Network Programming and Java Sockets
Network Programming and Java Sockets
Network Programming and Java Sockets
Java Sockets
1
Agenda
Introduction
Elements of Client Server Computing
Networking Basics
Understanding Ports and Sockets
Java Sockets
Implementing a Server
Implementing a Client
Sample Examples
Conclusions
2
Introduction
3
Internet Applications Serving Local
and Remote Users
PC client
Internet
Server
Local Area Network
PD
A
4
Internet & Web as a delivery Vehicle
5
Increased demand for Internet
applications
To take advantage of opportunities presented by
the Internet, businesses are continuously seeking
new and innovative ways and means for offering
their services via the Internet.
This created a huge demand for software
designers with skills to create new Internet-enabled
applications or migrate existing/legacy applications
on the Internet platform.
Object-oriented Java technologies—Sockets,
threads, RMI, clustering, Web services-- have
emerged as leading solutions for creating portable,
efficient, and maintainable large and complex
Internet applications.
6
Elements of C-S Computing
Client
Server
Network
Client machine
Server machine
7
Networking Basics
Applications Layer TCP/IP Stack
Standard apps
HTTP
FTP
Telnet Application
User apps (http,ftp,telnet,…)
Transport Layer
Transport
TCP
UDP (TCP, UDP,..)
Programming Interface: Network
Sockets
Network Layer (IP,..)
IP Link
Link Layer (device driver,..)
Device drivers
8
Networking Basics
9
Networking Basics
10
Understanding Ports
12
Sockets
13
Socket Communication
Connection request
port
server
Client
14
Socket Communication
server
port
Client
port Connection
15
Sockets and Java Socket Classes
Input/read stream
Socket(“128.250.25.158”, 1234)
It can be host_name like “mandroo.cs.mu.oz.au” 17
Implementing a Server
1. Open the Server Socket:
ServerSocket server;
DataOutputStream os;
DataInputStream is;
server = new ServerSocket( PORT );
2. Wait for the Client Request:
Socket client = server.accept();
3. Create I/O streams for communicating to the client
is = new DataInputStream( client.getInputStream() );
os = new DataOutputStream( client.getOutputStream() );
4. Perform communication with client
Receive from client: String line = is.readLine();
Send to client: os.writeBytes("Hello\n");
5. Close sockets: client.close();
For multithreaded server:
while(true) {
i. wait for client requests (step 2 above)
ii. create a thread with “client” socket as parameter (the thread creates streams (as in step
(3) and does communication as stated in (4). Remove thread once service is provided.
} 18
Implementing a Client
19
A simple server (simplified code)
// SimpleServer.java: a simple server program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class SimpleServer {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
// Register service on port 1234
ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(1234);
Socket s1=s.accept(); // Wait and accept a connection
// Get a communication stream associated with the socket
OutputStream s1out = s1.getOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream (s1out);
// Send a string!
dos.writeUTF("Hi there");
// Close the connection, but not the server socket
dos.close();
s1out.close();
s1.close();
}
}
20
A simple client (simplified code)
// SimpleClient.java: a simple client program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class SimpleClient {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
// Open your connection to a server, at port 1234
Socket s1 = new Socket("mundroo.cs.mu.oz.au",1234);
// Get an input file handle from the socket and read the input
InputStream s1In = s1.getInputStream();
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(s1In);
String st = new String (dis.readUTF());
System.out.println(st);
// When done, just close the connection and exit
dis.close();
s1In.close();
s1.close();
}
}
21
Run
Run Server on mundroo.cs.mu.oz.au
[raj@mundroo] java SimpleServer &
22
Socket Exceptions
try {
Socket client = new Socket(host, port);
handleConnection(client);
}
catch(UnknownHostException uhe) {
System.out.println("Unknown host: " + host);
uhe.printStackTrace();
}
catch(IOException ioe) {
System.out.println("IOException: " + ioe);
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
23
ServerSocket & Exceptions
24
Server in Loop: Always up
// SimpleServerLoop.java: a simple server program that runs forever in a single thead
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class SimpleServerLoop {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
// Register service on port 1234
ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(1234);
while(true)
{
Socket s1=s.accept(); // Wait and accept a connection
// Get a communication stream associated with the socket
OutputStream s1out = s1.getOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream (s1out);
// Send a string!
dos.writeUTF("Hi there");
// Close the connection, but not the server socket
dos.close();
s1out.close();
s1.close();
}
}
}
25
Multithreaded Server: For Serving
Multiple Clients Concurrently
Server
Threads
Internet
Client 2 Process
26
Conclusion
27