Mamute - Monitoring Automotive Unit Transit Emissions:: Development and Application For Flex-Fuel and Diesel Vehicles
Mamute - Monitoring Automotive Unit Transit Emissions:: Development and Application For Flex-Fuel and Diesel Vehicles
Mamute - Monitoring Automotive Unit Transit Emissions:: Development and Application For Flex-Fuel and Diesel Vehicles
Keywords:
Abstract:
Vehicle emissions are substantially contributing air pollution in urban areas. Estimated to around 23% of
global CO2 emissions are derived only from the transportation sector. Particularly, CO and HC pollutants
from light vehicles emissions (i.e. Otto cycle) are more significant. However, the heavy vehicles (i.e. Diesel
cycle) are responsible for most emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Considering the
atmospheric pollution negative impacts, several efforts have been made by researchers in the development
and determination for instantaneous emissions systems from automotive vehicles. Use of emission factors,
input data for vehicle emissions modeling, useful tool to support policy development, evaluation and
optimization of urban mobility are essential. Thus, this paper aims to explain the alternative method
developed by researchers for on-board system that can be used to emissions monitoring from light or heavy
vehicles (i.e. flex-fuel and diesel engine), named MAMUTE Monitoring AutoMotive Unit Transit
Emissions. This paper also describes the application of the developed equipment and emission factors
obtained for the main pollutants from combustion for both engine types, as well as the analysis of effect of
operating modes vehicle. In general, emission factors for Diesel vehicle showed higher values than flex-fuel
vehicle. Acceleration mode has a more significant influence than others operating modes for the tested
vehicles (flex-fuel and diesel), producing significant emission rates. In this study was presented similar
emissions factor as described in the literature.
INTRODUCTION
Parameters
MEASUREMENT
Vehicle dynamic
EMISSION
METHODS
Road
Emissions
CO
CO2
NOx
SOx
HC
MP
Speed
Acceleration
Engine
Coolant
Temperature
Engine RPM
Ignition
Timing
Advance
Intake Air
Temperature
Throttle
Position
Mass Air
Flow
Manifold Air
Pressure
Engine Load
Intake Air
Temperature
Longitude
Latitude
Grade
Altitude
IR/EC
Sensor
Chassi
Dynamometer
PEMS
MAMUTE:
MONITORING
AUTOMOTIVE UNIT TRANSIT
EMISSIONS
3.1
Sensors
NDIR
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
NDIR/ELC
4
1
2
6
5 - Themocouple
6 - Pitot Tube
7 - Laptop
8 - Data Processing
3
6
1
8
7
6 - Themocouple
7 - Pitot Tube
8 - Laptop
9 - Data Processing
MAMUTE: REAL-WORLD
DRIVING CYCLE TESTS
1800
1600
Flex-fuel
Nissan Versa 1.6 SV
Blend Gasoline/Ethanol
(27% v/v)
Diesel
Hyundai HR
Diesel
PC
UFT
1,088 kg
5,000 kg
Catalyst
Euro V
Euro V
2014
2011
30,773 km
100,525 km
0,0045
Otto cycle
Diesel cycle
0,0040
0,0035
0,0030
CO (g/s)
0,0025
0,0020
0,0015
Numbers of vehicle
1400
0,0010
1200
0,0005
1000
0,0000
800
125
250
375
500
625
750
875
1000
1125
1250
Time (s)
600
400
200
0
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
80
Operating Mode
100
60
40
20
Notes: *CO2/100. **n.a.; (1) E27 and (2) B7 (7% v/v biodiesel)
CO2
Acceleration
Emissions
Idle
NOx
Deceleration
Cruise
100
Operating Mode(%)
80
60
REFERENCES
40
20
CO2
NOx
Emissions
Acceleration
Idle
Deceleration
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to acknowledge the Brazilian
agencies (CAPES, FUNCAP and CNPq) for support
research and scholarship. The authors would also
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