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    Alex Tan Fourchamber Chemistry: Group 2 (Revision)

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    Alex Tan
    The document discusses anomalous behaviors of aluminum and beryllium compounds. It notes that Al3+ and Be2+ ions have a small size and high charge, giving them a high charge density and strong polarizing power. This causes them to polarize surrounding anions. As a result, beryllium compounds are mostly covalent rather than ionic as expected, and beryllium oxides and hydroxides are amphoteric. Beryllium can also form complex ions like [Be(OH)4]2-.

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    Alex Tan Fourchamber Chemistry: Group 2 (Revision)

    Uploaded by

    Alex Tan
    37 views10 pages
    The document discusses anomalous behaviors of aluminum and beryllium compounds. It notes that Al3+ and Be2+ ions have a small size and high charge, giving them a high charge density and strong polarizing power. This causes them to polarize surrounding anions. As a result, beryllium compounds are mostly covalent rather than ionic as expected, and beryllium oxides and hydroxides are amphoteric. Beryllium can also form complex ions like [Be(OH)4]2-.

    Original Description:

    222

    Original Title

    Group 2 Elements

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    The document discusses anomalous behaviors of aluminum and beryllium compounds. It notes that Al3+ and Be2+ ions have a small size and high charge, giving them a high charge density and strong polarizing power. This causes them to polarize surrounding anions. As a result, beryllium compounds are mostly covalent rather than ionic as expected, and beryllium oxides and hydroxides are amphoteric. Beryllium can also form complex ions like [Be(OH)4]2-.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    37 views10 pages

    Alex Tan Fourchamber Chemistry: Group 2 (Revision)

    Uploaded by

    Alex Tan
    The document discusses anomalous behaviors of aluminum and beryllium compounds. It notes that Al3+ and Be2+ ions have a small size and high charge, giving them a high charge density and strong polarizing power. This causes them to polarize surrounding anions. As a result, beryllium compounds are mostly covalent rather than ionic as expected, and beryllium oxides and hydroxides are amphoteric. Beryllium can also form complex ions like [Be(OH)4]2-.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

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    Group 2 ( Revision )

    Answer :

    Recall time !

    Ale

    Why aluminium / beryllium compound has anomalous behavior ? ( 2m ) * MPM


    1. Al3+ / Be2+ has a small ionic size and a relatively high charge .
    2. This causes Al3+ / Be2+ has a high charge density and high polarizing power .
    3. Thus Al3+ / Be2+ will polarizes the anions .

    What are the anomalous behavior for Be compounds ? ( 3m )


    1. Be compounds are mostly covalent compounds
    2. The oxides and hydroxide for Be are amphoteric .
    3. Be can forms complexes such as [Be(OH)4]2- .

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

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    Group 2 ( Revision )

    Ale

    Answer :

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

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    Group 2 ( Revision )

    Ale

    Answer :

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

    Group 2 ( Revision )
    Recall time !
    Thermal stability for the salt of the G2 elements .

    er

    1. The ionic size for the ions of the G2 elements increases down the group .
    2. The charge density for the ions of the G2 elements will decreases .

    3. The polarizing power for the ions of the G2 elements will decreases down the

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    group .

    4. The polarization towards the anions will decreases

    5. Thus , the thermal stability for the salt of the G2 elements will increases

    Ale

    down the group .

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

    Group 2 ( Revision )

    er

    Answer :
    1. Electronegativity is the ability of the an atom to attract the electrons in a

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    electron pair of a covalent bond .


    2. Going the G2 , the proton number increases .

    3. The nuclear charge and screening effect will increase at the same time .
    4. The screening effect will increases more than nuclear charge .

    5. This causes the attraction towards electrons will decrease and the
    electronegativity will decrease down the G2 .

    * Extra !

    Q : How does the decrease in electronegativity will affects the reducing power and
    reactivity of the G2 elements ? ( 5m )
    1. Decrease in the electronegativity will causes tendency for G2 elements to be
    oxidized increases .

    2. The value of the standard electrode potential will becomes more negative
    when going down G2 .

    3. The reducing power for the G2 elements will increase down the group .

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    4. The reactivity of G2 elements will increases going down the group .

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

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    Group 2 ( Revision )

    Answer :

    * For c(ii) , the answer should be :

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    ~ AS THE REFRACTORY BRICK IN THE FURNANCE ( BECAUSE THEY


    WITHSTAND HIGH TEMPERATURE )

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

    Group 2 ( Revision )

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    Solubility

    Ale

    Answer :

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

    Group 2 ( Revision )
    Recall time !
    *Solubility of the sulphate salts of G2 elements

    increases down the group .

    er

    1. Going down the group , the ionic size for the ions of the G2 elements will

    2. The lattice energy and the enthalpy change of hydration will decreases at

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    same time .

    3. Since the sulphate ion is larger than the ions of G2 elements , the hydration
    energy will decreases more than the lattice energy .

    4. This causes the value of the enthalpy change of solution for the sulphate of
    the G2 elements will becomes more positive going down the group .

    5. Thus , the solubility of the sulphate of the G2 elements will decreases down
    the group .

    *Uses of the sulphates for the G2 elements

    a) magnesium sulphate : it is used to treat constipation


    b) calcium sulphate : it is used in Plaster of Paris

    c) barium sulphate : it is used in barium meal for the examination of the internal

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    organs

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

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    Group 2 ( Revision )

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

    Group 2 ( Revision )

    Ale

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    Answer :

    All prepared by alextan58@gmail.com

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