Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 94 views

    Blood Grouping

    Uploaded by

    Jalajarani Aridass
    The document discusses blood typing and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - depending on the presence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the RhD antigen, with Rh-negative and Rh-positive blood types. Proper blood typing is important for safe blood transfusions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Blood Grouping

    Uploaded by

    Jalajarani Aridass
    94 views3 pages
    The document discusses blood typing and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - depending on the presence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the RhD antigen, with Rh-negative and Rh-positive blood types. Proper blood typing is important for safe blood transfusions.

    Original Description:

    notes

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses blood typing and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - depending on the presence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the RhD antigen, with Rh-negative and Rh-positive blood types. Proper blood typing is important for safe blood transfusions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    94 views3 pages

    Blood Grouping

    Uploaded by

    Jalajarani Aridass
    The document discusses blood typing and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - depending on the presence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the RhD antigen, with Rh-negative and Rh-positive blood types. Proper blood typing is important for safe blood transfusions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    The McGill Physiology Virtual Lab

    Your browser does not support script


    Blood Laboratory

    Blood typing
    The blood groups refer to the presence on
    human red blood cells of certain antigens,
    the blood group factors. One very important
    group of factors present on the red blood cells is
    the ABO system. The ABO group of a person
    depends on whether his/her red blood cells
    contain one, both, or neither of the 2 blood
    group antigens A and B. There are, therefore, 4
    main ABO groups: A, B, AB and O.
    Antibodies (agglutinins) for the antigens A and
    B exist in the plasma and these are termed antiA and anti-B. The corresponding antigen and
    antibody are never found in the same individual
    since, when mixed, they form antigen-antibody
    complexes, effectively agglutinating the blood.

    Testing for ABO Group - Procedure

    One end of a slide is labelled Anti-A, and the


    other Anti-B. A drop of Anti-A test serum is added
    to the end marked Anti-A, and a drop of Anti-B
    serum is added to the end marked Anti-B.

    One drop of blood is added to each end of the


    slide, and mixed well, using separate wooden
    sticks.

    The results are read directly from the slide. The


    subject is blood group A if agglutination occurred
    with the Anti-A test serum; group B if
    agglutination occurred with the Anti-B test serum;
    group AB if agglutination occurred with both test
    serums, and O if there was no agglutination in
    either case. In the sample to the right, we
    conclude the subject has type A blood.

    Examine the slides below and determine the blood type of the subject in each case. Click below to
    check your answer.

    What is the answer?


    When transfusing blood, it is important to remember that the donor's blood must not contain red blood
    cells that the recipient's antibodies can agglutinate. Theoretically, then, individuals belonging to blood
    group O are universal donors, while those of blood group AB are universal recipients.

    The Rh System
    Rh antigens, named for the rhesus monkey in which they were first discovered, are also surface
    antigens expressed on red blood cells. There are a few Rh antigens (common one is called D). Red
    cells expressing the Rh antigens are called Rh positive. Red cells which do not express this surface
    antigen are Rh negative (about 15% of the human population is Rh negative).
    Rh system becomes important when one considers the eventuality of Rh incompatibility between
    mother and fetus; in such a case, the antibody-mediated cytotoxicity mechanism involved threatens
    the well-being of the fetus.
    During birth, a leakage of the baby's red blood cells often occurs into the mother's circulation. If the
    baby is Rh positive (inheriting the trait from its father) and the mother is Rh negative, these red cells

    will cause the mother to manufacture antibodies against the Rh antigen. The antibodies (IgG class)
    do not cause problems for that first born, but can cross the placenta and attack the red cells of a
    subsequent Rh+ fetus. The red cells are destroyed, leading to anemia and jaundice. The disease erythroblastosis fetalis or hemolytic disease of the newborn- may result in fetal death.

    Click here to return to the Virtual lab home page

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy