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Flow Chart: Expression Condition Statement S Condition Statement S

The document discusses different types of loops in JavaScript including while, do-while, and for loops. It provides syntax examples and explanations of how each loop works, including: - The while loop executes statements repeatedly as long as a condition is true. - The do-while loop is similar to the while loop but the condition check occurs at the end, so the statements are executed at least once. - The for loop combines initialization, condition, and iteration into one statement for a compact looping structure.

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64 views6 pages

Flow Chart: Expression Condition Statement S Condition Statement S

The document discusses different types of loops in JavaScript including while, do-while, and for loops. It provides syntax examples and explanations of how each loop works, including: - The while loop executes statements repeatedly as long as a condition is true. - The do-while loop is similar to the while loop but the condition check occurs at the end, so the statements are executed at least once. - The for loop combines initialization, condition, and iteration into one statement for a compact looping structure.

Uploaded by

Michael Wells
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You can use multiple if...elseif statements, as in the previous chapter, to perform a multiway branch.

However,
this is not always the best solution, especially when all of the branches depend on the value of a single variable.
Starting with JavaScript 1.2, you can use a switch statement which handles exactly this situation, and it does so
more efficiently than repeated if...else ifstatements.
Flow Chart
The following flow chart explains a switch-case statement works.

Syntax
The objective of a switch statement is to give an expression to evaluate and several different statements to execute
based on the value of the expression. The interpreter checks each case against the value of the expression until a
match is found. If nothing matches, a default condition will be used.
switch (expression)
{
case condition 1: statement(s)
break;
case condition 2: statement(s)
break;
...
case condition n: statement(s)
break;
default: statement(s)

}
The break statements indicate the end of a particular case. If they were omitted, the interpreter would continue
executing each statement in each of the following cases.
We will explain break statement in Loop Control chapter.
Example
Try the following example to implement switch-case statement.
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-var grade='A';
document.write("Entering switch block<br />");
switch (grade)
{
case 'A': document.write("Good job<br />");
break;
case 'B': document.write("Pretty good<br />");
break;
case 'C': document.write("Passed<br />");
break;
case 'D': document.write("Not so good<br />");
break;
case 'F': document.write("Failed<br />");
break;
default: document.write("Unknown grade<br />")
}
document.write("Exiting switch block");
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variable to different value and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
Output
Entering switch block
Good job
Exiting switch block
Set the variable to different value and then try...
Break statements play a major role in switch-case statements. Try the following code that uses switch-case
statement without any break statement.
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-var grade='A';
document.write("Entering switch block<br />");
switch (grade)
{
case 'A': document.write("Good job<br />");
case 'B': document.write("Pretty good<br />");

case 'C': document.write("Passed<br />");


case 'D': document.write("Not so good<br />");
case 'F': document.write("Failed<br />");
default: document.write("Unknown grade<br />")
}
document.write("Exiting switch block");
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variable to different value and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
Output
Entering switch block
Good job
Pretty good
Passed
Not so good
Failed
Unknown grade
Exiting switch block
Set the variable to different value and then try...
While writing a program, you may encounter a situation where you need to perform an action over and over again.
In such situations, you would need to write loop statements to reduce the number of lines.
JavaScript supports all the necessary loops to ease down the pressure of programming.
The while Loop
The most basic loop in JavaScript is the while loop which would be discussed in this chapter. The purpose of
a while loop is to execute a statement or code block repeatedly as long as an expression is true. Once the
expression becomes false, the loop terminates.
Flow Chart
The flow chart of while loop looks as follows

Syntax
The syntax of while loop in JavaScript is as follows
while (expression){
Statement(s) to be executed if expression is true

}
Example
Try the following example to implement while loop.
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-var count = 0;
document.write("Starting Loop ");
while (count < 10){
document.write("Current Count : " + count + "<br />");
count++;
}
document.write("Loop stopped!");
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variable to different value and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>

Output
Starting Loop
Current Count : 0
Current Count : 1
Current Count : 2
Current Count : 3
Current Count : 4
Current Count : 5
Current Count : 6
Current Count : 7
Current Count : 8
Current Count : 9
Loop stopped!
Set the variable to different value and then try...

The do...while Loop


The do...while loop is similar to the while loop except that the condition check happens at the end of the loop. This
means that the loop will always be executed at least once, even if the condition is false.
Flow Chart
The flow chart of a do-while loop would be as follows

Syntax
The syntax for do-while loop in JavaScript is as follows

do{
Statement(s) to be executed;
} while (expression);
Note Dont miss the semicolon used at the end of the do...while loop.
Example
Try the following example to learn how to implement a do-while loop in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-var count = 0;
document.write("Starting Loop" + "<br />");
do{
document.write("Current Count : " + count + "<br />");
count++;
}
while (count < 5);
document.write ("Loop stopped!");
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variable to different value and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>

Output
Starting Loop
Current Count : 0
Current Count : 1
Current Count : 2
Current Count : 3
Current Count : 4
Loop Stopped!
Set the variable to different value and then try...

The 'for' loop is the most compact form of looping. It includes the following three important parts
The loop initialization where we initialize our counter to a starting value. The initialization statement is
executed before the loop begins.
The test statement which will test if a given condition is true or not. If the condition is true, then the code
given inside the loop will be executed, otherwise the control will come out of the loop.
The iteration statement where you can increase or decrease your counter.
You can put all the three parts in a single line separated by semicolons.
Flow Chart
The flow chart of a for loop in JavaScript would be as follows

Syntax

The syntax of for loop is JavaScript is as follows


for (initialization; test condition; iteration statement){
Statement(s) to be executed if test condition is true
}
Example
Try the following example to learn how a for loop works in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-var count;
document.write("Starting Loop" + "<br />");
for(count = 0; count < 10; count++){
document.write("Current Count : " + count );
document.write("<br />");
}
document.write("Loop stopped!");
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variable to different value and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>

Output
Starting Loop
Current Count : 0
Current Count : 1
Current Count : 2
Current Count : 3
Current Count : 4
Current Count : 5
Current Count : 6
Current Count : 7
Current Count : 8
Current Count : 9
Loop stopped!
Set the variable to different value and then try...

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