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    Smart Parking

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    Moroianu Gabriel
    The document describes an innovative smart parking management system developed by Sterela that uses buried sensors connected by a star network to detect parking occupancy without any infrastructure deployment, allowing drivers to be guided to empty spots and managers to monitor parking usage and issue overtime alerts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Smart Parking

    Uploaded by

    Moroianu Gabriel
    197 views26 pages
    The document describes an innovative smart parking management system developed by Sterela that uses buried sensors connected by a star network to detect parking occupancy without any infrastructure deployment, allowing drivers to be guided to empty spots and managers to monitor parking usage and issue overtime alerts.

    Original Description:

    A paper showcasing smart parking solutions

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    The document describes an innovative smart parking management system developed by Sterela that uses buried sensors connected by a star network to detect parking occupancy without any infrastructure deployment, allowing drivers to be guided to empty spots and managers to monitor parking usage and issue overtime alerts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    197 views26 pages

    Smart Parking

    Uploaded by

    Moroianu Gabriel
    The document describes an innovative smart parking management system developed by Sterela that uses buried sensors connected by a star network to detect parking occupancy without any infrastructure deployment, allowing drivers to be guided to empty spots and managers to monitor parking usage and issue overtime alerts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 26

    Innovative smart parking

    management system and low


    cost asset tracking with no
    infrastructure deployment
    Julien HENAUT PhD, Project Leader
    Julien.henaut@sterela.fr
    http://www.cewitt.ecs.soton.ac.uk/

    CONTENTS
    Sterela and parking related issues

    How to design an efficient parking sensor system ?


    Sensors networks Architecture

    Antennas for buried applications


    Low power electronics

    Detection algorithms with a two step process


    Conclusion

    STERELA
    Sterela is a French company with over 34 years of experience in traffic analysis
    sensors
    Sterela has 4 Strategic business units :
    Defense
    Meteorology
    Services
    I-traffic

    Sterela group is a cluster of 3 SMEs:


    Sterela, Survision and AFS2R
    Sterela can support you on every step of the project: from the definition of the needs
    to the supportability in operating conditions, including the installation of the sensors or
    the definition of human machine interface
    124 employees in 2013 (80 in 2010)
    Turnover : 23.5 M in 2011/2012
    5 implantations in France

    INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS & SMART CITY

    Make & Model Recognition


    Hazardous Transport Detection

    Industrial Weighing
    Control System

    Traffic analysis

    Law Enforcement
    Smart Parking
    Management

    Weigh in Motion

    WHY IS SMART PARKING MANAGEMENT IMPORTANT ?

    WHY IS SMART PARKING MANAGEMENT IMPORTANT ?

    30% of city traffic is caused by drivers looking for an available parking spot. (IBM Global
    Parking Survey)

    6 out of 10 people have already abandoned their goal because of parking problems. (IBM
    Global Parking Survey)

    1 out of 4 people has already had an argument about parking. (IBM Global Parking Survey)

    20 minutes is the average time to find a parking spot. (IBM Global Parking Survey)

    23 000 parking spots have been removed in Paris to support the necessary urban renewal
    (pedestrianization, tramway, bike access ...)

    Only less than 2 hours are paid per space and per day for 5 to 6 hours of actual occupancy
    (CERTU parking study).

    1.1 sanction/spot/month very low sanction rate


    The "fear of police" prompts to pay for parking only from 2 sanctions/spot/month (CERTU
    parking study).

    PARKING SENSORS
    Parking sensors are the solution

    Sensors are installed on each parking spot


    Sensors gives information about the occupancy of parking lots

    Car drivers can be guided directly to empty parking spots


    Car park managers can collect data on the use of their parking

    PARKING SENSORS
    Parking sensors are the solution

    Sensors are installed on each parking spot


    Sensors gives information about the occupancy of parking lots

    Car drivers can be guided directly to empty parking spots


    Car park managers can collect data on the use of their parking

    MESH NETWORKING

    Mesh networking is the most popular architecture to connect parking sensors


    This architecture reduces the number of relay nodes or infrastructure to deploy
    One node should listen to other nodes and transmit an unknown amount of data
    Lifetime of the node is not predictable: network maintenance problems
    Very important knowledge about radio propagation required
    to install the relay node

    MESH NETWORKING

    Out of service

    Mesh networking is the most popular architecture to connect parking sensors


    This architecture reduces the number of relay nodes or infrastructure to deploy
    One node should listen to other nodes and transmit an unknown amount of data
    Lifetime of the node is not predictable: network maintenance problems
    Very important knowledge about radio propagation required
    to install the relay node

    MESH NETWORKING

    Out of service

    Mesh networking is the most popular architecture to connect parking sensors


    This architecture reduces the number of relay nodes or infrastructure to deploy
    One node should listen to other nodes and transmit an unknown amount of data
    Lifetime of the node is not predictable: network maintenance problems
    Very important knowledge about radio propagation required
    to install the relay node

    STAR NETWORKING

    Out of service

    Star networking is the solution to predict the systems lifetime


    This architecture requires a large amount of relay nodes or very heavy
    infrastructure deployment
    If one sensor is out of service, only its data cannot be collected

    Classic communication protocols (standard or proprietary) have a very


    limited radio range.
    Parking managers have to deploy and maintain lots of relay node during
    the products lifetime

    STAR NETWORKING

    Out of service

    Star networking is the solution to predict the systems lifetime


    This architecture requires a large amount of relay nodes or very heavy
    infrastructure deployment
    If one sensor is out of service, only its data cannot be collected

    Classic communication protocols (standard or proprietary) have a very


    limited radio range.
    Parking managers have to deploy and maintain lots of relay node during
    the products lifetime

    LONG RANGE AND HIGH SENSITIVITY STAR NETWORKING

    Sensors use an already deployed radio communication network

    Absolutely no relay node or concentrators to deploy or maintain during the products


    lifetime

    Parking operators do not need to deploy any infrastructure other than the sensor

    No need for approval from heritage architects


    (Btiments de France) in protected areas

    THE solution leading to a massive market


    penetration of real time parking information for
    municipalities and parking operators.

    Very low cost network thanks to a sensitivity


    of -153dbm (Zigbee is -105dbm) :

    The network supports millions of modules on


    each receiving station

    Receiving station cover around 30km2

    If the network has not been deployed in an


    area yet : the system can be deployed very
    quickly as no more than 3 receiving stations
    are necessary for a city of 500.000 inhabitants

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Typical radiation
    pattern

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Radiation pattern when


    antenna is in the ground

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Desired radiation pattern


    to avoid ground effect

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Effect of a car on the


    antenna

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Desired radiation pattern to optimize


    radio communication even with a car

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA (PATENTED)

    Car sensors are aimed to be buried under the ground and should work with a car above it

    The ground acts as a metal and the radio propagation is not very good

    Very sensitive networks are not sufficient as receiving can be away by over 3km.

    Systems should include a specifically designed antenna that radiated with a very low profile to
    decrease reflexion and improve signal transmission

    Desired radiation pattern to optimize


    radio communication even with a car

    INNOVATIVE HIGH GAIN ANTENNA


    Lambda/4 commercial
    antenna

    Proposed antenna

    Difference

    Antenna under the ground

    9 dB

    17 dB

    ~ 8 dB

    Antenna at a 1.5m height

    20 dB

    26 dB

    ~ 6 dB

    Without any metallic mass around the antenna

    With a metallic plate that represent a car

    MOST IMPORTANT PARTS OF A PARKING SENSOR


    Architecture :
    A star network to achieve predictability of the autonomy
    Antenna :
    specifically designed antenna that radiated with a
    very low profile to decrease reflexion and improve
    signal transmission
    Low power electronics :
    Power consumption is under 150 W in mean by
    taking one measure every second
    Thanks to sending frame only, the system has a
    very strong predictability
    Car rate

    30

    1h

    12h

    Lifetime
    (years)

    6.5

    10

    13

    Precise detection algorithms


    Vehicle detection is very precise thanks to a unique
    two steps algorithm

    BEYOND THE SENSORS : A FULL SMART PARKING


    MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITHOUT ANY INFRASTRUCTURE
    Mobile application
    guiding road users

    Fully buried sensors on


    every spot

    Mobile application helping


    enforcement detect over timed cars

    WebTraffic (mysterela.fr) :
    Parking use statistics

    Data base /
    post processing
    Overtimed alert : sms,

    Open data access : data can


    be used anywhere you want

    Sensors can be
    glued or screwed

    Communication with variable


    message signs
    Global application (Parkopedia
    or dedicated client application)

    CONCLUSION : ADVANTAGES OF OUR WITTY PARKING


    MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
    No infrastructure deployment other than the sensors (low cost)
    No maintenance effort on the system during its lifetime (no
    relay node or concentrator)
    Antenna specifically designed to use the high sensitivity of
    radio networks
    Fully buried module (patented antenna to improve radio
    communication)
    Up to 10 years of lifetime
    More than 98% accuracy thanks to a unique 2 steps algorithm

    Julien HENAUT PhD, julien.henaut@sterela.fr

    THANK

    YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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