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    Brief History of Chinese in The Philippines

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    Mitch Gatdula
    The Chinese have been migrating to the Philippines for centuries, first arriving as traders, artisans, and laborers in the 12th century. There have been three generations of Chinese writers in the Philippines. The first generation immigrated in the 1930s and were educated in China. The second generation was born in the Philippines and received bilingual education. The third generation arrived in the 1970s-1980s from China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Before 1974, most Chinese writers were Chinese nationals, as naturalization was difficult. Chinese schools followed both a local and Kuomintang curriculum until the 1960s, when they became standardized under the Department of Education with only 10 hours of Chinese taught. By the 1970s, most

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    Brief History of Chinese in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    Mitch Gatdula
    2K views2 pages
    The Chinese have been migrating to the Philippines for centuries, first arriving as traders, artisans, and laborers in the 12th century. There have been three generations of Chinese writers in the Philippines. The first generation immigrated in the 1930s and were educated in China. The second generation was born in the Philippines and received bilingual education. The third generation arrived in the 1970s-1980s from China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Before 1974, most Chinese writers were Chinese nationals, as naturalization was difficult. Chinese schools followed both a local and Kuomintang curriculum until the 1960s, when they became standardized under the Department of Education with only 10 hours of Chinese taught. By the 1970s, most

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    Brief History of Chinese in the Philippines

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    Brief History of Chinese in the Philippines

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    The Chinese have been migrating to the Philippines for centuries, first arriving as traders, artisans, and laborers in the 12th century. There have been three generations of Chinese writers in the Philippines. The first generation immigrated in the 1930s and were educated in China. The second generation was born in the Philippines and received bilingual education. The third generation arrived in the 1970s-1980s from China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Before 1974, most Chinese writers were Chinese nationals, as naturalization was difficult. Chinese schools followed both a local and Kuomintang curriculum until the 1960s, when they became standardized under the Department of Education with only 10 hours of Chinese taught. By the 1970s, most

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views2 pages

    Brief History of Chinese in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    Mitch Gatdula
    The Chinese have been migrating to the Philippines for centuries, first arriving as traders, artisans, and laborers in the 12th century. There have been three generations of Chinese writers in the Philippines. The first generation immigrated in the 1930s and were educated in China. The second generation was born in the Philippines and received bilingual education. The third generation arrived in the 1970s-1980s from China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Before 1974, most Chinese writers were Chinese nationals, as naturalization was difficult. Chinese schools followed both a local and Kuomintang curriculum until the 1960s, when they became standardized under the Department of Education with only 10 hours of Chinese taught. By the 1970s, most

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    Brief History of Chinese in the Philippines

    (From Charles Ongs A Bridge Too Far: Thoughts on Filipino-Chinese


    Writing)
    The Chinese have been in the Philippines for centuries. The Chinese
    came to the Philippines as traders, artisans, and laborers in several waves of
    migration since the twelfth century. (Such history of how the Chinese came
    to the Philippines and what influences they brought can be found in
    Philippines history books). The first generations of ethnic Chinese wrote
    about their experiences in the country raising their mother language, works
    published in community organs.
    But pertaining to Chinese Language Literature, which is connected to
    the history of Chinese in the country, there are already three generations of
    writers:
    1. First generations of immigrants came to the Philippines in the
    1930s. They were educated in China and were influenced by the May
    4, 1919 new literature movement in China;
    2. Second generation of Philippines born Chinese received a
    bilingual education and started writing in the sixties;
    3. Present generation consists of new immigrants from China, Hong
    Kong and Taiwan who came during the 70s and 80s.
    Filipino-Chinese writing of their experience as overseas Chinese in
    the Philippines, or as hua chiao, not the other way around, made
    their writings.
    Historically, before 1974, Chinese writers were actually Chinese
    nationals living in the Philippines. The naturalization process was expensive
    and complicated until 1974, and then President Ferdinand E. Marcos moved
    to facilitate the naturalization of Chinese because he wanted to recognize the
    Peoples Republic of China instead of Chinese Taipei.
    Before the 1960s when Chinese schools were nationalized, Chinese schools
    followed a dual curriculum one a local Department of Education
    curriculum the other a Kuomintang system. Students has stronger political
    commitments to China, because of this Filipinization (1960s) resulted in

    standardization of Chinese schools curriculum with Chinese taught only for


    ten hours. Chinese writers in this era write as Filipinos of Chinese descent
    (Third generation).
    In the 1970s most Chinese literature were written by the new
    immigrants from East Asia. Third-generation writers wrote mostly in
    English/Filipino, because most are products of Catholic-Protestant schools
    with English as medium of instruction. Chinese language had deteriorated
    since the 1970s, and so literature written by this time had little tradition,
    working only from what little oral tradition they could get. So cultural
    recovery and reconstruction is of concern today, preservation of
    Putonghua, the lingua franca of Chinese throughout the world.
    Overseas Chinese early immigrants call themselves hua-chiao
    (Chinese bridges) as a bridge between cultures. But today, ChineseFilipinos call themselves hua-yi, acknowledging their ethnicity, but
    accepting membership in the national polity of Filipinos trying to look back
    at the bridges of the past.

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