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    Homework 1

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    Kristianne Mae Echavez
    The document is a math homework assignment containing two problems. Problem 1 asks the student to write a differential equation modeling the rate of a drug entering and leaving the bloodstream, and find the amount of drug present after a long time. The student correctly writes the differential equation and uses a direction field to determine the equilibrium amount is 1250 mg. Problem 2 asks the student to show that the half-life τ and decay rate r of a radioactive material satisfy the equation rτ = ln 2. The student solves the given differential equation relating the material amount Q to time, applies an initial condition, and sets the amount at time τ equal to the half-life definition to derive the desired equation.

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    Homework 1

    Uploaded by

    Kristianne Mae Echavez
    165 views2 pages
    The document is a math homework assignment containing two problems. Problem 1 asks the student to write a differential equation modeling the rate of a drug entering and leaving the bloodstream, and find the amount of drug present after a long time. The student correctly writes the differential equation and uses a direction field to determine the equilibrium amount is 1250 mg. Problem 2 asks the student to show that the half-life τ and decay rate r of a radioactive material satisfy the equation rτ = ln 2. The student solves the given differential equation relating the material amount Q to time, applies an initial condition, and sets the amount at time τ equal to the half-life definition to derive the desired equation.

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    MATH24

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    The document is a math homework assignment containing two problems. Problem 1 asks the student to write a differential equation modeling the rate of a drug entering and leaving the bloodstream, and find the amount of drug present after a long time. The student correctly writes the differential equation and uses a direction field to determine the equilibrium amount is 1250 mg. Problem 2 asks the student to show that the half-life τ and decay rate r of a radioactive material satisfy the equation rτ = ln 2. The student solves the given differential equation relating the material amount Q to time, applies an initial condition, and sets the amount at time τ equal to the half-life definition to derive the desired equation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    165 views2 pages

    Homework 1

    Uploaded by

    Kristianne Mae Echavez
    The document is a math homework assignment containing two problems. Problem 1 asks the student to write a differential equation modeling the rate of a drug entering and leaving the bloodstream, and find the amount of drug present after a long time. The student correctly writes the differential equation and uses a direction field to determine the equilibrium amount is 1250 mg. Problem 2 asks the student to show that the half-life τ and decay rate r of a radioactive material satisfy the equation rτ = ln 2. The student solves the given differential equation relating the material amount Q to time, applies an initial condition, and sets the amount at time τ equal to the half-life definition to derive the desired equation.

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    You are on page 1of 2

    Brian Bowers

    MATH 20D
    Homework 1
    January 10, 2012

    Homework 1
    1.1 #24 A certain drug is being administered intravenously to a hospital patient. Fluid containing
    5mg/cm3 of the drug enters the patients bloodstream at a rate of 100cm3 /h. The drug is absorbed by
    body tissues or otherwise leaves the bloodstream at a rate proportional to the amount present, with a rate
    constant of 0.4(h)1 .
    (a) Assuming that the drug is always uniformly distributed throughout the bloodstream, write a differential
    equation for the amount of the drug that is present in the bloodstream at any time.
    (b) How much of the drug is present in the bloodstream after a long time?
    We want M to represent the mass of the drug in the bloodstream.
    3

    mg
    cm
    (a) We want to write an equation for M 0 . Since the it enters at a rate of 5 cm
    = 500 mg
    3 100 h
    h , and since
    it leaves at a rate proportional to the amount present [M mg] with a specified rate constant [0.4(h)1 ],
    we find that the drug leaves at a rate of 0.4(h)1 M mg = .4M mg
    h . Thus, in the end, we find the
    differential equation
    M 0 = 500 .4M

    (b) I will create a direction field for M 0 . The most important feature on the direction field is the equilibrium
    solution (which means that M 0 = 0. We solve 0 = 500 0.4M = 0.4M = 500 = M = 1250. We
    can look at values close to 1250 to get a clear picture of what happens.

    We can see based on this direction field that the amount of the drug will approach 1250 after a long
    time.
    

    1.2 #13 The half-life of a radioactive material is the time required for an amount of this material to
    decay to one-half its original value. Show that for any radioactive material that decays according to the
    equation Q0 = rQ, the half-life and the decay rate r satisfy the equation r = ln 2.
    Lets solve the differential equation that were given.
    dQ
    = rQ
    dt
    dQ
    = rdt [separating variables]
    Q
    ln |Q| = rt + C [integrating]
    Q = ert+C

    Now, we need to use an initial condition to solve for C. We can refer to the initial amount of the substance
    as Q0 . Thus, Q(0) = Q0 . Thus, we can solve to see that
    Q0 = er(0)+C
    Q0 = eC
    C = ln Q0

    Thus, the differential equations solution is Q = ert+ln Q0 , which we can rewrite as Q = eln Q0 ert , which
    can in trun rewrite as Q = Q0 ert . Now lets use this equation to find the half-life. If the amount of the
    substance remaining is one-half of its original value at time t = , then the amount is Q0 /2. So, we see that
    Q0
    = Q0 er
    2
    1
    = er [dividing by Q0 ]
    2
    ln 2 = r [taking the ln of both sides]
    r = ln 2 [dividing both sides by 1]

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