Eia Chapter 6.1 Alternative Analysis

ENVS402 Environmental Impact Assessment
Chapter 6: Executing the EIA Process

1.
2
2.
3.
4
4.
5.
1
Alternative Analysis
T
Types
off Impacts
I
Methods of identifying impacts
Impact prediction techniques
Impact evaluation
9/16/2011
ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma
Analysiscarriedoutonthebasisofvariousbiophysical
Analysis
carried out on the basis of various biophysical
andsocioeconomicparametersincluding:
1. technicalfeasibility,
2. economicviabilityand
3. environmentalacceptabilityoftheproject.
Thisanalysisprovidesinformationabouttheadvantages
anddisadvantagesofeachalternativeconsidered.
It can be done during the scoping process or report
Itcanbedoneduringthescopingprocessorreport
preparation.
9/16/2011
Types of Alternatives
Twotypesofalternativesaretaken:
1.Donothingornoactionorstatusquoalternative
Nochangeinthesocioeconomicconditionsortheservicesto
thesociety,andinsomeareaenvironmentaldegradationwill
y,
g
continue.
2.Implementationoftheproject(withmultiplealternatives)
2.
Implementation of the project (with multiple alternatives)
Favorsimplementationoftheprojectbyconsidering
alternativesintermsofsiteselection,designandoperational
methods, project scale and timing of the project.
methods,projectscaleandtimingoftheproject.
Exampleofthealternativestobeconsideredcanbealternative
accessroads,reducingvehicularemissionortraffic,reductionin
surface run off etc
surfacerunoffetc
3
9/16/2011
ConsideringAlternatives
9/16/2011
Alternative Analysis legal Provisions

Section4ofEPR1997requirestheproponenttoconsider
the following aspects as alternatives in an EIA study
thefollowingaspectsasalternativesinanEIAstudy
Design,Projectsite,
Technology,operationalprocedure,timescheduleand
rawmaterials
Environmentalmanagementsystems
Acceptanceoftherisks
p
Othermatters
Magnitude,extentanddurationoftheimpactsshouldbe
considered for comparison of alternatives
consideredforcomparisonofalternatives
Theseimpactscanbeevaluatedquantitatively,
qualitativelyorbyusingranking,ratingorscalingapproach
5
9/16/2011
Methods of Alternative Analysis

1. Unranked Paired Comparison Technique Simple Technique
Unranked Paired Comparison Technique
Suppose there are four decisive factors in the plan such as;
F1 = Relating to the degree of achieving overall objective;
F2 = Relating to the economic efficiency;
F3 = Relating
g to the social concerns;
F4 = Relating to the environmental concerns; and
F5 = Dummy factor
Decision
Factors
Assignments of Weights
Sum
FIC
F1
0.4
F2
0.2
F3
0.1
F4
0.3
F5
0.00
Total
10
1.00
9/16/2011

1. Unranked Paired Comparison Technique Complex Situation
F1 has three scenarios (A1 , A2

A2, A3); F2 has three scenarios
F3 has three alternatives; F4 has three alternatives
Decision
F t
Factors
A1
A2
F1
Achieve greatest degree of

f lf ll
fulfillment
off needs
d andd
objectives
Achieve least degree Achieve medium

off needs
d andd
d
degree
off meeting
objectives
needs and objectives
F2
Medium economic
efficiency
Low economic
efficiency
High economic
efficiency
F3
Undesirable social impacts

expected
No social impacts
expected
Beneficial social
impacts expected
Decrease overallll
D
environmental
quality by 10%
Decrease overallll
D
environmental
quality by 10%9/16/2011
F4
7
Alternative Proposals
ENVS402 EIA
Decrease overallll
D
environmental quality by
by
Dr. Subodh Sharma
20%
A3

Scaling/Rating
g
g /Ranking
g of Alternatives Relative to F1,, F2,, F3 and F4
Alternatives
F1
Sum
ACC
Alternatives
F2
0 50
0.50
A1
1 0
0.17
A2
1 2
0.33
A3
0 0 0
0.00
A4(dummy)
1.00
Grand Total
Sum
ACC
Alternatives
F4
0.17 A1
0 0
0.33 A2
1 3
0.50 A3
Assignments of
Desirability
A1
1 1
A2
A3
1
0 1
A4(dummy)
1
0
Grand Total
Alternatives
F3
Assignments of
Desirability
A1
0 0
A2
A3
0 1
1
A4(d
A4(dummy)
)
Grand Total
ENVS402 EIA
8
1
1
0 0 0 0
0 00 A4(dummy)
0.00
A4(d
)
1.00 Grand Total
by Dr. Subodh Sharma
Sum
ACC
0 33
0.33
0.17
1 3
0.50
0.00
1.00
Sum
ACC
0.17
0.33
1 3
0.50
0 0 0
0 00
0.00
1.00
Assignments of
Desirability
1
0 1
1
1
0
Assignments of
Desirability
1
0 1
1
1
0
9/16/2011
FIC (Factor
(F t Important
I
t t Coefficient)
C ffi i t) and
d
ACC (Alternative Choice Coefficient) values for Decision problems
Decisi
on
Factor
FIC
Value
ACC values of alternatives
A1
A2
A3
F1
0.40
0.50
0.17
0.33
F2
0.20
0.33
0.17
0.50
F3
0.10
0.17
0.33
0.50
F4
0.30
0.17
0.33
0.50
Decision
Factor
ACC values of alternatives
A1
A2
A3
F1
0 200
0.200
0 068
0.068
0 132
0.132
F2
0.066
0.034
0.100
F3
0.017
0.033
0.050
F4
0.051
0.099
0.150
0.334
0.234
0.432
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2. Impact Ranking and Alternative Comparison
10
MelamchiRiverintakecapacity=1ocumec
Melamchi
River intake capacity = 1o cumec
Sedimentationtank
27kmlongtunnelwithadiameterof2.5m
TreatmentplantatSundarijal
p
j
Balancingreservoirof5mcumec
Diversioncanal
Accessroadof60kmlength
9/16/2011
11
RoshiKhola Located20kmeastofKathmandu
One116mhighdamtoprovidestorageof58millioncumec
Pressuretunnel150minlength
Storagereservoirwithcapacity3.3millioncumecwithinthevalley
Watertreatmentplant
Accessroadof5.5kminlength
d f
k
l
h
3,000personworkforce
Resettlementof310600households
9/16/2011

The Ranking method follows the National EIA Guidelines of Nepal
An example
p is from Melamchi Water Supply
pp y Scheme
Issues
Water Supply Scheme

Melamchi
Mod Melamchi
Lower Roshi Khola
R d d ddownstream
Reduced
t
water
t supply
l
10
Reduced downstream water quality
10
Increased downstream sediment transport
10
Increased downstream scouring
10
Deteriorating reservoir water quality
18
36
54
Increased
c ease erosion
e os o in general
ge e a due
ue to
project
40
40
200
Total
73
91
114
Melamchi scheme was the most feasible with score 73

12
9/16/2011

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ENVS402 Environmental Impact Assessment

Chapter 6: Executing the EIA Process

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

Alternative Analysis legal Provisions

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

Methods of Alternative Analysis

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

Methods of Alternative Analysis

F1 has three scenarios (A1 , A2

Achieve greatest degree of

Achieve least degree Achieve medium

Undesirable social impacts

Methods of Alternative Analysis

1.00 Grand Total

by Dr. Subodh Sharma

ACC values of alternatives

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

ACC values of alternatives

2. Impact Ranking and Alternative Comparison

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

2. Impact Ranking and Alternative Comparison

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

2. Impact Ranking and Alternative Comparison

Water Supply Scheme

Lower Roshi Khola

Reduced downstream water quality

Increased downstream sediment transport

Increased downstream scouring

Deteriorating reservoir water quality

Melamchi scheme was the most feasible with score 73

ENVS402 EIA by Dr. Subodh Sharma

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