COL

U CAD College

GE

SRI LANKA

236, AL MUNAWWARA ROAD

U C

L A N

GE

U C

Training Program for

Practice for Quantity Surveyors (Based on SMM 7, CESMM 3, POMI & FIDIC)

COL

M.A. Unais
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineer, Dip. in Quantity Surveyor

N
L A

Contents
Practice for Quantity Surveyors (Based on SMM7, CESMM3, POMI & FIDIC)

1.0) TheQuantitysurveyorsrole
Postcontractduties

Precontractduties

2.0) ContractPayments
2a)

CESMM3

POMI

InterimBill

2c)

PaymentCertificate

2f)

2g)

2h)

(PrinciplesofMeasurementforWorksofConstruction)

SomeImportantTerm(RelatedtobillofQuantitiesandPayment)

Bonds

GE

2e)

U C

2d)

(CivilEngineeringStandardMethodofMeasurement)

2b)

COL

Measurements
SMM7(Standardmethodofmeasurementofbuildingworks)

FinalBill

PreparationofBill
CheckingofBill

2i)

SpecimenGrandSummary/PaymentCertificate

3.0) Annexes

DimensionPaper

MeasurementSheet

ExtensionofTime

ScheduleforExtraWorks

ScheduleforSSR

ScheduleforInLieuSchedule

ApplicationfromforVariationOrder

4.0) ContractDocument
4a)

ConditionofContract(FIDIC)

4b)

Specifications

4c)

Drawings

4d)

BOQ

4e)

TenderwithAppendix

4f)

Letterofacceptance

4g)

Contractagreement

5.0) UnitPricing(ResourceCost)
Labour
Material
Plant

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu

Grandsummary/PaymentCertificate

N
A
L

1.0) TheQuantitysurveyorsrole
1a)

PreContract(QS)
PreparationofBillofQuantity
Quantitytakeroff
Preparationofpreliminaryestimateandintroductiontocostplant
Estimatingfortenderingpurposes
Introductiontotenderprocedureandcontractualarrangements
PreparationofTenderdocumentsforSubContractorandSupplier.
Preparingcomparisonsheetsandanalyzing.

GE

2.0)

PostContract(QS)
Preparationofinterimandfinalapplicationforpayment
Preparingofvaluationsforinterimandfinalcertificate
Variationorders,preparationofvariationaccountsandvaluation
Preparation,valuation,negotiationandreportingonclaims.
PreparingSubcontractorsandsupplierspaymentcertificateandcertifying.

U C

1b)

COL

Measurements

Thetermmeasurementcoverstwotypesofmeasurementsencounteredinconstructionworknamely
TakingoffdimensionbyreadingorscalingdrawingandindicatingonDimensionPaper

Thistypeofmeasurementisrequiredeitherincaseofproposedworkortocheckwhetherthecompleted
workisinaccordancewiththeproposedwork.
And
TheactualmeasurementofcompletedworkatsiteandrecordingonMeasurementSheets

Mainclassificationofworksrelatedtofieldofcivilengineeringwithrespecttomeasurements.
Buildingworks
CivilEngineeringWorks

2a)

DimensionPaper

N
A
L

1.
2.
3.
4.

Timesingcolumn(Number)
Dimensioncolumn
Squaringcolumn(Qty.)
Description

FormofDimension(Units)

Beforegoinganyfurtheritisnecessarytounderstandtheassetdownbythetakeroff.Alldimensionsareinof
fiveforms
Cubicmeasurements
m3
Squaremeasurements
m2
Linearmeasurements
Lm/m
Numbers

Nr/No
Items

item

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu

2a.3.1)

BuildingWorks

Alltypesofbuildingsuchas,
HouseorDwellingUnits
Flats
Shops
Hotels
Hospital
Theatres
Gymnasiums
Office
Warehouse

CivilEngineeringWorks

GE

COL

Watersupplyschemes
Surfacedrainageschemes
IrrigationSchemes
Highway
Railways
Culverts&Bridges
Massexcavationfillingandembankments(massearthworks)
Dredging
Retainingwalls

U C

2a.3.2)

2a.4) Standardmethodsofmeasurements

2a.4.1)

2a.4.2)

N
L A

CivilengineeringstandardmethodofMeasurement(CESMM)
Thishasbeenpreparedbytheinstitutionofcivilengineersandthefederationofcivilengineering
contractor,inassociationswiththeAssociationofconsultingEngineers,UK

2a.4.3)

Standardmethodofmeasurementofbuildingworks(SMMofBuildingWorks)
ThishasbeenpreparedbytheroyalInstituteofCharteredsurveyors(RICS)andtheNational
FederationofBuildingTradesEmployers(NFBTE),UK

Forthepurposeofprovidingauniformbasisformeasurements,twotypesofstandardmethodof
measurementhavebeenestablishednamely

Standardmethodofmeasurementofbuildingworks(SMMofBuildingWorks)
CivilEngineeringStandardMethodofMeasurement(CESMM)

ComparisonofStandardmethodofmeasurementsofbuildingworksandcivil
engineeringworks

General
Thoughtherearetwoseparateanddistinctpracticesofmeasurementsestablishedforbuildingandcivil
engineeringworks,therearecommonfeaturestooinbetweenthemsuchas
o Generalapproach
o Unitsofmeasurement
o Certainitemsofworkwhichcanbemeasuredbyanyofthetwomethods

Buildingworks

AtthetimeofpreparingBOQ,thedetailsavailableareusuallyinaformoreprecisestage,thereforeitems
descriptioncanbemadepreciselyandquantitiescanascertainedaccuratelyformanyitems

Moretradesorworksectionareavailable,resultingmuchmoredetailedmeasurementsforwhichrates
havebeenquotedbythetenderssomeofthemmaybequitesmall

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

Civilengineeringworks

InBOQdetaileddescriptionarenotavailablethereforeinpricingtheBOQandinconstructingthe
workthespecificationdrawingandotherrelateddocumentsaretobecloselystudiedconstantly
Generallytemporaryworkandincidentallaborsarenotmeasuredseparatelythereforecostof
whichhavebeenincorporatedinrelatedBOQitem
Thereisagreatriskinpricing

o
o
o

Advantageoftheuseofstandardmethodsofmeasurement
Thefollowingaresomeadvantagesthatcanbegainedbystudyingandreferringtostandard
methodsofmeasurementsandincorporatingsameincontractdocuments
Avoidanceofdisputesinmeasurementsbetweenparties
Gainingfamiliarityinthestandardmethodofpreparationofbillsofquantities
Gainingfamiliarityinthestandardmethodofpresentingitemdescriptioninbillsofquantities

o
o

2a.4.4)

2c)

COL

Interimbill
Interimbillarethepaymentrequestsubmittedbythecontractorinaccordancewiththeterms&
conditionofthecontractduringthecourseofthecontract

U C

2b)

GE

Paymentcertificate
Thisisthedocumentwhichcertificatepaymentthereaderisreferredtoitem9.00onspecimengrand
summarycertificate

2d) Someimportanttermsrelatedtobillofquantitiesandpayment
2d.1)
Advancepayment

Thesearepaymentmadebeforehandtothecontractorbytheemployer/clienteitherbeforethe
commencementofthecontractorworkorbeforethebillsresubmittedarecheckedandcertified.

2d.1.1)

MobilizationAdvance

Thepaymentmadebeforehandtothecontractorbytheemployer/clientbeforethe
commencementofthecontactorworkasanassistancetomobilizeorgetreadytostart
contractorwork

Thepaymenttermsandtherecoveryofthemobilizationadvancewilldependonthetermsand
conditionsofthecontractapplicabletotheproject

2d.1.2)

Onaccountpayment/partpayment

L A N

Thiscanbedefinedasanadvancepaymentmadefortheworkalreadyperformedandeffected
beforebillssubmittedarecheckedandcertified.

Thistypeofpaymentisnotincorporatedinthecontractbutmadeonlyonmutualunderstanding
andspecialagreementwithrelevantapproval

Inthistypeofpaymentonlyapercentageiscertifiedthereforetheyarecalledpartpayments

2d.2) Retention
Theamountofmoneytoberetainedfromthebillpaymentsduetothecontractorisknownasretention
Thisistocoveranypossibleshortcomingofthecontractor
ReleaseofretentionismeadinaccordancewiththeTermsandConditionoftheContract.

2d.3) Recoveries
Theamountofmoneytoberecoveredfromthecontractorarecalledrecoveries
Someoftherecoveriestobemadefromthebillpaymentstothecontractorareasfollows
o MobilizationAdvance
o LiquidatedDamages
o MaterialusedorservicesofferedtothecontractorbytheEmployer/Client.
o Costofanylosses
M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

2d.4) ExtensionofTime
Ifthecontractcannotbecompletedwithintheoriginalagreedcontractperiodduetosomereasonor
reasonsthecontractormustrequestfortheextensionofthecontractperiodwhichistermedExtension
oftime

Suchextensionaregrantedifthedelayisduetoreasonsbeyondthecontrolofthecontractorotherwise
thecontractorischargedwithLiquidatedDamages

IngrantingextensionoftimeitistobeclearlystatedwhethertheContractorisentitlementwhattypeof
paymentareentitledfor.

2d.5) LiquidatedDamages

COL

Thesearechargesimposedonthecontractoronthetermsspecifiedinthecontractwhentheextension
oftimeisnotgranted

2d.6) Variations

U C

2d.6.1)

Compliancewithactsofparliament,regulationorbylaws...
Typeofvariationandvaluationofvariation
Thetypesofvariationrecognizedandpracticed

o Extraworks

GE

Avariationontheworkisdefinedasanyalterationormodificationofthedesignmaterialworkmanship
qualityorquantityofthework

Thisincludeanyadditionalomissionorsubstitutionoftheworkoralterationofthekindorstandardof
anymaterial

Avariationiscausedtothefollowingreasonstoo

o Adiscrepancyordivergencebetweenthebillsofquantitiesdrawingandspecification

o Errororomissioninthebillofquantitydrawingandspecification

ThevariationsoccurredduetoincreaseordecreaseofBOQquantitieseitherduetoerrorinBOQoraddition
oromissionwhichaffectsquantitiesinBOQitemsiscalledextraworks

ThesearevaluedatrelevantprevailingBOQrates

ThescheduletobepreparedwithrespecttoextraworkisgiveninAnnexV

N
L A

o SSR(SpecialscheduleofRates)
ThevariationoccurredduetoadditionofnewitemsofworkswhichisnotavailableintheBOQarecalled
specialscheduleofrates

Thesearetobevaluedbyoneofthefollowingmethodsinthesequencementioned
o RatesofsimilarBOQitemsexecutedundersimilarconditions
o RatesbasedonsimilarBOQitemsexecutedundersimilarconditions
o Ratesbuildupondayworksapplicabletothecontract
o Applicablerates
o Ratesbuildupondayworksratesindicatedinrelevantratebook
o Ratesbuilduponprevailingmarketpricesandlaborratesandacceptedlaborandplantoutput
andmaterialrequirementsAspecimenfromforSSRisindicatedinAnnexVI

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

o Inlieuschedule
InlieuscheduleisissuedwhenasubstitutionismadeforaBOQitem

Eg.FixingrubberwaterbarsinplaceofPVCwaterbars.

AnnexVllisreferredforspecimenfromofinlieuschedule

2d.7) Provisionalquantities
AssumedquantitiesareenteredagainstsomeitemsinBOQofwhichtheactualquantitiescannotbe
calculatedatthetimeofpreparingBOQsincetheextentofworkisnotknownthesearetermed
provisionalquantitiesthiswillbeapparentonlyoncethejobisdone

Thiswillbecomeavariationinthecontractoncethevariationisapprovedtheprovisionalquantitiesare
replacedwithactualquantitiesandpaidasperquotedrates
Eg:

o itemofworkinsubstructureofabuilding
o Excavationforpipelaying

2d.8) PrimeCostSums

COL

2d.10)Escalation

U C

GE

TheseareincludedinBOQtocoverworkwhichrequire,specialselectionandgeneratestheappointment
ofnominatedsubcontractorornominatedsuppliers
Eg:
o Purchasingsanitaryappliancesfromthenominatedsuppliersbythemaincontractorand
installedbythemaincontractor.
o Airconditioningorsupplyingandinstallationofpumpingequipmentbynominatedsub
contractor

Sincetheseprimecostsumsarenottheactualsumsthesewillbecomevariationandtobedealtwith
accordingly

2d.9) ProvisionalSums
TheseareincludedagainstsomeBOQitems,withoutquantitiesasitemsofwhicheitherthefullextent
characteroractualcostinvolvedarenotknownatthetimeofpreparingBOQ

Thesewillalsobecomevariations
Eg:
ExcavationforPipeLayingonroads.

L A N

Iftheescalationclauseisapplicabletothepertinentcontractorthecontractorisentitledforthe
additionalpaymentattheratesforlaborandmaterialspecifiedinthecontract

2d.11)Dayworks
Therearecertainitemsofworkwhichcannotbemeasuredandthecostdeterminedbeforehanduntilthe
workisattendedto.

Forsuchitemstherearerateforlabormaterialsandplanteitherincorporatedinthecontractoragreed
inadvancebetweenthepartieswhicharecalleddayworkslaborratesdayworksmaterialratesandday
worksplantrates

Whenthesaiditemsofworkareexecutedrecordsarekeptonthelaborhoursmaterialusedandplant
hoursinvolvedandthevaluationoftheworkisdoneapplyingthedayworkrates

Theitemsofworkdescribedabovearetermeddayworks
Eg:

Attendingtopipeleak
M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

2e)

Bonds
Incaseofcontractsthebondsarelegaldocumentswhichbindapersonforalegallyacceptedaction
underthetermsandconditionsspecified

Incaseofbuildingandcivilengineeringcontractsthesuretyundertakestobeliableforthecontractors
default

2e.1) Typesofbonds
Threetypesofbondsgenerallyusedinbuildingandcivilengineeringcontractsareasfollows:

2e.1.1)Bidbondortenderguarantee

COL

TendersubmittedshouldremainopenforacceptancefortheperiodindicatedintheAppendixtothe
formoftender.Notenderisentitledtowithdrawcancelorrevokehistenderduringthestaidperiod

AccordingtotheconditionsimposedBondcanbefurnishedinoneofthefollowingalternativeforms:
o CashDeposit
o AnacceptableBankGuarantee
o Acertifiedchequeissuedbyarecognizedbank

o
o

ThevalueandvalidityofthebondshouldbeasindicatedintheAppendixtotheformoftender
ThisBondshouldaccompanythetenderanytendernotaccompaniedbybidbondwiththerequired
valuevalidityandtermswillbedisqualifiedandnofurtherconsiderationwillbegiventosuchtender

AftertheawardhasbeenfinalizedtheBidBondwillbereturnedtotherespectivetenderwiththe
exceptionofthatofthesuccessfultender

Thebidbondofthesuccessfultendershallbereturnedafterhefurnishestheperformancebond

Intheeventthesuccessfultenderfailtosignthecontractandtosubmittheperformancebondas
specifiedthebidbondwillbeforfeited.

GE

U C

2e.1.2)Mobilizationadvancepayment

Beforethepaymentofmobilizationadvanceontherequestofthecontractorabondasperthespecimen
formprovidedandtheotherdocumentsspecifiedinthecontractforeg:thewayofexpendingthe
advanceistobeprovidedbythecontractor

2e.1.3)Performancebond

N
A
L

Withinthespecifiedperiodonsigningthecontractagreementthecontractorshouldpresent
performancebondfordueandproperperformanceofthecontract

2e.2)Encashmentofbonds
Incaseofdefaultofthecontractorthebondsarelodgedwiththesuretyclaimedencashmentasperthe
termsandconditionsspecified

2e.3)Pointstobecheckedinabond
Thepointstobecheckedinabondareasfollows
o Theaccuracyofthe
o Surety
o Partiesinvolvedinthecontract
o Titleofthecontract
o Contractprice
o Periodofvalidityofthebond
o Termsandconditions
o Clauseonpaymentondemand
o Wording
M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

o
o
o

Signatory
Signature and
OfficialStamp

2f)

FinalBill
Thisisthelastbillsubmittedbythecontractorwithrespecttothecontractenteredinto.

2g)

Preparationofbills
Thestandardpracticeistopreparethebillsincumulativebasisinwhichthetotalvalueofworkdoneup
tothedateofmeasurementfromthecommencementofworkincludingthosealreadypaidare
ascertainedandthebalanceduetothecontractorisdeterminedbysubtractingtheamountsalreadypaid
fromthesaidtotalvalue

COL

Eachandeverytimeofbillpreparationthejointmeasurementaredonestaringfromthebeginning
automaticallycorrectinganyerrorsmadeatpreviousmeasurements.

BillpreparationistobedonefollowingthesameorderoftheBOQanditisagoodpracticetoindicatethe
BOQitemsandworkdoneonVariationOrdersgrantedseparatelywiththeirtotalvaluesindependently

Thepointstobenotedincheckingofbillsareasfollows:

GE

U C

Checkingofbills

2h)

2h.1) Contractparticulars

Nameofthecontractor
Contracttitle
Contractnumber
Dateofmeasurement

2h.2) Contractorssignature
Shouldcheckwhetherthesignatureisavailableanditscorrectness

Thecorrectnessofthe
Itemdescription
BOQitemnumber
Quantity(thisshouldnotexceedtheBOQquantity)
Unit
Rate
Amountobtainedbymultiplyingthequantitybytherate
Total

L A N

2h.3) BOQitems

2h.4) Itemsofworkdoneonvariationorders
Onlytheitemsofworkalreadyapprovedaretobecertifiedforpaymentthecopiesofapprovedorders
shouldbeavailableinthefinancebranch

Itisagoodpracticetogroupandtotaltheextraworksscheduleofratesandinlieuscheduleseparatelyin
theorderofBOQsections

Thefollowingarethepointstobenoted
Variationordernumber
Itemdescription
Quantity
Unit
Rate
Amount
Total
M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc.inArchitectureEngineering,DipinQuantitySurveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

PROJECT:

DATE:___________________
PAGE:___________________

QUANTITY TAKE-OFF SHEET

Time/
NO.

DIM.

SQU /
QTY.

DESCRIPTION

Time/
NO.

DIM.

SQU /
QTY.

DESCRIPTION

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying

Contrector Name :
Contrect No :

Description

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

No.

Length

Breadth

Project :- .
Date :- .

Depth

Quantity

Total

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

..

CONTRACT NO.

..

CONTRACTOR

..

CONTRACT VALUE

..

BILL NO

..

GRAND SUMMARY / CERTIFICATE NO

5,461,190.00
1,177,493.40
6,638,683.40
1,071,600.00
7,710,283.40
5,875,513.18
13,585,796.58

Less
5.00 Retention (10 % of B)
6.00 Recovery of Mobilization Advance (20% of B)
7.00 Other Recoveries
7.10 Water provided by
the board
7.20 Power provided by
the board
7.30 Non provision of services as per
contract
7.40 For utilization of Board Building
7.50 Recovery of preliminaries due to use of
pre mixed concrete
7.60 Item not recovered from
Less Previous payments
Certificate No. 1 (Mob. Advance)
Certificate No. 2 (Bill No.-2)
Certificate No. 3 (Bill No.-3)
Certificate No. 4 (Bill No.-4)

Balance due to the Contractor

(771,028.34)
(1,542,056.68)

(15,907.50)
(2,328.00)
(23,453.75)
(4,500.00)
(45,426.00)
(3,010.00)
(2,407,710.27)
11,178,086.31
(5,875,513.18)
(1,914,225.24)
(453,008.67)
(394,065.26)

(8,636,812.35)

2,541,273.96

we recommend the payment of Rs. Two Million, Five Hunderd Forty One Thousand, Two Hundred and
Seventy Three and Cents Ninety Six
Project Manager
Date

.
.

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

Scheme
Project :
Contractor Name :
Contract No :
Variation Order No.

Serial
No.

BOQ
Item No.

.
.
.
.
.
Item Description

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

Schedule for extra works

Unit

Actual
Qty.

BOQ
Qty

Date :Page :-

Excess
Qty

Rate

Amount

Remarks /
Reasons

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

Serial
No.

Item Description

Special Schdule of Rates

Unit

Qty.

Rate

Amount

Date :Page :-

Reasons
for
Variation

Justification
for Rate

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka

.
.

In Lieu Schdule

Contractor Name : .

Variation Order No

Contract No :
.
Variation Order No. .

Serial
No.

BOQ Item
Item Description

Unit

Date :Page :-

In Lieu Item
Qty.

Rate

Amount

Description

Unit

Qty.

Rate

Amount

Saving

Excess

Reasons for
Variation

M.A. UNAIS
B.Sc. in Architecture Engineering, Dip in Quantity Surveying
U CAD College, Akkaraipattu, Sri Lanka