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    ABO Blood Group System PDF

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    Perry Sin
    The document discusses the ABO blood group system and the antigens found on red blood cells. It explains that the ABO blood group is determined by the presence of A and/or B antigens on red blood cells. There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by whether the red blood cells contain A antigens and/or B antigens. The summary describes the key characteristics of each blood group in terms of which other blood groups they can receive blood from and donate blood to.

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    ABO Blood Group System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Perry Sin
    4K views3 pages
    The document discusses the ABO blood group system and the antigens found on red blood cells. It explains that the ABO blood group is determined by the presence of A and/or B antigens on red blood cells. There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by whether the red blood cells contain A antigens and/or B antigens. The summary describes the key characteristics of each blood group in terms of which other blood groups they can receive blood from and donate blood to.

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    ABO Blood Group System.pdf

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    The document discusses the ABO blood group system and the antigens found on red blood cells. It explains that the ABO blood group is determined by the presence of A and/or B antigens on red blood cells. There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by whether the red blood cells contain A antigens and/or B antigens. The summary describes the key characteristics of each blood group in terms of which other blood groups they can receive blood from and donate blood to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4K views3 pages

    ABO Blood Group System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Perry Sin
    The document discusses the ABO blood group system and the antigens found on red blood cells. It explains that the ABO blood group is determined by the presence of A and/or B antigens on red blood cells. There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by whether the red blood cells contain A antigens and/or B antigens. The summary describes the key characteristics of each blood group in terms of which other blood groups they can receive blood from and donate blood to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document discusses the ABO blood group system and the antigens present on red blood cells that determine blood type.

    The main blood groups are A, B, AB and O.

    Group A has the A antigen, group B has the B antigen, group AB has both A and B antigens, and group O has neither antigen.

    Support us at: mobolearner@gmail.

    com

    Introduction

    The ABO blood group is represented by substances on the


    surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These substances are
    important because they contain specific sequences of
    amino acid and carbohydrates which are antigenic. As well
    as being on the surface of RBCs, some of these antigens
    are also present on the cells of other tissues. A complete
    blood type describes the set of 29 substances on the
    surface of RBCs, and an individual's blood type is one of
    the many possible combinations of blood group antigens.
    Usually only the ABO blood group system and the
    presence or absence of the Rhesus D antigen (also known
    as the Rhesus factor or RH factor) are determined and
    used to describe the blood type. Over 400 different blood
    group antigens have been found, many of these being very
    rare. If an individual is exposed to a blood group antigen
    that is not recognized as self, the individual can become
    sensitized to that antigen.

    Surface Antigens
    Several different RBC surface antigens stemming from one
    allele (or very closely linked genes) are collectively labeled
    as a blood group system (or blood group). The two most
    important blood group systems were discovered during
    early experiments with blood transfusion, the ABO group in
    1901 and the Rhesus group in 1937 . These two blood
    groups are reflected in the common nomenclature A
    positive, O negative, etc. with letters referring to the ABO
    group and positive/negative to the presence/absence of
    the RhD antigen of the Rhesus group. Development of the
    Coombs test in 1945 and the advent of transfusion
    medicine led to discovery of more blood groups.

    Blood Group AB
    Blood Group AB individuals have both A and B antigens on
    the surface of their RBCs, and their blood serum does not
    contain any antibodies against either A or B antigen.
    Therefore, a individual with type AB blood can receive
    blood from any group (with AB being preferable), but can
    only donate blood to another group AB individual.

    Blood Group A
    Blood Group A individuals have the A antigen on the
    surface of their RBCs, and blood serum containing IgM
    antibodies against the B antigen. Therefore, a group A
    individual can only receive blood from individuals of groups
    A or O (with A being preferable), and can donate blood to
    individuals of groups A or AB.

    Blood Group B
    Blood Group B individuals have the B antigen on their
    surface of their RBCs, and blood serum containing IgM
    antibodies against the A antigen. Therefore, a group B
    individual can only receive blood from individuals of groups
    B or O (with B being preferabe), and can donate blood to
    individuals of groups B or AB.

    Blood group O
    Blood group O individuals do not have either A or B
    antigens on the surface of their RBCs, but their blood
    serum contains IgM antibodies against both A and B
    antigens. Therefore, a group O individual can only receive
    blood from a group O individual, but they can donate blood
    to individuals of any ABO blood group (ie A, B, O or AB).

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