T R EL L EB O RG S E A L I N G S O LU T I O N S

Orkot
Marine Bearings
ENGINEERING MANUAL

YO U R PA R T N ER F O R S E A L I N G T EC H N O LO GY
 Contents

03 General 12 Water-Lubricated SternTube Bearings

03 Introduction 12 Bearing and Design Pressure
03 Material description 12 Material Selection
03 Manufacturing 12 Shaft Requirements
03 Management systems and classification 12 Design
16 Machining Tolerance

04 Properties / Specifications
04 Material Datasheet- Metric 17 Installation
05 Material Datasheet- Inch 17 Fitting Methods (Freezing, Pressing and
06 Service and Support Bonding)
06 Website 20 Machining Instructions
06 Worldwide Availability 22 Health and Safety Data
07 Marine Stock Tube Sizes 26 Calculation Sheets
08 Marine Stock Sheet Sizes
08 Standard Production Capacity Guidelines
31 Contacts

09 Rudder Bearings
09 Bearing and Design Pressure
09 Material Selection
09 Lubrication
09 Housing and Shaft Requirements
10 Design
11 Machining Tolerance

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S General

General

Introduction
Orkot is the brand name of a range of proprietary composite
bearing materials consisting of a matrix of fabric-reinforced
polymers from Trelleborg Sealing Solutions. Orkot is
exclusively manufactured in three locations: United Kingdom,
United States and China.

For over 60 years Orkot bearings have been used in

industrial, offshore oil & gas and shipbuilding applications.
Orkot TLMM and TXMM bearing materials carry approval by
classification societies worldwide. Many applications, such as
steering and propulsion of merchant and navy ships, involve Manufacturing
safety critical parts. The fabric and reinforced polymer matrix are processed into
either tubes or flat sheets. After subsequent curing, the result
Orkot Marine Bearings are manufactured from a unique is a product with a laminated structure, designed to withstand
synthetic composite incorporating solid lubricants for dry extremely high pressure perpendicular to the laminate.
running to ensure outstanding wear life. Virtually no swelling
in sea water and very low thermal coefficient of expansion The polymer matrix is backed up by additional reinforcement in
provide dimensional stability in arctic and tropical seas. They the form of a woven fabric made of synthetic fibers. Organic
do not corrode or promote corrosion of the housing and fibers, such as cotton, are not used due to their tendency to
tolerate both edge loading and misalignment. Orkot TXMM swell in water.
has been tested in independent test installations, including
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and is approved for use in The design of Orkot Marine Bearings should take into
marine applications. account the current rules and regulations of the relevant
classification society.
Extensive experience has been gained within the shipbuilding
and offshore industries with a wide range of applications on
board both merchant and military vessels.
Management Systems and
Classification
Material description Trelleborg Sealing Solutions operate a fully integrated
Orkot thermosetting materials, at the molecular level, management system which incorporates, ISO 9001 Quality
incorporate long chains of chemically cross-linked polymer Management System, ISO 14001 Environmental Management
molecules in a dense, 3D network. This cross-linked network System and OHSAS 18001 Health and Safety Management
ensures the integrity of the solid material. Once the polymer System.
has become solid (cured) it possesses a high mechanical and
chemical stability. Unlike in thermoplastic polymers, the Strict quality control and testing ensure material conformance
solidifying process in Orkot materials is irreversible. The and batch traceability. Routine testing is performed to
polymer does not exhibit a melting point at high temperature, simulate the extreme operational environments where the
nor does it have a glass transition point at low temperature. materials are used.
There is no risk of brittleness or chatter when used in
extremely cold, even cryogenic conditions. Type approval certification is held for Orkot TLM Marine and
TXM Marine grades from the worlds leading classification
societies. We can supply full listing of the certificates we hold
upon request.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Properties / Specifications

Properties / Specifications

Material Datasheet, metric units

Properties Unit TLMM TXMM

Compressive Strength

Normal to Laminate N/mm2 >300 > 280

2
Parallel to Laminate N/mm >90 >90
2
Tensile Strength N/mm >60 >55
2
Flexural Strength N/mm >65 >65
Elastic Modulus
Bending N/mm2 104 0.19 0.18
2 4
Tensile N/mm 10 0.32 0.32
2
Shear Strengh N/mm 80 80
Impact Strength (ISO 179/1987 Charpy Impact Unnotched
Normal to Laminate KJ/m2 120 120
Hardness Rockwell M 90 90
3
Density g/in 1.3 1.3
Swell in Water % of wall thickness <0.1 <0.1
Operation Temperature
for normal use (Without special precautions) C -30 to +65 -30 to +65
Maximum operating temperature C 130 130
Minimum operating temperature C Cryogenic Cryogenic
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 20C - 100C
Perpendicular to Laminate C 105 9 - 10 9 - 10
5
Parallel to Laminate C 10 5-6 5-6
Sliding Properties
Typical coefficient of friction dry against a corrosion 0.13 0.05 - 0.10
resistant surface such as stainless steel.
Bearing pressure 15 N/mm2

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Properties / Specifications

Material Datasheet, inch units

Properties Unit TLMM TXMM

Compressive Strength

Normal to Laminate psi > 43,511 > 40,611

Parallel to Laminate psi >13,053 >13,053
Tensile Strength psi > 8,702 > 7,977
Flexural Strength psi > 9,427 > 9,427
Elastic Modulus
Bending psi 104 27.6 26.1
4
Tensile psi 10 46.4 46.4
2
Shear Strengh lbs/in 11,603 11,603
Impact Strength (ISO 179/1987 Charpy Impact Unnotched
Normal to Laminate ft-lbs/in2 57 57
Hardness Rockwell M 90 90
3
Density lbs/in 0.047 0.047
Swell in Water % of wall thickness <0.1 <0.1
Operation Temperature
for normal use (Without special precautions) F -22 to +149 -22 to +149
Maximum operating temperature F 266 266
Minimum operating temperature F Cryogenic Cryogenic
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 68F - 212F
Perpendicular to Laminate F 105 5.0 - 5.5 5.0 - 5.5
5
Parallel to Laminate F 10 2.7 - 3.3 2.7 - 3.3
Sliding Properties
Typical coefficient of friction dry against a corrosion 0.13 0.05 - 0.10
resistant surface such as stainless steel.
Bearing pressure 2,175 psi

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Properties / Specifications

Service and Support World Wide Availability

Trelleborg Sealing Solutions have a team of Orkot Marine Bearings distribution network is set up
experienced and highly skilled engineers who offer a to meet the urgent demands of modern ship repairing.
full and complete service tailored to your specific Standard Orkot TLM Marine tubes, which can be
requirements. Some aspects of this service are: shipped the same day, are stocked world wide by local
distributors in the major ship repairing centres. These
- Recommendations on adapting our bearings to are backed up by additional large stocks in our
specific environmental and operational conditions. manufacturing plants.
- Calculation of bearing dimensions for pre-despatch Our modern, well equipped facilities can manufacture
or on site machining specific sizes of raw material in both tube and sheet
- Technical assistance with bearing installations form for despatch within 24 hours. They can also
- Full technical backup and support throughout the supply a full range of finished-machined products
service life of the bearing quickly and economically, including:
- 24 hour emergency support
- Plain bearings
This extensive support service is complimented by a - Flanged bearings
comprehensive range of technical documentation and - Grooved bearings
the Orkot Marine Bearings calculation program. - Staves
- Thrust bearings
- Spherical bearings
- Wear rings
WebSite - Pads
Visit our website on: www.orkotmarine.com for general and - Strips
technical information on Orkot Marine Bearings products and - Washers
applications. You will be able to view and download
certificates, literature and other documents.

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Properties / Specifications

Marine Stock Tube Sizes

Table 3: Tube mm (Available in Europe and Asia)
OD ID Length Weight OD ID Length Weight
European Part Number
(mm) (mm) (mm) (kg) (inch) (inch) (inch) (lbs)
TLM 13 95 47.6 500 3.5 3.7 1.9 19.7 7.7
TLM 21 118 66.7 500 4.9 4.6 2.6 19.7 10.8
TLM 22 150 88.9 500 7.5 5.9 3.5 19.7 16.5
TLM 23A 170 108 500 8.8 6.7 4.3 19.7 19.4
TLM 23 190 120.7 600 12.5 7.5 4.8 23.6 27.6
TLM 24 230 146.1 700 21.9 9.1 5.8 27.6 48.3
TLM 26 305 177.8 780 49.1 12.0 7.0 30.7 108.2
TLM 29 370 235 650 53.3 14.6 9.3 25.6 117.5
TLM 29A 400 270 650 57.8 15.7 10.6 25.6 127.4
TLM 31 445 295 570 64.6 17.5 11.6 22.4 142.4
TLM 32 480 381 590 51.4 18.9 5.0 23.2 113.3
TLM 34 520 403 700 77.2 20.5 15.9 27.6 170.2
TLM 36 595 450 710 110.0 23.4 17.7 28.0 242.5
TLM 39 650 500 800 134.0 25.6 19.7 31.5 295.4
TLM 42 735 600 840 154.0 28.9 23.6 33.1 339.5

Table 4: Tube inch (Available in the Americas)

ID OD Length Weight ID OD Length Weight
TSS Part Number
(inch) (inch) (inch) (lbs) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg)
HTND000600TLMM 0.313 1.000 12 0.40 7.94 25.40 304.80 0.18
HTND000601TLMM 0.375 1.500 12 0.93 9.53 38.10 304.80 0.42
HTND000602TLMM 0.500 2.000 24 3.32 12.70 50.80 609.60 1.51
HTND000603TLMM 0.500 3.000 24 7.75 12.70 76.20 609.60 3.51
HTND000604TLMM 0.750 3.500 24 10.35 19.05 88.90 609.60 4.69
HTND000605TLMM 1.000 4.000 24 13.28 25.40 101.60 609.60 6.02
HTND000606TLMM 1.500 4.500 24 15.94 38.10 114.30 609.60 7.23
HTND000607TLMM 2.000 5.000 24 18.60 50.80 127.00 609.60 8.43
HTND000608TLMM 2.000 6.000 24 28.34 50.80 152.40 609.60 12.85
HTND000609TLMM 2.500 4.500 24 12.40 63.50 114.30 609.60 5.62
HTND000610TLMM 3.000 6.000 24 23.91 76.20 152.40 609.60 10.84
HTND000611TLMM 3.500 7.000 24 32.54 88.90 177.80 609.60 14.76
HTND000612TLMM 5.000 8.000 24 34.53 127.00 203.20 609.60 15.66
HTND000613TLMM 6.000 11.000 24 75.27 152.40 279.40 609.60 34.14
HTND000614TLMM 7.500 12.000 24 77.70 190.50 304.80 609.60 35.24
HTND000615TLMM 9.000 14.000 24 101.83 228.60 355.60 609.60 46.19
HTND000616TLMM 11.000 16.000 24 119.54 279.40 406.40 609.60 54.22
HTND000617TLMM 13.000 18.000 24 137.25 330.20 457.20 609.60 62.26
HTND000618TLMM 15.000 20.000 24 154.96 381.00 508.00 609.60 70.29
HTND000619TLMM 17.000 22.000 24 172.67 431.80 558.80 609.60 78.32
HTND000620TLMM 19.000 24.000 24 190.38 482.60 609.60 609.60 86.35
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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Properties / Specifications

Marine Stock Sheet Sizes

Table 5: Sheet inches (Available in the Americas)
Width Length Thickness Weight Width Length Thickness Weight
TSS Part Number
(inch) (inch) (inch) (lbs) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg)
HPND000100TLMM 24 48 0.125 6.77 609.60 1219.20 3.18 3.07
HPND000101TLMM 24 48 0.250 13.54 609.60 1219.20 6.35 6.14
HPND000102TLMM 24 48 0.375 20.30 609.60 1219.20 9.53 9.21
HPND000103TLMM 24 48 0.500 27.07 609.60 1219.20 12.70 12.28
HPND000104TLMM 24 48 0.625 33.84 609.60 1219.20 15.88 15.35
HPND000105TLMM 24 48 0.750 40.61 609.60 1219.20 19.05 18.42
HPND000106TLMM 24 48 0.875 47.38 609.60 1219.20 22.23 21.49
HPND000107TLMM 24 48 1.000 54.14 609.60 1219.20 25.40 24.56

Standard Production Capacity

Guidelines
Trelleborg Sealing Solutions can manufacture parts within the
following guidelines. For custom solutions, contact your local
Trelleborg Sealing Solutions marketing company.

- Tube products up to 2500mm (98 inches) outside diameter

and 1250mm (49 inches) long
- Sheets products up to 860mm (33 inches) wide and
3,000mm (118 inches) long

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder Bearings

Rudder Bearings Lubrication
Water, grease or oil can provide bearing lubrication
depending on the application. No axial grooves are required
with lubricated rudder bearings. Orkot TLM Marine rudder
This section provides general advice on rudder bearing design. bearings are capable of intermittent dry running against
It also provides the information required to allow the user to K-Monel, Inconel 625, Stellite, duplex stainless and
calculate the machining sizes of a rudder bearing before and suitable corrosion resistant stainless steels.
after fitting.
Page 27 shows a completed example of the Orkot Marine
Bearings calculation for you to examine. Page 26 contains a Housing and Shaft Requirements
blank for you to complete your own calculation.
HOUSING
Alternatively, please feel free to contact Trelleborg Sealing The bearing housing internal diameter, particularly on refits,
Solutions to provide advice on the machine sizes. should be measured in at least three positions along its
length. At least two measurements should then be taken at
A spreadsheet based calculation program is available 90 degrees to each other in the radial plane and the resultant
upon request. Prior to carrying out any calculation, the figures used to obtain the average diameters of each position.
following information must be available: If the housing is oval or tapered Orkot can still be used if the
problem is not excessive: 0.1 mm per
- Minimum bearing operating temperature 100 mm (0.004 inches per 4 inches). The material has some
- Approximate ambient temperature during machining elasticity, but it will not compensate for severe wear. It should
- Housing and shaft sizes with tolerances be noted that the bearing will take the shape of the housing
when fitted with an interference.

Bearing Design Pressure The housing should be provided with an adequate chamfer to
Orkot TLM Marine has classification approval for up to prevent shaving the bearing when press fitting.After fitting, the
15 N/mm2 (2,176 psi) in rudder bearing applications, while TXM bearing should be retained at one end by a shoulder and for
Marine has approval for up to 20 N/mm (2,900 psi) in rudder additional axial security a keeper ring may be used at the
bearing and stern tube applications. Clearly, this is linked to the other. The following diagram illustrates this method.
application and the other components involved. When looking only at
the properties of Orkot Marine bearings much higher loads can be
sustained. Orkot Marine bearings are in use in many other
applications such as deck cranes, hatch cover slide pads, mooring
systems and ship stabilisers operating at bearing pressures ranging
from 25 up to 100 N/mm2 (3,626 up to 14,504 psi).

Material Selection
Orkot TLM Marine is the preferred material grade for rudder
stock, pintle, neck and carrier bearings. It incorporates solid Figure 1: Fitted bearing
lubricants which enable dry running to ensure outstanding
wear life for all rudder bushes operating above or below the SHAFT
draft line. The material will operate without lubrication at The shaft or liner surface in contact with an Orkot Marine
pressures of 30 N/mm2 (4,351 psi) for short periods and has bearing when lubricated by water must be of corrosion
been tested at pressures of 14.5 N/mm2 (2,103 psi) with a resistant material to ensure low wear. Suitable materials are
velocity of 1.3 m/min (4.3 ft/min) for 1.5 million cycles with seawater corrosion resistant stainless steel, phosphor bronze,
minimum lubrication. Orkot TXM Marine is a high performance gunmetal, Inconel 625 and Stellite.
material which exhibits lower friction and wear properties than our
TLM Marine grade. It is approved to operate without lubrication in The shaft should be smooth, without cutting edges. The ideal
rudder bearing applications and has been tested, with lubrication shaft surface finish is between 0.1 and 0.8 m or 4 and
against stainless steel for submarine steering gear at 57 N/mm2 32 Ra micro inches.
at 1 m/min (8,267 psi at 3.3 ft/min).

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder Bearings

Design BEARING INTERFERENCE

As with all polymer bearings, the interference required to hold
Wall Thickness the bearing in place during operation is higher than that
Normally in refits, the wall thickness of the bearing is fixed by required by metal bearings because the modulus of polymer
the shaft and housing dimensions. materials is lower.

For new bearing designs the optimum wall thickness should be Tables 6, 7, 8 and 9 show the various values for m and c
calculated as: that are required to calculate the recommended interference
for Orkot Marine rudder bearings. These values depend on
0.035 x shaft diameter + 2 mm (0.08 inches) the minimum operating temperature of the bearing and the
temperature of the machine shop at the time of machining.
Any bearing design with a wall thickness below this value These temperature figures should be used in relation with
should always be checked by our engineering department to these tables when selecting the values of m and c.
ensure it meets our minimum requirements.
Once these values have been obtained from the tables they
It should be noted that when an Orkot Marine bearing of the should be entered into the following equation in order to
optimum thickness is fitted into a housing the interference is calculate the required interference:
reflected as a reduction of the bearings internal diameter after
fitting, i.e. the wall thickness before and after fitting will Interference = (m x Housing ID) + c
normally remain constant. Bearings with thicker than optimum
walls may give less bore closure. Once an interference value has been calculated it can be
entered into the Marine Bearing Calculation.

BEARING CALCULATION VARIABLES

Table 6: Table 7
Operating Value of m Operating Value
Temp Machining Temperature (C) Temp of c
(C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 (C)

0 0.00131 0.00155 0.00178 0.00202 0.00225 0.00249 0.00273 0 -0.125

-10 0.00178 0.00202 0.00225 0.00249 0.00273 0.00296 0.00320 -10 -0.125
-20 0.00229 0.00253 0.00277 0.00300 0.00324 0.00347 0.00371 -20 -0.143
-30 0.00291 0.00311 0.00331 0.00351 0.00371 0.00391 0.00411 -30 -0.158

Table 8 Table 8
Operating Value of m Operating Value
Temp Machining Temperature (F) Temp of c
(F) 32 41 50 59 68 77 86 (F)

32 0.00131 0.00155 0.00178 0.00202 0.00225 0.00249 0.00273 32 -0.00492

14 0.00178 0.00202 0.00225 0.00249 0.00273 0.00296 0.00320 14 -0.00492
-4 0.00229 0.00253 0.00277 0.00300 0.00324 0.00347 0.00371 -4 -0.00563
-22 0.00291 0.00311 0.00331 0.00351 0.00371 0.00391 0.00411 -22 -0.00622

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder Bearings

BEARING CLEARANCE Metric

The minimum recommended bearing clearance for an Orkot - Upper slope (Typical classification minimum):
Marine rudder bearing can be established using the graphs Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 1.0
Figures 2 and 3. The lower line indicates the minimum - Lower slope (Orkotrecommended minimum):
clearances which we recommend where the alignment is good Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 0.1
and housing distortion low. The upper line is based on typical - Mean between the two slopes (Typically used in
classification minimum clearances. For example, Lloyds OrkotMarine Bearings calculations):
Register specifies 0.002d + 1.0mm (0.04 inches) but not less Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 0.55
than 1.5 mm (0.06 inches) mm for synthetic bearings.
Where Classification Societies other than Lloyds Register are Inch
specified, the mean clearance between the upper and lower - Upper slope (Typical classification minimum):
lines on the graph should be used. This is based on the Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 0.04
Unified requirement UR S10 of IACS OF 0.001 D + 1 mm - Lower slope (Orkotrecommended minimum):
(0.04 inches) minimum clearance but not less than 1.5 mm Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 0.004
(0.06 inches) with an additional allowance for water swell and - Mean between the two slopes (Typically used in
thermal expansion. Our rudder bearing calculation program OrkotMarine Bearings calculations):
Issue 8 and later defaults to this clearance. Where the Clearance = (0.002 x Shaft Diameter) + 0.022
Classification Society rules are not applied, it is suggested
that a clearance is selected from between these two lines Once a clearance value has been calculated it can be entered
into the Marine Bearing Calculation.

mm
3.50
3.00
Machining Tolerance
The following tables show the machining tolerances that can
Diametral clearnace

2.50
be achieved when machining rudder bearings. These can be
2.00
substituted into the calculation with your own machining
1.50
tolerance should they differ from those stated.
1.00
0.50
0 Once machining tolerance values have been selected they can
200 400 600 800 1000 mm be entered into the Marine Bearing Calculation. All of the
Shaft diamenter required elements of the calculation should now be in place
Recommended by some classification societies and the final figures can now be calculated.
Minimum clearance recommended for Orkot Marine
Figure 2: Bearing starting clearance in mm

RECOMMENDED MACHINING TOLERANCE

inches OD AND ID FOR ORKOT
0.14
0.12
Table 10 Table 11
Diametral clearnace

0.10
0.08
Diameter OD Tolerance Diameter OD Tolerance
0.06
and ID Band and ID Band
0.04
mm mm inch inch
0.02
0 1 - 100 0.10 0-4 0.004
8 16 24 32 40 inches
101 - 300 0.15 4 - 12 0.006
Shaft diamenter
Recommended by some classification societies 301 - 500 0.20 12 - 20 0.008
Minimum clearance recommended for Orkot Marine 501 - 900 0.25 20 - 36 0.010
Figure 3: Bearing starting clearance in inches above 900 0.40 above 36 0.016
The equations for the slopes on this graph are as follows.
These equations will allow you to calculate a more accurate
clearance figure.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Water Lubricated Stern Tube Bearings

Water Lubricated Stern It should be noted that Orkot TXMM will give lower wear if
abrasive conditions exist.
Tube Bearings
A shaft surface finish of 0.8 m (32 micro inches) Ra is
required to reduce bedding in wear.

This section provides general advice on stern tube bearing

design. It will also provide the information required to allow
the user to calculate a stern tube bearings dimensions before Design
and after fitting. A number of bearing designs can be manufactured from
Orkot Marine grades for stern tube bearing applications.
Page 28 shows a completed example of the Orkot Marine The types in order of popularity are as follows:
calculation for you to examine. Page 26 contains a blank for
you to complete your own calculation. MULTI GROOVE BEARING
This conventional bearing design has equi-spaced axial
Prior to carrying out any calculation, the following information grooves to allow water to circulate and cool the bearing and to
must be available: enable debris to pass through without causing damage to the
shaft or bearing. This design is suitable for most vessels
- Housing and shaft sizes with tolerances where shaft velocities are not high.

Bearing Design Pressure TWIN GROOVE BEARING

Water-lubricated propeller shaft bearings need to operate This bearing has two large axial grooves at 90 degrees to the
hydrodynamically, i.e the shaft speed should be sufficient to static shaft loading position and allows superior hydrodynamic
generate a water film to separate the shaft from the bearing. performance over a wide range of shaft velocities. It was
The design of these bearings is governed by the length to developed from testing Orkot TLM Marine bearings on a
shaft diameter ratio which can vary from 4:1 to 2:1 depending purpose designed shaft testing rig. The design allows for a
on the bearing position and upon approval from the hydrodynamic film to develop at
classification societies. Most classification societies apply a low shaft velocities reducing friction and wear. Good
ratio of 2:1 for Orkot Marine grades. Full copies of the hydrodynamic performance is obtained with shaft velocities as
certificates are available upon request or downloaded from our low as 25 m/min (82 ft/min). This design and may also be
website: www.orkotmarine.com. used for vertical shaft water pumps for marine use.

Material Selection 0.4W W = 0.055d + 6 (.24 inches)

It should be noted that Orkot materials are not suitable for [d = shaft dia.]
use in high speed grease or oil lubricated stern shaft systems.
Orkot TLM Marine is suitable for the majority of water-
Lubricated stern tube systems.
Orkot TXM Marine is especially suitable for low shaft
velocities i.e. naval surface ship and submarine stern shafts. R=0.3d

Shaft Requirements
Orkot Marine bearings can be used with most recognized
shaft materials and are found to be compatible with gunmetal,
phosphor bronze, Monel, Inconel 625, 18/8 stainless steel.
Figure 4: Twin Groove Bearing

If the bearing is subject to abrasive ingress, consideration

should be given to the use of harder shaft liners or carbide SPECIAL DESIGNS
coatings. Orkot Marine Bearings tend to improve the surface Special designs for naval applications that incorporate partial
finish during running. As with all bearings subject to the arc segmental bearings mounted in split bronze housings are
ingress of abrasive particles, life can be reduced. For the also available.
stern tube bearings of a vessel operating under such
conditions, a filtered water supply is recommended.

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Water Lubricated Stern Tube Bearings

STAVES The length to a diameter ratio of an Orkot Marine grade

An alternative bearing design uses staves machined from stern tube bearing should be held to 2:1 if possible. Today the
Orkot TLM Marine sheet or tubes. It should be noted that in majority of classification societies allow this as longer
refits the lignum vitae staves used in some vessels can be bearings increase the problem of alignment. If classification
easily and more economically replaced with Orkot TLM rules require a longer bearing to be used it is suggested that
Marine multi-groove bearings. After removing the worn staves the bearing clearance at the forward end for the additional
and keeper strips Orkot bushes can be machined to suit the length, above the 2:1 shaft to diameter ratio, should be
bronze carrier in the work shop or alternatively bored in situ. increased to provide a safety bearing. This can reduce the risk
of misalignment and is illustrated in figure 6.

Increased bearing diameter

L=2D
0.14
0.12
Shaft diameter=200mm (8 inches)
Corfficient of friction

0.10
0.08
0.06

D
0.04
0.02
0
20 40 60 80 100 120
The actual bearing should be positioned
Shaft Speed (Rpm) where the load is, hence at the propeller side

Figure 5: Coefficient of friction as function of shaft speed Figure 6: Long bearing with increased clearance safety bearing

Multi and twin groove designs can be manufactured as full or WATER FLOW RATE
split bearings. Full bearings are normally fitted with an A water flow rate of 0.12 liters per minute per mm of shaft
interference fit. This can be achieved by press fitting or freeze diameter is required or 0.8 gallons per minute per inch of
fitting. If more than one bearing is required to be fitted into a shaft diameter.
stern tube, care must be taken to ensure water grooves are in
line.

Where multi piece bearings abut, a radial groove, similar in

size to the bearings longitudinal grooves, should be machined
in both bores at the abutment. These grooves ensure that an
adequate water flow occurs even if the water grooves in the
abutted bearings are not aligned correctly.

Split bearings should be assembled with an interference fit. If

necessary this can be introduced using tapered keys.

Orkot has developed various special split bearing designs for

naval applications.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Water Lubricated Stern Tube Bearings

BEARING INTERFERENCE AND CLEARANCE

W To simplify the bearing design sizes are tabulated.

D *To improve shaft running the bottom (6 oclock) groove should be omitted.

The wall thicknesses A indicated are the minimum recommended.

Rad min

Bearing to have 3mm x 30 (1/8 inches x 30) chamfer on O/D and I/D.
The Orkot Marine Bearings calculation sheet can be
A used for stern tube calculations.
Shaft Size

Warning: Please note that the Orkot Marine Bearing calculation is set up as
Figure 7: Multi groove bearing for a shaft with a standard to calculate rudder bearing dimensions. As such the standard interference
diameter of 50 mm (2 inches) with bottom groove and clearance figures given must be changed to those stated in this section.
omitted.

Table 12: Multi Groove Bearing Metric

Shaft Size Minimum Wall Minimum Minimum Shaft Number of Angle between Groove Width Groove Depth
Thickness Interference Clearance* Grooves grooves W D
A (if applicable)
mm mm mm Degrees mm mm
30 - 60 8 0.15 0.3 4 72 8 4
60 - 100 9 0.22 0.41 5 60 8 4
100 - 150 10 0.34 0.52 6 51 10 6
150 - 200 12 0.43 0.63 7 45 10 6
200 - 250 14 0.56 0.74 8 40 12 7
250 - 300 14 0.7 0.85 9 36 12 7
300 - 350 16 0.84 0.96 10 33 14 8
350 - 400 16 0.97 1.07 11 30 14 8
400 - 450 20 1.11 1.18 12 28 16 10
450 - 500 20 1.25 1.29 13 26 16 10
500 - 550 22 1.4 1.4 14 24 18 11
550 - 600 22 1.5 1.51 15 23 18 11

*The minimum shaft clearance is typical for horizontal shafts. For vertical shafts the
running clearance should be determined on a case-by-case basis.

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Water Lubricated Stern Tube Bearings

Table 13: Multi Groove Bearing - Inch

Shaft Size Minimum Wall Minimum Minimum Shaft Number of Angle between Groove Width Groove Depth
Thickness Interference Clearance* Grooves grooves W D
A (if applicable)
Inch Inch Inch Inch Inch
1.18 - 2.36 0.315 0.006 0.012 4 72 0.315 0.157
2.36 - 3.94 0.354 0.009 0.016 5 60 0.315 0.157
3.94 - 5.91 0.394 0.013 0.020 6 51 0.394 0.236
5.91 - 7.87 0.472 0.017 0.025 7 45 0.394 0.236
7.87 - 9.84 0.551 0.022 0.029 8 40 0.472 0.276
9.84 - 11.8 0.551 0.028 0.033 9 36 0.472 0.276
11.8 - 13.8 0.630 0.033 0.038 10 33 0.551 0.315
13.8 - 15.7 0.630 0.038 0.042 11 30 0.551 0.315
15.7 - 17.7 0.787 0.044 0.046 12 28 0.630 0.394
17.7 - 19.7 0.787 0.049 0.051 13 26 0.630 0.394
19.7 - 21.7 0.866 0.055 0.055 14 24 0.709 0.433
21.7 - 23.6 0.866 0.059 0.059 15 23 0.709 0.433

*The minimum shaft clearance is typical for horizontal shafts. For vertical shafts the running clearance should be determined on
a case-by-case basis.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Water Lubricated Stern Tube Bearings

Machining Tolerance Table 14: Recommended Machining Tolerance

The following tables show the machining tolerances Trelleborg OD and ID for Orkot Propeller Shaft
Sealing Solutions can achieve when machining stern tube
Bearings - Metric
bearings. These can be substituted in the calculation with your
own machining tolerance should they differ from those stated.
Diameter OD and ID Tolerance Band
mm mm
Warning: Please note that the Orkot Marine Bearing 1 - 100 0.10
calculation is set up as standard to calculate rudder
101 - 300 0.15
bearing dimensions. As such, the standard machining
tolerance figures given must be changed to those stated in 301 - 500 0.20
this section. 501 - 900 0.25
above 900 0.40

Once machining tolerance values have been selected they can Table 15: Recommended Machining Tolerance
be entered into the Marine Bearing Calculation. All of the OD and ID for Orkot Propeller Shaft
required elements of the calculation should now be in place
and the final figures can now be calculated.
Bearings - Inch

Diameter OD and ID Tolerance Band

inch inch
0-4 0.004
4-12 0.006
12-20 0.008
20-36 0.010
above 36 0.016

Note:
These tolerances are for guidance only. Reducing them will
reduce the maximum clearance after fitting. It is important
that the roundness tolerance is maintained when chocking
compounds are used.

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

Installation 5. Cover the bearing with the liquid nitrogen and maintain this
level for the duration of the procedure. The nitrogen level
will constantly drop as the liquid boils, turns to gas and
escapes to the atmosphere. Use an insulated lid to cover
Fitting Methods the container when possible. Once the liquid stops boiling
Orkot Marine Bearings can be fitted using any one of the and settles down to a simmer then the bearing can be
following methods: lifted slightly from the liquid and the upper OD measured to
check for sufficient size reduction. If this has not been
- Freeze fitting achieved then the bearing can be returned to the liquid for
Method 1: Using liquid nitrogen (immersion method) 10 to 20 minutes and then checked again.
Method 2: Using liquid nitrogen (vapor method) 6. Once sufficient clearance between the bearing and the
Method 3: Using dry ice and alcohol housing has been achieved, the bearing can be removed
- Press fitting from the nitrogen and transported to the housing for fitting.
- Bonding 7. The apparatus used to transport the bearing after freezing
will need to be resistant to the cryogenic temperatures they
Our preferred method is to freeze fit using liquid nitrogen. will encounter (e.g. polyester slings) and suitable to
However, descriptions of all methods can be found in this support the weights involved.
section. 8. Ensure that the reduced bearing can be located quickly and
easily. Once it comes into contact with any conductive
FREEZE FITTING surfaces the rate with which it will return to its original
This is a fast and efficient assembly method for an OrkotMarine dimensions increases greatly.
bearing. The thermal properties of the material allow a good 9. Slide the bearing into position, ensuring that it is held there
clearance between the bearing and housing when frozen and the while its temperature normalizes. Once the bearings
material does not become brittle at cryogenic temperatures. surfaces have cleared of the ice that forms on them during
normalization then any supports can be removed.
Note:
Extreme care should be taken when using liquid nitrogen to USING LIQUID NITROGEN (VAPOR METHOD)
avoid severe burns. Adequate ventilation should be provided Orkot bearings can be fitted without a metal container by
because oxygen is depleted when gassing occurs in confined vaporizing the liquid nitrogen within the bearing. This uses
spaces. Suppliers of the products will provide a data sheet less liquid nitrogen and is therefore safer and less expensive
advising on its use. than the immersion method. Please note however that the
rate of bearing contraction is a lot lower using this method
USING LIQUID NITROGEN (IMMERSION METHOD) when compared to the immersion method. As such the
A suggested procedure for method 1 is as follows: freezing procedure will take a lot longer.
1. Check the outer diameter (OD) of the bearing in at least A suggested procedure for method 2 is as follows:
3 positions around the top, middle and bottom (a total of 1. Check the outer diameter (OD) of the bearing in at least
9 measurements) making a note of the largest figure 3 positions around the top, middle and bottom (a total of
recorded. 9 measurements) making a note of the largest
2. Check the internal diameter (ID) of the housing in at least 3 figure recorded.
positions around the top, middle and bottom (a total of 2. Check the inner diameter (ID) of the bearing in at least
9 measurements) making a note of the smallest figure 3 positions around the top, middle and bottom (a total of
recorded. 9 measurements) making a note of the smallest figure
3. Provide an insulated container capable of withstanding a recorded.
temperature of -197C (-320F) and large enough to 3. Prepare a plywood disk with an od half way between that of
accommodate the bearing being fitted with enough the OD and the ID of the bearing. Drill a 1hole of
clearance on the OD to facilitate the insertion and removal approximately 15 - 20 mm (5/8 - 3/4 inches) in the
of the bearing. middle of this disk.
4. Place the bearing inside the container and make efforts to 4. Place the bearing on a smooth, flat, non-porous surface.
reduce its internal volume. This can be done by sealing off Seal the joint between this and the ID of the bearing with
un-used areas of the container or filling any voids with silicone sealant.
rough cut timbers. This will reduce the amount of liquid
nitrogen that will be required.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

5. Manufacture a simple lance from 10 mm (3/8 inches) or

similar copper tube. Drill approximately twenty 1 mm
(3/8inches) diameter holes through both walls of the pipe
and fit a bleed valve to the pipe to control the flow of
liquid nitrogen. Ensure that you seal the open end of the
lance.
6. Place the plywood disk on top of the bearing, and connect Housing -1mm 20 mm
the lance to a pressurized liquid nitrogen tank. step
7. Turn the valves to control the flow of nitrogen until vapor
can be seen escaping under pressure from the lance. If Figure 8: Method of ensuring the bush is square before the fitting starts.
liquid starts to exit the lance then the flow should be
reduced until it stops.
8. Place the lance though the hole in the center of the disk
and into the bearing. Wrap the bearing in an insulating
blanket to reduce energy loss from its surface. 60
9. During the procedure the nitrogen flow will need to be 50
monitored and adjusted from time to time. Measure the 40
OD at the top of the bearing periodically. 30
Tonnes
10. Once sufficient clearance between the bearing and the 20
housing has been achieved then the bearing can be
10
transported to the housing for fitting. 0
11. The apparatus used to transport the bearing after freezing 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
will need to be resistant to the cryogenic temperatures
Bearing operating temperature: Diameter (mm)
they will encounter (e.g. polyester slings) and suitable to
-30C -10C
support the weights involved. 0C
-20C
12. Ensure that the reduced bearing can be located quickly
and easily. Once it comes into contact with any conductive Figure 9: Fitting force (Metric tons)
surfaces the rate with which it will return to its original
dimensions increases greatly.
13. Slide the bearing into position, ensuring that it is held 60
there while its temperature normalizes. Once the bearings 50
surfaces have cleared of the ice that forms on them during 40
normalization then any supports can be removed. 30
Tonnes

20
USING DRY ICE AND ALCOHOL 10
Freeze fitting using dry ice and alcohol will only provide the 0
required clearance when using very light interferences. As 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
such, it is rarely a viable method in its own right and will often
Bearing operating temperature: Diameter (inches)
also require press fitting.
-22F -4F
-14F 32F
FITTING WITH HYDRAULIC PRESS OR
CENTER PULL JACKS Figure 10: Fitting force (Tons)
If a bearing is to be press fitted, installers should ensure that
they have equipment available to deliver adequate force to
press the bearing fully into the housing. The ease of fitting will Figures 9 and 10 show the typical fitting force of a bearing,
vary dependent on the finish of the housing. This should be length/diameter ratio 1.
considered when calculating the force required. When press
fitting a bearing, it is important that it is in line and square An initial force to move the bearing may be higher than given
with the bore before the operation beings. An adequate in the graph.
chamfer on the housing will prevent shaving of the bush.
The diagram (Figure 8) illustrates a method of ensuring the The actual force will vary dependent on the condition of the
bush is square before the fitting starts. housing, leading chamfers and the length versus diameter ratio.

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

BONDING Terms:
The method of fixture will depend upon the design employed. - The bonding agent is referred to as the adhesive.
However, the key point to be emphasized here is that in - The material/surface to which the Orkot is to be bonded is
addition to traditional mechanical fixing, Orkot materials can the substrate.
be bonded to both itself and metallic substrates. Please note - The distance between the Orkot and the substrate is
that if the assembly is to experience in excess of +60C to the gap.
+70C (+140F to +158F) then interference fitting should be - The ability of the adhesive to bridge and fill the gap is the
replaced with adhesive bonding. gap fill.

Numerous adhesives are compatible with Orkot and have Preparations:

been tested within our laboratory facilities. - Suitable substrates are Orkot materials themselves and
various metals (including Stainless Steel).
Generally the most suitable adhesives are: - Plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate,
PVC, PTFE are unsuitable substrates for bonding to Orkot
- Epoxies materials.
- Acrylics - The key to effective adhesion is in the preparation of the
- Cyanoacrylates substrate and the material to be bonded.
- Polyurethanes - Ensure no boundary layers such as oxides or grease are
present. Degrease with a suitable solvent ensuring local
The following is a list of adhesive suppliers whose products health and safety guidelines are followed. Orkot can be
have been tested and are approved for use with Orkot degreased by using a quick wipe with a solvent such as
materials: acetone, but exposure to the solvent must be kept brief so
as not to attack the Orkot material. Oxides can be removed
- Araldite by use of fine abrasive paper or wire wool.
- Belzona - Roughen the surface. Ideally where metals are involved use
- Bisonite shot blasting. Ensure any remaining particulates are
- Chockfast removed from the surface. Generally the slightly fibrous
- Loctite surface of Orkot does not require roughening, though the
- Bondmaster F246 use of abrasive paper is acceptable so long as any dust is
removed.
For specific details of bonding agents and conditions please - The assembled components may need support while the
contact our technical department or your local adhesives adhesive sets. This cure time will vary with the conditions
specialist. under which the adhesive is used. Typically a rule of thumb
General terms and preparations are required irrespective of is that the cure time will be halved for every +10C/+50F
the adhesive to be used. increase in temperature.
- In terms of assembly, avoid butt joints in favor of lap, so
that loads applied to the adhesive joint will act across the
assembly in shear.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

Machining Instructions TURNING

Tungsten carbide tooling of the butt welded type using K20
GENERAL grade carbide is suitable for most applications. If carbide
Orkot materials are readily machinable by conventional inserts are used, then aluminium grades with high positive
machine shop techniques. As a general guide, methods used rates give best results (e.g. Plansee grade H10T, Sandvik
for brass, aluminium or lignum vitae will apply for Orkot H10A or H13A, Mitsubishi HTI10.)
materials. It is preferable to use tungsten carbide turning For heavy wall thickness, the internal and external diameters
tools with cutting speeds of 5.5 m/s (19 ft/s). Orkot should be machined together to reduce vibration.
materials must be machined dry without the use of coolant. No asbestos is used in the manufacturing of Orkot Marine
and the material is non-toxic. It is however advisable to use
adequate dust extraction when machining. If unavailable,
operators should wear dust particle masks.
For small volume work and machining of chamfers, radii and
other forms, then high speed steel gives good results, but tool
life is shorter than with tungsten carbide.

Cutting Angle for Tools

Turning Parting off

R 1-2mm (0.04 - 0.08 inches)

3-5

5 5
5-20
5

Boring 5 3

3
10

15 3
3

Table 16: Speeds - Metric Table 17: Speeds - Inch

Diameter (mm) Rpm Diameter (inch) Rpm
0 - 50 2100 0-2 2100
50 - 100 1000 2-4 1000
100 - 150 700 4-6 700
150 - 200 550 6-8 550
200 - 300 350 8 - 12 350
300 - 400 250 12 - 16 250
400 - 500 200 16 - 20 200
500 - 600 175 20 - 24 175
600 - 700 150 24 - 28 150
700 - 800 130 28 - 32 130
800 - 900 120 32 - 36 120
900 - 1000 100 36 - 40 100

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

Table 18: Feeds - Metric Table 19: Feeds - Inch

Type of Type of
Roughing Finishing Unit Roughing Finishing Unit
machining machining
Turning 0.7 0.25 mm/rev Turning 0.028 0.010 inch/rev
Boring 0.5 0.20 mm/rev Boring 0.020 0.008 inch/rev
Parting 0.4 0.20 mm/rev Parting 0.016 0.008 inch/rev

GROOVING
Orkot materials can be readily grooved on a lathe, shaping, The chuck may be marked for the correctly spaced number of
milling or boring machine with a 90 machining head. For most grooves and each groove shaped in turn.
one off applications a lathe is adequate. A sharp high speed A 0.2 mm (0.008 inches) depth of cut should be used. For
steel tool ground to the correct form should be clamped in a long bearings a steady may be required. The machine fast
long boring bar with a three degree clearance ground on the traverse, (with the spindle locked) can often be used. Linear
side of the tool. No top clearance is required. speeds up to 10 m/min (30 ft/min) can be achieved.

2750 2750
2500 2500
2250 2250
Revolutions per minute (Rpm)
Revolutions per minute (Rpm)

2000 2000
1750 1750
1500 1500
1250 1250
1000 1000
750 750
500 500
250 250
0 0
0 50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 0 2 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48

Diameter (mm) Diameter (iches)

Figure 13: Machining Speeds as a function of Rpm and diameter (mm) Figure 14: Machining Speeds as a function of Rpm and diameter (inches)

Table 20: Speeds and Feeds by Drilling - Metric Table 21: Speeds and Feeds by Drilling - Inch
Drill Diamenter Speed Feed Drill Diamenter Speed Feed
mm Rpm mm/min inch Rpm inch/min
5 1600 300 0.2 1600 12
10 800 400 0.4 800 16
15 600 400 0.6 600 16
20 400 400 0.8 400 16
25 350 400 1.0 350 16
30 300 400 1.2 300 16

DEPTH OF CUT
Roughing 10 mm (0.4 inches) which produces excessive heat build up in the finished part.
Finishing 3 mm (0.12 inches)
Smaller cuts may lead to tools rubbing, causing wear

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

Health and Safety Data

1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
Product name: Orkot
Suppliers: Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Trelleborg Sealing Solutions
Rotherham Streamwood
Bradmarsh Business Park Rotherham 901 Phoenix Lake Ave.
S60 1BX Steamwood, IL 60107
United Kingdom USA
Emergency telephone number :+44 1709 789800 +1 630 289 1500

2. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION OF INGREDIENTS

General Description: Fiber reinforced plastic material
Information on ingredients: May contain Polyester/aramid fibers,
polyester/epoxy resin, PTFE, molybdenum
disulfide, graphite, calcium carbonate

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Physical/chemical hazards: None known
Human health hazards: None known, avoid breathing machining dust

4. FIRST-AID MEASURES
Inhalation: Fresh air, seek medical advice if irritation develops
Ingestion: Wash out mouth with water, seek medical advice
Skin contact: Not applicable
Eye contact: Irrigate with appropriate eye wash

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Suitable extinguishing media: Water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder
Not suitable extinguishing media: Not applicable
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon, carbon oxides
Protection of fire fighters: Use breathing apparatus

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Personal precautions: Filter mask for dust (machining)
Environmental precautions: Avoid dispersion of dust (machining)
Methods for cleaning up: Transfer into suitable containers for disposal

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling: Observe good industrial safety and hygiene practice.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight
Recommended packaging: Paper, card, plastics, wood

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Engineering measures: When machining use local exhaust ventilation. Collect dust for
disposal Machined swarf is flammable
Hygiene measures: Avoid breathing machined dust.

Occupational exposure limits

Chemical name: Dust
OEL (UK): < 10 mg/m3 8 hour TWA tot. inhalable dust
< 5 mg/m3 8 hour respirable dust

Personal protective equipment

Respiratory system: Dust mask, type FFP1 minimum
Skin and body: Work clothing
Hands: Not applicable
Eyes: Safety goggles when machining
Other protective equipment: Not applicable

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

9. PHYSICAL AND CEMICAL PROPORTIES

Physical state: Solid
Color: Variable white, black, gray, blue,
turquoise, green (compound dependent)
Odor: Weak, characteristic
Melting point: Does not melt
Bulk density: 1200 1450 kg/m3
Solubility in water: Insoluble
pH : Not applicable
Flash point: Not applicable
Explosion properties: As with all dusts a risk of explosion exists in
restricted environments

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stability: Stable
Conditions to avoid: If Orkot TXM Marine is burned with flame or laser engraved,
toxic fumes are emitted, thus appropriate ventilation should be provided.
Materials to avoid: If Orkot TXM Marine is burned with flame or laser engraved, toxic
fumes are emitted, thus appropriate ventilation should be provided.
Hazardous reactions: None known
Hazardous decomposition products: Decomposition does not occur under recommended storage and handling

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Inhalation: Inhalation of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract
Acute toxicity Oral: None known
Skin irritation: None known
Eye irritation: Dust may cause irritation
Other information: No know toxicological effects are associated with this material

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Persistence/degradability: This material is not readily biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: No known ecotoxicity exists
Other information: Not applicable

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 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Installation

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATION

Waste of residues: Disposal in accordance with national and local regulations
Contaminated packaging: Packaging can be recycled Cleaning agent - water
Cleaning agent - water
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
National transport regulations (UK): Not applicable

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Classification according to EU: This product does not have to be classified
Regulations 67/548/EEC-88/379/EEC

Safety phrases: Avoid breathing machining dust

Contains: Not applicable

National regulations
United Kingdom: No additional national regulations are known to the supplier

16. OTHER INFORMATION

This safety data sheet is based on Trellborg Sealing Solutions present knowledge and experience, and is intended to
serve as a guide for safe handling of the product regarding to health and environmental aspects.
The information given in this data sheet was obtained from sources we believe are reliable. The information is,
however, provided without any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding its accuracy or correctness.
The conditions or methods of handling, storage, use and disposal of the product are beyond our control and may be
beyond our knowledge. For this, and other reasons, we do not assume responsibility and expressly disclaim liability
for loss, damage or expense arising out of or in any way connected with the handling, storage, use or disposal of the
product.

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O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation Template

Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation Template

Company: Date:

Contact: Phone:

Vessel Name: Fax:

Company: Application:
All measurments are in mm unless otherwise stated.
Housing I/D Max (mm) Shaft O/D Max (mm)
Housing I/D Min (mm) Housing I/D Min (mm) Shaft O/D Min (mm)

Operating Temp (Degrees C) Machining Temp (Degrees C)

Clearance Recommended by Some

Classification Societies
Min Clearance Recommended by Orkot
Ltd
Min Interference (mm)* Min Clearance (mm)* (Mean of Above)
Manual Overide Manual Overide

M/C Tolerance (O/D) (mm)** M/C Tolerance (I/D) (mm)**

Manual Overide Manual Overide

(A) Housing I/D Max + Interference Min = Bearing O/D Min (A)
+ =

(B) Bearing O/D Min (A) + M/C Tolerance (O/D) = Bearing O/D Max (B)
+ =

(C) Shaft O/D Max + [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] + Min Clearance = Bearing I/D Min (C)
+ [ - ] + =

(D) Bearing I/D Min (C) + M/C Tolerance (I/D) = Bearing I/D Max (D)
+ [ - ] + =

(E) Bearing I/D Min (C) - [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] = Bearing I/D Fitted Min (E)
- [ - ] =

(F) Bearing I/D Max (D) -[Bearing O/D Min (A) - Housing I/D Max] = Bearing I/D Fitted Max (F)
- [ - ] =

(G) Fitted Bush I/D Min (E) - Shaft O/D Max = Fitted Clearance Min (G)
- =

(H) Fitted Bush Max (F) - Shaft O/D Min = Fitted Clearance Max (H)
- =

* These automatic figures are the standard clearances and interference's for Orkot rudder bearings and can be overriden in
the boxes provided if required. For stern tube bearings override these with the figures shown on page 14 of Orkot
Engineering Manual.
** These figures apply to Orkot machining processes. If your process tolerances are different then override them in the box
provided

26 TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS Lastest information available at www.orkotmarine.com Edition 2014

 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation Template

Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation - Example 1

Company: Orkot Marine Bearings Date: 10-Jan-14

Contact: AN Other Phone:

Vessel Name: Fax:

Company: Application: Rudder Bearing Example

All measurments are in mm unless otherwise stated.
Housing I/D Max (mm) 550.120 Shaft O/D Max (mm) 500.030
Housing I/D Min (mm) 550.050 Housing I/D Min (mm) Shaft O/D Min (mm) 499.980

Operating Temp (Degrees C) -10 Machining Temp (Degrees C) 20

Calculation Checks Clearance Recommended by Some

2.00
Classification Societies
OK
OK Min Clearance Recommended
by Orkot Ltd 1.10
Min Interference (mm)* 1.38 Min Clearance (mm)* (Mean of Above) 1.55
Manual Overide 1.38 Manual Overide 1.55

M/C Tolerance (O/D) (mm)** 0.25 M/C Tolerance (I/D) (mm)** 0.25
Manual Overide 0.25 Manual Overide 0.25

(A) Housing I/D Max + Interference Min = Bearing O/D Min (A)
550.12 + 1.38 = 551.50

(B) Bearing O/D Min (A) + M/C Tolerance (O/D) = Bearing O/D Max (B)
551.50 + 0.25 = 551.75

(C) Shaft O/D Max + [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] + Min Clearance = Bearing I/D Min (C)
500.03 + [ 551.75 - 550.05 ] + 1.55 = 503.28

(D) Bearing I/D Min (C) + M/C Tolerance (I/D) = Bearing I/D Max (D)
503.28 + 0.25 = 503.53

(E) Bearing I/D Min (C) - [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] = Bearing I/D Fitted Min (E)
503.28 - [ 551.75 - 550.05 ] = 501.58

(F) Bearing I/D Max (D) -[Bearing O/D Min (A) - Housing I/D Max] = Bearing I/D Fitted Max (F)
503.53 - [ 551.50 - 550.12 ] = 502.15

(G) Fitted Bush I/D Min (E) - Shaft O/D Max = Fitted Clearance Min (G)
501.58 - 500.03 = 1.55

(H) Fitted Bush Max (F) - Shaft O/D Min = Fitted Clearance Max (H)
502.15 - 499.98 = 2.17

* These automatic figures are the standard clearances and interference's for Orkot rudder bearings and can be overriden in
the boxes provided if required. For stern tube bearings override these with the figures shown on page 14 of Orkot
Engineering Manual.
** These figures apply to Orkot machining processes. If your process tolerances are different then override them in the box
provided

Lastest information available at www.orkotmarine.com Edition 2014 TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS 27

O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation Template

Rudder/Stern Shaft Bearing Calculation - Example 2

Company: Orkot Marine Bearings Date:

Contact: Phone:

Vessel Name: Fax:

Company: Application: Stern Tube Bearing Example

All measurments are in mm unless otherwise stated.
Housing I/D Max (mm) 252.450 Shaft O/D Max (mm) 198.940
Housing I/D Min (mm) 252.320 Housing I/D Min (mm) Shaft O/D Min (mm) 198.850

Operating Temp (Degrees C) -10 Machining Temp (Degrees C) 20

Calculation Checks Clearance Recommended by Some

1.40
Classification Societies
OK
OK Min Clearance Recommended
by Orkot Ltd 0.50
Min Interference (mm)* 0.56 Min Clearance (mm)* (Mean of Above) 0.95
Manual Overide 0.43 Manual Overide 0.63

M/C Tolerance (O/D) (mm)** 0.15 M/C Tolerance (I/D) (mm)** 0.15
Manual Overide 0.20 Manual Overide 0.20

(A) Housing I/D Max + Interference Min = Bearing O/D Min (A)
252.45 + 0.43 = 252.88

(B) Bearing O/D Min (A) + M/C Tolerance (O/D) = Bearing O/D Max (B)
252.88 + 0.20 = 253.08

(C) Shaft O/D Max + [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] + Min Clearance = Bearing I/D Min (C)
198.94 + [ 253.08 - 252.32 ] + 0.63 = 200.33

(D) Bearing I/D Min (C) + M/C Tolerance (I/D) = Bearing I/D Max (D)
200.33 + 0.20 = 200.53

(E) Bearing I/D Min (C) - [Bearing O/D Max (B) - Housing I/D Min] = Bearing I/D Fitted Min (E)
200.33 - [ 253.08 - 252.32 ] = 199.57

(F) Bearing I/D Max (D) -[Bearing O/D Min (A) - Housing I/D Max] = Bearing I/D Fitted Max (F)
200.53 - [ 252.88 - 252.45 ] = 200.10

(G) Fitted Bush I/D Min (E) - Shaft O/D Max = Fitted Clearance Min (G)
199.57 - 198.94 = 0.63

(H) Fitted Bush Max (F) - Shaft O/D Min = Fitted Clearance Max (H)
200.10 - 198.85 = 1.25

* These automatic figures are the standard clearances and interference's for Orkot rudder bearings and can be overriden in
the boxes provided if required. For stern tube bearings override these with the figures shown on page 14 of Orkot
Engineering Manual.
** These figures apply to Orkot machining processes. If your process tolerances are different then override them in the box
provided

28 TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS Lastest information available at www.orkotmarine.com Edition 2014

 O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Notes

Lastest information available at www.orkotmarine.com Edition 2014 TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS 29

O R K O T M A R I N E B E A R I N G S Notes

30 TRELLEBORG SEALING SOLUTIONS Lastest information available at www.orkotmarine.com Edition 2014

 Contacts

For further information please contact:

Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Rotherham Telephone

Bradmarsh Business Park +44 (0)1709 789 828

Rotherham S60 1BX United Kingdom
24 Hour Emergency Line: +44 (0)1709 789 840
E-Mail: enquiries@orkotmarine.com

Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Streamwood Telephone

901 Phoenix Lake Avenue +1 (630) 289 1500

Streamwood, IL 60107 USA
24 Hour Emergency Line: +1 (800) 546 7568
E-Mail: tssusa@trelleborg.com

W W W.O R KOT M A R I N E .C O M
 2014 Trelleborg Group. At time of publication the information contained in this literature is believed to be correct and accurate.
Trelleborg is a world leader in engineered polymer solutions
that seal, damp and protect critical applications in demanding
environments. Its innovative engineered solutions accelerate
performance for customers in a sustainable way. The Trelleborg
Group has local presence in over 40 countries around the world.

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