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    Expansion Joints & Types

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    gksamy
    Expansion joints are used in piping systems to absorb thermal expansion. There are four main types: slip joints, ball joints, metal bellows joints, and rubber bellows joints. Slip joints have a sleeve that slides into the body and rely on packing material to prevent leaks, though periodic maintenance is required. Ball joints can absorb angular and axial movement but not longitudinal movement. Bellows joints do not require packing or maintenance but cannot absorb torsional movement and are susceptible to overpressure failures. Rubber bellows joints are similar to metal bellows joints but made of reinforced rubber and used for large movements in cold water systems.

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    Expansion Joints & Types

    Uploaded by

    gksamy
    69 views4 pages
    Expansion joints are used in piping systems to absorb thermal expansion. There are four main types: slip joints, ball joints, metal bellows joints, and rubber bellows joints. Slip joints have a sleeve that slides into the body and rely on packing material to prevent leaks, though periodic maintenance is required. Ball joints can absorb angular and axial movement but not longitudinal movement. Bellows joints do not require packing or maintenance but cannot absorb torsional movement and are susceptible to overpressure failures. Rubber bellows joints are similar to metal bellows joints but made of reinforced rubber and used for large movements in cold water systems.

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    Expansion joints & types for oil / steam application

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    Expansion joints are used in piping systems to absorb thermal expansion. There are four main types: slip joints, ball joints, metal bellows joints, and rubber bellows joints. Slip joints have a sleeve that slides into the body and rely on packing material to prevent leaks, though periodic maintenance is required. Ball joints can absorb angular and axial movement but not longitudinal movement. Bellows joints do not require packing or maintenance but cannot absorb torsional movement and are susceptible to overpressure failures. Rubber bellows joints are similar to metal bellows joints but made of reinforced rubber and used for large movements in cold water systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    69 views4 pages

    Expansion Joints & Types

    Uploaded by

    gksamy
    Expansion joints are used in piping systems to absorb thermal expansion. There are four main types: slip joints, ball joints, metal bellows joints, and rubber bellows joints. Slip joints have a sleeve that slides into the body and rely on packing material to prevent leaks, though periodic maintenance is required. Ball joints can absorb angular and axial movement but not longitudinal movement. Bellows joints do not require packing or maintenance but cannot absorb torsional movement and are susceptible to overpressure failures. Rubber bellows joints are similar to metal bellows joints but made of reinforced rubber and used for large movements in cold water systems.

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    EXPANSION JOINTS & ITS TYPES.

    Expansion joints are used in piping systems to absorb thermal


    expansion where the use of expansion loops is undesirable or
    impractical. Expansion joints are available in slip, ball, metal
    bellows, and rubber bellows configurations.
    Slip-type expansion joints (Fig. 1) have a sleeve that telescopes
    into the body. Leakage is controlled by packing located between
    the sleeve and the body. Leakage is minimal and can be near
    zero in many applications. A completely leak-free seal cannot be
    ensured; thus these expansion joints are ruled out where zero
    leakage is required.

    Fig. 1 - Slip-type expansion joint

    The packing is subject to wear due to cyclic movement of the


    sleeve when connected piping expands and contracts. Thus,
    these joints require periodic maintenance, either to compress
    the packing by tightening a packing gland or to replace or
    replenish the packing. Replacement of the packing rings is
    necessary when leakage develops in a joint that has an
    adjustable packing gland which has been tightened to its limit.
    Some designs provide for packing replenishment rather than
    replacement. These are usually called gun-packed or rampacked slip joints. Since the packing can wear away, some
    packing material may be picked up in the line fluid. This rules
    out the use of slip joints in systems, where such contamination
    of fluid cannot be tolerated.
    Slip-type expansion joints are particularly suited for lines
    having straight-line (axial) movements of large magnitude. Slip
    joints cannot tolerate lateral offset or angular rotation (cocking)
    since this would cause binding, galling, and possibly leakage
    due to packing distortion. Therefore, the use of proper pipe
    alignment guides is essential.

    Fig. 2 - Typical ball expansion joint

    Ball expansion joints (Fig. 2) consist of a socket and ball with a


    sealing mechanism placed between them. The seals are of rigid
    materials, and in some designs a pliable sealant may be injected
    into the cavity located between the ball and socket. The joints
    are capable of absorbing angular and axial rotation; however,
    they cannot accommodate movement along the longitudinal
    axis of the joint. Therefore, an offset must be installed in the
    line to absorb pipe axial movement.

    Fig. 3 - Metal bellows expansion joint

    Bellows-type expansion joints (Fig. 3) do not have packing; thus


    they do not have the potential leakage or fluid contamination
    problems sometimes associated with slip joints. Likewise, they
    do not require the periodic maintenance (lubrication and
    repacking) that is associated with slip joints. Bellows joints
    absorb expansion and contraction by means of a flexible
    bellows that is compressed or extended.
    They can also accommodate direction changes by various
    combinations of compression on one side and extension on an
    opposing side. Thus, they can adjust to lateral offset and

    angular rotation of the connected piping. However, they are not


    capable of absorbing torsional movement. Typically, the
    bellows is corrugated metal and is welded to the end pieces. To
    provide

    the

    requisite

    flexibility,

    the

    metal

    bellows

    is

    considerably thinner than the associated piping. Thus these


    expansion joints are especially susceptible to rupture by
    overpressure. A bellows can also fail because of metal fatigue if
    the accumulated flexing cycles exceed the designed fatigue life
    (cyclic life) of the bellows or if the flexing extremes exceed the
    designed compression and extension limits.

    Fig. 4 - Rubber expansion joint

    Rubber expansion joints (Fig. 4) are similar in design to metal


    bellows expansion joints except that they are constructed of
    fabric and wire-reinforced elastomer's They are most suitable
    for use in cold water service where large movements must be
    absorbed (e.g., condenser circulating water).

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