Chapultepec Castle
Chapultepec Castle
Chapultepec Castle
The tradition of Chapultepec Castle as the residence of Mexican presidents dating back to
the fourteenth century, when Moctezuma I ordered the construction of hydraulic works in the
springs around the place. The proximity of the site with the lake enabled the growth of
tall Ahuehuetes (Sabinos), some of which endure to this day.
W ithin the Basin of Mexico stands, to the west, a small hill whose elevation is 23 degrees
above the main square of Mexico City. Its strategic location and availability of natural
resources made it attractive to groups Teotihuacan, Toltec and Tepanecs in the twelfth
century. By 1245 came the Mexico gave their current name and inhabited until 1280 when it
was founded Tenochtitlan .
We must take into account that for indigenous peoples the mountains are sacred sites, so
that the summit the Mexica established a temple to Huitzilopochtli, while on the slopes,
Moctezuma II enlarged the summer residence of tlatoani, ecological reserve and proveeduría
Tenochtitlan drinking water through a remarkable aqueduct.
After the Conquest Spanish Cortes took Chapultepec in assets and served as hunting
grounds of the Viceroy de Velasco, but in 1530 it became property of the municipality as a
public park and began reconstruction of the aqueduct to bring to life the emerging Mexican
capital.
With this character was considered national treasures by President Guadalupe Victoria,
turned into military training barracks in 1841.
This school was to train officers from all military branches, with an average of two hundred
students whose education lasted seven years, covering a wide range of materials.
However, the volatility of the Republic of mid-century, due to coups, economic crisis, political
divisions and the ambiguous actions of General Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana, meant that in
1847 the United States invaded the country, reaching the capital August.
Having won the battles of Churubusco and Padierna General Scott's forces took the place of
the Military Academy on the 13th of September, defended by the San Patricio Battalion and a
few cadets who have passed into history as the Child Heroes.
A new invasion, this time from France Chapultepec expression changes at the start of
construction of the Imperial Palace of Maximilian of Hapsburg and the stroke of a walk to
attach the Castle with the City of Mexico. The building was added to the second part of the
facade, and were projected to make adjustments to the plans palatial residence to France in
charge which included the Alcázar.
Golden age
With the restoration of the Republic, the Castillo went to the presidential residence during the
government of Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada (Benito Juarez preferred to dwell in the National
Palace, as a gesture of austerity).
The golden age of the castle was, however during the government of Porfirio Diaz. The
general, who ironically liberated the city of conservative forces in the Second Empire, gained
for the pomp Chapultepec Maximiliano and Carlota never enjoyed decorating their interiors
with luxury Europeanization. This is where President Diaz took the momentous interview with
American journalist who left ajar Creelman carved gates of the Castle to the revolutionary
movement in 1910.
The first post-revolutionary rulers maintained their status and protect their lives inhabiting the
castle. The most notable of these was Plutarco Elias Calles, who designed political
institutions and patterns from his office. With the arrival of the government of Lazaro
Cardenas, the presidential headquarters leaves the top of the hill in 1939 to settle in the
nearby Molino del Rey in the area known as Los Pinos.