Ch.2 HW

Newsha Sajadi
10 Feb 2014
Firtha
CHEM 110
Chapter 2 Homework: 10;12;29;34;53;62;64;67;70;72;80;81;85;91;100;108;112;117;128
10) Rutherford: determined structure of atom and proed that Thomson's plum pudding model was
wrong.
If the gold atoms were like blue berry muffins, their mass and charge would spread throughout
the gold foil with minimum deflection. Majority of particles passed, but some particles were
deflected and some (1 in 20,000) even bounced back. Mass and positive charge of an atom must
all be concentrated in a space much smaller than the atom itself.
12) Variation in its density is on such a small scale that our eyes cannot see it. One does not fall into the
other.
29). H2 + O2 H20
Mass H: 1.50g
Mass Oxygen: 12.0 g
H20 = 13.50 g
Vaporized: law of conservation of mass: 13.5 H20g
34).
MgFl - > 1.65 kg Mg + 2.57 kg Fl

MgFl - > 1.32 kg Mg + 2.056 kg Fl
= 2.06 Fl = 2.06 x 10^3 Fl
53. Determine the number of protons and neutrons in each isotope

a. 14N 7 protons, 7 neutrons
7
b. 23 Na 11 protons, 12 neutrons
11
c. 222 Rn 86 protons, 136 neutrons
86
d. 208 Pb 82 protons, 126 neutrons
82
62. Symbol
Cl
Te
Br
Sr
Ion Formed
ClTe2BrSr2+
Number of Electrons in Ion

18
54
36
36
Number of Protons in Ion

17
52
35
38
64. Write the symbol for each element and classify it as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid.
a. gold Au Metal
b. Fluorine Fl Nonmetal
c. Sodium Na Metal
d. Tin Sn Nonmetal
e. Argon Ar Nonmetal
67.
Classify each element as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, halogen, or noble gas
a. Sodium Alkali metal
b. Iodine Halogen
c. Calcium Alkaline earth metal
d. Barium Alkaline earth metal
e. Krypton Noble gas
70. Which pair of elements do you expect to be most similar?

a. Nitrogen and oxygen not in the same group not similar
b. Titanium and gallium titanium is a transitoin element and gallium is a main group element they do not show similar properties
c. Lithium and sodium lithium and sodium belong to the same group (1A) of the periodic
table. They show similar properties.
d. Germanium and Arsenic Germanium is a 4A group element and Arsenic is a 5A group
element. They are not similar.
r. Argon and Brome Argon is a noble gas and Bromine is a halogen. They do not show similar
properties
72.
a. Mg-24 = (23.9850)(.7899)
b. Mg-25 = (24.9858) (.1000)
c. Mg-26 = (25.9826) (.1101)
= (23.9850)(.7899) + (24.9858) (.1000) + (25.9826) (.1101) = 24.3050 amu
80. How many moles of aluminum do 5.8 x 10^25 aluminum atoms represent?
5.8 x 10^25
--------------- x 1 mol Al = 9.62 mol
6.022 x 10^23
81.What is the amount, in moles, of each elemental shape?

a. 11.8g Ar = 11.8/39.95 x 1 mol Ar = .2953 = .295 mol Ar
b. 3.55g Zn = 3.55/65.38 x 1 mol Zn = 0.0543 mol Zn
c. 26.1g Ta = 26.1/180.95x 1 mol Ta = 0.144 mol Ta
d. 0.211g Li = 0.211/6.941 x 1 mol Li = 0.0304 mol Li
85. Calculate the number of atoms in each sample.
a. 5.18 g P = (6.023 x 10^23 atoms)/(30.97 g P) x (5.18 g P)
= 1.007 x 10^23 atoms
b. 2.26 g Hg
(6.023 x 10^23 atoms) / (200.6 g Hg) x (2.26 g Hg)
=6.78 x 10^21 atoms
c. 1.87 g Bi
(6.023 x 10^23 atoms) / (209.0g Bi) x (1.87 g Bi)
= 5.38 x 10^21 atoms
d. 0.082 g Sr
(6.023 x 10^23 atoms) / (87.62 Sr) x (0.082 g Sr)
= 5.63 x 10^20 atoms
91. Calculate the average mass, in grams, of one platinum atom
One mole of platinum atom has the mass of 195.1g
1 mole has Avogadro number (6.023 x 10^23) of atoms
Mass of one platinum atom = (195.1g x 1 atom) / (6.023 x 10^23 atoms)
= 3.239 x 10^-22g
100. Symbol
Si
S2Cu2+
P
Z
14
16
29
15
A
28
32
53
31
Number of p Number of e- Number of n Charge

14
14
14
0
16
18
16
229
27
24
2+
15
15
16
0
108. A pure titanium cube has an edge length of 2.78 in. How many titanium atoms does it contain?
Titanium has a density of 4.50 g/cm^3
a. a = 2.78 in x (2.54 cm/1in) = 7.0612 cm
a^3 = (7.0612 cm)^3 = 352.08 cm^3
Density of titanium = 4.50 g / cm ^ 3
= 4.50 g / cm ^ 3 x 352.07 cm ^ 3
= 1584.315 g
Molar mass of titanium = 47.88 g / mol
1 mole of titanium contains Avogadro number (6.022 x 10 ^ 23) of atoms. Conversion...
(6.022 x 10^23 atoms) / (47.88 g)
Multiply molar mass of titanium with conversation factor to find # of titanium atoms
1584.315 g (6.022 x 10^23 / 47.88 g) = 1.99 x 10^25 atoms
= 1.99 x 10^25 number of titanium atoms in the cube
112.
Density of the brass = 8.48 g/cm^3

Volume of the brass = 112.5 cm ^3
Percentage of the Zn = 37.0 %
Calculate mass of Cu and Zn alloy
m = 112.5 cm ^3 x 8.48 g/cm 3
=954g
Calculate mass of Zn in Cu-Zn alloy by conversion
954 Cu-Zn alloy x (37.0 g Zn)/(100g Cu-Zn alloy) = 353 g Zn
= 353 g Zn
Find number of atoms present in 353g Zn by conversion
353 g Zn x (1 mol Zn/65.38 g Zn) x (6.023 x 10^23 atoms / 1 mol Zn) = 32.5 x 10^23 atoms
Mass of Cu (has 63%) in Cu-Zn alloy by conversion
954 g Cu-Zn x (63.0g Cu /100g Cu-Zn) = 601 g Cu
Number of atoms of Cu present in the alloy
623 g Cu x (1 mol Cu/ 63.55 g ) x (6.023 x 10^23 atoms / 1 mol Cu) = 56.96 x 10^23 atoms
=57.0 x 10^23 atoms
Total atoms present in alloy
= (32.5 x 10^23 atom + 57.0 x 10^23 atom) = 89.5 x 10^23 atom
= 9.00 x 10^24 atoms
= Number of atoms present in alloy = 9.00 x 10^24 atoms
117.
Given mass of the 18k gold bracelet = 0.255 oz

= 0.255 oz x 28.35/ 1 oz
= 7.23 g
18k gold only contains 75% gold that means it contains...
7.23 g gold bracelet x (75.g gold / 100g gold bracelet) = 5.42g gold
Calculate number of atoms present in 5.42g gold by conversion
5.42 g gold x (1mol gold/ 196.97g gold) x (6.023 x 10^23 atoms/1 mol gold) = 0.166 x 10^23
atoms
= 1.66 x 10^22 atoms
0.255 oz gold bracelet contains 1.66 x 10^22 atoms when 75% gold is present
128. Given mass of the elements are,

a. 55.0 g Cr, b. 45.0 g Ti, c. 60 g Zn
Number of moles of an element is defined as the ratio of mass of the element to the molar mass
of the element
Molar mass of the given elements are

Cr 52.00 g/mol
Ti 47.87 g/mol
Zn 65.41 g/mol
In the case of Titanium and Zinc, the molar masses are greater than their masses so the number
of moles is less than one. But for the Chromium the molar mass is less than its mass. So the
number of moles for chromium are greater than 1. Hence Chromium has more number of moles.
Among the given elements, Zn has the greatest mass.

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Newsha Sajadi

MgFl - > 1.65 kg Mg + 2.57 kg Fl

53. Determine the number of protons and neutrons in each isotope

Number of Electrons in Ion

Number of Protons in Ion

70. Which pair of elements do you expect to be most similar?

81.What is the amount, in moles, of each elemental shape?

Number of p Number of e- Number of n Charge

Density of the brass = 8.48 g/cm^3

Given mass of the 18k gold bracelet = 0.255 oz

128. Given mass of the elements are,

Molar mass of the given elements are

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