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    Chemical Kinetics - Formulas: aA+bB CC+DD

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    sarthak cheema
    Chemical kinetics formulas are presented for zero order, first order, and second order reactions. The overall reaction rate is equal to the sum of the individual reaction rates divided by their coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. Half-life is the time for the concentration to drop to half the initial value. The Arrhenius equation relates the temperature dependence of reaction rates, showing that the rate constant k increases exponentially with temperature. Plots of ln(k) or ln(t1/2) versus 1/T yield straight lines from which the activation energy Ea can be determined.

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    Chemical Kinetics - Formulas: aA+bB CC+DD

    Uploaded by

    sarthak cheema
    23 views1 page
    Chemical kinetics formulas are presented for zero order, first order, and second order reactions. The overall reaction rate is equal to the sum of the individual reaction rates divided by their coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. Half-life is the time for the concentration to drop to half the initial value. The Arrhenius equation relates the temperature dependence of reaction rates, showing that the rate constant k increases exponentially with temperature. Plots of ln(k) or ln(t1/2) versus 1/T yield straight lines from which the activation energy Ea can be determined.

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    Kinetics

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    Chemical kinetics formulas are presented for zero order, first order, and second order reactions. The overall reaction rate is equal to the sum of the individual reaction rates divided by their coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. Half-life is the time for the concentration to drop to half the initial value. The Arrhenius equation relates the temperature dependence of reaction rates, showing that the rate constant k increases exponentially with temperature. Plots of ln(k) or ln(t1/2) versus 1/T yield straight lines from which the activation energy Ea can be determined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    23 views1 page

    Chemical Kinetics - Formulas: aA+bB CC+DD

    Uploaded by

    sarthak cheema
    Chemical kinetics formulas are presented for zero order, first order, and second order reactions. The overall reaction rate is equal to the sum of the individual reaction rates divided by their coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. Half-life is the time for the concentration to drop to half the initial value. The Arrhenius equation relates the temperature dependence of reaction rates, showing that the rate constant k increases exponentially with temperature. Plots of ln(k) or ln(t1/2) versus 1/T yield straight lines from which the activation energy Ea can be determined.

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    Chemical Kinetics - Formulas

    conc
    time or

    [A]
    t . Instantaneous rate is the slope of a concentration vs time plot and is
    d[A]
    shown by the differential equation: dt . Overall rates for forward reactions are shown as POSITIVE rates,
    d[A]
    therefore, all reactants (which have negative rate of change) must have their rates negated dt .
    All rates written as

    In general for the overall reation:

    aA + bB

    c C + d D

    [A]
    =
    a t

    overall rxn rate

    [B]
    + [C]
    + [D]
    =
    =
    b t
    c t
    d t

    Note that each individual rate is divided by its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.
    Half-life (t1/2) : The time it takes for the concentration to drop to one half its current value during the course of
    the reaction. Note that the current value is typically the initial starting value - but not always.

    Rate Laws for:

    aA

    products (all the following equations assume that k is for the overall reaction)

    Zero Order

    First Order

    Second Order

    rate = ak

    rate = ak[A]
    ln[A]0 ln[A]t = akt

    rate = ak[A]2

    [A]0 [A]t = akt

    [A]
    ln 0 = akt
    [A]

    [A]t = -akt + [A]0

    t1/ 2 =

    [A]0
    2ak

    1
    1

    = akt
    [A]t [A]0
    1
    1
    = akt +
    [A]t
    [A]0
    1
    t1/ 2 =
    ak[A]0

    ln[A]t = akt + ln[A]0

    t1/ 2 =

    ln2
    ak

    Watch out for this! Make sure you know HOW k is defined for a reaction. It must be known
    WHICH component that the rate is
    being expressed. Is it A? B? C? D? Many times k is given for the overall reaction. If that is the case then you must remember to scale
    k by the coefficients (a, b, c, or d) given in order to get the right rates for each component. That is: k = ak, etc (this is discussed in
    15.2 in your textbook)

    section

    k = Ae

    Temperature dependence of rate (Arrhenius Equation)


    Heres the straight line plot (y = mx + b) version:

    ln k =

    When finding
    the new k at a new T...

    ln

    k2
    k1

    Ea
    =
    R

    1
    T1

    1
    T2

    Ea
    R

    Note this is the typical Arrhenius Equation where you have 2


    specific rate consants at 2 specific temperatures. Remember
    they come in pairs. Also note how the Arrhenius factor A, has
    factored OUT of the equation.

    Ea /RT


    1
    + ln A
    T
    Here is the version using half-lives instead of ks

    ln

    t1
    t2

    Ea
    =
    R

    1
    T1

    1
    T2

    This is still the Arrhenius Equation, EXCEPT we now show


    TIME in place of rate constant. Time is inversely proportional
    to rate so the positions are switched. Any common timed event
    will work half-life is the most common.

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