SECTION 2: FUEL REFINERIES

FUEL REFINERY
Fuel Refinery has capacity of processing 52000 barrels per day. Fuel refinery system is also
suitable for processing local crude oil as well as imported crude oil other than Arabian Light.

Process Description
Crude oil from storage tanks is pumped by 101 P1 A/B at pressure of 286 psig to Pre heat
exchanger train. Before entering in preheat train 5-10 ppm of NaOH and DEM are injected. In
preheat exchanger train crude first enters in tube side of E1 A/B/C/D where it exchange heat with
TPA and attain temperature of 130 F then it enters T/S of E2 A/B where it gain temperature to
167 F. After E2 it enters E55 A/B/C/D and E18 where MPA heat feed to temperature to 240 F.
This heated feed enters desalter where crude is desalted to below 2%. Deslated Crude again
enters pre heat train where it first enters 101 E50A/B, E53 A/B/C/D and E51 A/B/C to attain
final temperature of 343 F. This crude enters Preflash Column i.e. 101 C6 which is being
operated at 21 psig . Here 14% of Crude is vaporized and leave the flash column from top at 228
F and 16 psig and passing thorough E 24 and E25 enters Vessel V18 at temperature of 120 F.
Liquid oil is pumped through p17 and via FCV 302 is refluxed to plate 1. Reduced crude leaves
the column at310F and 16 psig and is pumped to E4 shell side and attains temperature of 340 F.
then it enters E6 A/B/C to attain temperature of 400 F and via FCV 98, 97 enters fired heater
101 F1. It leaves the furnace with temperature of 665 F and 30 psig and enters 101 C1 between
plates 39 and 31.

Ahsan Jalal
NRL # 60275

Naphtha Circuit:
The naphtha removed from 101 C1 at 247 F and passing through E 12 A/B/C and E3 enters V7
at 122 F. The naphtha is pumped by P8 and apart is refluxed to column via FCV 157 and other
part is combined with the distillate of C6 and is transported to E 54 where it attains temp of 247
F and enters C2 stabilizer where feed enters at 20th tray. Lighter end is removed at temperature
200F which is pumped by P9 via FCV 165 refluxed to column and part of it sent to C 5. At
bottom part of naphtha is re boiled by E 10 and at temp 350F is sent back to column. Total
Naphtha is then sent to C3 at 451 F where it splits in light naphtha and heavy naphtha. Light
naphtha is collected from top sent to V9 where it is pumped by P10 and a part is refluxed via
FCV 226 and part of it is sent either to storage or merox unit. Heavy naphtha is pumped by p11
and sent to rundown at 275 F.
Kerosene Circuit
Kerosene is Collected at 367 F from tray 13 or 15 and is fed to C4 A/B via LIC 140 and 130 .
Part of it is sent back to 101 C1 12th tray. Kerosene From bottom of the column is pumped by P4
and p5 via FCV 207 A/B at pressure 10kg/cm2 to E2 and E 15 where ir cool down to 140 F. It
either rundown by PCV 278 or dumped to HSD by FCV 275.

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SECTION 2: FUEL REFINERIES

HSD Circuit.
HSD is drawn from 26th tray at 541 F and is fed to 101 C 7 where overhead is sent back to 24th
tray of C1 and bottom is collected at 470F to be transported by P 50 via FCV 206 to E4 A/B
where it cool down 350 F. Then it goes to E54 and E16 to attain temperature of 120 F. HSD is
either dumped to FO via FCV 276 or rundown down via PCV 276 or dumped to LDO by
FCV270.
Furnace Oil Circuit.
Furnace oil is collected at 645 F and is pumped by P3 to E10 to where its flow is controlled by
TCV 186 .After E 10 it enters LCV 115 enters 101 E6 A/B/C and A53 A/B/C/D to cool down to
320 F then it is further cooled down by E17 to 260 F then it enters E8 and Via PCV 272 it is sent
to storage.

TWO STAGE UNIT

Ahsan Jalal
NRL # 60275

Atmospheric Distillation:

Crude Oil from storage tank at maximum 500 bbls/ hr is pumped 01- P1 A/B/C to pre heat
section i.e. passing through E01 and E02 to attain 200 F and enters Desalter Unit. After desalting
effluent crude passes through series of exchanger from E03 to E08 and attain temperature of 260
and pressure of 218 psig. This crude enters tube still to attain temperature of 660 F and enters
column C-1 for atmospheric distillation. Top Pump around is taken from 5th tray and sent back to
3rd tray passing through shell side of E-01.
Overhead Circuit:
Naptha is removed from the top as overhead at temperature of 245 F and cooled via EA 13 and
E9 and enters vessel 01 V-1 where it is pumped through P6 A/B to storage or 101 CDU via FRC
14 and part of its is refluxed back to column at 4th tray via FRC 8.
KERO Circuit.
Kerosene from C1 is fed to C2 via LIC 1 at rate of 105 bbls / hr at temperature of 340 F and
pressure 16 psig. Kerosene is rundown or dumped in HSD via pump p2 and air cooler E10 and
FRC 3 A/B.
HSD and HDO Circuit:
LIC 2 and LIC 3 controls the flow of HSD and HDO to their respective side strippers where they
are pumped to storage by P3 and P5 passing through different exchangers via FRC 4 and 5. HSD
is collected and temperature of 560 F and HDO at 580 F. They re cooled to temperature 110 F.
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SECTION 2: FUEL REFINERIES

Reduced Crude:
P8 pumped reduced crude of atmos tower at 225 bbl/hr and temperature 650 F via FRC 6 to F-02
for further Heating.
Properties to maintained at Unit.

SP Grv
Color Saybolt
IBP
FBP

Naphtha
.67-.69
+28-+30
32-34
160-168

Kerosene
.78-.795
+28-+30
138-140
265-275

Pour Point
Flash Point
Viscosity

36-38
-

HSD
90%
Distillation:
362-367
Max -3
54 Min

Ahsan Jalal
NRL # 60275

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Atmos Bot
-

Min 300