Resistor ICMS is recommended to 75 .
To avoid reflections on the measuring cable a terminating resistor TERM 75 matching the impedance Z of the measuring cable must be con-
nected to the far end at the input of the measuring system. Triaxial cable only is recommended.
The influence of the terminating resistor with value Z connected in parallel to the measuring shunt Rm with respect to the resulting resistance
value R is negligible, it can be calculated to R = RmZ/(Rm+Z).
8
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
VFT Measuring System for GIS
Remote Control Digital Recorder TR-AS RC
VFT-Measuring System TR-AS RC for VFT
Digital Recorder with 200 MS/s sampling
rate and 12 Bit resolution, remote controled by
external Laptop Computer
The VFT-Measuring System TR-AS RC for
VFT is special designed for high bandwidth and
allows measurements of very fast transients
(VFT) in a frequency range from power
frequency up to 100 MHz directly with help of
capacitive sensors, e.g. PD-sensors installed in
Gas - Insulated Switchgear (GIS).
Additionally measurement of lightning and
switching impulse voltages as also A.C.
measurements on the finally installed GIS can
be performed.
Principle of measuring system
The measuring system consists of an electrical
field sensor with capacitance C1, a directly
coupled low voltage capacitor and a coaxial
measuring line with capacitance C2 which
forms together a capacitive voltage divider with
a ratio of approximately C2:C1.

The measuring line is connected to the 250 V
input of the digital recorder which includes an
input divider with ratio 25:1.
The 10 V output of the divider is connected with
a BNC-bridge to the 10 V input of the
programmable measuring amplifier channel 1 of
the digital recorder.
Software Control
The VFT-Measuring System is remote
controlled via the local area network (LAN) by
an external Laptop Computer with special
remote control software.
The VFT-Measuring System includes an
Industry computer with harddisc and LAN-
interface but without display and keyboard.
The WinTRAS-Software for control and
measurement is installed on the harddisc of the
VFT-Measuring System and can be
transparently operated with help of the remote
control software on the Laptop Computer.
Basic Connections
Gas - Insulated Switchgear GIS
Flange with PD-sensor inbuilt
with N-Connector
Low-voltage capacitor
Measuring cable to TR-AS RC
Short-Circuit-Connector on chain
Components of the (pure) VFT-Measuring System TR-AS RC:
Low Voltage Capacitor (blue) with N-Connectors
Coaxial Connection cable with N-connectors (grey)
Digital Recorder TR-AS RC with power cord (left side)
Glassfiber-Connection Cable (orange)
Connection Box with power cord (in the middle)
LAN-connection cable to PC (0.5 m length)
Laptop Computer (PC) with power supply (black) and special short
power cord (0.3 m length)
Principle design for single channel version
Principle design for single channel version
(design changes to TR-AS RC style in case of higher channel count or Combined VFT / Impulse System)
9
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Impulse Measurement
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Technical Data

Low-Voltage Capacitor N-Connectors
rated Voltage 250 V (option for additional 2000V input => Combined VFT/Impulse System)
Measuring Cable Triaxial 75 Ohm with N-Connectors, 10 m length (other length optional)
Rated Capacitance C2 13 000 pF 15% (other C2 available on request)
Digital Recorder TR-AS 200 - 12
Rated resolution of output data (Bit / %) 12 / 0.025
Sampling rate selectable 2.5 kHz-200 MS/s
Sampling interval uncertainty 0.2 ns
Non-linearity of Quarz Time Base 0.01%
Record Length 256K Data (1024K Data optional)
Input Stage

No. Measuring Channels 1 - 4 (max.2 channels if Combined VFT/Impulse System)
Measuring input, single ended 250 V input divider 25:1, N-connector (option additional 2000V input divider 200:1)
Measuring range 5 V - 250 V (option additional 40 - 2000 V for Combined VFT/Impulse System)
Input impedance 20 MOhm / 5 pF (option 1MOhm / 33 pF for additional 2000 V input)
Input test voltage 0.1/2000 us 350 V
Measuring input, single ended 10 V input, BNC-connector
Measuring frequency range for VFT 10 Hz - 100 MHz
Input Setting Sequence Factor 1.2

constancy 0,1 s to >> 1 s 1%
long term stability (one year) 0.5%
Limits on overall errors according to all applicable Standards (IEC 61083, IEC 60060, IEEE 1122,
IEEE 4, ... )
Calibration Interval every 2 to 4 years recommended
Control Computer Industrial type, CPU 1.6 GHz
RAM >= 1 GByte
Harddisk 160 GByte
Netconnection 100 M glassfibre SC
Desktop-Housing TR-AS RC 64-4HE
Dimensions: (BxDxH) approx. 50x55x20 cm)
Connection box (on available for single channel device)
For connection of TR-AS RC and external Laptop PC with following
components
Media Converter TP glassfibre SC, 100M, with power supply
Power connections To mains and Laptop PC
Power Requirements
Voltage 115 230 V
Frequency 50-60 Hz
Power 200 VA
Environmental:
Ambient Temp +5...+40C
Humidity 10...90%, non condensating
Laptop PC External
Specification According to separate Operation Manuals


VFT Measuring System for GIS
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TRAS F2
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
TR-AS FRA High Resolution
Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) System
for Power Transformer Diagnosis and Network Analysis
Remote controlled
High Resolution
TR-AS
Transient Recorder

Impulse Voltage
Generator for
STEP Excitation

Connection Unit for
Voltage, Current and
transferred Voltage

Easy 2-pole
connection for
reproducible On-Site-
Tests
The Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) on
power transformers is used for diagnosis at
works, after putting into operation and for
maintenance on site. The frequency-
dependent admittance is determined and
recorded as fingerprint.
The FRA taken before and after a transport
should show no differences, otherwise a
movement e.g. of a winding must be
assumed. Because small movements results
in very small deviations in the FRA lapse, the
measurement method must be very stable
and sensitive.
The application of the step response method
gives a complete measuring result after
applying the STEP voltage and calculating the
frequency-dependent admittance with help of
the frequency spectra of voltage and current
lapse determined by the fast Fourier transform
(FFT).
A minimum of 12 Bit resolution and 64K data
for FFT is required, with 256K or 1M data
finest frequency resolution is resulting.
Testing Method
The Frequency Response Test System was
designed for direct measurement of the
frequency behaviour of transformer windings
with the step voltage method.
The test object is connected as a 2-pole to the
step voltage impulse generator RIG with 350
V peak voltage and sufficient energy without
additional measuring lines and shunts.
Voltage and current are picked directly at the
step voltage generators output and therefore
not subject of variation of external
connections.
This is an important advantage especially for
on-site tests after shipping or for
maintenance, because of the easy connection
reproducible measurements can be
expected.
The output voltage and the respective
current are recorded with help of a special
designed transient recorder TR-AS with a
basic resolution of 12 Bit at 10 or 40 MS/s
maximum sampling rate, an adapted
bandwidth of 5 MHz and minimized noise of
0.013% (type test).
The basic resolution of 12 Bit is improoved
by a repetitive averaging technique
accumulating a number of voltage and
current records phase-equivalent in the time
domain.
Depending on the number of accumulations,
resulting resolutions up to 32 Bit are
reached with a significant reduced noise.
For e.g. 16 accumulations 16 Bit resolution
and for 1024 accumulations 26 Bit
resolution are resulting.
single shot with 12 Bit
16 accumulations with 16
Bit resulting resolution
For measurement of
Short-Circuit Admittance Function
Open-Circuit Voltage Transfer Function
D.C. and 50/60 Hz impedance
Perfect EMI-reduction
Because the instant of the step voltage
excitation is not correlated to external
electromagnetic fields, e.g. caused by
power transformers, switchgear or radio
stations, their influence is reduced
corresponding to the number of
accumulations applied. The optimal No. of
accumulations as the best compromise
between test time and
Selecting 16 accumulations is a good
compromise, testing time for each winding
is few Minutes, distortions are reduced 16
times and resolution is increased to 16 Bit
corresponding to 0,0015% accuracy of
digital data used for FFT calculations.
This aspect allows to get best results
also during on-site FRA-measurements
FRA on the windings u, v, w against N
current lapse in the time domaine
400x zoomed up to 0,025% per
div. vertically

10Hz 100Hz 1.0KHz 10KHz 100KHz
1.1E-5
1.1E-4
1.1E-3
1.1E-2
1.1E-1
1.1E+0
1.1E+1
1.1E+2
1.1E+3
10Hz 100Hz 1.0KHz 10KHz 100KHz
0.40*pi
0.80*pi
-0.40*pi
-0.80*pi
HV-w, all-GND HV-w, all-GND HV-w, all-GND
11
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TRAS F2
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DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
TR-AS FRA High Resolution
Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) System
for Power Transformer Diagnosis and Network Analysis
DKD-Calibration
The measuring systems can be calibrated in our DKD Calibration
Laboratory accreditated by the PTB. The Calibration Laboratory
issues DKD-Calibration Certificates which documents the traceability
to National Standards.
For more information please refere to our Product Specification and to
our website www.strauss-mess.de/products/
Remarks:
The Measuring System is not designed and applicable for high-
voltage tests.
Technical Data
Remote Control Computer LAPTOP PC
CPU Pentium, min. 1 GHz
RAM 256 MByte
Harddisk 40 GByte
Diskdrive 3,5"
CD-RW yes
TFT-Color-Display 14" (15)
Netconnection
LAN or WLAN
Input Stage
No. Measuring Channels 2
Measuring input, single ended BNC / N
Measuring range for impulse 60mV - 10 V / 10 V - 1600 V
Bandwidth analogue (-3dB) DC - 5 MHz
Internal Noise Level < 0.02%
constancy 0,5 s to >> 1 s 1%
long term stability (one year) 0.5%
Calibration Interval every 2 to 4 years
recommended
Digital Recorder TR-AS 12 RC
Rated resolution of output data 12 Bit / 0.025 %
accumulation range 14 ... 24 Bit
Record Length each channel 1M Words (1,048,576)
Unit-Step-Voltage-Generator
Charge voltage inbuilt h.v. supply 350 V
Charge capacitor charge-capacity 5.3 F
Switching-device Electronically
Risetime (no load) < 10 ns (10/90%)
releasing automatically controlled , manual
impulse output 350 V, positiv
output peak power 250 W peak
Power Requirements
Voltage 230 (115) V +10%/-20%
Frequency 50-60 Hz
Power 200 VA
Ambient Temp +5...+40C
Humidity ...95%, non condensating
Environmental:
Desktop-Housing 19
Dimensions: (BxDxH) approx. 45x45x18 cm
FRA-Analysis System TR-AS FRA
frequency range D.C. to 1 MHz / 10 MHz
frequency resolution 2,4 Hz or 24 Hz selectable
FFT filter bandwidth 1 Hz or 10 Hz
discrete frequency points 512 K (524,288)
display range 9 decades / 180 dB
dynamic range 150 dB
admittance range 1 S ... 33 S
impedance range 30 mOhm .. 1 MOhm
dynamic vertical accuracy 1 dB
vertical resolution 0.00025 ( -72 dB)
with 16 accumulations to 16 Bit 0.000016 ( -95 dB)
vertical display admittance, impedance
lin, log, dB
horizontal display lin, log
frequency accuracy 0.01%
FRA results in double-log display:
horizontal range 10 Hz .. 10 MHz
vertical display range 0,1 S .. 100 S or 10 M .. 10 m in 9
decades corresponding to 180 dB

Following tests show the performance of the FRA-System:
short circuit test: at d.c., resulting value of 33 S / 30 mOhm
no load test: resulting value of 1 MOhm || 30 pF
corresponding to the impedance of the 160:1 input divider for
voltage measurement
calibration test: inbuilt calibration resistance 1 mS / 1 kOhm
test on a 1175 MVA Short Circuit Transformer, secondary
winding 3.1 - GND, all other terminals on GND
the blue limits show the possible working area of the FRA-
System from d.c. up to 10 MHz and 30 m (33 S) up to 1 M
( 1 S) corresponding to 150 dB vertical dynamic range
The shapes of the no load test and the short circuit test performed at
the open respectively short-circuit output terminal of the FRA-System
show approximately the limits for determining admittances
respectively impedances of networks, e. g. power transformers, in the
calibration test:
1 mS / 1 kOhm
1175 MVA Short Circuit
Transformer
winding 3.1-GND
no load test:
1 MOhm || 30 pF
short circuit test:
33 S / 30 mOhm
12
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TRAS F2
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Arrester Test System TR-AS 60/100-10
with 4 channels
Rectangular evaluation
Td The time duration where the
amplitude of the Impulse is greater than 90%
of its peak value.
Tt The time duration where the
amplitude of the Impulse is greater than 10%
of its peak value.
Tz Time from T0 (virtual time zero) to the
first crossing with zero line
Ip, Up Peak value of current, voltage
Tmin begin of the integral interval
Tmax end of the integral interval
If search automatic integration interval (tmin to
tmax) is selected the software searched the
tmax instant.
The software tries to find following time
instants:
Tz time-to-zero, first crossing with 0%
level
T10 crossing with 10% level, Tt
T30 crossing with 30% level, Tie30
T50 crossing with 50% level, T2
T70 crossing with 70% level, Tie70
Measuring and Evaluating System
TR-AS 60-10 Type DERA 6
The system with 4 simultane channels is
desi gned wi th di gi tal recorder
components TR-AS 60-10 or optional
TR-AS 100-10/12 as follows:
Ch 1 impulse current recorded with 60
MS/s up to 1000 ms
Ch 2 residual voltage recorded with 60
MS/s up to 1000 ms
Ch 3 arrester voltage recorded with 2.5
kS/s up to 20 sec.
Ch 4 arrester current recorded with 2.5
kS/s up to 20 sec.
The timebase of the channels can be set
individually while the trigger event is
simultan for all channels.
For permanent watching of a.c. voltage
and current during duty tests an
additional oscilloscope is inbuilt showing
the actual values rms and peak/2 of Ch
3 and Ch 4 independent of their
recording status.
The first instant of the list which is found is
set the tmax time
If search automatic integration interval (tmin
to tmax) is not selected it is possible to
select different evaluation instants.
Input of Evaluation rules with help of the
MAKRO Formula Editor
Ch 1 residual voltage 0 to 20 s
Ch 2 impulse current 0 to 20 s
Ch 3 a.c. voltage 0 to 20 s
Energy calculation with
integration
According to IEC 60099-4
W = U
res
(U
l
- U
res
) 1/Z T = U I T

=> W =
tmin
tmax
u(t) i(t) dt
tmin to tmax is the time in which the
amplitude is greater then 0% of the peak
value.
If found automatic integration interval is on,
the software tries to found the impulse end.
WinTRAS evaluation settings:
Ch1 [u(t)] evaluated with PK = peak value
Ch2 [i(t)] evaluated with REC = rectangular,
automatic calculation from tmin to tmax
Ch5 = Ch1[u(t)] Ch2[i(t)]
Energy calculation without
integration
WinTRAS evaluation settings:
Ch1 [u(t)] evaluated with PK = peak value
Ch2 [i(t)] evaluated with REC = rectangular,
automatic calculation from tmin to tmax
WinTRAS formula without integral:
W = CH1_Up CH2_Ip CH2_Td
or
W = CH1_Up CH2_Ip (CH2_tmax -
CH2_tmin)
WinTRAS formula:
W[VAs] = INTEGRAL(CH5,CH2_tmin,
CH2_tmax)
Operating Duty Tests
Ch 1 impulse current 0 to 50 s
Ch 2 residual voltage 0 to 50 s
Ch 2* residual voltage 0 to 250 s
Ch 3 a.c. voltage 0 to 12 s
Ch 4 a.c. current 0 to 12 s
Display application of a.c. voltage 100 ms
behind impulse current in Ch 2*.
Display of reduction of a.c. voltagt resp.
current after 10 seconds in Ch 3 and 4.
13
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TRAS F2
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
WinTR-AS for Windows XP / Vista /
Windows 7
WinTR-AS is the result of our long
lasting know-how in software
development for the handling of
digital recorder measuring sytems
and possibilities provided by
modern operating systems like
Windows XP /Vista / Windows 7.
Now you are able to aquire, evaluate
and process measured dat a
within a standardized user-friendly
operating and control interface. All
saved data is managed with an
i nt egrat ed dBase-compat i bl e
database. Because of this user has
multiple opportunities of further data
processing, e.g. it is now possible to
generate reports using the WinTR-
AS functions or to use applications
like Microsoft Excel.
The user interface of WinTRAS is conform to the standards of
Windows 95 and provides all usual controls of a modern windows
application:
Pull-down menu
Toolbar for the most important functions with online hints for
each button
contextsensitive help system
Statusbar for messages
intuitive user interface
32-Bit software
standardized intuitive user interface
contextsensitive help system
Multi-Threading (=parallel running
processes within the application)
integrated database (dBase
compatible)
Impulse evaluation acc. to IEC 60
and 1083 and evaluation of
mathematical operation results of
different channels
Formula-parser for generation of
synthetic shapes
mathematical operation
Macro-language for own evaluation
procedures
automatic test-sequences
(configurable)
remote control with OLE-automation
remote acces via modem
configurable user interface
multilingual user texts (online
switchable)
multilingual protocol-output with
preview
Import of ASCII- and IEC-TDG-
curves
possible integration in a network
simple data transfer using the
clipboard of Windows (metafile
format)
Support of color prints
integrated hardware-diagnostics
extensive database backup
functions
features
Meas. system 1 - database
complete database
with all
measured
data
central access
provided by
network server
Meas. system 2 - database
Meas. system n - database
Workstation 1
e.g. for
analysis of
test objects
Workstation n
Workstation 2
e.g. for
statistics
Database-concept controls all tests performed:
subordinated windows for the output of wave shapes and
evaluation results which can be arranged any way in the
main window of the application
intuitive user dialogues for settings, evaluations, database-
and file operations

Additional you have the possibility to activate a user menu panel,
controlled by the function keys of the keyboard. This menu provides
also important functions of the application, similar to the toolbar.
You can change the properties of the user interface using the
options menu of the menu bar.
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Impulse Measurement
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integrated database
All saved records and evaluation results of WinTRAS are
managed in a dBase-compatible integrated database.
The data is organized in projects, which are identified by a
definitely project number.
The database structure offers a lot of advantages regarding
data backup and further processing of the data:
central backup using a network
easy data transfer of large data quantity between
different measuring systems or workstations using a
network
easy data access for additional workstations for
evaluation, analysis, documentation etc.
easy digital recorder control
All necessary settings for the operation of the digital
recorder are made by userfriendly dialogue windows.
All dialogues show the actual settings in form of tables
for better orientation. Each row of a table represents a
channel.

The preview area on the upper right side shows online
the effects of changes of one of the parameters delay,
measuring range, offset and trigger.
Of course you have the possibility to save all settings.
TB1=100.00MS/s
0 20s 40s 60s 80s 100s 120s 140s
0%
10%
30%
50%
70%
90%
100%
CH1
No . : 2
CH1
Au s w. : L I
Up = 1 36 0 V
T1 = 0 . 8 8 s
T2 = 4 8. 9 s
Graphic export using the clip-
board of Windows
The export of WinTRAS graphics is a very useful
feature if you have to create documentations.
The actual content of the curve window and the status
window will be transformed in a metafile and this will
be finally copied to the clipboard.
Please take note that the metafile format offers
vectorgraphic. That means easy positioning and
scaling of the graphic in the further processing
multiple display view options
The display view dialogue allows the user to modify
the appearance of the curve window. All settings are
shown as well in form of a table with the parameters of
one channel in a row. If specific channels are not
needed, they can be turned off.
As only displayed channels are saved to the database
if the function save curves is activated, this option
allows you to reduce the quantity of stored data. Thus
all output and save operations work with the principle
what you see is what you get.
The hardcopy function produces a printout of the
actual displayed screen using the maximum number of
Windows 7
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Impulse Measurement
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We offer further software packages in combination with the
WinTR-AS main application. This allows you to choose a
specific software-bundle depending on your measuring task:

Automatic Calibration acc. to IEC 1083
Calibration of H.V. dividers acc. to IEC 60
automatic evaluation
Another indication for the efficiency of WinTRAS is the
automatic evaluation.
The user has the possibility to select an evaluation mode
from a predefined set for each channel. This set contains for
example impulse evaluations (LI/SI) according to IEC 60
and 1083. The user has the choice between manual and
automatic evaluation.
Additional mathematical operations with channels are
allowed. Thus this feature is realized with an integrated
formula parser, you have also the possibility to create
synthetic wave shapes.
Please take note that 80 channels are available for
evaluations and channel operations.
integrated data backup tools
WinTRAS provides also extensive tools for
comfortable data backup of complete projects or
single measured data.
The following functions are available:
backup
restore
delete
You are able to determine any lokal drive or any
network drive as destination for the data backup.
Additional every save action of the user will force an
automatic data backup of all database tables.
automatic protocol generation
WinTRAS offers an automatic protocol function for the
documentation of test results.
This operation uses the data of the actual selected project.
The protocol contents a list with all saved evaluation results of
the project and a number of further pages with graphic
printout.
additional software packages
The following parameters are selectable:

protocol language
number of graphics per page (1, 2, 4, 8)
graphic printout with or without evaluation results

If all parameters are selected, a preview of the actual
protocol will be started. The preview provides a visual check
of the protocol, before the printjob is started.
All graphics are created and printed as vectorgraphic.

Furthermore, the user has the possibility to save a
completed protocol and reload it later for printing.
Finally you are able to implement your own company logo at
the protocol header for individual protocol design.

All Windows supported printers are of course accepted by
WinTRAS.
Trafo-Test with Compare-Function
Transfer-Function and Coherence-Function
Tolerance-Band-Method
Frequency Response Analysis
Tap Change Operation Sequence Test
Quality-Control software
Windows 7
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Impulse Measurement
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Makro Editor for automatic evaluation of
custom-defined expressions
OLE / DCOM / ActiveX - Interface WinTR-AS
For automatic control of recorder
functions by custom programs
Programming Examples in Delphi /
C++
functions with their names; input-parameters /
output-paramters with Delphi-type, in brackets
C-type ; similar parameters types are available
in basic or other programming languages
variant IRemoteControl:: StartEvaluation ()
input nothing
output: none
This function starts evaluation. All current
activated channels for evaluation will be
evaluated with there current paramters.
variant IRemoteControl:: StartRecord ()
input nothing
output: none
This function starts a record (analogue to call
of ALT-A directly in WinTRAS)
Easy input of formulas and rules for their automatic calculation
immediately after each new record, comprising
Peak values of analogue lapses, e.g.Torque Moment, Current, Voltage, ...
Contact Events recorded into Digital Measuring Channels
Energy by Integration of Voltage and Current lapse during arrester tests
Difference shape of individual channels
Arithmetic Operations with two Channels before Evaluation
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Software-Applications
Combined Voltage Test
Combined Voltage Test with AC and LI

This picture shows a combined voltage test with power frequency voltage
AC with 143.7 kV peak and lightning impulse voltage LI with -498.5 kV peak.

With help of the Makro-Editor integrated in the WinTRAS-Software addi-
tional test parameters shown under RESULTS can be calculated automati-
cally after recording:

the AC voltage at the instant of the LI peak, UacTP
the voltage drop Udrop of the AC voltage peak with respect to
UacTP
the test voltage Utest as the difference of UacTP and Up of the LI
peak voltage
the time difference alpha in ms or degree as the time difference
between AC peak and LI peak
the time instant K3TP of the AC voltage
the time instant K1TP of the LI voltage

With the evaluation switch formular the evaluation method for each individ-
ual channel can be selected.

For channel 1 the selected LI evaluation automatically calculates the peak
and time parameter and the overshoot beta.

For channel 3 the AC evaluation was selected.

Furthermore the macro with name PHASE-LI-K3 was selected, details later.

The AC evaluation rules were set to peak value and DC offset as also for
peak time for phase calculation.

To eliminate digitzer noise the channel 3 is smoothed with 100 samples with
help of an virtual auxiliary channel 4 (selectable for further evaluations) and
then evaluated in the displayed evaluation interval tmin = 1000 ms to tmax
= 1000 ms

Makro Editor

The Makro Editor allows definition of
MAKROS which contain expressions with
reference to evaluation results of the basic
evaluations, , e.g. LI, SI, OI, IC, RECT, STEP.
TIME, FFT, TFUM, ...

The expressions can be input in the formula
field line for line, the variable names can be
named free.

This expressions are evaluated immediately
after the basic evaluations are performed and
then the results are shown in the evaluation
window under RESULTS on the right side of
the display window.
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Impulse Measurement
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Waterfall Diagram for Type Tests on Cables

This picture shows a superimposed voltage type test with direct voltage d.c.
and superimposed switching voltage SI displayed as waterfall diagramm
with selectable No. of shapes, e.g. 14 shapes with horizontal offset of 4%.

The shapes can be preselected and moved horizontally and vertically with
selectable offset values.

The test voltage was increased starting with No. 11 and the breakdown
occurs with No. 14.
Software-Applications
A.C. Routine Test - Waterfall Diagrams -
Superimposed Voltage Test
AC Routine Tests

This picture shows an A.C. Routine test with constant voltage starting at
Start for approx. 15 Seconds, then the test volage was increase slowly
until the breakdown occured.

The breakdown automatically triggers the digital recorder and switches the
timebase from 10 kS/s upto 10 MS/s to show the breakdown behavior in
detail.

In the information window right beside the display window the A.C. voltage
immediately before the breakdown is shown as also further selected evalua-
tion parameters e.g. the frequency and the test time

Digital Voltmeter inbuilt (peak, peak/2, rms)

for a.c. measurement of voltage and current a digital multimeter can be
displayed for each physical recorder channel

START - STOP button for test time control
Superimposed Voltage Test on H.V. Cables with D.C.
and SI

This picture shows a superimposed voltage test on H.V. Cables with D.C.
and SI

Evaluation settings for superimposed voltage and initial peak amplitudes
can be selected

19
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There are tree major effects influencing the
measuring accuracy:
the sampling rate which makes an statistical
error for the peak voltage which can be
measured during a pulse calibration with steep
low voltage impulses as the standard deviation
of 20 impulses, see picture 1;
the response parameters of the digital
recorder as also of the i.v. divider which makes
an error in the rising area oft the impulse and in
the peak of chopped impulses. The rise time of
the digital recorder together with the i.v. divider
should be so small, that for the 30% value
(approx. at 30 ns) the input has settled. This is
fulfilled for 5 times of the time constant resp.
the first partial response time Ta with 30 ns / 5
= 6 ns. The risetime is approx. 2.2 times of the
time constant and therefore sufficient with <=
12 ns as required under Item 4.4 of Standard
CEI IEC 1211. The TR-AS 200-12 systems
with rise times of <= 7 ns for the 1600 V input
and a first partial response time Ta of typical 3
ns therefore is well-suited for steep voltage
measurements;
the error by the resolution for 10 and 12 Bit
systems corresponding to 0,1% resp. 0,025%
is negligible in this respect - more important is
the differential non-linearity of the system
which produces an additional statistical error,
whereby this error is included in the standard
deviation of the performed calibrations.
Picture 1: The picture shows the calibration result
at 200 MS/s with linearly rising voltage chopped at
0,104 ms for 20 pulses (values in brackets
referenced to 100 MS/s):
the standard deviation for the peak amounts to
0,98% (2,0%), the max. measuring uncertainty
Steep Voltage Measurement
with TR-AS 200-12
Picture 1
Picture 2
Picture 3
We have made some investigations for measuring
steep impulses with the TR-AS 200-12 System with
200 MS/s to show in this respect the sufficiency and
compliance of this TR-AS system to the Standards
CEI IEC 1211, CEI IEC 60-2 and IEC 61083-1 and -
2.
with respect to the mean value amounts to 1,9%
(4%) which are both below the desired limit
according to CEI IEC 1211 of 5%.
This calibration easily shows the sufficiency of
TR-AS digital recorder with 200 MS/s as also
with 100 MS/s sampling rate for steep voltage
tests.
The number of sampling points in the front
amounts to 20 (10) for 100 ns chopping time.
Picture 2: The TR-AS software can easily
calculate automatically by interpolation the exact
time instants of the 30% and 90% values and
herewith the steepness of the front Sfr as shown
in picture 2 to Sfr = 2,01*E7 V/s for a 2 V peak.
The corresponding steepness for a peak voltage
of 200 kV in the h.v. testfield woud be calculated
for the same shape to 2,01 MV/ms (2,01*E12 V/s).
Picture 3 shows the calibration result of a steep
voltage with 210 V peak and oscillations in the
front area. For this shape the TR-AS software
calculates automatically by signal processing and
interpolation the exact time instants of the 30%
and 90% values, too. The standard deviation of
1,2% for the peak and 1,1% for the front time T1
shows an excellent stability of the digital recorder.
The maximal measuring uncertainty of 2,4% for
the peak voltage determined from 20
measurements is inside the required limits of the
Standards.
Remarks: Standard digital recorders of
competitors built for measurements in the
electronic laboratory show often great standard
deviations for front time and peak parameters if
measuring front chopped impulses. The respective
calibration results for steep voltages are mostly
not available. Additionally the limited bandwidth,
resp. risetime and interesting response behaviour
of the high-voltage probe neccessary for the l.v.
input forces additional measuring errors.
with RIG 1000
h.v. probes of standard digital oscilloscopes can be
calibrated reproducible with up to 1000 V STEP voltage.
Probe Calibration
The transfer function which is calculated by dividing the frequency
spectra of current and voltage measured during impulse voltage
tests becomes more validity especially at chopped voltages,
considering higher frequencies up to 50 MHz, too.
Comparison of full and chopped voltage transfer functions show
better accordance considering higher frequencies.
The coherence function is a measure of the power in the output
signal caused by the input. If the coherence is 1, then all the output
power is caused by the input. If the coherence is 0, then none of the
output is caused by the input. For this calculation with help of cross
power spectra of voltage and current also higher frequent parts
must be considered and must be recorded precisely.
Therefore, the statement, that a bandwidth of 20 MHz is sufficient
for a digitizer, because the high voltage divider does not transmit
more, is not acceptable.
TFUM - Transfer Function Method
20
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Impulse Measurement
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Application
For the calibration and for performance
tests and checks according to IEC 1083-
1 und IEC-60-2 several calibration gen-
erators with high accuracy are required
which are optimally adapted to the digital
impulse voltage measuring system to be
tested.
For this purpose a new family of precise
calibration generators became devel-
oped including the necessary software to
perform the required calibrations and
tests in the high-voltage testfield in ac-
cordance with IEC 1083-1 and IEC 60-2
in an easy manner and in short time to
save costs.
The impulse calibration system KAL
1000 is a modular system to perform
tests on complete impulse voltage meas-
uring systems and on digital recorders
for the measurement of high impulse
voltages and impulse currents. The
modular design allows an optimal KAL-
configuration depending on the actual
application.
Additional, this modularity allows to up-
grade or modify an existing KAL 1000
system in case of changing or additional
requirements.
The technical design of the impulse cali-
bration system KAL 1000 was done con-
sidering the international standards IEC
1083-1, Digital recorders for measure-
ments in high-voltage impulse tests and
the revision of IEC 60-2, at this time un-
der consideration, the requirements for
calibration generators in IEC 1083-1,
Table 3 are fulfilled.
Calibration of Digital-
Recorders according to IEC
1083-1
the calibration, performance check or
performance test of the measuring
ranges of the digital impulse voltage
measuring systems TR-AS according
to IEC 61083-1 may be performed either
by the method pulse calibration or alter-
natively by a separate calibration of volt-
age and time with a step voltage calibra-
tion and a time calibration.

Impulse-Calibration-System KAL 1000
Calibration-Software TRAS-KAL
according to IEC 61083-1, IEEE 1122 and IEC 60060-2, IEEE 4
range.
With help of the control relay in the
measuring system automatically the
selected number of e.g. 20 measure-
ments are performed and evaluated
according to IEC 1083-1.
The mean value of the selected num-
ber of records and the largest devia-
tion dedected is stored into a protocol-
file for generation of the calibration
certificate subsequently.
The Basic System includes the elec-
tronically controled d.c. voltage source
with precise settable output voltage,
available on a coaxial output and addi-
tional two measuring taps for control
measuring with an calibrated external
d.c. voltmeter.
In this way the calibration may be ref-
erenced to a National Standard, e.g. to
an approved DKD-testlab or the PTB.
At the start of the automatic calibration
procedur the value of this d.c. charge
voltage must be input to the measuring
system as reference level for the cal-
culations.
Calibration Record
The calibration results of a KAL 1000
impulse calibrator with shapes STEP,
ZEIT, LI, LIC und SI performed with an
high-resolution digital impulse voltage
measuring system TR-AS 200-12 is
documented in parts in the following
calibration record:
Pulse Calibration
The pulse calibration is performed with
help of the impulse calibration genera-
tors KAL-LI 0.84/60 (optional KAL-LI
1.56/60) for full and chopped lightning
impulse voltage or with help of the im-
pulse calibration generator KAL-SI
20/4000 for full or chopped switching
impulse voltage.
The time-to-chopping can be set to any
value from 0.1 s to 10 000 s includ-
ing the standard chopping time of 0.5
s.
Step Voltage Calibration
The step voltage calibration is per-
formed with help of the impulse calibra-
tion generator KAL-STEP.
Time Calibration
The time calibration is performed with
help of the time mark generator KAL-
TIME.
Calibration-Software TRAS-KAL
The impulse calibration system KAL
1000 is controlled automatically by the
digital impulse voltage measuring sys-
tem TR-AS with help of an inbuilt or
completable relay.
The channels under calibration were
connected separate or parallel to the
respective output of the calibrator. After
setting the d.c. charging voltage the
calibration is done simultan on all
channels for the selected measuring
21
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Calibration of Impulse-Measuring-
Systems according to IEC 60-2
The automatic controlled calibration of the complete measur-
ing system comprising the impulse voltage divider, the nec-
cessary leads, the measuring cable and the digital impulse
voltage measuring system TR-AS, follows by the parame-
ter method with help of the unit-step-voltage-generator RIG
1000 and the calibration software TRAS-TEIL.
Unit-Step-Voltage-Generator RIG 1000
At the parameter method, applicable for performance check
or test, the impulse scale factor and the time parameters of
the measuring system are determined by measuring and
evaluating the step response of the measuring system. The
result can be compared with the manufacturers specification
or with performance tests or checks performed in the past.
For automatically calibration and generation of an calibration
report the powerful software TRAS-TEIL with menu-oriented
operations is available.
Test setup according to IEC 60-2
Impulse-Calibration-System RIG 1000
Calibration-Software TRAS-TEIL
22
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Impulse Measurement
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The calibration report includes the test results of the
reference measurement REF in the past as also the actual
test results of the AMS (approved measuring system). For
each individual parameter the actual difference AMS/REF-1
is calculated and then compared with an earlier specified
accepted differenc. The test result "accepted" or "not
accepted" automatically is written to the rightmost column.
E.g., the determination of the impulse scale factor shows in
the selected time interval 0.4 - 20.0 s negligible deviations
from the specified value of the manufacturer. The scale
The determination of the impulse scale factor and the
response parameters of the complete measuring system
according to IEC 60-2 is done with the unit step voltage
generator RIG 1000 using a repetitive sampling methode
included in the software TRAS-TEIL, which allows sampling
rates of 1 to 5 GHz corresponding to sampling intevals of 1 ns
downto 200 ps with our digital recorders TR-AS.
The unit step voltage generator RIG 1000 is controlled
automatically by the digital impulse voltage measuring system
TR-AS with help of an inbuilt or completable relais.
For example, the performance check of an 3 MV impulse
voltage divider in the h.v. testfield of an big transformer
manufacturer was performed, the test results are shown in the
following.
First of all the step response g(t) is measured, whereby a
sampling rate of 1 GHz corresponding to 1 ns time resolution
yields a satisfying accuracy within a short testing time.
The response parameter of the measured step response g(t)
and the time behavior of the response time T(t) by integration
of the function 1-g(t) automatically is calculated by the AT-
computer inside the measuring system.
Calibration of a 3 MV impulse voltage divider in a big
transformer testfield
The evaluation of the response time T(t) follows inside of an
selectable time intervall tmin to tmax
Definition of response parameters and settling time

The calculated results of the measurment are:
overshoot
F actual impulse scale factor
O1 virtual origin, set to t=0
To initial distortion time
Ta partial response time
TN experimental response time at t=tmax
ts settling time
tmin begin of evaluation
tmax end of evaluation

For automatically determination of the settling time the limit-
ing functions T 0.02t are calculated and displayed together
with the response time T(t). The latest point of intersection of
T(t) with the limiting functions is the wanted settling time
Impulse-Calibration-System RIG 1000
Calibration-Software TRAS-TEIL
23
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Technical Data: KAL 1000 / RIG 1000
wave form chopping time output voltage range for input range
full wave lightning impulse LI 0,84/60 100 ns20 ms 50 V to 1000 V 50 V - 2500 V
front-chopped lightning impulse, Tc=500ns 500 ns 50 V to 750 V 100 V - 1800 V
switching impulse SI 20/4000 100 ns20 ms 50 V to 1000 V 50 V - 2500 V
switching impulse SI 250/2500 100 ns20 ms 50 V to 1000 V 50 V - 2500 V
STEP Voltage 10 V to 1000 V 10 V - 2500 V
Calibrator Basic-Device KAL 1000
for supply and control of the KAL-Generators described below, rack
mount with power supply, line filter, built into a 19" housing

design cassette 4 HE, 42 TE
housing (BxHxD) 500x200x320 mm
or 19" rack mount
weight approx. 10 kg
H.V. Load Circuit, electronically controled
design in basic device
charge voltage, adjustable
with 10-turn-potentiometer 0 - +1000 V positiv
setting-accuracy < 0.1 %
digital display LED 0-1000.0 V
measuring-accuracy 0.1 % 2 digit
charge time modul-dependent 1 .. 10 s
output frontside coaxial
measurement 2 plugs
max. cable length unlimited
load resistance >= 200 kOhm
Control Electronic
releasing manual key
BNC-input TTL LO-level or
external relais
impulse output switching gap SG 5 Vp, BNC

time-to-chopping adjustable 0.1 - 10 000 s
step 0.1 s
quarz-timebase 10 MHz, 100 ppm
impulse output chopping gap CG 5 Vp, BNC
Step-Voltage-Generator KAL-STEP
for the step calibration of the inputs of digital impulse voltage measur-
ing system according to IEC 1083-1

charge voltage base-device 0 .. +1000 V
switching-device electronically
output short-circuited
falltime < 10 ns (90/10%)
impulse output BNC 10 .. 1000 V
polarity negative step
output-resistance 50 Ohm
load-resistance >= 200 kOhm
cable-length 1,5 m
accuracy step-voltage 0.5% / 0.2% 1)
Lightning-Impulse-Generator KAL-LI 0.84/60
for pulse calibration of the digital impulse voltage measuring system
according to IEC 1083-1

design cassette 12 TE
charge voltage basic-device 0 - +1000 V
chopping-device electronically
charge-capacity 0.6 F
impulse output BNC 50 .. 1000 V 2)
cable-length 1,5 m
shape standard 0.84/60 s
optional 1.56/60 s
chopping time selectable 0.1 .. 10 000 s
accuracy peak-voltage 1% / 0.2% 1)
front-time 2% / 0.5% 1)
time-to-half-value 2% / 0.2% 1)
time-to-chopping 2% / 1% 1)
according to IEC 1083-1 table 3

Switching-Impulse-Generator KAL-SI 20/4000
for pulse calibration of the digital impulse voltage measuring system

design cassette 12 TE
charge voltage basic-device 0 - +1000 V
chopping-device electronically
charge-capacity 1 F
impulse output BNC 50 .. 1000 V 2)
cable-length 1.5 m
shape standard 20/4000 s
optional 250/2500 s
chopping time selectable 0.1 .. 10 000 s
accuracy peak-voltage 1% / 0.2% 1)
time-to-peak 2% / 0.2% 1)
time-to-half-value 2% / 0.2% 1)
time-to-chopping 2% / 1% 1)
according to IEC 1083-1 table 3
Timemark-Generator KAL-ZEIT
For time calibration of the digital impulse voltage measuring system

design in base device
time-intervall 20 ms 0.01%
output BNC squarewave 0 / 5 V, TTL-level

Unit-Step-Voltage-Generator RIG 1000 (H)
for determination of the impulse scale factor and the response pa-
rameters of the high voltage impulse measuring system with the unit
step method according to IEC 60-2. The generator is placed on the
floor or wall in the h.v. testfield and connected to the h.v. divider.

design cassette 4 HE, 42 TE
housing (BxHxD) 260x200x320 mm
weight approx. 4 kg

charge voltage coax-input 0 - +1000 V
feeding basic device
via coaxcable 20 m
type H optionally inbuilt h.v. supply

Charge capacitor charge-capacity 5.3 F

risetime < 10 ns (10/90%)
releasing BNC-input TTL LO-level or
relay (meas.system)
via coaxcable 20 m

impulse output 0 .. 1000 V
polarity positive or negative
connection to i.v. divider
load >= 5 kOhm || 10 nF
accuracy peak value 0.1% stat.
power supply battery inside

1) long term stability / short term stability
2) efficiency < 1
Technical data and design subject to modification without notice.
24
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Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
DEUTSCHER KALIBRIERDIENST (DKD)

Kalibrierlaboratorium fr elektrische Impulsgren
Calibration laboratory for electrical impulse parameter
Trger
holder
akkreditiert
durch die
accredited by

Akkreditierungsstelle des DKD bei der
PHYSIKALISCH-TECHNISCHE BUNDESANSTALT (PTB)
DKD-K-11701
Kalibrierdienste in der EA / Calibration Service inside the EA
Akkreditierungsverfahren im
DKD (Deutscher Kalibrierdienst)

Accreditation procedure of the
DKD (German Calibration
Service)
Der Deutsche Kalibrierdienst (DKD) ist ein
Zusammenschluss von Kalibrierlaboratorien
aus Industrieunternehmen,
Forschungsinstituten, technischen Behrden,
berwachungs- und Prfinstitutionen. Diese
Laboratorien werden
von der Akkreditierungsstelle des Deutschen
Kalibrierdienstes akkreditiert und berwacht.
Sie fhren Kalibrierungen von Messgerten
und Maverkrperungen fr die bei der
Akkreditierung festgelegten Messgren und
Messbereiche durch. Die von ihnen
ausgestellten DKD-Kalibrierscheine sind ein
Nachweis fr die Rckfhrung auf nationale
Normale, wie sie von der Normenfamilie DIN
EN ISO 9000 und der DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025
gefordert werden.

Kalibrierungen durch DKD-Laboratorien
geben dem Anwender Sicherheit fr die
Verlsslichkeit von Messergebnissen,
erhhen das Vertrauen der Kunden und die
Wettbewerbsfhigkeit auf dem nationalen und
internationalen Markt. Sie dienen als
messtechnische Grundlage fr die Mess- und
Prfmittelberwachung im Rahmen des
Qualittsmanagements.

The Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (DKD) is an
association of calibration laboratories of
industrial firms, research institutes, technical
authorities, inspection and testing institutes.
These laboratories are accredited and
supervised by the Accreditation Body of
Deutscher Kalibrierdienst. They calibrate
measuring instruments and material
measures for measurands and measurement
ranges specified within the framework of
accreditation. The DKD calibration certificates
issued by these laboratories prove traceability
to national standards as required in the
standards family ISO 9000 and the ISO/IEC
17025.

Calibrations carried out by DKD laboratories
allow the user to trust in the reliability of
Das Bild zeigt das akkreditierungsverfahren
im Deutschen Kalibrierdienst DKD

The picture show the Accredidation procedure
of the German Calibration Service DKD
25
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Impulse Measurement
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Die Akkreditierung erfolgte am 06.06.1994 durch die Physikalisch-
Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (DKD),
vertreten im Deutschen AkkreditierungsRat als Kalibrierlaboratorium
fr elektrische Impulsgren unter der DAR-Registriernummer DKD-K
-11701.
Die Firma DR. STRAUSS MESSTECHNIK GMBH ist somit das erste
Unternehmen, welches Impuls-Kalibrier- und Meeinrichtungen fr
Stospannungs- und Stostromprfungen rckfhrbar auf nationale
Normale kalibrieren darf und hierfr Kalibrierscheine ausstellt, die
innerhalb der WECC in ganz Europa anerkannt werden.
Die fr die Einrichtung des Kalibrierlaboratoriums notwendigen
Bezugs-Normal Meeinrichtungen TR-AS 100-10/12, TR-AS
200-14 und KAL 1000 kommen aus der eigenen Fertigung und sind
an die nationalen Normale bei der PTB angebunden.
Die hierbei durch die PTB besttigte hohe Qualitt unserer Produkte,
dokumentiert durch ausfhrliche Typenprfungen unter Beachtung der
einschlgigen Normen, findet ihren Niederschlag in den fr unsere
Kunden bestimmten Produkte.
The accreditation was performed on 06.06.1994 by the Physikalisch-
Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (DKD),
represented in the Deutschen AkkreditierungsRat as calibration
laboratory for electrical impulse parameter with DAR registration
number DKD-K-11701.
DR. STRAUSS MESSTECHNIK GMBH therefore is the first company,
which may calibrate impulse measuring and calibration systems for
high voltage impulse tests with traceability to national standards and
issues calibration certificates recognized inside the WECC in Europe.
The Reference Standards of measurement TR-AS 100-10/12,
TR-AS 200-14 and KAL 1000 necessary for furnishing the calibration
laboratory come from our own production and are traced to national
standards at the PTB.
The high quality standard of this equipment confirmed by the PTB
herewith and documented in detailed type test reports under consid-
eration of the respective standards, finds its reflection in the products
delivered to our customers, too.
Organisationsstruktur zur Rckfhrung von Impulsspannungs-Mesystemen
auf nationale Normale in Deutschland
Calibration system to establish traceability of impulse voltage measuring
systems to national standards in Germany
Normal Anwender
Voraussetzung der
Kalibrierung
Meeinrichtung Hersteller Typ Meunsicherheit
Dokumentation der
Kalibrierung
Standard of
measurement
User
supposition for
calibration
measuring system manufacturer type measuring uncertainty
documentation of
calibration
Nationales Normal PTB
Gleichspannung
Impulsmessung

PTB-Kalibrier- schein
National Standard
direct voltage impulse
measurement

PTB-calibration
certificate
Bezugs-Normal
Meeinrichtung
DKD
Kalibrierlaboratorium
bei DR. STRAUSS
GMBH
PTB- Kalibrierschein
Impuls-
Kalibriergenerator
Digitalrecorder
Digitalvoltmeter
DR. STRAUSS
KAL 1000

DR. STRAUSS
TR-AS 200-14

Solartron 7150
LI, SI / LIC
peak: 0,5% / 0,7%
time: 2%

STEP: 0,4%
DKD-Kalibrier schein
Reference Standard
of measurement
DKD Calibration
laboratory at DR.
STRAUSS GMBH
PTB- Calibration
Certificate
digital recorder
impulse calibr.
generator
digital voltmeter

DKD Calibration
Certificate
Werks-Normal
Referenz-Mesystem
Innerbetriebliches
Kalibrierlaboratorium
DKD- Kalibrierschein
Impuls-
Kalibriergenerator
Digitalrecorder
KAL 1000
TR-AS 100-10/12
TR-AS 200-12-14
LI, SI / LIC
peak: 1% / 2%
time: 2%
STEP: 0,5%
Werks- Kalibrierschein
Reference measuring
system
Calibration laboratory
of organisation
DKD-Calibration
Certificate
impulse calibr.
generator
digital recorder

Works Calibrat.
Certificate
Gebrauchs-Normal
Me-/Prfsystem
Prffeld, betriebliche
Bereiche
Werks- Kalibrierschein Digitalrecorder
TR-AS 25-8/12
TR-AS 100-8/10/12
TR-AS 200-12-14
LI, SI, LIC
peak: 2% / 3%
time: 4%
Werks- Prfschein
Approved measuring
system
Test laboratory of
organisation
Works-Calibrat.
Certificate
digital recorder Works Test Record
Akkreditierung durch die PTB / Accredidation by PTB (DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025)
26
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DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
DKD Kalibrierschein (Muster)
DKD Calibration Certificate (Example)

Das Kalibrierlaboratorium bietet die Kalibrierung von

Impuls-Kalibriergeneratoren
Sprunggeneratoren
Digitalrecordern
Stovoltmetern

an und stellt dafr DKD-Kalibrierscheine aus, welche die
Rckfhrung auf nationale Normale zur Darstellung der
physikalischen Einheiten in bereinstimmung mit den Inter-
nationalen Einheiten (SI) dokumentieren.

The DKD Calibration laboratory offers the calibration of
impulse calibration generators
unit step voltage generators
digital recorders
impulse voltmeters

and issues DKD-Calibration Certificates which document the
traceability to national standards which realize the physical
units of measurement according to the international system
of Units (SI).
PTB: Die Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braun-
schweig ist das metrologische Staatsinstitut und die tech-
nische Oberbehrde fr das Mewesen in Deutschland. Sie
entwickelt und bewahrt die "nationalen Normale" zur Darstel-
lung der SI-Einheiten und stellt in Zusammenarbeit mit
Staatsinstituten anderer Lnder deren Vergleichbarkeit in
internationalem Rahmen sicher.

DKD: Im Deutschen Kalibrierdienst sind Kalibrierlaborato-
rien der Industrie und anderer Institutionen zusam-
mengeschlossen, die von der PTB nach festgelegten
Kriterien akkreditiert und berwacht werden.

Kalibrierlaboratorium: In den Betrieben werden Kali-
brierlaboratorien betrieben, welche vom DKD kalibrierte Ref-
erenz-Mesysteme als Werks-Normale zur Kalibrierung der
Me- und Prfsysteme im Prffeld einsetzen (kalibrierte
Mesysteme).
PTB: The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt at Braun-
schweig is the metrological institute of the Federal Republic of
Germany and has by law the responsibility for the national
standards of measurement. PTB develops the national stan-
dards of measurement for representating the international
units SI and is responsible for the necessary international
comparisons.

DKD: In the German Calibration Service (Deutscher Kalibri-
erdienst) calibration laboratories of industry and other institu-
tions are jointed, which are accredited and supervised by PTB
according to fixed criterions.

Calibration laboratory: The calibration laboratories are
installed within the organisation and hold the reference meas-
uring systems calibrated by DKD to calibrate the measuring
and test systems used in the test laboratories (approved
measuring systems).
DEUTSCHER KALIBRIERDIENST (DKD)

Kalibrierlaboratorium fr elektrische Impulsgren
Calibration laboratory for electrical impulse parameter
27
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de
Electronic Voltage Transformer
EVT
Voltage transformers usually are inductive types designed with
single stage coils. For higher system voltages upside 110 kV
the manufacturing costs for inductive v.ts and their
dimensions increase overproportionally. Therefore a cost-
efficient alternative to the inductive high-voltage part is
desirable: e.g. a capacitive voltage divider with electronic low-
voltage part. For GIS the h.v. capacitor can be integrated easy
and place-saving as a coaxial cylinder capacitor inside the
switchgear.
For other applications a compressed gas capacitor with few
Preamplifier EVT-VC:
class 0,1/0,2 or 0,5 for 0,8 - 1,2 x UN
high-voltage capacitor CH=10 pF
adjustable from +5% to -20% with inbuilt
precision potentiometer with 0.01%
resolution
rated voltage 400000/3 V : 6,53 V or
any other depending from h.v. capacitor
rated burden 0.1 VA

Measuring Amplifier EVT-M05:
class 0,1/0,2 or 0,5 for 0,8 - 1,2 x UN
rated voltage 6.5/3 V : 100/3 V
rated burden 25 VA

Protection Amplifier EVT-P3:
class 3P for 0,05 - 1,5 x UN
rated voltage 6.5/3 V : 100/3 V
rated burden 5 VA

Protection Amplifier EVT-P3EN
for connection to preamplifiers EVT-VC
of phases L1, L2 und L3.
rated voltage 3x6.5/3 V : 100/3 V
rated burden 5 VA
primary short circuit with oscillating recovery voltage
short interrupt with trapped charges
400 kV GIS at BEWAG Berlin
pF capacity can be used.
For the classical capacitive v.t. the inductive part can be
substituted to an electronic low-voltage part to eliminate the
known resonant problems and sawtooth frequencies and
offers better transient behavier.
The excellent long-term stability of electronic components
together with suitable high-voltage capacitors allow the
design of precise voltage transformers of class 0,1 which
can be calibrated on site with burdens up to 25 VA at 100/

Common Data:
2 redundant power supplies
lumuniscence diode for ready
4 contacts (make and break) and
lumuniscence diode for amplification
faulty above 2.5% in 0.8 - 1.9 x U
N
or
supply voltage faulty above 20%
lumuniscence diode for stored faults
clear-key for reset stored fault
fault detection time = 2 ms
reaktion time of contakts < 6 ms

Saturation effects caused by d.c.
transiens are not possible because of the
direct coupled iron-free output stage
without transformer.

Short-Circuit Protection
Any load between no load and short
circuit does not disturb the output
amplifier.

Reverse-feeding Protection of Output:
Any voltage feeded to the output below
<= 1,9 x UN does not disturb the output
amplifier.

Supervising Concept
The supervising relays are active
normally and falls inactive in case of a
fault.
The voltage level of the virtual input on
input and the output voltage of the
amplifiers continuously are supervised.
In case a deviation greater than an error
limit of 2.5% with respect to the peak
value of U
N
during a time interval greater
than a specified fault detection time will
cause an error.
A deviation of a supply voltage greater
than 20% of the nominal value will
cause an error.

Adaptation and Calibration Amplifier
for unconventional VTs and CTs
Application as adaptation amplifier of
unconventional electronic voltage
transformers of any type from 4-5-6.5/3
V secundary voltage up to 100/3 Volt
for capacitive coupling with minimized transient errors
28
Phone +49 9503-504 3568 / Fax -504 6150 (Office)
Phone +49 9544-987 1204 / Fax -987 1726 (Works)
TRAS F2
-E
DR. STRAUSS

Impulse Measurement
www.strauss-mess.de

For further informations please contact:
Manufacturer:


Office +49 9503 504 3568 Fax +49 09503 504 6150
Works +49 9544 987 1204 Fax +49 09544 987 1726
Representative

Tapchanger Test Plant at MR Reinhausen Germany
equipped with TR-AS Measuring Systems
Systems based on TR-AS 10-12 with 8 analogue
inputs for measuring voltage, current and torque and
32 digital inputs for contact events.
Software for automatic routine test with verification of
test results with given parameters.
Technical data and design subject to change without notice. Alternative design on request.
Tapchanger Test Plant
more than 20 test plants at MR Reinhausen, Germany
equipped with TR-AS Measuring Systems

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DR. STRAUSS MESSTECHNIK GMBH

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