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Apuntes b1

The document provides vocabulary for distinguishing between the verbs "make" and "do" in English. It explains that "make" is used to create or construct something from the beginning, while "do" is used for activities and tasks. Examples are given for common phrases using each verb, such as "make a cake" or "do homework". The document also covers the passive voice in grammar, how to form passive sentences, and when the passive voice is used.

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Jose Carlos Juanos Maculet
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143 views

Apuntes b1

The document provides vocabulary for distinguishing between the verbs "make" and "do" in English. It explains that "make" is used to create or construct something from the beginning, while "do" is used for activities and tasks. Examples are given for common phrases using each verb, such as "make a cake" or "do homework". The document also covers the passive voice in grammar, how to form passive sentences, and when the passive voice is used.

Uploaded by

Jose Carlos Juanos Maculet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXTRA VOCABULARY : MAKE or DO

MAKE: Fabricar, crear, construir un cosa ( item, object) desde el principio.


DO + Activity ==== Sport, homework , housework => Perform (realizar). ( todas las tareas del
hogar van con DO, excepto MAKE DE BED ).
WORDS USED WITH MAKE:
Make a will ==== Hacer testamento, ultimas voluntades.
Make the speech ==== Hacer una conferencia.
Make a profit ==== Hacer beneficios.
Make efforts ==== Hacer esfuerzos.
Make the bed ==== Hacer la cama.
Make noise ==== Hacer ruido.
Make progress ==== Hacer progreso.
Make a mess ==== Hacer un desastre.
Make a cake ==== Hacer un pastel.
Make money ==== Hacer dinero.
Make an inquiry ==== Hacer una consulta.
Make a phone call ==== Hacer una llamada telefonica.
Make a fuss ==== Hacer una montaa de un grano de arena, exagerar.
Make a mistake ==== Hacer un error.
Make friends ==== Hacer amigos.
Make notes ==== Hacer anotaciones.
WORDS USED WITH DO:
Do exercises ==== Hacer ejercicios ( Ex. Piano).
Do damage ==== Hacer dao ( a cosas ).
Do work ==== Hacer trabajo.
Do business ==== Hacer negocios.
Do the washing ==== Hacer la colada.
Do harm ==== Hacer dao ( a una persona = hurt ).
Do housework ==== Hacer el trabajo de la casa ( en general ).
Do crossword ==== Hacer crucigramas.
Do the washing up ==== Fregar los platos.
Do well ==== Hacerlo bien.
Do the ironing ==== Planchar.

GRAMMAR 6A : THE PASSIVE


Shakespeare

Aurora

wrote

Romeo and Juliet

didn't write

ACTIVE

Romeo and Juliet

Romeo and Juliet

was written

Romeo and Juliet

wasn't written

by Shakespeare

PASSIVE

by Aurora

USE :
- If we want to focus on the subject we use the ACTIVE.
- If we want to focus on the object, we use the PASSIVE.
- To be more formal / impersonal.
- To describe processes ( Instructions, Scientific process,..).
- When the person who does the action is :
1) Not mentioned.
2) Unknown.
3) Obvious.
4) Unimportant.
EX) They are restoring the cathedral
The catedral

is being restored

by them

STRUCTURE:
BE ( ALL FORMS) +

PAST PARTICIPLE (PPLE)

PRESENT SIMPLE ==> AM / IS / ARE + PPLE


PRESENT CONTINUOUS ==> AM / IS / ARE + BEING + PPLE
PAST SIMPLE ==> WAS / WERE + PPLE
PAST CONTINUOUS ==> WAS / WERE + BEING + PPLE
PRESENT PERFECT ==> HAVE / HAS + BEEN + PPLE
PAST PERFECT ==> HAD + BEEN + PPLE
FUTURE ==> WILL BE + PPLE
==> AM / IS / ARE + GOING TO BE + PPLE
CONDITIONAL ==> WOULD BE + PPLE
==> COULD BE + PPLE

GERUND ==> BEING + PPLE


INFINITIVE ==> TO BE + PPLE
MODALS ==> SHOULD / CAN / MIGHT / OUGHT TO / MUST + BE + PPLE
PASSIVE WITH TWO OBJECTS
The boy

gave

my sister

a present

( Si el objeto indirecto va antes que el objeto directo: No se pone TO )


There are two options :
1) My sister was given a present by the boy
2) A present was given to my sister

by the boy

In the past, the earth was thought to be flat.

VOCABULARY 6B: THE BODY


PARTS OF THE BODY :
ARMS = BRAZOS
BACK = ESPALDA
EARS = OIDOS
EYES = OJOS
FACE = CARA, ROSTRO
FEET ( singular FOOT ) = PIES
FINGERS = DEDOS ( de la mano )
HANDS = MANOS
HEAD = CABEZA
KNEES = RODILLAS
LEGS = PIERNAS
LIPS = LABIOS
MOUTH = BOCA
NECK = CUELLO ( exterior )
NOSE = NARIZ
SHOULDERS = HOMBROS
STOMACH = ESTOMAGO
TEETH ( singular TOOTH) = DIENTES
TOES = DEDOS ( de los pies )
TONGUE = LENGUA
VERBS RELATED TO THE BODY
BITE = MORDER ( irregular verb BIT / BITTEN )
CLAP = APLAUDIR ( CLAPPED regular verb )
KICK = CHUTAR, PATEAR ( KICKED regular verb )
NOD = ASENTIR CON LA CABEZA, INCLINAR LA CABEZA ( NODDED regular verb )
POINT = SEALAR ( POINTED regular verb )
SMELL = OLER ( SMELT / SMELT irregular verb )
SMILE = SONREIR ( SMILED regular verb )
STARE (AT) = MIRAR FIJAMENTE A ALGUIEN, QUEDARSE MIRANDO ( regular verb )
TASTE = SABOREAR, TENER UN GUSTO ( TASTED regular verb )
THROW = LANZAR ( THREW / THROWN irregular verb )
WHISTLE = SILBAR (regular verb )

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