Pile Cap
Pile Cap
Pile Cap
A pile cap is a thick concrete mat that rests on concrete or timber piles that have been driven
into soft or unstable ground to provide a suitable stable foundation. It usually forms part of
the foundation of a building, typically a multi-story building, structure or support base for heavy
equipment. The cast concrete pile cap distributes the load of the building into the piles. A similar
structure to a pile cap is a "raft", which is a concrete foundation floor resting directly onto soft soil
which may be liable to subsidence.[1]
Design[edit]
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Construction[edit]
The mat is made of concrete which is an aggregate of small rocks and cement. This mixture has
to be supported by a framework to avoid sagging and fracture while setting. This process is
known as shuttering and reinforcing. The materials used are long twisted steel bars between the
piles held in shape by thinner tie wires. Once this steel mat is laid, timber is attached around the
perimeter to contain the wet concrete mixture. Once poured, (usually as a series of small loads),
the concrete is stirred to remove any air pockets that might weaken the structure when set. The
concrete undergoes a chemical change as it hardens and this produces a lot of heat.
Sometimes, if the mass of concrete is very large, pipes carrying refrigerant coolant are used in
the mass to assist the setting process to prevent the concrete from cracking. [2]
References[edit]
1. Jump up^ "PILE INSTALLATION METHODS". School of the Built Environment, Napier
University, Edinburgh 15 November 2005. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
2. Jump up^ "EXECUTION OF WORK". Public works department - various dates.
Retrieved 15 February 2011.
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