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CM Chapter 5

This document discusses various principles and concepts related to urine reagent strip testing. It covers topics like the principles of different reagent strip tests (e.g. pH uses dissociation of a polyelectrolyte), factors that can affect reagent strip results (e.g. delay in removing strip or not mixing specimen), and how to interpret certain reagent strip results (e.g. positive nitrite and negative leukocyte esterase indicates specimen is <2 hours old). It also discusses conditions that certain positive reagent strip results may indicate (e.g. hematuria could indicate hemorrhage or infection) and principles of quality control for reagent strips.

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DingdongLopez
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92 views3 pages

CM Chapter 5

This document discusses various principles and concepts related to urine reagent strip testing. It covers topics like the principles of different reagent strip tests (e.g. pH uses dissociation of a polyelectrolyte), factors that can affect reagent strip results (e.g. delay in removing strip or not mixing specimen), and how to interpret certain reagent strip results (e.g. positive nitrite and negative leukocyte esterase indicates specimen is <2 hours old). It also discusses conditions that certain positive reagent strip results may indicate (e.g. hematuria could indicate hemorrhage or infection) and principles of quality control for reagent strips.

Uploaded by

DingdongLopez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cm chapter 5

D. Resealing the bottle after removing


a strip

12. All of the following will cause


false-positive protein reagent strip
values except:

7. The principle of the reagent strip


test for pH is the:

A. Proteins other than albumin


B. Highly buffered alkaline urines
C. Delay in removing the reagent strip
from the specimen
D. Contamination by quartenary
ammonium compounds

1. Leaving a reagent strip in the


specimen for too long will:
A. Cause runover between reagent
pads
B. Alter the color of the specimen
C. Cause reagents to leach from the
pads
D. Not affect the chemical reactions
2. Failure to mix a specimen prior to
inserting the
reagent strip will primarily affect the:
A. Glucose reading
B. Blood
reading
C. Nitrite reading D. Ph reading
3. Testing a refrigerated specimen
that has not warmed to room
temperature will adversely affect:
A. Enzymatic reactions
B. Dye-binding reactions
C. The sodium nitroprusside reaction
D. Diazo reactions
4. The reagent strip reaction that
requires the longest reaction time is
the:
A. Bilirubin
B. pH
C. Leukocyte esterase
D. Glucose

A. Protein error of indicators


B. Greiss reaction
C. Dissociation of a polyelectrolyte
D. Double indicator reaction
8. A urine specimen with a pH of 9.0:
A. Is indicative of metabolic acidosis
B. Should be recollected
C. May contain calcium oxalate
crystals
D. Is seen after drinking cranberry
juice
9. In the laboratory, a primary
consideration associated with pH is:
A. Identification of urinary crystals
B. Monitoring of vegetarian diets
C. Determination of specimen
acceptability
D. Both A and C
10. Indicate the source of the
following proteinurias by placing a 1
for prerenal, 2 for renal, or 3 for
postrenal in front of the condition.

A. ____Microalbuminuria
B. ____Acute phase reactants
C. ____Pre-eclampsia
5. Quality control of reagent strips is
D. ____Vaginal inflammation
performed:
E. ____Multiple myeloma
F. ____Orthostatic proteinuria
A. Using positive and negative controls G. ____Prostatitis
B. When results are questionable
C. At least once every 24 hours
11. The principle of the protein error
D. All of the above
of indicators reaction is that:
6. All of the following are important to
protect the
integrity of reagent strips except:
A. Removing the desiccant from the
bottle
B. Storing in an opaque bottle
C. Storing at room temperature

A. Protein changes the pH of the urine


B. Albumin accepts hydrogen ions
from the indicator
C. The indicator accepts ions for
albumin
D. Albumin changes the pH of the
urine

D. It utilizes an
immumochromographic principle
17. The principle of the protein-low
reagent pad on the
Multistix Pro is the:

A. Binding of albumin to
sulphonphtalein dye
B. Immunologic binding of albumin to
antibody
13. A patient with a 1_ protein reading C. Reverse protein error of indicators
in the afternoon is asked to submit a
reaction
first morning specimen. The second
D. Enzymatic reaction between
specimen also has a 1_ protein. This
albumin and dye
patient is:
18. The principle of the creatinine
A. Positive for orthostatic proteinuria
reagent pad on
B. Negative for orthostatic proteinuria microalbumin reagent strips is the:
C. Positive for Bence Jones protein
D. Negative for clinical proteinuria
A. Double indicator reaction
B. Diazo reaction
14. Testing for microalbuminuria is
C. Pseudoperoxidase reaction
valuable for monitoring patients with:
D. Reduction of a chromogen
A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Cardiovascular disease risk
D. All of the above
15. All of the following are true for the
Micral-Test for microalbumin except:
A. It is run on first morning specimens
B. It contains an antibody-enzyme
conjugate
C. Two blue bands are formed on the
strip
D. Unbound antibody attaches to
immobilized
Albumin
16. All of the following are true for the
Immunodip test for microalbumin
except:
A. Unbound antibody migrates farther
than bound
antibody
B. Blue latex particles are coated with
antibody
C. Bound antibody migrates further
than unbound
antibody

19. The purpose of performing an


albumin:creatinine
ratio is to:
A. Estimate the glomerular filtration
rate
B. Correct for hydration in random
specimens
C. Avoid interference for alkaline
urines
D. Correct for abnormally colored
urines

20. A patient with a normal blood


glucose and a positive
urine glucose should be further
checked for:
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Renal disease
C. Gestational diabetes
D. Pancreatitis
21. The principle of the reagent strip
tests for glucose is
the:

A. Peroxidase activity of glucose


B. Glucose oxidase reaction
C. Double sequential enzyme reaction
D. Dye-binding of glucose and
chromogen
22. All of the following may produce
false-negative glucose reactions
except:
A. Detergent contamination
B. Ascorbic acid
C. Unpreserved specimens
D. Low urine temperature
23. A positive Clinitest and a negative
reagent strip glucose are indicative of:
A. Low levels of glucose
B. Nonglucose reducing substances
C. High levels of glucose
D. Both A and B
24. The primary reason for performing
a Clinitest is to:
A. Check for high ascorbic acid levels
B. Confirm a positive reagent strip
glucose
C. Check for newborn galactosuria
D. Confirm a negative glucose reading
25. The three intermediate products
of fat metabolism
include all of the following except:
A. Acetoacetic acid
B. Ketoacetic acid
C. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
D. Acetone
26. The most significant reagent strip
test that is associated with a positive
ketone result is:
A. Glucose
B. Protein
C. pH
D. Specific gravity
27. The primary reagent in the
reagent strip test for
ketones is:

A. Glycine
B. Lactose
C. Sodium hydroxide
D. Sodium nitroprusside
28. Ketonuria may be caused by all of
the following
except:

C. Reaction of peroxide and


chromogen
D. Diazo activity of heme
32. A speckled pattern on the blood
pad of the reagent
strip indicates:

29. Urinalysis on a patient with severe


back and abdominal pain is frequently
performed to check for:

A. Hematuria
B. Hemoglobinuria
C. Myoglobinuria
D. All of the above
33. List the following products of
hemoglobin degradation
in the corrct order by placing numbers
14 in
front of them.

A. Glucosuria
B. Proteinuria
C. Hematuria
D. Hemoglobinuria

A. ___Conjugated bilirubin
B. ___Urobilinogen and stercobiligen
C. ___Urobilin
D. ___Unconjugated bilirubin

30. Place the appropriate number or


numbers in front of
each of the following statements. Use
both numbers
for an answer if needed.
1. Hemoglobinuria
2. Myoglobinuria
A. ____Associated with transfusion
reactions
B. ____Clear, red urine and pale yellow
plasma
C. ____Clear, red urine and red plasma
D. ____Associated with rhabdomylosis
E. ____Precipitated by ammonium
sulfate
F. ____Not precipitated by ammonium
sulfate
G. ____Produced hemosiderin granules
in urinary
sediments
H. ____Associated with acute renal
failure

34. The principle of the reagent strip


test for bilirubin is
the:

A. Bacterial infections
B. Diabetic acidosis
C. Starvation
D. Vomiting

31. The principle of the reagent strip


test for blood is
based on the:
A. Binding of heme and a chromogenic
dye
B. Peroxidase activity of heme

A. Diazo reaction
B. Ehrlich reaction
C. Greiss reaction
D. Peroxidase reaction
35. An elevated urine bilirubin with a
normal urobilinogen
is indicative of:
A. Cirrhosis of the liver
B. Hemolytic disease
C. Hepatitis
D. Biliary obstruction
36. The primary cause of a falsenegative bilirubin reaction is:
A. Highly pigmented urine
B. Specimen contamination
C. Specimen exposure to light
D. Excess conjugated bilirubin
37. The purpose of the special mat
supplied with the
Ictotest tablets is that:

A. Bilirubin remains on the surface of


the mat.
B. It contains the dye needed to
produce color.
C. It removes interfering substances.
D. Bilirubin is absorbed into the mat.
38. The reagent in the Multistix
reaction for urobilinogen
is:
A. A diazonium salt
B. Tetramethylbenzidine
C. pdimethylaminobenzaldehyde
D. Hoesch reagent
39. The primary problem with
urobilinogen tests using
Ehrlich reagent is:
A. Positive reactions with
porphobilinogen
B. Lack of sensitivity
C. Positive reactions with Ehrlich
reactive substances
D. Both A and C
40. In the Watson-Schwartz
differentiation test, the substance(s)
not extracted into butanol is/are:
A. Urobilinogen
B. Porphobilinogen
C. Ehrlich reactive substances
D. All of the above
41. The Hoesch test is used to
monitor or screen patients
for the presence of:
A. Urobilinogen
B. Nitrite
C. Porphobilinogen
D. Leukocyte esterase
42. The reagent strip test for nitrite
used the:
A. Greiss reaction
B. Hoesch reaction
C. Peroxidase reaction
D. Pseudoperoxidase reaction
43. All of the following can cause a
negative nitrite reading except:

A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Random urine specimens
D. Heavy bacterial infections
44. A positive nitrite test and a
negative leukocyte
esterase test is an indication of a:
A. Dilute random specimen
B. Specimen with lyzed leukocytes
C. Vaginal yeast infection
D. Specimen older than 2 hours
45. All of the following can be
detected by the leukocyte
esterase reaction except:
A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Basophils
46. Screening tests for urinary
infection combine the
leukocyte esterase test with the test
for:
A. pH
B. Nitrite
C. Protein
D. Blood
47. The principle of the leukocyte
esterase reagent strip
test uses a:
A. Peroxidase reaction
B. Double indicator reaction
C. Diazo reaction
D. Dye-binding technique
48. The principle of the reagent strip
test for specific
gravity uses the dissociation constant
of a/an:
A. Diazonium salt
B. Indicator dye
C. Polyelectrolyte
D. Enzyme substrate
49. A specific gravity of 1.030 would
produce the reagent
strip color:

A. Blue
B. Green
C. Yellow
D. Red
50. Reagent stripspecific gravity
readings are affected by:
A. Glucose
B. Radiographic dye
C. Alkaline urine
D. All of the above

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