Calculation sheet

Project

vv

Project Consultant

vvv

Client

vv

Contractor

vv

Subject

Proposal for Energy Recovery Wheel with life cycle cost analysis

Location

vv

Design By

vv

Energy Recovery Wheel (ERW) calculation

Air flow data for energy recovery wheel
Out door air dry bulb temperature

32 C

Out door air RH

80 %

Toilet exhaust air temperature

25 C

Toilet exhaust air RH

50 %

Block 06
Enerdy recovery wheel 01

l/s

T1=DBT= 25
C
RH1 = 50 %

T2=DBT
RH2

Toilet exhaust

Pa

Toilet exhaust air flow rate / external static pressure

3175

335

Supply air flow rate / external static pressure

5467

300

Out door
Enerdy recovery wheel 02
Toilet exhaust air flow rate / external static pressure

2740

365

Supply air flow rate / external static pressure

6338

300

With ERW

Power of AHU riser 01 OA fan

5.50 kW

Power S/A fan of ERW 01

8.96 kW

Power of AHU riser 02 OA fan

7.50 kW

Power E/A fan of ERW 01

5.69 kW

Toilet exhaust riser 01

4.00 kW

Power S/A fan of ERW 02

4.89 kW

Toilet exhaust riser 02

4.00 kW

Power E/A fan of ERW 02

10.96 kW

Power Rotor drive motor ERW 01

Supply
T4=DBT
RH4
Q4

T3=DBT= 32
C

Data from the selection sheet

Without ERW

Toilet

0.18 kW

Calculation sheet
Power Rotor drive motor ERW 02
ERW No 01 thermal energy saving

116 kWh

ERW No 02 thermal energy saving

100 kWh

0.18 kW

Assumptions/ conditions:
1. Energy savings of individual equipments due to ERW are not considered
2. COP of the chiller (from the employer's requirement of the tendeder document)

5 COP = refrigerent effect in kW / input in kW

3. Thermal load saving due to ERW is equal to the thermal load saving of chillers
4. Electricity cost due to maximum demand is not considered
5. Electricity charge

Unit charge

Fixed charge

14.55 kW/kWh
6. Working hours

3000 LKR/month

: 8 working hours per day

: 20 working days per month
: 12 months per year

7. Sensible effectiveness (sensible)

0.7 for the calculation according to the AHRI guide line

8. Latent effectiveness (sensible)

0.7 for the calculation according to the AHRI guide line

9. Air density, Specific heat (Cp) & humidity (from Data generated from the software developed by S.A.Klein and F.L.Alvarado.)
Specific
Heat
TemperatureDensity

10. hfg

cp

( o C)

(kg/m 3 )

(kJ/(kg K))

20

1.204

1.007

25

1.184

1.007

30

1.164

1.007

35

1.145

1.007

2501000

J/kg

w (from
psychrome
tric chart)

(kg/m3)

cp (kJ/(kg
K))

t1

1.278

1.1564

0.0244

t3

1.184

1.007

0.0099

11. Depreciation Allowance for Plant & Machinery (x)

30%

12. Descount rate (r)

10%

13. Electric differential escalation (z)

10%

Budget Highlights 2015 by SJMS ASSOCIATES

Calculation sheet

Calculations
Calculation according to AHRI standard
ERW 01

ERW 02

Mass flow rate entering exhaust air

me

3.76

3.27

kg/s

Mass flow rate supply air

ms

3.76

3.27

kg/s
ERW 01

Sensible energy recovered (kW)

Qsensible = sensible x m min x Cp (t1-t3)

Latent energy recovered (kW)

Qlatent = latent x m min x hfg (w1-w3)

Total energy recovered (kW)

Qtotal= Qsensible + Qlatent

21.30

ERW 02
18.56

95.43

83.13

116.73

101.69

- When recovered energy is considered, there is a little difference between product selection data and results of the calculation done according to the
AHRI guideline V -2011. Because actual effectivenesses of the product vary from 0.7.
- Technical data (power consumptions and pressure drops) for fans, and energy recovery wheels are taken from a manufacture's data of a ERWs system
(DRI ecofresh ERW) which fulfil our requirement.

Total thermal energy saving

Electrical energy saving due to thermal energy saving (ES,ERW)

218.42 kWh
43.68 kWh

From the calculations done accrording to the AHRI guide lines

ES,ERW = (Thermal energy saving / COP) x 1 hour

Total operating energy

Without an ERW system

With an ERW system

ET=

E T,ERW =

E0 + E FASF + E TEF

(E0 - ES,ERW) + E SAF + E EAF + E ERW

Where
ET

: Total operating energy without an ERW system

E0

: Operating energy of all the equipment except fresh air supply fans and toilet exhaust fans

E FASF

: Operating energy of Fresh air supply fans

E TEF

: Operating energy of Toilet exhaust fans

E T,ERW

: Total operating energy with an ERW system

E1

: Operating energy of all the equipment except supply fans and exhaust fans

E SAF

: Operating energy of supply air fans

Calculation sheet
E EAF

: Operating energy of exhaust air fans

E ERW

: Operating energy recovery wheel

Total electrical energy saving per hour {ET - E T,ERW = E0 + E FASF + E TEF - [(E0 - ES,ERW) + E SAF + E EAF + E ERW]}
33.83 kWh
Total electrical energy saving per year

64,959.66 kWh

Total electrical energy cost saving per year

981,163.12 LKR/year

Life cycle cost analysis

Capital cost for the system without ERW = Cost for supply and installation of all the equipments except FASF & TEF + Supply and istallation cost of FASF &
TEF(without ERW) + supply and installation of ducting
Capital cost for the system with ERW = Cost for supply and installation of all the equipments except ERW complete with fans + Supply and istallation cost of
ERW complete with fans + supply and installation of ducting
In above two costs, first terms of right hand side are equal.
Therefore gross capital cost for the ERW = Supply and istallation cost of ERW complter with fans - Supply and istallation cost of FASF & TEF
Supply and installation cost for FASF & TEF - if there is no ERW + ducting

########## LKR

Supply and istallation cost for ERW complete with fans and ducting

########## LKR

Therefore gross capital cost for the ERW

842,720.63 LKR

With ERW system

ERW 01

Without
ERW

ERW 02

Fans operating cost per year

Supply fan operating cost

250,222.75 136,467.36 363,168.00

Exhaust fan operating cost

159,067.58 306,038.88 223,488.00

Motor of rotery wheel operating cost

5,028.48

Total electricity cost per year

Maintenance cost per year

5,028.48
311,197.54

30,000.00

30,000.00

Operating cost per year due to ERW system

Calculation sheet

842,720.63

Total cost after each year

(p=i-m-b)

Discounted
cumulative saving
(m)

Discounted total
saving
(l=k/(1+r)^n)

Gross saving
(k=j-e)

Annual Saving due to

recovery
(j)

Saving

Discounted
cumulative costs
(i)

Discounted PV
(h=d+f)

Total costs
(g=c+e)

Total costs

Discounted PV
(f=e/(1+r)^n)

Electricity

Electricity cost
( e=q(1+z)^n)

Discounted PV
(d=c/(1+r)^n)

Discounted residual
value
(b=PV of a(1-x)^n)

Discounted PV
(a)

Description

Year

0 Initial value

Maintenance cost
(c=c1(1+r)^n)

Annual recurring costs

(maintenance)

Investment related costs

842,720.63

842,720.63

842,720.63

0.00

842,720.63

536,276.76

66,000.00

60,000.00

342,317.29

311,197.54

408,317.29

371,197.54

1,213,918.16

1,381,996.72

1,039,679.43

945,163.12

945,163.12

(267,521.72)

341,267.03

72,600.00

60,000.00

376,549.02

311,197.54

449,149.02

371,197.54

1,585,115.70

1,520,196.39

1,143,647.37

945,163.12

1,890,326.23

(646,477.57)

217,169.93

79,860.00

60,000.00

414,203.92

311,197.54

494,063.92

371,197.54

1,956,313.24

1,672,216.03

1,258,012.11

945,163.12

2,835,489.35

(1,096,346.04)

138,199.05

87,846.00

60,000.00

455,624.31

311,197.54

543,470.31

371,197.54

2,327,510.77

1,839,437.63

1,383,813.32

945,163.12

3,780,652.47

(1,591,340.74)

87,944.85

96,630.60

60,000.00

501,186.74

311,197.54

597,817.34

371,197.54

2,698,708.31

2,023,381.40

1,522,194.65

945,163.12

4,725,815.59

(2,115,052.13)

55,964.90

106,293.66

60,000.00

551,305.42

311,197.54

657,599.08

371,197.54

3,069,905.84

2,225,719.54

1,674,414.12

945,163.12

5,670,978.70

(2,657,037.76)

35,614.03

116,923.03

60,000.00

606,435.96

311,197.54

723,358.99

371,197.54

3,441,103.38

2,448,291.49

1,841,855.53

945,163.12

6,616,141.82

(3,210,652.47)

22,663.47

128,615.33

60,000.00

667,079.56

311,197.54

795,694.88

371,197.54

3,812,300.92

2,693,120.64

2,026,041.08

945,163.12

7,561,304.94

(3,771,667.50)

14,422.21

141,476.86

60,000.00

733,787.51

311,197.54

875,264.37

371,197.54

4,183,498.45

2,962,432.70

2,228,645.19

945,163.12

8,506,468.06

(4,337,391.81)

10

9,177.77

155,624.55

60,000.00

807,166.26

311,197.54

962,790.81

371,197.54

4,554,695.99

3,258,675.97

2,451,509.71

945,163.12

9,451,631.17

(4,906,112.96)

11

5,840.40

171,187.00

60,000.00

887,882.89

311,197.54

1,059,069.89

371,197.54

4,925,893.52

3,584,543.57

2,696,660.68

945,163.12

10,396,794.29

(5,476,741.17)

12

3,716.62

188,305.70

60,000.00

976,671.18

311,197.54

1,164,976.88

371,197.54

5,297,091.06

3,942,997.93

2,966,326.75

945,163.12

11,341,957.41

(6,048,582.97)

13

2,365.12

207,136.27

60,000.00

1,074,338.30

311,197.54

1,281,474.57

371,197.54

5,668,288.60

4,337,297.72

3,262,959.42

945,163.12

12,287,120.52

(6,621,197.05)

14

1,505.08

227,849.90

60,000.00

1,181,772.13

311,197.54

1,409,622.03

371,197.54

6,039,486.13

4,771,027.49

3,589,255.37

945,163.12

13,232,283.64

(7,194,302.59)

957.78

250,634.89

60,000.00

1,299,949.34

311,197.54

1,550,584.23

371,197.54

6,410,683.67

5,248,130.24

3,948,180.90

945,163.12

14,177,446.76

(7,767,720.87)

15 Residual value

- The results shows a negative life cycle cost. That means we have a saving in the life cycle of the ERWs system.
- According to the below chart, pay back period is 2 years.

Calculation sheet

Cumulative cost, saving and cost after each year Vs years

14,000,000.00
12,000,000.00
10,000,000.00
8,000,000.00
6,000,000.00
4,000,000.00
2,000,000.00
0.00
0

10

11

12

13

14

(2,000,000.00)
(4,000,000.00)
(6,000,000.00)
Discounted cumulative costs
(i)

Discounted cumulative saving (m)

Total cost after each year

(p=i-m-b)

Energy recovery system for toilet exhaust and fresh air sypply system - comparison between Run-Around loop and Energy Recovery Wheel

15

16

Calculation sheet

Data availble
Air flow data for energy recovery system
32.2 C

Out door air dry bulb temperature (t1)

Out door air RH1

80 %

Toilet exhaust air temperature (t3)

25 C

Toilet exhaust air RH3

50 %

Energy recovery for riser 01

l/s

Pa

Toilet exhaust air flow rate | external static pressure

3175

335

Supply air flow rate | external static pressure

5467

300

Toilet exhaust air flow rate | external static pressure

2740

365

Supply air flow rate | external static pressure

6338

300

Energy recovery for riser 02

Calculation sheet
Assumptions/ conditions:
1. Energy savings of individual equipments due to an energy recovery system are not considered
2. COP of the chiller (from the employer's requirement of the tender document) =

6.2 COP = refrigerent effect in kW / input in kW

3. Thermal load saving due to ERW is equal to the thermal load saving of chillers
4. Sensible effectiveness (sensible)

0.6 from AHRI guide line V

5. Latent effectiveness (sensible)

0.6 from AHRI guide line V

6. Air density, Specific heat (Cp) & humidity (from Data generated from the software developed by S.A.Klein and F.L.Alvarado.)

7. hfg

w (from
psychrome
tric chart)

(kg/m3)

cp (kJ/(kg
K))

t1

1.175

1.005

0.0244

t3

1.184

1.005

0.0099

2501000

J/kg

8. Equal volume of supply air and toilet exhaust air are passed through the wheel. The balance fresh air is mixed in the mixing box after the wheel.
Calculations
ERW 01

ERW 02

Mass flow rate entering exhaust air

me

3.73

3.24

kg/s

Mass flow rate supply air

ms

3.73

3.24

kg/s
Energy Recovery System 01

Energy Recovery System 02

Run-Around
loop - 01
ERW 01

Run-Around
loop - 02
ERW - 02

Recovered sensible heat transfer rate(kW)

Qsensible = sensible x m min x Cp (t1-t3)

16.20

16.20

14.08

14.08

Recovered latent heat transfer rate(kW)

Qlatent = latent x m min x hfg (w1-w3)

81.17

70.59

Recovered total heat transfer rate (kW)

Qtotal= Qsensible + Qlatent

16.20

97.37

14.08

84.67

2.61

15.70

2.27

13.66

Electrical power saving (kW) (Qtotal/COP)

Riser 01
t2 = t1-Qs/(m1Cp1)

27.88

Riser 02
27.88 C

Calculation sheet
t3 = t3+Qs/(m1Cp1)

29.32

29.32 C

Calculation for the pump power

Note: - For the estimation circulation liquid is considered as water

- t1,t2 and t3 data are provided for a coil selection software (developed by S & P Coil Product Ltd, England) to findout fluid flow rates, pressure drops etc.
Result sheet is attached (Annex).
- Consider the 32mm Copper tubing for water stream, and same pipe arrangement is considered for both loops
- Flow velocity- 1m/s, Friction Loss- 400Pa/m
- As per Carrier Pipe Design Manual
Pipe/Fitting/Valve
Qty

Equalent Length (m) Length (m) - l (=Qty x le) Friction Loss

(Pa) - l x 400
le

Straight Pipe

30.00

30

12000

90 0 screwed elbows

0.70

4.2

1680

Globe Valves

11.58

69.48

27792

Non-return Valves

4.27

4.27

1708

Strainer

2.74

2.74

1096

T joints

2.13

6.39

2556
46832

Calculation sheet

Total Pump pressure drop without coils

46.83 kPa
Riser 01

Drop through coil

Total Pump pressure drop with coils
Safety Factor to pressure drop
Pump pressure drop with SF

Riser 02

57.80

57.6 kPa

104.63

104.43 kPa

1.05

1.05 kPa

109.86

109.65 kPa

Water flow rate

0.90

0.8 l/s

Required Power to pump (QxH/)

0.15

0.13 kW

From coil selection sheet ()

From coil selection sheet ()

: = 65%

Fans static pressure

Run - around coil
Riser 01

Riser 02

S/A Fans static pressure (external static pressure+pressure drop through coil)

539.7

453.9 Pa

TEA Fans static pressure (external static pressure+pressure drop through coil)

573.1

517.9 Pa

Pressure drop through wheel

200

200 Pa

S/A Fans static pressure (external static pressure+pressure drop through wheel)

500

500 Pa

TEA Fans static pressure (external static pressure+pressure drop through wheel)

535

565 Pa

Energy recovery wheel

Power consumption with ERW

Note: fan efficiency ( ) is considered as

65%
ERW 01

ERW 02

Power S/A fan (QxH/)

4.21

4.88 kW

Power E/A fan (QxH/)

2.61

2.38 kW

Power Rotor drive motor

0.18

0.18 kW

Total

7.00

7.44 kW

Power consumption with run around loop

Loop 01
Power S/A fan (QxH/)

4.54

Loop 02
4.43 kW

Data sheet attached

Calculation sheet
Power E/A fan (QxH/)

2.80

2.18 kW

Power for pump

0.15

0.13 kW

Total

7.49

6.74 kW

Data sheet attached

Power consumption without ERU

Riser 01

Riser 02

Power of AHU OA fan (QxH/)

2.52

2.93 kW

Power of toilet exhaust fan (QxH/)

1.64

1.54 kW

Total

4.16

4.46 kW

Run around
loop
ERW
Power saving {Consumption without
ERU-(Consumption with ERU-Saving
due to ERU)}

Riser 01

-0.72

12.87 kW

Riser 02

-0.01

10.68 kW