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Coding Notes

The document provides information on JavaScript, jQuery, SQL, and Ruby. Some key points: - JavaScript code is inserted between <script> tags and functions execute when events occur or called. Scripts can be in external .js files. - SQL is a language for accessing and manipulating databases. Important commands include SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE and DROP. The WHERE clause filters records and AND/OR operators combine conditions. - jQuery makes JavaScript easier by selecting and manipulating HTML elements with $() and common actions. It can be included from a CDN or downloaded file. - Ruby has three basic data types - strings, booleans, and numbers. Objects are fundamental elements that can represent various

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Serge Gelin
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54 views10 pages

Coding Notes

The document provides information on JavaScript, jQuery, SQL, and Ruby. Some key points: - JavaScript code is inserted between <script> tags and functions execute when events occur or called. Scripts can be in external .js files. - SQL is a language for accessing and manipulating databases. Important commands include SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE and DROP. The WHERE clause filters records and AND/OR operators combine conditions. - jQuery makes JavaScript easier by selecting and manipulating HTML elements with $() and common actions. It can be included from a CDN or downloaded file. - Ruby has three basic data types - strings, booleans, and numbers. Objects are fundamental elements that can represent various

Uploaded by

Serge Gelin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAVASCRIPT

Whereto
JavaScriptcodemustbeinsertedbetween<script>and</script>tags.
Functionsareblocksofcodesthatcanbeexecutedwhenaskedfor.
o Afunctioncanbeexecutedwhenaneventoccurs.
Scriptscanbeplacedinexternalfiles;JavaScriptfilescanbesavedwiththe.jsextension.
JavaScriptOutput
Writeintoanalertboxusingwindow.alert()
WriteintotheHTMLoutputusingdocument.write()
WriteintoanHTMLelement,usinginnerHTML.
Writeintothebrowserconsole,usingconsole.log().
JavaScriptSyntax
JavaScriptsyntaxdefinestwovalues:Fixedvaluesandvariablevalues.
o Fixedvaluesarecalledliterals.
Numbersarewrittenwithorwithoutdecimals.
Stringsaretexts,writtenwithdoubleorsinglequotes.
o VariablevaluesarecalledvariablesUsedtostoredatavalues.
Usesthevarwordtodeclarevariables.
Anequalsignisusedtoassignvaluestovariables.
JavaScriptusesanassignmentoperator(=)toassignvaluestovariables.
JavaScriptISCASESENSITIVE.
JavaScriptStatements
Instructionssenttobeexecuted.
Semicolons(;)separatestatements.
JavaScriptVariables
Variablesarecontainersforstoringdatavalues.
AllJavaScriptvariablesmustbeidentifiedwithuniquenames.
JavaScriptStrings
JavaScriptstringsareusedforstoringandmanipulatingtexts.
JavaScriptDates

JavaScriptDateFormats
TherearefourtypesofJavaScriptdateinputformats:
o Isodate20150325
o Shortdate"03/25/2015"or"2015/03/25"
o Longdate"Mar252015"or"25Mar2015"
o Fulldate"WednesdayMarch252015"
JavaScriptDateMethods

JavaScriptArrays
JavaScriptarraysareusedtostoremultiplevaluesinasinglevariable.
TocreateaJavaScriptarray:
o Syntax:vararrayname:=[item1,item2,]
Anarrayelementbyreferringtotheindexnumber.
o [0]Isthefirstelementinanarray.[1]Isthesecondelementinanarray.
JavaScriptBooleans
JavaScriptbooleansrepresentsoneoftwovalues:trueandfalse.
ObjectDefinitions
InJavaScript,almosteverythingisanobject:
o Booleanscanbeobjects.
o Numberscanbeobjects.
o Stringscanbeobjects.
o DatesareALWAYSobjects.
o MathsisALWAYSobjects.
Thenamedvalues,inJavaScriptobjects,arecalledproperties.

JQUERY
JQueryIntro
MakesitmucheasiertouseJavaScriptonawebsite.
TheJQuerylibraryisasingleJavaScriptfile,andyoureferenceitwiththeHTML<script>tag
(whichshouldbeintheheadsection):
<Head>
<Scriptsrc=jquery3.1.1.min.js></script>
</head>
IfyoudontwanttodownloadandhostJQuery,youcanincludeitfromaCDN(ContentDelivery
Network).TousethequeryfromGoogle,use:
o <Scriptsrc="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
JQuerySyntax
Thebasicsyntaxis:$(selector).action()
o

A$signtodefine/accessjQuery

A(selector)to"query(orfind)"HTMLelements

AjQueryaction()tobeperformedontheelement(s)

JQuerySelectors
AllowsyoutoselectandmanipulateHTMLelements;alltheselectorsstartwith$().

SQL
Introduction
SQLstandsforstructuredquerylanguage.
Itletsyouaccessandmanipulatedatabases.
Tobuildawebsitethatshowsdatafromadatabaseyouwillneed:
o RDMBSdatabaseprogram(MySQL,SQLserver,Oracle,MSaccess,IBMDB2)
o UseaserversidescriptinglanguagelikePHPorASP.
o UseHTML/CSS
RDBMSisthebasisforSQL;thedatainRDBMSisstoredindatabaseobjectscalledtables.
o Atableisacollectionofrelateddataentriesanditconsistsofcolumnsandrows.
Syntax
SQLkeywordsARENOTcasesensitive.
SemicolonsarethestandardwaytoseparateeachSQLstatement.
ImportantSQLcommands
o SELECTExtractsdatafromadatabase.
o UPDATEUpdatesdatainthedatabase.
o DELETEDeletesdatafromdatabase.
o CREATEDATABASECreatesanewdatabase.
o ALTERDATABASEModifiesdatabase.
o DROPTABLEDeletestables.
o CREATEINDEXCreatesanindex.
o DROPINDEXDeletesanindex.
SQLSelectStatement
TheSELECTstatementisusedtoselectdatafromadatabase.
o Theresultisstoredinaresulttable,calledtheresultset.
SQLSelectsyntax:SELECTcolumn_name,column_nameFROMtable_name;
SQLSelectDistinctStatements
Theselectdistinctstatementsareusedtoreturnonlydistinctvalues.
SQLSelectdistinctsyntax:SELECTDISTINCTcolumn_name,column_nameFROM
table_name;
SQLWhereClause
Thewhereclauseisusedtoextractonlythoserecordsthatfulfillaspecifiedcriterion.
SQLWheresyntax:SELECTcolumn_name,column_nameFROMtable_nameWHERE
column_nameoperatorvalue;
SQLAnd&OROperators
TheAND&ORoperatorsareusedtofilterrecordsbasedonmorethanonecondition.
TheANDoperatordisplaysarecordifboththefirstconditionandsecondconditionaretrue.
TheORoperatordisplaysarecordifeitherthefirstconditionORsecondconditionaretrue.
SQLorderbysyntax:SELECTcolumn_name,column_nameFROMtable_nameORDER
BYcolumn_nameASC|DESC,column_nameASC|DESC;
SQLInsertIntoStatement

Theinsertintostatementisusedtoinsertnewrecordsinatable.
ItispossibletowritetheINSERTINTOstatementintwoforms:
o Thefirstformdoesnotspecifythecolumnnameswherethedatawillbeinserted,only
theirvalues:INSERTINTOtable_nameVALUES(value1,value2,value3,...);
Thesecondformspecifiesboththecolumnnamesandthevaluestobeinserted:INSERT
INTOtable_name(column1,column2,column3,...)VALUES(value1,value2,value3,...);

SQLUpdateStatement
Theupdatestatementisusedtoupdaterecordsinatable.
SQLupdatesyntax:UPDATEtable_nameSETcolumn1=value1,column2=value2,...
WHEREsome_column=some_value;
SQLDeleteStatement
Thedeletestatementisusedtodeleterowsinatable.
SQLdeletesyntax:DELETEfromtable_nameWHEREsome_column=some_value;
SQLInjection
AnSQLinjectioncandestroyyourdatabase.
SQLTopClause
TheSELECTTOPclauseisusedtospecifythenumberofrecordstoreturn.
TopClausesyntax:SELECTTOPnumber|percentcolumn_name(s)
FROMtable_name;

SQLFUNCTIONS
SQLFunctions
SQLAggregatefunctionsreturnasinglevalue,calculatedfromvaluesinacolumn.

AVG()Returnstheaveragevalue

COUNT()Returnsthenumberofrows

FIRST()Returnsthefirstvalue

LAST()Returnsthelastvalue

MAX()Returnsthelargestvalue

MIN()Returnsthesmallestvalue

SUM()Returnsthesum

SQLScalarfunctionsreturnasinglevalue,basedontheinputvalue.
o

UCASE()Convertsafieldtouppercase

LCASE()Convertsafieldtolowercase

MID()Extractcharactersfromatextfield

LEN()Returnsthelengthofatextfield

ROUND()Roundsanumericfieldtothenumberofdecimalsspecified

NOW()Returnsthecurrentsystemdateandtime

FORMAT()Formatshowafieldistobedisplayed

SQLAVG()Functions
Returnstheaveragevalueofanumericcolumn.
SQLAVG()Syntax:SELECTAVG(column_name)FROMtable_name
SQLCOUNT()Functions

Returnsthenumberofrowsthatmatchesspecifiedcriteria.
SQLCOUNT(column_name)Syntax:SELECTCOUNT(column_name)FROMtable_name;

SQLCOUNT(*)Syntax:

SQLNow()Function
Thefunctionreturnsthecurrentsystemdateandtime.
SQLNOW()Syntax:SELECTNOW()FROMtable_name;
SQLFormat()Function
Itisusedtoformathowafieldistobedisplayed.
SQLFormat()Syntax:SELECTFORMAT(column_name,format)FROMtable_name;

RUBY
ThreeDatatypesinRUBY
1. Strings
2. Booleans
3. Numbers
Whatisanobject?!

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