3 Phase TM

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(For Official Use Only)
Hkkjr ljdkj GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

jsy ea=ky; MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
Maintenance Handbook
On
3 Phase Traction Motor of
AC Electric Locomotives
TARGET GROUP: TRS Maintenance Staff
CAMTECH/E/2010/3Ph-TM/1.0
March 2010
egkjktiqj, Xokfy;j & 474 005

Maharajpur, GWALIOR - 474 005
Maintenance Handbook
On
3 Phase Traction Motor of
AC Electric Locomotives
QUALITY POLICY
To develop safe, modern and cost

effective Railway Technology complying
with Statutory and Regulatory
requirements, through excellence in
Research, Designs and Standards and
Continual improvements in Quality
Management System to cater to
growing demand of passenger and
freight traffic on the railways.
FOREWORD
All the major electrical working horses of Indian Railways such as WAP5, WAP7 and
WAG9 locomotives are equipped with three phase AC technology with asynchronous induction
motors. These motors are very robust, reliable, low weight and economical in maintenance
compared to DC traction motors. Since this technology is comparatively new, need for a handbook
on maintenance of three phase traction motors has been felt.
CAMTECH has prepared this handbook to cover all essential aspects of maintenance and
overhauling of three phase traction motors. It describes constructional features, various
maintenance schedules, overhauling procedure along with special tools, cleaning agents,
lubricants etc.
I am sure the book will prove to be very useful for our maintenance staff in electric loco
sheds and workshops maintaining three phase locomotives.
CAMTECH, Gwalior S.C. Singhal

Date :06.04.2010 Executive Director
PREFACE
Improved technology in the field of power electronics, IGBTs and microprocessor based
digital control systems have made the application of three phase induction motor possible in
traction applications. The asynchronous three phase induction motor is more suitable for traction
applications because of its high power density, greater reliability, higher operational speed and
lower maintenance. With the commercial availability of light weight, compact and high power
single phase to 3 phase converter three phase locomotives are now an ideal choice by the
Railways all over the world.
Traction motor is one of the most important equipment of electric locomotives which
provides driving power to the wheel. Its proper upkeep and maintenance is necessary to ensure
good reliability and availability of electric locomotives in service.
This handbook on maintenance of three phase traction motor has been prepared by
CAMTECH with the objective of making our maintenance personnel aware of correct
maintenance and overhaul techniques to be adopted in field.
It is clarified that this handbook does not supersede any existing provisions laid down by
RDSO or Railway Board. The handbook is for guidance only and it is not a statutory document.
I am sincerely thankful to Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. for their valuable inputs. I am also
thankful to all field personnel who helped us in preparing this handbook.
Technological upgradation and learning is a continuous process. Hence feel free to write us
for any addition/modification in this handbook. We shall highly appreciate your contribution in
this direction.
CAMTECH, Gwalior Jaideep Gupta

Date : 26th March 2010 Director Electrical
CONTENTS
Chapter No. Description Page No.
Foreword iii
Preface iv
Contents v
Correction Slip ` vi
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION 01
1.1 INTRODUCTION 01
1.2 PRINCIPLE OF VVVF CONTROL 02
1.3 ADVANTAGES OF THREE PHASE TRACTION MOTOR 02
1.4 TECHNICAL DATA 03
1.5 BEARING DETAILS 03
1.6 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES 03
2. MAINTENANCE OF TRACTION MOTOR 06

2.1 TI SCHEDULE 06
2.2 IA/IB SCHEDULE 06
2.3 IC SCHEDULE 07
2.4 AOH SCHEDULE 07
3. OVERHAULING 08
3.1 REMOVAL OF TRACTION MOTOR 08
3.2 PRE-INSPECTION 12
3.3 INCOMING TESTING 13
3.4 DISASSEMBLY OF PINION 13
3.5 DISASSEMBLY OF TRACTION MOTOR 14
3.6 OVERHAULING OF STATOR 14
3.7 OVERHAULING OF ROTOR 16
3.8 OVERHAULING OF END COVERS AND BEARINGS 17
3.9 ASSEMBLY OF TRACTION MOTOR 18
3.10 ASSEMBLY OF PINION 18
3.11 RUN TEST 19
3.12 INSTALLATION 20
3.13 INSPECTION AND TESTING PROFORMA FOR OVERHAULING OF
THREE PHASE TRACTION MOTOR 6 FXA 7059/ 6 FRA 6068 24
3.14 CLEANING AGENTS 29
3.15 ADMISSIBLE LUBRICATING GREASES 30
3.16 SPECIAL TOOLS FOR TRACTION MOTOR 30
3.17 LIST OF MUST CHANGE ITEMS 31
REFERENCES 32
ISSUE OF CORRECTION SLIPS
The correction slips to be issued in future for this handbook will be numbered as follows :
CAMTECH/E/2010/3Ph-TM/C.S. # XX date---------
Where XX is the serial number of the concerned correction slip (starting from 01
onwards).
CORRECTION SLIPS ISSUED
Sr. No. Date of issue Page no. and Item Remarks

no. modified
CAMTECH/E/2010/3Ph-TM/1.0 1
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
There has always been a strong desire to utilize the time proven robust squirrel
cage induction motor for traction application because of its high power density, greater
reliability, higher operational speed and lower maintenance. It has become possible
due to improved technology in the field of power electronics, IGBTs and
microprocessor based digital control system. The high power single phase to 3-phase
converter system not only meets the weight and space constraints peculiar to
locomotive design but also is economically viable. Consequently, 3-phase locomotive
are now found suitable for commercial use in Railways all over the world.
The basic system comprises of an input converter, a DC link and a drive

converter. Single phase power from OHE, after being stepped down in the loco
transformer is fed to the input converter. The force commutated line converter serves
two basic functions. First it maintains the DC link voltage at the desired value and
secondly it forces a sinusoidal input current in phase with the input voltage. The input
converter is designed to operate in a 4-quadrant mode with the pulse width modulation
(PWM) technique. The DC link consists of a large bank of capacitors for storing
energy to maintain the link voltage during sudden mismatch of power between the
load side and the supply side. A tuned filter in the DC link filters out the double power
frequency power pulsations as a result of single phase rectification.
The drive converters converts DC voltage (from DC link) to 3 phase

alternating voltage. These are operated in Variable Voltage Variable Frequency
(VVVF) mode to achieve torque/ speed control of traction motors. The out put
frequency of the inverters is controlled by timing the turn on and turn off pulse to the
devices in each phase. Simultaneously a phase shift of 120 between the firing angles
of devices in the three phases is maintained. Full range continuous voltage control of
the inverter is achieved by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique. The
configuration of line converters and drive converters are similar which makes it
Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

possible to force a reverse power flow in case of regenerative braking. A reverser in

the rotational direction of the traction motors is achieved without the use of reverser
by simply altering the phase sequence of the inverter output voltage through switching
sequence of the devices.
1.2 PRINCIPLE OF VARIABLE VOLTAGE VARIABLE FREQUENCY (VVVF)

CONTROL
Torque of an Induction motor is

T = K. (v/f)2. fs
Where, T = Torque, K = Constant
v = Inverter output voltage
f = Inverter output frequency &
fs = Slip frequency
Constant torque is obtained by keeping (v/f) constant, through VVVF. After V

is attained to maximum value, slip frequency is controlled. In this manner desirable
characteristics are obtained.
1.3 ADVANTAGES OF THREE PHASE TRACTION MOTOR
The size of 3 phase traction motor for the same output power is much less
compared to DC motor. Resulting in low power to weight ratio.
Maintenance cost is less due to absence of brush-gear and commutator.
These motors are very robust. Consequently reliability of a 3-phase locomotive is

higher.
Full power is available up to the maximum speed.
Overload capabilities are more liberal.
Regenerative braking is possible in 3 phase locomotives from the full speed till
dead stop. Resulting in energy saving and higher operational efficiency.
A much improved adhesion is available due to superior drop characteristics of

speed Vs torque and motor speed is limited by the synchronous speed.
It operates at near unity power factor throughout the speed range except at very
low speeds.
Due to lesser weight of traction motor, the unsprung masses are low. This reduces
the track forces and consequently minimizes wear on rails and disturbance to track
geometry.

1.4 TECHNICAL DATA
S.No. PARAMETERS WAG9/WAP7 WAP5

1. Make ABB ABB
2. Motor type 6 FRA 6068 6 FXA 7059
3. Insulation Class 200 Class 200
4. Suspension Axle hung. Nose suspended Fully suspended
5. Ventilation Forced air Forced air
6. Weight 2100 kg 2070 kg
7. 1 Hr Rating 1156 HP, 2089 V, 290A, 1563 HP, 2044 V, 396A,
1135 rpm 1485 rpm
8. Cont. Rating 1156 HP (850 kW), 2180V, 1563 HP (1150 kW),
270A, 1283 rpm, 132 Hz 2180V, 370A, 1585 rpm,
160.3 Hz
9. Gear ratio 5.133 (77:15) 3.91 (67:17)
1.5 BEARING DETAILS
Rotor bearings DE side NDE side

Type of bearings NU 2236 NJ 320/ NH 320
Manufacturer SKF/ FAG SKF/ FAG
Inner dia 180 + 0, - 0.025 mm 100 + 0, - 0.020 mm
Outer dia 320 + 0, - 0.040 mm 215 + 0, - 0.030 mm
Radial clearance of free 0.170- 0.220 mm 0.105- 0.140 mm
bearing when new
Radial clearance of 0.110- 0.190 mm 0.060- 0.110 mm
bearing when installed
1.6 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES

pict1.jpg
The traction motor is an

asynchronous 6 pole squirrel cage rotor
motor which operates by a three phase
supply fed by 3 phase converter. It is forced
air cooled through a vent in the non-drive
end housing. The traction motor blower
supplies filtered air to cool the traction
motor. The flexible bellows connect the
traction motor vent and the air outlet of the
blowers on the locomotive under frame.

The rotational force from the traction motor is transmitted to the gear box by a
drive coupling. The opposite end of rotor shaft is enclosed by end plate.
Following are the main parts of traction motor and its support assembly:
1.6.1 Stator
The stator is constructed from a

stack of laminated plates secured together
by wrap-around rings and traction rails
welded to the end plates. The stator winding
is insulated under vacuum conditions with a
solvent free silicon resin using the ABB 200
class Veridur insulating system.
Temperature probes are provided in

the stator stack, which monitor the
temperature of the stator winding during
operation and thus stator windings are
protected from thermal overloads.
1.6.2 End Plates
There are two end plates one at drive end and other at non drive end. The
openings for air inlet and outlet are integrated in the end plates. The plug in cartridge
for the rotary speed transmitter is fitted on the non drive end plate.
1.6.3 Rotor
It is a squirrel cage rotor consists of

one winding which is designed with rotor bars
whose ends are short circuited by means of
end rings. The rotor plates are laminated and
fitted directly on to the shaft.

1.6.4 Rotor Bearings
The rotor is supported and guided at both ends on two grease lubricated
cylindrical roller bearings. Radial non contacting seals are provided to protect the
bearings from the loss of grease and penetration of dirt.
1.6.5 Speed Sensors
1.6.6 Temperature Sensors
1.6.7 Pinion

CHAPTER 2
MAINTENANCE OF TRACTION MOTOR
Periodical maintenance is essential to ensure safety, reliability and continuous

operation of traction motors over long time periods.
Following maintenance schedules shall be followed for traction motors type 6FRA
6068 & 6FXA 7059 as per RDSO letter no. EL/ 3.1.35/ 16 dtd. 30.03.2007.
Schedule Freight locomotives WAG9 Pass./ Mail/ Exp. Locomotives

WAP5/ WAP7
TI Every 45 days 3000 kms. or one trip whichever is

latter
IA 90 days 90 days
IB 180 days 180 days
IC 270 days 270 days
AOH After 18 months After 18 months
Work to be carried under each maintenance schedule is given below:
2.1 TI SCHEDULE
Examine all traction motors for signs of damage caused by ballast. Check air
outlets are not obstructed in any way.
Check traction power cables, speed sensor and temperature sensor cables are not
chafed or damaged in any way.
Check the condition of bearing by seeing the grease, which comes out from grease
inlet. Check the condition of grease too.
Check the condition of spheriblocks. Replace if required.
Measure inductance at TM power cable terminals of SR-1 and SR-2.
Check end shield bolts tightness.
Visually check TM support plate lugs for any damage/ crack.
Attend logbook/ PPIO bookings if any.
2.2 IA / IB SCHEDULE
In addition to TI Schedule carry out the following activities:

Open TM junction box at body side and check the tightness of connections.
Check the intactness of junction box cover and bolts.

Check the condition of bellows and replace if required.

Check grease nipple on DE & NDE sides.
Check for oil falling on traction motor from under frame.
Check for proper tightness of cable with Din Rail for cable connection and tie up
with cotton tape for additional protection.
Check rubber grommets of power cables, earthing connection with traction motor
body and earthing screw.
Check and tighten NDE cover bolts.
Measure resistance of speed sensor at SR electronics.
2.3 IC SCHEDULE
In addition to IA/IB Schedule carry out the following activities:
Before greasing, open NDE speed sensor cover. Take grease sample for checking
ferrous content.
Check the condition of speed pulse generator unit on traction motor (NDE) for
any grease ingress.
Lubricate TM bearing with specified grease ( Kluber Isoflex Topaz L 152 ) DE-
50 storke ( 150 gms), NDE- 25 storkes ( 75 gms )
Check the suspension tube bearing grease (NDE) and do the greasing.
Open TM junction box at TM side and check the tightness of connection and
water ingress.
Check the condition of DE side stator winding for any abnormality from DE side
net.
2.4 AOH SCHEDULE
In addition to IC Schedule carry out the following activities:
Measure the resistance of traction motor temperature sensor, speed sensor,

winding inductance and IR value.
Check the condition of bearing grease sample.
Check base tangent of pinion and conduct UST.
Change DE side O ring.
Check tightness of PGR and NDE lock bolts.
Check and ensure temperature sensor modification as per RDSO/MS/350 or latest.
Check tapping of traction motor bellow plate holes.
Check terminal connection of traction motor by opening terminal box.
Check traction motor temperature sensor and speed sensor wiring crimping.
Replace the gasket of temperature sensor.

CHAPTER 3
OVERHAULING
Overhauling of traction motor shall be carried out during every IOH/ POH.
Periodicity for Overhauling
Schedule Freight locomotives Pass./ Mail/ Exp. Locomotives

WAG9 WAP5/ WAP7
IOH 6 Years 6 months or 12 4.5 Years 6 months or 12 lakhs
lakhs kms whichever is kms whichever is earlier
earlier
POH 12 Years 6 months or 24 9 Years 6 months or 24 lakhs kms
lakhs kms whichever is whichever is earlier
earlier
Details of work shall be carried out during overhauling is as under:
3.1 REMOVAL OF TRACTION MOTOR
Remove the bogie from the locomotive.

Disconnect the motor bellows and cabling from the locomotive as described
below:
3.1.1 Removal of Traction Motor Bellows
Each traction motor has two bellows (1)

pict2.jpg
connected on combined mounting flanges

(4, 8).
Remove the bolts and washers (2, 3) securing

the lower bellows mounting frame (4) to the
traction motor ventilation inlet duct (5).
Remove the bolts and washers (6, 7) securing

the upper bellows mounting frame (8) to the
locomotive under frame then remove the
bellows assembly from beneath the
locomotive.
Place and secure a dummy plate over the cooling air inlets on the traction motor
to avoid foreign particles and debris entering the traction motor and causing
damage to the motor internals.

3.1.2 Removal of Traction Motor Cabling
Remove the bolts (1) then remove the pict3.jpg
junction box cover (2) from the junction

box (3).
Remove the bolt (4) securing the earth
lead (5) tang to the under frame.
Remove the outer half of the earth lead
retaining clamp (6) and earth cable (5)
from the clamp (6).
Replace outer half of clamp (6).
Remove access cover (7) from beneath
cable clamp (8) for the signal cables (9).
Disconnect the three UIC plugs from the
sockets.
Remove the signal cable (9) from the
clamp (8).
Unbolt the three power cable (11) tangs
from the under frame junction box at the
bolts
(10).
Remove the bolts securing the power
cables retaining plate (12) to the junction
box (3), and withdraw the cables (11).
Secure all cabling to prevent entanglement or fouling during future operations.
pict4.jpg
3.1.3 Removal of Traction Motor
Attach suitable lifting equipment to

the lifting eyes on the traction motor.
Raise the equipment slightly to
support the weight.
Remove the bolts (2) and nuts (1)

securing the traction motor damper (3)
between the motor and bogie frame.
Disconnect the drive coupling between

the motor and gear box.

pict5.jpg
Remove bolts (1), nuts (6), washers (5)

and locking plates (2) securing the
traction motor support arm spheriblock
(3) to the bogie frame mounting tugs (4).
Carefully remove the compensating

plates (7) from between the mounting
lug (4) and spheriblock (3) cross-pin.
pict6.jpg
Remove the bolts (1), washers (4) and

nuts (5) securing the traction motor
spheriblocks (2) to the centre transom
mounting lugs (3).
Raise the traction motor slightly and

ensure nothing is entangled.
Lift the traction motor from the bogie

frame and position on a suitable stand.
3.1.4 Removal of Rotary Speed Transmitter Cartridge
pict7.jpg
Remove screws (5), washers (3) and spring

washers (4) securing the speed transmitter
cartridge (2) to the non drive end bearing
cover (1).
Remove the speed transmitter cartridge (2).

3.1.5 Removal of Non-Drive End Bearing Cover
Remove screws (5) and spring washers (6) securing the non-drive end bearing
cover (4) to the traction motor (7).
Remove the bearing cover (4). Pay attention to the pulse transmitter ring (3).
Remove screws (2) securing the pulse transmitter ring (3) to the support (1).
Remove the pulse transmitter ring (3).
1 2 3 4 5
Remove the screws (2) and spring washers (1) securing the pulse transmitter ring
support (3).
Remove the pulse transmitter ring support (3).
Remove the screws (6) and spring washers (5) securing the thrust collar (4).
Remove the thrust collar (4).
pict10.jpg
3.1.6 Removal of Support Arm
Take the weight of the arm (3) using

suitable lifting equipment.
Remove the four bolts (2) and washers

(1) securing the support arm (3) to the
traction motor (4).
Separate the arm (3) from the traction

motor (4).

3.1.7 Removal of Spheriblock
Mark the location of the Spheriblock (2).

Position the support arm (3) in a suitable pict11.jpg
press (1, 4).

Support the eye around the Spheriblock
(2) using a suitable steel tube (4). Ensure
the tube (4) will not interfere with the
Spheriblock (2) during removal.
Position a suitable mandrel (1), slightly
smaller than the outer diameter of the
collar, over the Spheriblock (2).
Check that the mandrel (1) is square with
the yoke on the press and contacts around
the entire perimeter of the Spheriblock
collar.
Press the Spheriblock (2) out.
3.2 PRE INSPECTION
Inspect the condition of the traction motor mounting points on the bogie frame.
Inspect the condition of all cables. Ensure all cables and cable insulation is in
good condition and free from wear, cracks or other damage. If necessary, replace
any damaged or suspect cabling.
Ensure all cable tangs, plugs and sockets are in good condition and free from
oxidation, wear, cracks or other damage.
pict0.jpg
Inspect the condition of the traction motor.

Visually inspect the support arm for cracks or damage. Pay particular attention to
the eye and traction motor mounting flange.
Measure the inside diameter of the eye bore (x). If greater than the specified,
replace the support arm.
Remove any burrs from the eye or mounting flange using a suitable honing stone.
Test the support arm for damage using a non-destructive method and replace if
required.
3.3 INCOMING TESTING
Bring motor to the testing place.

Check the insulation resistance between each phase and earth with 2.5 kV megger.
It should be min. 2.18 M Ohms.
Carry out continuity test between phase to phase with 500V megger
Phase U &V
Phase V & W
Phase U &W
Run the motor at 100 V 3 phase AC 50 Hz for 5 minutes and measure the current
in each phase.
Carry out run test of the motor by raising voltage gradually to 400 V AC for 2 Hrs.
then measure & record the following:
a. Current in each phase
b. Bearing noise (DE & NDE side)
c. Vibration
d. Check the bearing temperature on both end shields and record temperature
rise.
e. Record speed of the motor with the help of tachometer.
3.4 DISASSEMBLY OF PINION
Check the distance between shaft face and pinion teeth back face (Advancement).
Clean pinion inside hole by Kerosene oil.
Provide a wooden lever across the pinion teeth and secure the lever against
turning.
Connect the SKF pressure pump and fit the special plug into the pinion.
Screw the special screw M24 into the shaft by using the pressure bearing. A
clearance of approx. 0.5 mm is required between pressure bearing and pinion face.
Increase the pressure of the pressure pump up to 130 MPa and maintain it for 15
minutes.
Increase the pressure further to 150 MPa and maintain it for 15 minutes.

Increase the pressure further to 180 MPa and wait until a ring of oil is visible at the
pinion shaft end towards the teeth. Now the pinion is free.
This pressure can be increased up to 200 MPa, if necessary.
Increase the pressure steadily and loosing the screw M24 at same time, until the
pressure collapsed and the pinion is totally released.
Disconnect the special plug and remove the wooden lever.
Remove the pinion.
3.5 DISASSEMBLY OF TRACTION MOTOR
Remove speed probe & its housing.

Remove bearing deflector (outer labyrinth) from the shaft with the help of press
out tool.
Fit the dummy pinion.
Remove speed sensor ring, locking plate and thrust collar.
Keep motor vertical (equal level) on wooden block (pinion top side).
Unscrew M 20 x 55 screws (8 nos.) and remove drive end cover.
Fit the coupler on dummy pinion and lift the rotor carefully and place on the
wooden block.
Keep motor horizontal and remove NDE cover by unscrewing M 20 x 55 screws
(08 nos).
Remove temp sensor.
Open terminal box cover and open cable connections.
Preserve the coupler of speed and temp sensor.
3.5.1 Checks after Dismantling of Motor
Check the insulation resistance between phase and earth with 2.5 kV megger. It
should be min. 2.18 M Ohms.
Check visually the stator body, core and windings for any damage and flashing.
Check the tightness of each phase cable connection in terminal box.
3.6 OVERHAULING OF STATOR
3.6.1 Dry Cleaning of Stator

Clean the stator frame by wire brush and scraper.
Clean the stator from in side by nylon brush.
Clean difficult portion of stator by wedges of fiber glass.
Blow the stator thoroughly with dry compressed air to remove dust/ dirt.

Heat the stator in oven at 120C for 2 Hrs. and remove loose dust by vacuum
cleaner.
Check the insulation resistance between phase and earth with 2.5kV megger after
dry cleaning of stator. It should be min. 6.36 M ohm for 6FRA 6068 & 3.18 M
ohm for 6FXA 7059.
3.6.2 Solvent Cleaning of Stator
Spray liquid Xylol on stator inside out side, coil, core and terminal box etc. and
allow it to act for 5 to 10 minutes.
Again spray liquid Xylol.
Clean inside by nylon brush and outside by wire brush.
Blow the stator thoroughly with dry compressed air from inside and out side.
Repeat the cleaning process, if required.
Wipe the stator by calico cloth inside and out side.
3.6.3 Checking & Repairing of Stator

Check visually the winding for any damage after cleaning.
Check the winding resistance between phases with Wheatstone bridge or
multimeter at room temperature.
a. Phase U and V
b. Phase V and V
c. Phase U and W
If any repairing is done on stator coils, measure the diameter at core portion.
Check broken bolt in stator body and act accordingly.
Visually check for any crack on lug housing, lifting hook etc..
Bake the stator in oven at 120 deg C for 24 hrs.
Check the winding resistance between phases with Wheatstone bridge or
multimeter at 120 deg C.
a. Phase U and V
b. Phase V and W
c. Phase U and W
Cool the stator at room temperature.
After baking of stator, do varnishing with SI 620 resin varnish and allow drying in
air for minimum 12 hrs at room temperature.
Check the insulation resistance between phase & earth after baking and varnishing
with 2.5 kV megger. It should be min 63.6 M ohm for 6FRA 6068 & 31.8 M ohm
for 6FXA 7059.

Clean and check the following for any damage:

a. Pulse generator ring
b. Pulse pick up unit and speed sensors
c. Couplers of speed and temperature sensors
d. Cables of speed and temperature sensors
Check the resistances of speed and temperature sensors at room temperature
a. Speed sensor 93.2A between terminals A & B, terminals C & D
b. Speed sensor 93.2B between terminals A & B terminals C & D
c. Temperature sensor 98A between terminals A & B terminals C & D
Check and clean terminal box cover cleat & clip hardware.
Check the terminal box connection lead & support visually. If any crack is there,
replace the lead support.
Clean all hardware by K oil.
3.7 OVERHAULING OF ROTOR
3.7.1 Dry Cleaning of Rotor
Remove the old grease from racers on both ends.

Clean the out side case portion cavities, shrink ring and in side hole cage by nylon
brush.
Blow the rotor thoroughly with dry compressed air to remove dust/ dirt.
3.7.2 Solvent Cleaning of Rotor
Spray the liquid Xylol by air or by brush to out side rotor cage and in side hole etc.
Allow it to act for 5 to 10 minutes.
Clean racers by petrol.
Rub the nylon brush on cavities & holes. Blow the rotor thoroughly with dry
compressed air to remove dust/ dirt from core & holes.
Repeat the cleaning process, if required.
Wipe the rotor & racer by calico cloth.
3.7.3 Checking & Repairing of Rotor
Check the condition of rotor bars

Check the condition of rotor stamping for any deformation, crack, looseness,
overheating mark etc.
Perform ultrasonic testing of rotor shaft.
Perform Grawler testing of rotor to detect crack in rotor bars.

Check the diameter of rotor, if repaired.

Bake the rotor in oven at 120 deg C for 24 hrs.
Allow to cool the rotor at room temperature.
After baking of rotor, do varnishing with SI 620 resin varnish and allow drying in
air for minimum 12 hrs at room temperature.
Remove the both side inner racers.
Check the shaft diameter on racer seat both side & record it.
Perform dynamic balancing the rotor.
Fit the new set of inner racer by Induction heater & allow to cool at room
temperature.
Cover the rotor by suitable means.
3.8 OVERHAULING OF END COVERS & BEARINGS
3.8.1 Cleaning
Remove the bearing caps.

Remove grease by hand.
Rub the wire brush on covers to remove dirt/ dust.
Clean by dry compressed air.
Apply petrol on the covers and bearings and clean after 10 minutes by dry
compressed air.
Wipe covers and bearings by clean cloth.
Clean all part like labyrinth & hardware by K oil.
3.8.2 Checking & Repairing
Check diameter of inner/ outer labyrinth.

Remove the bearings.
Check cover visually for any damage.
Weld the air net on DE end cover.
Repair mechanically as per requirement.
Check end shield bearing housing diameter & record it.
Heat up the both end covers in oven for 2 hrs. at 150C.
Fit inner labyrinth in both end covers with matching slot of labyrinth with grease
hole.
Fit the new bearing set on cover housing.
Cool the cover by fan at room temperature.
Paint the covers and protect them by suitable means.

3.9 ASSEMBLY OF TRACTION MOTOR
Put stator on wooden block.

Apply RTV compound on stator body at NDE side surface.
Fit NDE side cover on stator. Apply ANR-124 compound on M 20 x 55 (08 nos.)
screws and tighten them with specified torque.
Fill up the specified quantity of approved grease in NDE bearing & DE bearings.
Keep the stator in vertical position (NDE side bottom) on wooden base.
Fit dummy pinion on rotor.
Fit coupler on rotor. Lift rotor by crane and put it into stator slowly by taking care
of its centre.
After full lowering of rotor in NDE racer.
Revolve the rotor in stator
Apply RTV on stator at DE side.
Lift DE cover & place on TM keeping grease nipple bottom side.
Fit DE side cover on stator. Apply ANR-124 compound on M 20 x 55 (08 nos.)
screws and tighten them with specified torque.
Keep TM horizontal on wooden block.
Remove coupler & dummy pinion.
Check bearing clearances at both NDE & DE side.
Fit locking plate by M16 screw ( 3 nos) at NDE side.
Fit speed indicator ring on locking plate.
Fit speed probe housing cover by M 8 x 12 screws.
Fit speed sensor on housing cover.
Fit speed & temperature sensor cables in cleat and provide protection pipe.
Fit the cables after providing protection sheet.
3.10 ASSEMBLY OF PINION

Clean the conical shaft of the pinion and bore hole of the rotor shaft carefully.
Insert the conical shaft of the pinion into the bore hole of the rotor shaft. Measure
the distance a between the shaft and the end of the pinion.
Apply glycerine on pinion shaft and inside bore hole of the rotor shaft.
Insert the pinion shaft carefully into the bore hole of the rotor shaft by applying
slight pressure.
Position the pressure bearing.
Locate and secure special screw into the rotor shaft.
Fit the special plug for SKF pressure pump into the pinion shaft.

Secure the wooden lever against the pinion turning clockwise.

Tighten the special screw with preload.
Increase the pressure of the pressure pump up to approximate 170- 190 MPa.
Ensure that under no circumstances this pressure exceeds 200 MPa. At the same
time tighten the special screw steadily until the pinion has come to its final
position. Thereby a maximum torque of 600 Nm should be applied.
Decrease the pump pressure and disconnect the special plug.
3.11 RUN TEST

Connect 3phase, 440V 50 Hz AC supply to the traction motor.
Start the plant and increase the voltage
gradually 0 100V for 5 minutes & measure the
following:
i. Bearing noise at DE & NDE.
ii. Current in every phase by Tong tester.
Increase the voltage gradually up to 400 volts &
run the motor for 2 hrs.
Measure and record the following:
i. Current in each phase
ii. Bearing noise at DE & NDE.
iii. Vibration
iv. Temperature rise at DE & NDE.
v. Speed in RPM.
Ensure tightness of all bolts and screws with proper torque value as per torque
table given below:
M6 - 9.5 Nm
M8 - 23 Nm
M10 - 46 Nm
M12 - 80 Nm
M14 - 125 Nm
M16 - 195 Nm
M18 - 270 Nm
M20 - 380 Nm
Paint the traction motor with recommended quality of paint.

3.12 INSTALLATION
3.12.1 Assembly of Spheriblock on Support Arm

Provide the new spheriblock on pict18.jpg
support arm.
Apply a thin film of machine oil to
the spheriblock collar.
Position the support arm (3) in a
suitable press (1 , 4).
Support the eye using a suitable steel
tube (4). Ensure the tube (4) will not
interfere with the spheriblock (2)
during installation.
Position a suitable mandrel (1),
slightly smaller than the outer
diameter of the collar, over the spheriblock (2). Check that the mandrel (1) is
square with the yoke on the press and contacts around the entire perimeter of the
spheriblock collar.
Ensure the spheriblock (2) is square with the eye before pressing.
Press the spheri-block (2) into the eye until the face is flush.
3.12.2 Mounting of Support Arm on Traction Motor

pict16.jpg
Position the support arm (3) onto the

traction motor (4) using suitable lifting
equipment.
Align the holes in the support arm (3)

and traction motor (4), then install the
four bolts (2) with washers (1) through
the arm (3) into the traction motor (4).
Tighten the bolts (2).
pict17.jpg
Match mark the bolts (2) and washers (1)

to the support arm (3) using a felt tipped
pen. This will aid in identifying if the
bolts (2) are becoming loose in service.

3.12.3 Assembly of Spheriblocks on Traction Motor
Provide the new Spheriblock on pict19.jpg
traction motor mounts.

Apply a thin film of machine oil,
or other suitable lubricant, to the
Spheriblock collar.
The Spheriblocks are to be
pressed into place from the
inside of the mounts, as
indicated by the arrows.
Position the Spheriblocks in
place between the mounts (3).
Position a suitable press or jack
between the mounting lugs (3)
on the traction motor (1).
Ensure the Spheri-block (2) is square with the eye before pressing.
With a suitable mandrel positioned on the Spheri-block (2), press the Spheriblock
(2) into the eye on the traction motor mounts (3) until the face is flush.
3.12.4 Installation of Traction Motor on Bogie
Raise the traction motor into position above the bogie.

Ensure that nothing will become entangled during installation and then lower the
traction motor into position. Ensure the cross-pins do not catch on the mounting
lugs.
Install an even amount of pict20.jpg
compensating plates (1)

on each side of the
support arm cross pin (2).
Ensure there is no free

movement between the
cross-pin (2) and
mounting lug (3). The
edge of the compensating
plates (1) must be flush
with the end of the cross
pin (2).

Align holes in the Spheriblock pict21.jpg
cross-pin (3) with those in the

bogie frame (4).
Install the bolts (1) and locking

plate (2) through the cross-pin (3)
and mounting lug (4). The end of
the locking plate (2) is used to
retain the compensating plates.
Install the washers (5) and lock

nuts (6) and tighten finger tight.
Align the holes in the traction motor pict22.jpg
spheriblock cross-pins and the

mounting lugs (3) on the bogie
frame.
Install the bolts (1) through the
cross-pins and mounting lugs (3).
Install the washers (4) and lock nuts
(5) then tighten the nuts (5) finger
tight.
Check the alignment of the traction
motor and gear box. The
Spheriblock must be centralised in
the lugs and clear the bump stops by
at least 17mm.
Tighten the nuts on the support arm
and centre transom mounting cross-
pin.
Connect the drive coupling between the motor and gear box.
Lower the traction motor so that all the weight of the traction motor is supported
by the bogie frame.
pict23.jpg
Connect the traction motor damper

(3) between the motor and bogie
frame with bolts (2) and nuts (1).

3.12.5 Traction Motor Cabling

pict24.jpg
Insert the power cables (11)

through the aperture in the
junction box (3), and then secure
the cable retaining plate (12) to
the junction box (3)
Attach the three power cable

(11) tangs to the under frame
junction box at the bolts (10).
Install the junction box cover

(2), then install the bolts (1) and
tighten.
Remove the outer half of the

earth lead retaining clamp (6).
Install the bolt (4) through the

earth lead (5) tang and secure
the tang to the under frame.
Position the earth cable (5) in

the clamp (6).
Replace outer half of clamp (6)

after cable (5) has been installed.
Connect the three UIC plugs to the sockets, and then secure the signal cables (9)
in the clamp (8).
Install the access cover (7) beneath cable clamp (8) for the signal cables (9).
3.12.6 Installation of Traction Motor Bellows

pict25.jpg
Remove all dummy plates from the

apertures on the traction motor.
Install new bellows to the

underside of the locomotive by
means of bolts and washers (6, 7)
to secure the upper bellows
mounting frame (8) to the
locomotive under frame.

Install the bolts and washers (2, 3)
to secure the lower bellows
mounting frame (4) to the traction
motor ventilation inlet duct (5).

3.13 INSPECTION AND TESTING PROFORMA FOR OVERHAULING OF

THREE PHASE TRACTION MOTOR 6 FXA 7059/ 6 FRA 6068
1. SECTION :
2. TYPE AND MAKE :
3. SR. No. OF TM & ROTOR :
4. LOCO NO. :
5. DATE OF O/H :
Sr. ACTIVITY STANDARD ACTUAL

No
Frame No.
Rotor No.
Hurth Coupling No.
Pinion No.
1.0 Incoming Test
1.1 Check the insulation resistance between phase and 2.18 M Ohm
earth with 2.5 kV megger as per formula min
Rins Un in M Ohms. Where,
Un=Rated voltage in kV (Reference manual F5)
1.2 Continuity test between phase to phase with 500V OK
megger
a. Phase U &V
b. Phase V & W
c. Phase U &W
1.3 Run the motor by raising voltage gradually to 400
V AC for 2 Hrs. then measure & record the
following
a. Current in phase U
b. Current in phase V
c. Current in phase W
d. Bearing noise
DE side 20 dB max
NDE side 20 dB max
e. Vibration No vibration
f. Record the room temperature
g. Check & record the bearing temperature on
End Shield.
DE side
NDE side
h. Temperature rise
i. Speed in rpm
j. Check the distance between shaft face and 0.5 to 1.5 mm
pinion teeth back face (Advancement)


No
2.0 After dismantling of motor
2.1 Check the insulation resistance between phase and 2.18 M Ohm
earth with 2.5 kV megger as per formula min
Rins Un in M Ohms. Where,
Un=Rated voltage in kV (Reference manual F5).
2.2 Check visually the stator body, core and windings No damage
for any damage and flashing. No flash mark
2.3 Check the tightness of each phase cable connection

in terminal box.
2.4 Check the insulation resistance between phase and 6.36 M Ohm.
earth with 2.5kV megger after Dry cleaning of min for 6FRA
stator as per formula Rins C (Un+1) in M Ohms. 6068 &
Where, 3.18 M Ohm.
C=1 for 6 FXA 7059 & C = 2 for 6FRA 6068. min for 6
Un=Rated voltage in kV (Reference manual F5). FXA 7059
2.5 Wash with recommended solvents or with hot

water and recommended detergents.
2.6 Check visually the winding for any damage after No damage
cleaning.
2.7 Check the winding resistance between phases with
Wheatstone bridge or multimeter at room
temperature.
a. Phase U and V
Record
b. Phase V and V
Record
c. Phase U and W
Record
2.8 Measure the diameter at core portion 380 mm for
(If any repairing is done for coils of stator) 6FRA 6068
510 mm for
6FXA 7059
2.9 Bake the stator in oven at 120 deg C for 24 hrs. Done
Check the winding resistance between phases with
Wheatstone bridge or multimeter at 120 deg C.
a. Phase U and V Record
b. Phase V and W Record
c. Phase U and W Record


No
2.10 After baking of stator, do varnishing with SI 620 Done
resin varnish and allow drying in air for minimum
12 hrs at room temperature.
2.11 Check the insulation resistance between phase & 63.6 M Ohm.
earth after baking and varnishing with 2.5 kV min for 6FRA
megger as per formula 6068 &
Rins X (Un+1) in M Ohms. Where, 31.8 M Ohm
X=10 for 6 FXA 7059 & C = 20 for 6FRA 6068. min for 6FXA
7059
Un=Rated voltage in kV (Reference manual F5).
2.12 Check the following for any damage:
a. Pulse generator ring No damage
b. Pulse pick up unit and speed sensors No damage
c. Couplers of speed and temperature sensors No damage
d. Cables of speed and temperature sensors No damage
2.13 Check the resistances of speed and temperature
sensors at room temperature
a. Speed sensor 93.2A between
Terminals AB Record
Terminals CD
b. Speed sensor 93.2B between
Terminals AB Record
Terminals CD
c. Temperature sensor 98A between
Terminals AB
Record
Terminals CD
2.14 Spheriblock details
a. Condition of spheriblock i. DE
ii. NDE
b. Spheriblock housing Dia. i. DE
ii. NDE
c. Spheriblock outer Dia. i. DE
ii. NDE
3.0 Rotor
3.1 Clean the Rotor Cleaned.
3.2 a. Check the condition of rotor bars No damage
b. Check the condition of inner racers of DE and No pitting
NDE side for any pitting marks marks.
c. Check the condition of rotor stamping for any No deformation
deformation, crack, looseness, overheating crack/looseness
mark etc. over heating


No
3.3 Ultrasonic testing of Rotor shaft No crack
3.4 Perform Grawler testing of rotor to detect No crack
crackness of rotor bars
3.5 Bake the rotor in oven at 120 deg C for 24 hrs. Done.
3.6 After baking of rotor, do varnishing with SI Done.
620 resin varnish and allow drying in air for
minimum 12 hrs at room temperature.
3.7 Measure the diameter of rotor (if repaired). Record
3.8 Shaft diameter of bearing seat
i. DE side
ii. NDE side
3.9 Dynamic balancing of rotor Done
3.10 New Bearing details
Make and number
i. DE side
ii. NDE side
3.12 Diameter of end shield bearing housing
i. DE side
ii. NDE side
3.13 Diametric clearances of bearing
a. Before fitting
i. DE side 0.11 - 0.19 mm
ii. NDE side 0.11 - 0.19 mm
b. After fitting
i. DE side 0.06 - 0.11 mm
ii. NDE side 0.06 - 0.11 mm
3.14 Axial clearance of bearing after assembly. 0.18 mm to

0.3 mm
3.15 Replace traction motor end plate O ring and
terminal box gasket.
4.0 Pinion
4.1 No. of pinion teeth
4.2 Sr .No. of pinion


No
5.0 Hurth coupling
5.1 Check the condition of hurth coupling for Good
pitting and chipping No pitting &
chipping
mark
5.2 Check the advancement of hurth coupling 9.4 to 11.6mm
5.3 Check the distance between shaft face & 0.5 to 1.5
Hurth coupling face.
5.4 Replace the membrane Must change.
6.0 Testing of traction motor
6.1 Run the motor by gradually raising voltage to
400 V AC for 2 Hrs. then measure & record
the following
a. Current in phase U
b. Current in phase V
c. Current in phase W
d. Bearing noise
DE side 20 dB max.
NDE side 20 dB max.
e. Vibration No vibration
f. Record the room temperature
g. Check & record the bearing temperature on
End shield
DE side
NDE side
h. Speed in rpm
6.2 Ensure tightness of all bolts and screws with
proper torque value as per torque table in
manual F5 (For property class 8.8 steel
screws/bolts)
M6 - 9.5 Nm
M8 - 23 Nm
M10 - 46 Nm
M12 - 80 Nm
M14 - 125 Nm
M16 - 195 Nm
M18 - 270 Nm
M20 - 380 Nm

3.14 CLEANING AGENTS
Only cleaning agents free from Halogens may be used to clean the traction
motors. To prevent deterioration of silicone rubber components in the traction motor,
the hydrocarbon content of any cleaning solvents must not exceed 30%.
3.14.1 Permissible Solvents

Solvents suitable for use on traction motors include white spirits, turpentine
and Xylol. The products listed below, along with their manufacturer, are also
admissible solvents.
Impag, Zurich - Turpentine substitute

Hauser Wdenswil - Turpentine substitute
F. Steinfels AG, Zurich - Air Ro 17-05
Shell - Crystal oil 30
Shell - Aromat 45*
Esso - Varsol
BP - White spirit*
Mobil Oil - White spirit
Chevron - White spirit*
Valvoline - White spirit
Castrol - White spirit
* Not to be used for cleaning silicone rubber coverings
3.14.2 Permissible Cleaning Agents

The following products may be used for washing and rinsing when cleaning
the traction motor. W indicates washing, R indicates rinsing
Manufacturer Trade name Proportions
W: P3-KF special
6.5 kg/m3 water
R: P3-t225
7.5 kg/ m3 water
Henkel & Co. AG CH-4133 Pratte)n W: P3-Saxin
25 kg/ m3 water
R: P3-VR-740-N-
5 kg/ m3 water
20
Fa.Cetema
ljsselstraat 41
Cetemal 10 kg/ m3 water
NL-Oss
Postbus 19

3.15 ADMISSIBLE LUBRICATING GREASES
The following greases are recommended for the roller bearings in traction
motors. Suitable greases of the lithium and mineral oil type are listed below. Only one
brand of grease should be used to lubricate the traction motor bearings.
Esso Beacon EP2
SKFLGMT2
SKFLGEP2
Mobilgrease 22
Mobilux EP2
Optimol Longtime PD2
Exxon Ronex MP
Exxon Unirex EP2
Exxon Unirex N2
Exxon Lidok EP2
BP Energrease LS-EP2
Shell Calithia EPT2
Suitable greases of the synthetic basic oil type are listed below. Different
brands and types of synthetic greases must not be mixed.
KlUber lsoflex Topas Li 52
KiUber lsoflex Topas NCA52
Synthetic and lithium/ mineral oil based greases must not be mixed.
3.16 SPECIAL TOOLS FOR TRACTION MOTOR
1. Tool for WAG9/ WAP7 pinion mounting & extraction with high pressure (2500
bar) pump and jack.
2. Induction Heater (40kVA) for different sizes of bearing racers & labyrinth rings
for traction motor (cylindrical roller bearing NU2236E/ C4, NJ320, HJ320 &
NU224, NJ219, HJ219).
3. Pinion push-pull rod.
4. Ring Gauge
5. Shaft Gauge (plug gauge)
6. L nozzle set
7. Nozzle
8. Filler Gauge (0.5 mm to 10 mm)
9. Disc Micrometer (75 mm to 100 mm)
10. Lifting Chain (04 hooks)

3.17 LIST OF MUST CHANGE ITEMS

(As per RDSO letter No. EL/3.1.35/ 16 dt 30.03.2007)
3.17.1 Spheriblock
SN DESCRIPTION IOH POH
1. The Spheriblocks of the axle guide rod, gear case support

arm, TM & TM support arm (WAP5).
2. The Spheriblocks of the axle guide rod and TM support

arm (WAP7/ WAG9).
3. Spheriblocks of all types of dampers. X
3.17.2 Traction Motor
SN DESCRIPTION IOH POH
1. Traction motor bearing (DE + NDE) along with

Outer/inner labyrinth pins and accessories.
2. Suspension tube bearing. X
3. Bull gear (WAG9/WAG9H/WAP7) X
4. TM pinion (WAG9/ WAG9H)
5. TM pinion (WAP7).
6. End plate O Rings & the gaskets on the terminal box of

traction motor.
7. TM bellows.
8. Gasket of temperature sensor cover.
9. The helical inserts of Junction box of TM. X

REFERENCES
1. ABB Operating Instructions and Maintenance Manual of 3 Phase Traction

Motor type 6 FRA 6068.
2. Report issued by RDSO vide letter No. EL/ 3.1.35/ 16 dt 30.03.2007 on

Maintenance Schedule for 3 phase Electric Locomotive.
3. IRIEEN Journal Vol.13 No. 3 July Sept. 2003
4. Field study and Literature collected from various electric loco sheds/
workshops.
5. Presentations given by participants from various Railways during seminar

conducted on 10-11 Sep 2009 at IRCAMTECH/ Gwalior.

OUR OBJECTIVE
To upgrade maintenance technologies and

methodologies and achieve improvement in
productivity, performance of all Railway
assets and manpower which inter-alia would
cover reliability, availability, utilisation and
efficiency.
If you have any suggestions and any specific Comments

please write to us.
Contact person : Director (Elect.)
Postal Address : Indian railways

Centre for Advanced
Maintenance technology,
Maharajpur, Gwalior.
Pin code 474 005
Phone : 0751 2470740

0751 2470803
Fax : 0751 - 2470841

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To develop safe, modern and cost

CAMTECH, Gwalior S.C. Singhal

CAMTECH, Gwalior Jaideep Gupta

Chapter No. Description Page No.

2. MAINTENANCE OF TRACTION MOTOR 06

CORRECTION SLIPS ISSUED

Sr. No. Date of issue Page no. and Item Remarks

The basic system comprises of an input converter, a DC link and a drive

The drive converters converts DC voltage (from DC link) to 3 phase

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

possible to force a reverse power flow in case of regenerative braking. A reverser in

1.2 PRINCIPLE OF VARIABLE VOLTAGE VARIABLE FREQUENCY (VVVF)

Torque of an Induction motor is

Constant torque is obtained by keeping (v/f) constant, through VVVF. After V

1.3 ADVANTAGES OF THREE PHASE TRACTION MOTOR

Maintenance cost is less due to absence of brush-gear and commutator.

These motors are very robust. Consequently reliability of a 3-phase locomotive is

Full power is available up to the maximum speed.

Overload capabilities are more liberal.

A much improved adhesion is available due to superior drop characteristics of

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

1.4 TECHNICAL DATA

S.No. PARAMETERS WAG9/WAP7 WAP5

1.5 BEARING DETAILS

Rotor bearings DE side NDE side

1.6 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES

The traction motor is an

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

The stator is constructed from a

Temperature probes are provided in

1.6.2 End Plates

It is a squirrel cage rotor consists of

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

1.6.4 Rotor Bearings

1.6.5 Speed Sensors

1.6.6 Temperature Sensors

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

MAINTENANCE OF TRACTION MOTOR

Periodical maintenance is essential to ensure safety, reliability and continuous

Schedule Freight locomotives WAG9 Pass./ Mail/ Exp. Locomotives

TI Every 45 days 3000 kms. or one trip whichever is

IB 180 days 180 days

IC 270 days 270 days

AOH After 18 months After 18 months

Work to be carried under each maintenance schedule is given below:

In addition to TI Schedule carry out the following activities:

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

Check the condition of bellows and replace if required.

In addition to IA/IB Schedule carry out the following activities:

2.4 AOH SCHEDULE

In addition to IC Schedule carry out the following activities:

Measure the resistance of traction motor temperature sensor, speed sensor,

Maintenance Handbook on 3 Phase Traction Motor of AC Electric Locomotives March 2010

Periodicity for Overhauling

Schedule Freight locomotives Pass./ Mail/ Exp. Locomotives