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    HW8 Solutions

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    Nurul Husna MN
    1. The document contains solutions to physics problems involving capacitors. 2. In the first problem, the energy stored in a capacitor is calculated for different configurations, including when a dielectric is inserted. 3. The second problem involves calculating voltages and charges for capacitors connected in series and parallel. 4. The third problem uses Kirchhoff's laws to calculate currents in a circuit containing capacitors and resistors. 5. The fourth problem calculates the maximum charge that can be placed on parallel plates for cases when air or a dielectric is between the plates, given a maximum electric field.

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    HW8 Solutions

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Husna MN
    83 views3 pages
    1. The document contains solutions to physics problems involving capacitors. 2. In the first problem, the energy stored in a capacitor is calculated for different configurations, including when a dielectric is inserted. 3. The second problem involves calculating voltages and charges for capacitors connected in series and parallel. 4. The third problem uses Kirchhoff's laws to calculate currents in a circuit containing capacitors and resistors. 5. The fourth problem calculates the maximum charge that can be placed on parallel plates for cases when air or a dielectric is between the plates, given a maximum electric field.

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    1. The document contains solutions to physics problems involving capacitors. 2. In the first problem, the energy stored in a capacitor is calculated for different configurations, including when a dielectric is inserted. 3. The second problem involves calculating voltages and charges for capacitors connected in series and parallel. 4. The third problem uses Kirchhoff's laws to calculate currents in a circuit containing capacitors and resistors. 5. The fourth problem calculates the maximum charge that can be placed on parallel plates for cases when air or a dielectric is between the plates, given a maximum electric field.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views3 pages

    HW8 Solutions

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Husna MN
    1. The document contains solutions to physics problems involving capacitors. 2. In the first problem, the energy stored in a capacitor is calculated for different configurations, including when a dielectric is inserted. 3. The second problem involves calculating voltages and charges for capacitors connected in series and parallel. 4. The third problem uses Kirchhoff's laws to calculate currents in a circuit containing capacitors and resistors. 5. The fourth problem calculates the maximum charge that can be placed on parallel plates for cases when air or a dielectric is between the plates, given a maximum electric field.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    21 Fall 2006 HW8 Solutions

    1 Capacitor as an Energy-Storing Device


    An air-lled parallel-plate capacitor has area A and plate separation d. The capacitor is connected to a
    battery that creates a constant voltage V .
    Part A. Find the energy U0 stored in the capacitor.

    Solution: The energy stored in a capacitor is 2 CV 2 and for the parallel-plate capacitor, C = 0d . So, the
    1 A

    energy is U0 = 2d .
    0 AV 2

    Part B. The capacitor is now disconnected from the battery, and the plates are slowly pulled apart until
    the separation reaches 3d. Find the new energy U1 .
    Solution: First calculate the charge before the capacitance is changed: Q = CV = 0 d . Since the
    AV

    charge can't change in a disconnected capacitor, use this charge in the other energy formula for a capacitor,
    (0 AV /d)2
    U = 21 Q2 /C , using the new C = 3d
    0A
    . So, U1 = 2( 0 A/(3d))
    AV 2
    = 302d .
    Part C. The capacitor is now reconnected to the battery, and the plate separation is restored to d. A
    dielectric plate is slowly moved into the capacitor until the entire space between the plates is lled. Find
    the energy U2 of the dielectric-lled capacitor. The capacitor remains connected to the battery, and the
    dielectric constant is .
    Solution: Since the voltage is connected, use 2 CV 2 with C = d0 , i.e. U2 = .
    1 A 0 AV 2
    d

    2 SP 24.62: Capacitors
    A 4.00 F capacitor and a 6.00 F capacitor are connected in series across a 660 V supply line.
    Parts A thru D. Find the charges of and voltages across each capacitor.

    Solution: We assume the charges on the series capacitors are the same. Then Kircho's Loop equation
    says:
    Q Q
    660 = 0
    4 F 6 F
    5Q
    = 660
    12 106
    Q = 1.584 103 C

    This Q is the charge on each capacitor. The voltages are:


    Q Q
    V1 = = 396 V V2 = = 265 V
    4 F 6 F
    Parts E thru H. The charged capacitors are disconnectedfrom the line and from each other (without
    removing the charge) and then reconnected to each other in parallel, with the terminals of like sign together.
    The charge is then free to rearrange itself. Find the nal charges and voltages of each capacitor.
    Solution. When the capacitors are connected in parallel, the charge will ow until their voltages are the
    same. However, the total charge Qtot cannot change. Thus, there are two equations and two unknowns.
    Q1 + Q2 = 3.17 mC V1 = V2
    Q1 Q2
    =
    C1 C2
    Q1 3.17 mC Q1
    =
    4 F 6 F
    Q1
    V1 = V2 = = 317 V Q1 = 1.27 mC Q2 = 3.17 mC Q1 = 1.90 mC
    4 F

    1
    3 SP 26.22 Kircho's Law Problem
    In the circuit shown in Figure 1, Parts A-C: nd the magnitude of the
    current in the upper branch. Part D. Find the potential dierence Vab .
    Solution: First label the currents like the blue arrows on the gure. (If
    they are labeled in the wrong direction, it's okay, the number will just
    come out negative.) Then write Kircho's Current Law for the junction.

    Iin = Iout
    I1 + I2 = I3 (1) Figure 1: Circuit for Problem SP
    26.22
    Now write Kircho's Voltage Laws for the two loops. (Optionally, use around the outside instead of one of
    the loops.) Upper loop:

    V = 0 = +10 2I1 + 1I2 5 + 4I2 3I1 = 5 5I1 + 5I2 0 = 1 I1 + I2 (2)
    loop

    Lower loop:
    V = 0 = 5 1I2 10I3 4I2 = 5 5I2 10I3 0 = 1 I2 2I3 (3)
    loop

    Now solve for the currents I1 , I2 , and I3 . Substitute (1) into (3):
    1 2
    0 = 1 I2 2 (I1 + I2 ) = 1 2I1 3I2 I2 = I1
    3 3

    Substitute this into (2).


    ( )
    1 2 5 4
    0 = 1 I1 + I1 I1 = I1 = 0.8 A
    3 3 3 3

    And use this to nd the other currents.


    1 2 1 8
    I2 = I1 = = 0.2 A I3 = I1 + I2 = 0.6 A
    3 3 3 15

    For the potential dierence Vab = Va Vb , remember that this is Vnal Vinitial , so the path is from b to a.
    Take any path using voltages as in Kircho's Loop Law, but for the path instead of a loop.

    Vab = V = 4I2 3I1 = 4 (0.2) 3 (0.8) = 3.2 V
    ba

    2
    4 SP 24.38 Eect of a Dielectric
    A parallel-plate capacitor has a capacitance of C0 = 5.60 pF when there is air between the plates. The
    separation between the plates is 2.00 mm.
    Part A. What is the maximum charge that can be placed on each plate if the electric eld in the region
    between the plates is not to exceed 3.00 104 V/m?
    Solution:

    The maximum voltage is found from the maximum E because it is just the integral: V = |V | =
    ~ d~s = Ed. The charge is then
    E

    Q = CV = C0 Emax d = 3.36 1010 C

    Part B. A dielectric with a constant of = 3.10 is inserted between the plates of the capacitor, completely
    lling the volume between the plates. Now what is the maximum magnitude of the charge on each plate if
    the electric eld between the plates is not to exceed 3.00 104 V/m?
    Solution: The method is the same, except now the capacitance is times greater.
    Q = CV = C0 Emax d = 1.04 109 C

    The reason the dielectric works is that it cancells out part of the E eld, allowing a larger charge to be
    placed on the capacitor with the same voltage.

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