Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 259 views

    Ginger Production

    Uploaded by

    Umbisa Moses Gwehona
    Ginger is native to India and China and was introduced to Western Europe in the 9th century. It grows well in tropical climates with heavy rainfall and requires 1000-2000mm of annual rainfall. In Kenya, ginger is grown mainly in coastal areas and counties near Lake Victoria. There are three main cultivars grown in Kenya - Jamaican white ginger regarded as the highest quality, and Kenyan and Indian cultivars with dark skin seen as inferior. Ginger grows best in fertile, well-drained soil between pH 4.5-6.5. Land preparation is important before planting rhizome setts which are then grown for 8-10 months until harvest. Average fresh ginger yields are 10 tons/ha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ginger Production

    Uploaded by

    Umbisa Moses Gwehona
    259 views5 pages
    Ginger is native to India and China and was introduced to Western Europe in the 9th century. It grows well in tropical climates with heavy rainfall and requires 1000-2000mm of annual rainfall. In Kenya, ginger is grown mainly in coastal areas and counties near Lake Victoria. There are three main cultivars grown in Kenya - Jamaican white ginger regarded as the highest quality, and Kenyan and Indian cultivars with dark skin seen as inferior. Ginger grows best in fertile, well-drained soil between pH 4.5-6.5. Land preparation is important before planting rhizome setts which are then grown for 8-10 months until harvest. Average fresh ginger yields are 10 tons/ha

    Original Description:

    Guide to Growing Ginger

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Ginger is native to India and China and was introduced to Western Europe in the 9th century. It grows well in tropical climates with heavy rainfall and requires 1000-2000mm of annual rainfall. In Kenya, ginger is grown mainly in coastal areas and counties near Lake Victoria. There are three main cultivars grown in Kenya - Jamaican white ginger regarded as the highest quality, and Kenyan and Indian cultivars with dark skin seen as inferior. Ginger grows best in fertile, well-drained soil between pH 4.5-6.5. Land preparation is important before planting rhizome setts which are then grown for 8-10 months until harvest. Average fresh ginger yields are 10 tons/ha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    259 views5 pages

    Ginger Production

    Uploaded by

    Umbisa Moses Gwehona
    Ginger is native to India and China and was introduced to Western Europe in the 9th century. It grows well in tropical climates with heavy rainfall and requires 1000-2000mm of annual rainfall. In Kenya, ginger is grown mainly in coastal areas and counties near Lake Victoria. There are three main cultivars grown in Kenya - Jamaican white ginger regarded as the highest quality, and Kenyan and Indian cultivars with dark skin seen as inferior. Ginger grows best in fertile, well-drained soil between pH 4.5-6.5. Land preparation is important before planting rhizome setts which are then grown for 8-10 months until harvest. Average fresh ginger yields are 10 tons/ha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Ginger Production

    Monday, 24 November 2014

    GINGER (Zingiber officinale)


    Other names: Official ginger, Tangawizi
    Ginger is native to India and China. It was one of the earliest spices known in Western Europe,
    used since the ninth century. The rhizomes contains gingerol, an oleo resin that accounts for the
    characteristic aroma and therapeutic properties.

    Utilization

    Ginger is sold as whole raw rhizomes, dried and powdered ginger, preserved or stem
    ginger also crystallized and pickled ginger.

    Fresh ginger is used in pickles, chutneys and curry pastes. Dried and ground ginger is a
    constituent of many curry powders.

    Rhizomes produce green sprouts which can be finely chopped added to a green salad.

    Dried ginger is used in cakes, biscuits, bread, puddings and jams and in some drinks like
    ginger beer, ginger wine and tea.

    Cultivars grown in Kenya


    It is essential to get the right cultivars of ginger to meet specific market requirements. Cultivars
    vary widely in quality and chemical characteristics. There are 3 known types of cultivars:
    Jamaican with an off-white color regarded as best quality, the Kenyan and Indian cultivars, both
    with dark skin and regarded as inferior.

    Ecological requirements
    Ginger is tolerant to a wide range of climatic conditions. It requires a tropical climate with heavy
    rain period followed by a hot dry spell. In Kenya ginger is grown on a limited scale in the

    Coastal Lowlands. However opportunities exist to grow the crop in Western Kenya, mainly in
    counties bordering the Lake Victoria.

    Altitude
    The crop can grow in areas ranging from coastal lowlands to 1500m above sea level.

    Rainfall
    Ginger requires 1000-2000mm of rainfall annually

    Temperature
    The optimum temperatures range for growing ginger is 25-300C with a mean annual range of 18270C. Ginger is not frost tolerant and low temperatures induce dormancy. Temperatures above
    320C and intense sunlight can result in leaf scorch particularly in young plants. To minimize the
    leaf scotch due to high temperatures it is recommended that the crop is interplanted with a cover
    crop to provide shade, but ginger is best grown under open cultivation
    Soils
    Ginger requires fertile well drained loamy soils. Heavy clays restrict the development of bold
    smooth rhizomes. On heavy soils, attention should be given to providing good drainage. Ginger
    thrives well in slightly acidic soils with pH range of 4.5-6.5
    Land preparation
    Land preparation should be done early at least 2 months before planting. Deep cultivation is
    required to ensure adequate rooting depth and to eliminate perennial weeds. It is important to
    incorporate well decomposed manure to adjust soil pH and organic matter levels by the time of
    planting. Ridging is necessary for best performance.
    Propagation

    Rhizomes for propagation should be selected at harvest, hardened and stored until next
    season.

    The rhizome fingers are separated into setts each approximately 2.5cm long and with at
    least a visible eye to give rise to a new plant.

    Setts should be pre-germinated before planting by covering with moist organic a layer of
    damp sawdust.

    Planting

    Before planting, the setts should be dipped in a fungicide solution to minimize fungal
    infection, followed by hot water treatment for 20 minutes at 480 C to eliminate
    nematodes.

    Setts are planted on ridges 25-30 cm apart, 15-30cm within rows and at a depth of 5-10
    cm. Adequate watering is necessary for uniform germination. Shoots start appearing after
    10-15 days and will continue over a period of 4-8 weeks.

    Seed rate
    The recommended seed rate varies from 1.5-1.7 tons/ha, depending on when the crop is to be
    harvested, higher rates used if the crop is to be harvested early.

    Fertilizer requirement and application


    Recommended fertilizer rates vary from 100-200kgN/ha, 65kg P/ha and 80-165kg K/ha.
    Phosphate fertilizers should be applied and incorporated into soil prior to planting, N and K
    should be applied in 2 splits- 1st at 1-2 months after planting, 2ndat 3-4 months applied in bunds
    along ridges. N can be applied in irrigation water.

    Manure requirement and application


    Ginger responds to organic manure and recommended rates vary from 20-50 tons/ha farmyard
    manure or compost to be applied before planting.

    Weeding
    Weeding is critical due to an extended germination time, slow initial growth and poor early
    ground cover. Manual weed control should be done with minimal disturbance to avoid crop
    damage. Perennial grasses must be eliminated before planting.

    Pest

    The most common pests of ginger are the nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica.
    The nematodes cause damage to the rhizomes and recommended control include crop rotation
    after every 3-4 years.
    Chilies are commonly rotated with ginger. Old banana fields are not suitable due to risk of
    nematodes infestation

    Diseases
    The major diseases of ginger are soil-borne fungal rots caused by Pythium spp, Fusarium spp
    and Sclertium spp which flourish in conditions of high moisture.Proper drainage and crop
    rotation reduces the buildup of soil borne pathogens.

    Harvesting and post harvest handling

    Full maturity is attained at 8-10 months when leaves turn yellow and start to lodge.
    Harvesting is done when plants are fully matured but depending on the market,
    harvesting can be done before full maturity.

    As plant matures volatile oil content decreases and fiber contents increase. Ginger
    rhizomes for preservation are harvested at 7 months when fibre content and pungency is
    still low. Ginger for fresh and dried products is harvested when volatile oil content is at
    maximum, at 7-9 months.

    Storage requirements

    For fresh ginger, the rhizomes are washed immediately after harvest and air dried in
    shade for 1-2 days to partially heal wounds prior to packaging and storage.

    Fully matured ginger rhizomes are harvested and sun-dried for longer preservation. The
    rhizomes are stored in slatted or wire sided boxes under cool conditions.

    The packaging should be designed to allow moisture to evaporate.

    Rhizomes can be stored for up to 6 months as rhizomes are adaptable and easily stores in
    cupboards or in refrigerators. Dried and powdered ginger is stored airtight containers.

    Yield
    The average yields of 10 tons/ha fresh ginger are realized while yield range for dried ginger is in
    order of 15-25% of fresh weight harvested

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy