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    Iit Quiz

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    divyaevats
    This document contains the solutions to 5 questions from a mathematics quiz. The solutions show that: 1) A system of equations Ax = 0 having a non-trivial solution means the system A^t x = b cannot have a unique solution. 2) Two sets of vectors were shown not to be subspaces of R^2. 3) A counterexample was given to disprove a statement about linearly dependent sets of vectors. 4) It was proved that if matrices A and B have sizes m×n and n×m with m>n, then the matrix AB is not invertible. 5) A basis was found for the subspace spanned by 4 given vectors.

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    Iit Quiz

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    divyaevats
    90 views2 pages
    This document contains the solutions to 5 questions from a mathematics quiz. The solutions show that: 1) A system of equations Ax = 0 having a non-trivial solution means the system A^t x = b cannot have a unique solution. 2) Two sets of vectors were shown not to be subspaces of R^2. 3) A counterexample was given to disprove a statement about linearly dependent sets of vectors. 4) It was proved that if matrices A and B have sizes m×n and n×m with m>n, then the matrix AB is not invertible. 5) A basis was found for the subspace spanned by 4 given vectors.

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    IIT 1st semester quiz

    Original Title

    IIT QUIZ

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    This document contains the solutions to 5 questions from a mathematics quiz. The solutions show that: 1) A system of equations Ax = 0 having a non-trivial solution means the system A^t x = b cannot have a unique solution. 2) Two sets of vectors were shown not to be subspaces of R^2. 3) A counterexample was given to disprove a statement about linearly dependent sets of vectors. 4) It was proved that if matrices A and B have sizes m×n and n×m with m>n, then the matrix AB is not invertible. 5) A basis was found for the subspace spanned by 4 given vectors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    90 views2 pages

    Iit Quiz

    Uploaded by

    divyaevats
    This document contains the solutions to 5 questions from a mathematics quiz. The solutions show that: 1) A system of equations Ax = 0 having a non-trivial solution means the system A^t x = b cannot have a unique solution. 2) Two sets of vectors were shown not to be subspaces of R^2. 3) A counterexample was given to disprove a statement about linearly dependent sets of vectors. 4) It was proved that if matrices A and B have sizes m×n and n×m with m>n, then the matrix AB is not invertible. 5) A basis was found for the subspace spanned by 4 given vectors.

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    DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, IIT GUWAHATI

    MA101: Mathematics I Quiz I (Maximum Marks: 10)


    Date: August 26, 2011 Time: 8 am - 8:50 am
    Model Solutions
    1. Let A be an n n matrix such that the system of equations Ax = 0 has a non-trivial solution. Is it possible that
    the system of equations A
    t
    x = b has a unique solution for some b R
    n
    ? Justify. 2
    Solution: Since Ax = 0 has a non-trivial solution, we have rank(A) < n. We know that rank(A
    t
    ) = rank(A),
    and so rank(A
    t
    ) < n. If rank[A
    t
    | b] = rank(A
    t
    ), then the system A
    t
    x = b has no solution. If rank[A
    t
    | b] =
    rank(A
    t
    ) < n, then the system A
    t
    x = b will have innitely many solutions. In either case, A
    t
    x = b cannot have
    a unique solution.
    Aliter
    Since the system of equations Ax = 0 has a non-trivial solution, we nd that the matrix A is not invertible. We
    also know that A is invertible i A
    t
    is invertible. Thus the matrix A
    t
    is not invertible, and hence the system of
    equations A
    t
    x = b cannot have a unique solution for any b R
    n
    .
    2. Examine whether the following sets are subspaces of R
    2
    : 1+1
    (a) {[x, y]
    t
    : x R, y Z} (b) {[x, y]
    t
    R
    2
    : 2x +y = 0 or x + 2y = 0}.
    Solution: (a) Let S = {[x, y]
    t
    : x R, y Z}. We see that [0, 1]
    t
    S and
    1
    2
    R, but
    1
    2
    [0, 1]
    t
    =

    0,
    1
    2

    t
    / S.
    Hence S is not a subspace of R
    2
    .
    (b) Let T = {[x, y]
    t
    R
    2
    : 2x + y = 0 or x + 2y = 0}. We see that [1, 2]
    t
    T and [2, 1]
    t
    T, but
    [1, 2]
    t
    + [2, 1]
    t
    = [1, 1]
    t
    / T. Hence T is not a subspace of R
    2
    .
    3. Prove or disprove: If S = {v
    1
    , v
    2
    , v
    3
    , v
    4
    , v
    5
    , v
    6
    } is a linearly dependent set of vectors in R
    5
    then each vector of S
    must be a linear combination of the remaining vectors of S. 2
    Solution: Consider the set S = {v
    1
    , v
    2
    , v
    3
    , v
    4
    , v
    5
    , v
    6
    }, where v
    1
    = [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    t
    , v
    2
    = [0, 1, 0, 0, 0]
    t
    , v
    3
    =
    [0, 0, 1, 0, 0]
    t
    , v
    4
    = [0, 0, 0, 1, 0]
    t
    , v
    5
    = [0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
    t
    and v
    6
    = 0 = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    t
    . Clearly S is a linearly dependent
    set, since 0 S. However, the vectors v
    1
    , v
    2
    , v
    3
    , v
    4
    and v
    5
    are linearly independent and v
    6
    = 0. Hence v
    1
    is not
    a linear combination of the vectors v
    2
    , v
    3
    , v
    4
    , v
    5
    and v
    6
    .
    Thus, the given statement is disproved by the above counterexample.
    4. Let A and B be two matrices of sizes mn and n m respectively and let m > n. Prove that the matrix AB is
    not invertible. 2
    Solution: We have rank(AB) rank(B) n < m. Since AB is an m m matrix and rank(AB) < m, we nd
    that the matrix AB is not invertible.
    Aliter
    Since rank(B) n < m, we have that there is non-zero solution of the system Bx = 0. Let u R
    m
    be such that
    u = 0 and Bu = 0. Then we have (AB)u = A(Bu) = A0 = 0. Thus u is also a non-zero solution of the system
    (AB)x = 0. Hence the matrix AB is not invertible.
    5. Find a basis for the subspace spanned by the vectors [2, 1, 3, 1]
    t
    , [1, 2, 0, 1]
    t
    , [0, 2, 2, 1]
    t
    and [1, 1, 1, 1]
    t
    . 2
    Solution: We have

    1 2 0 1
    2 1 3 1
    0 2 2 1
    1 1 1 1

    R
    2
    R
    2
    2R
    1

    1 2 0 1
    0 3 3 1
    0 2 2 1
    1 1 1 1

    R
    4
    R
    4
    R
    1

    1 2 0 1
    0 3 3 1
    0 2 2 1
    0 1 1 0

    R
    2

    1
    3
    R
    2

    1 2 0 1
    0 1 1
    1
    3
    0 2 2 1
    0 1 1 0

    R
    3
    R
    3
    + 2R
    2

    1 2 0 1
    0 1 1
    1
    3
    0 0 0
    1
    3
    0 1 1 0

    R
    4
    R
    4
    +R
    2

    1 2 0 1
    0 1 1
    1
    3
    0 0 0
    1
    3
    0 0 0
    1
    3

    R
    4
    R
    4
    +R
    3

    1 2 0 1
    0 1 1
    1
    3
    0 0 0
    1
    3
    0 0 0 0

    The last matrix is in row-echelon form. Hence a basis for the subspace spanned by the given vectors is

    [1, 2, 0, 1]
    t
    , [0, 1, 1,
    1
    3
    ]
    t
    , [0, 0, 0,
    1
    3
    ]
    t

    .
    End

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