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    Birds of Prey

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    r1ght3r
    1) On October 30, 1908, a newspaper called El Renacimiento published an article that tended to injure the reputation of Dean C. Worcester, an official of the Philippine Republic at the time. 2) The article contained elements of libel, including defamation that degraded Worcester's personality and exposed him to public humiliation. It also allowed readers to easily identify Worcester through symbolisms and references to his scientific work. 3) Malice was present, as statements made by witnesses about Worcester's properties were found to be false and unreliable.

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    Birds of Prey

    Uploaded by

    r1ght3r
    1K views2 pages
    1) On October 30, 1908, a newspaper called El Renacimiento published an article that tended to injure the reputation of Dean C. Worcester, an official of the Philippine Republic at the time. 2) The article contained elements of libel, including defamation that degraded Worcester's personality and exposed him to public humiliation. It also allowed readers to easily identify Worcester through symbolisms and references to his scientific work. 3) Malice was present, as statements made by witnesses about Worcester's properties were found to be false and unreliable.

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    Report about the Birds of Prey

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    1) On October 30, 1908, a newspaper called El Renacimiento published an article that tended to injure the reputation of Dean C. Worcester, an official of the Philippine Republic at the time. 2) The article contained elements of libel, including defamation that degraded Worcester's personality and exposed him to public humiliation. It also allowed readers to easily identify Worcester through symbolisms and references to his scientific work. 3) Malice was present, as statements made by witnesses about Worcester's properties were found to be false and unreliable.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Birds of Prey

    Uploaded by

    r1ght3r
    1) On October 30, 1908, a newspaper called El Renacimiento published an article that tended to injure the reputation of Dean C. Worcester, an official of the Philippine Republic at the time. 2) The article contained elements of libel, including defamation that degraded Worcester's personality and exposed him to public humiliation. It also allowed readers to easily identify Worcester through symbolisms and references to his scientific work. 3) Malice was present, as statements made by witnesses about Worcester's properties were found to be false and unreliable.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Birds of Prey

    I. Background of the Case



    On October 30, 1908, a certain newspaper, El Renacimiento, was said to
    have printed, published and circulated an article which showed the tendency to
    injure the reputation of Dean C. Worcester who was at that time, an official of
    the Republic of the Philippines. Martin Ocampo, Teodoro M. Kalaw, Lope K.
    Santos, Fidel A. Reyes, and Faustino Aguilar were the responsible persons for the
    said publication. Printed in both Spanish and Tagalog languages in the city of
    Manila, the article was said to have exposed Worcester to public disgust,
    disrespect, and ridicule.

    II. Elements of Libel Evident in the Case

    A. Defamation

    It is defined as the communication that tends to hurt a person's
    reputation. The words used can be classified as per quod which are
    indirect, ironic or metaphoric. This article served as an instrument to
    degrade the personality of the complainant. He (complainant) was
    exposed to public humiliation.

    B. Identification

    Even though the writer used symbolisms in the said article, still third
    persons/ readers could easily identify who was being defamed. For example, in
    the passage: Presenting himself on all occasions with the wrinkled brow of the
    scientist who consumes his life in the mysteries of the laboratory of science,
    when his whole scientific labor is confine or dissecting insects and importing fish
    eggs of this country were less nourishing and less savory, so as to make it worth
    the replacing them with species coming from other climes.
    At that time, it is obvious that the complainant, Dean C. Worcester, has
    supervision and control of the Bureau of Science of the Government of the
    Philippine Islands and is widely known as a man devoted to the study of science
    and that he has the capacity and caused the Philippine Islands fish eggs to be
    imported, for the purpose of stocking the mountain springs.


    C. Malice
    Malice in fact was present in the case. In an instance given by the court,
    the statements by the witnesses about the properties of the complainant
    in Benguet, Mindoro, and Nueva Ecija showed falsity and unreliability thus,
    nullified by the very trustworthy witnesses for the government.
    D. Publication
    The said act of defamation and libel was published by the accused was
    published under large and conspicuous headlines. El Renacimiento, the
    newspaper which contained the article, was widely disseminated throughout the
    city of Manila.

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